Regenerative approaches towards neuronal loss following traumatic brain or spinal cord injury have long been considered a dogma in neuroscience and remain a cutting-edge area of research.This is reflected in a large d...Regenerative approaches towards neuronal loss following traumatic brain or spinal cord injury have long been considered a dogma in neuroscience and remain a cutting-edge area of research.This is reflected in a large disparity between the number of studies investigating primary and secondary injury as therapeutic to rgets in spinal co rd and traumatic brain injuries.Significant advances in biotechnology may have the potential to reshape the current state-of-the-art and bring focus to primary injury neurotrauma research.Recent studies using neural-glial factor/antigen 2(NG2)cells indicate that they may differentiate into neurons even in the developed brain.As these cells show great potential to play a regenerative role,studies have been conducted to test various manipulations in neurotrauma models aimed at eliciting a neurogenic response from them.In the present study,we systematically reviewed the experimental protocols and findings described in the scientific literature,which were peer-reviewed original research articles(1)describing preclinical experimental studies,(2)investigating NG2 cells,(3)associated with neurogenesis and neurotrauma,and(4)in vitro and/or in vivo,available in PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science or SCOPUS,from 1998 to 2022.Here,we have reviewed a total of 1504 papers,and summarized findings that ultimately suggest that NG2 cells possess an inducible neurogenic potential in animal models and in vitro.We also discriminate findings of NG2 neurogenesis promoted by different pharmacological and genetic approaches over functional and biochemical outcomes of traumatic brain injury and spinal co rd injury models,and provide mounting evidence for the potential benefits of manipulated NG2 cell ex vivo transplantation in primary injury treatment.These findings indicate the feasibility of NG2 cell neurogenesis strategies and add new players in the development of therapeutic alternatives for neurotrauma.展开更多
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)and microglia are two very fascinating cell types with a multitude of important but different functions.At a first glance,they appear not to share many cellular properties,nor are ...Oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)and microglia are two very fascinating cell types with a multitude of important but different functions.At a first glance,they appear not to share many cellular properties,nor are directly related to one another or derived from a common ancestor.Despite all differences,emerging data show that both cell types express the protein nerve/glial antigen 2(NG2)after pathological insults(Figure 1).For years,it remained controversial whether microglia really could express NG2 upon injury,with contradictory results reported among different disease models.Addressing this question,we could recently show by using triple transgenic knock-in mice and either an acute injury model(stab wound injury)or the middle cerebral artery occlusion combined with immunohistochemistry that a subset of microglia activates the cspg4 gene in a disease dependent manner leading to a bonafide microglia-specific NG2 protein expression besides OPCs and pericytes.Our data show that the cspg4 gene not only gets transcribed in microglia based on reporter expression after recombination,but also the protein itself is expressed(Huang et al.,2020).展开更多
目的研究NG2细胞在大鼠脊髓损伤白质内源性增殖及形态特征。方法成年SD雄性大鼠42只,随机平均分为模型组和假手术组。按课题组自行设计的方法制作脊髓压迫模型,假手术组仅暴露脊髓。分别于术后1、3、7d运用免疫组化检测脊髓内NG2细胞的...目的研究NG2细胞在大鼠脊髓损伤白质内源性增殖及形态特征。方法成年SD雄性大鼠42只,随机平均分为模型组和假手术组。按课题组自行设计的方法制作脊髓压迫模型,假手术组仅暴露脊髓。分别于术后1、3、7d运用免疫组化检测脊髓内NG2细胞的表达。采用Image Pro Plus6.0软件对NG2阳性细胞计数并测量其胞体面积和突起长度。结果伤后1d,NG2+细胞增多(30.17±11.08)/视野,至3d达到高峰(90.75±9.40)/视野,7d后下降(78.38±8.91)/视野,但仍多于假手术组(19.92±6.68)/视野(P<0.05)。在假手术组,NG2+细胞平均胞体面积为(205.67±10.80)μm2、平均突起长度为(22.92±1.24)μm,伤后1d,NG2+细胞胞体变小(128.25±32.06)μm2、突起变短(10.98±4.25)μm,3d后胞体变大(225.26±16.64)μm2、突起增长(18.63±2.26)μm(P<0.05),至7d变化不明显(P>0.05)。在脊髓压迫损伤后,可见许多胞体较小呈圆形、突起少或无的NG2+细胞集落。结论在脊髓压迫损伤一周内,NG2细胞增殖活跃,胞体渐大,突起变长,但仍短于正常。展开更多
基金supported by funding from FAPERGS under Grant No.1010267FAPERGS/PPSUS+8 种基金No.17/2551-0001FAPERGS/PRONEXNo.16/2551-0000499-4FAPERGS/CAPES under Grant No.19/25510000717-5Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico under Grants Nos.4011645/2012-6 and#5465346/2014-6Irish Research Council Government of Ireland Postdoctoral FellowshipNo.GOIPD/2022/792Irish Research Council Enterprise Postdoctoral FellowshipNo.EPSPD/2022/112。
文摘Regenerative approaches towards neuronal loss following traumatic brain or spinal cord injury have long been considered a dogma in neuroscience and remain a cutting-edge area of research.This is reflected in a large disparity between the number of studies investigating primary and secondary injury as therapeutic to rgets in spinal co rd and traumatic brain injuries.Significant advances in biotechnology may have the potential to reshape the current state-of-the-art and bring focus to primary injury neurotrauma research.Recent studies using neural-glial factor/antigen 2(NG2)cells indicate that they may differentiate into neurons even in the developed brain.As these cells show great potential to play a regenerative role,studies have been conducted to test various manipulations in neurotrauma models aimed at eliciting a neurogenic response from them.In the present study,we systematically reviewed the experimental protocols and findings described in the scientific literature,which were peer-reviewed original research articles(1)describing preclinical experimental studies,(2)investigating NG2 cells,(3)associated with neurogenesis and neurotrauma,and(4)in vitro and/or in vivo,available in PubMed/MEDLINE,Web of Science or SCOPUS,from 1998 to 2022.Here,we have reviewed a total of 1504 papers,and summarized findings that ultimately suggest that NG2 cells possess an inducible neurogenic potential in animal models and in vitro.We also discriminate findings of NG2 neurogenesis promoted by different pharmacological and genetic approaches over functional and biochemical outcomes of traumatic brain injury and spinal co rd injury models,and provide mounting evidence for the potential benefits of manipulated NG2 cell ex vivo transplantation in primary injury treatment.These findings indicate the feasibility of NG2 cell neurogenesis strategies and add new players in the development of therapeutic alternatives for neurotrauma.
文摘Oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)and microglia are two very fascinating cell types with a multitude of important but different functions.At a first glance,they appear not to share many cellular properties,nor are directly related to one another or derived from a common ancestor.Despite all differences,emerging data show that both cell types express the protein nerve/glial antigen 2(NG2)after pathological insults(Figure 1).For years,it remained controversial whether microglia really could express NG2 upon injury,with contradictory results reported among different disease models.Addressing this question,we could recently show by using triple transgenic knock-in mice and either an acute injury model(stab wound injury)or the middle cerebral artery occlusion combined with immunohistochemistry that a subset of microglia activates the cspg4 gene in a disease dependent manner leading to a bonafide microglia-specific NG2 protein expression besides OPCs and pericytes.Our data show that the cspg4 gene not only gets transcribed in microglia based on reporter expression after recombination,but also the protein itself is expressed(Huang et al.,2020).
文摘目的研究NG2细胞在大鼠脊髓损伤白质内源性增殖及形态特征。方法成年SD雄性大鼠42只,随机平均分为模型组和假手术组。按课题组自行设计的方法制作脊髓压迫模型,假手术组仅暴露脊髓。分别于术后1、3、7d运用免疫组化检测脊髓内NG2细胞的表达。采用Image Pro Plus6.0软件对NG2阳性细胞计数并测量其胞体面积和突起长度。结果伤后1d,NG2+细胞增多(30.17±11.08)/视野,至3d达到高峰(90.75±9.40)/视野,7d后下降(78.38±8.91)/视野,但仍多于假手术组(19.92±6.68)/视野(P<0.05)。在假手术组,NG2+细胞平均胞体面积为(205.67±10.80)μm2、平均突起长度为(22.92±1.24)μm,伤后1d,NG2+细胞胞体变小(128.25±32.06)μm2、突起变短(10.98±4.25)μm,3d后胞体变大(225.26±16.64)μm2、突起增长(18.63±2.26)μm(P<0.05),至7d变化不明显(P>0.05)。在脊髓压迫损伤后,可见许多胞体较小呈圆形、突起少或无的NG2+细胞集落。结论在脊髓压迫损伤一周内,NG2细胞增殖活跃,胞体渐大,突起变长,但仍短于正常。
