本研究旨在挖掘烟草抗南方根结线虫病程相关基因非表达子NPR1(non-expressor of PR genes)家族成员,并明确其功能。基于拟南芥AtNPR1家族成员蛋白序列,利用生物信息学方法鉴定分析烟草NtNPR1基因家族成员及其特征。通过qRT-PCR检测南方...本研究旨在挖掘烟草抗南方根结线虫病程相关基因非表达子NPR1(non-expressor of PR genes)家族成员,并明确其功能。基于拟南芥AtNPR1家族成员蛋白序列,利用生物信息学方法鉴定分析烟草NtNPR1基因家族成员及其特征。通过qRT-PCR检测南方根结线虫侵染后抗病(NC95)、感病(长脖黄)烟草品种Nt-NPR1家族重要候选抗性基因的相对表达量,采用LC-MS/MS方法对2个品种烟草根系内源水杨酸含量进行检测。结果表明,从普通烟草基因组中共鉴定到12个NtNPR1基因,这些基因被分为3个亚组,同一亚组中NtNPR1家族成员蛋白结构、保守基序的长度和位置都极为相似。编码氨基酸长度范围为462~588,均为亲水性蛋白,均位于细胞核。南方根结线虫侵染抗、感烟草品种后,根系中水杨酸含量、NtNPR1基因家族成员表达量在抗病品种中均升高,在感病品种中则降低,其中NtNPR6的变化最为明显。综上,NPR1基因与烟草南方根结线虫抗性密切相关,NtNPR6基因可作为烟草响应南方根结线虫胁迫的重要基因。展开更多
The angle α between the fault strike and the axial direction of the roadway produces different damage characteristics. In this paper, the research methodology includes theoretical analyses, numerical simulations and ...The angle α between the fault strike and the axial direction of the roadway produces different damage characteristics. In this paper, the research methodology includes theoretical analyses, numerical simulations and field experiments in the context of the Daqiang coal mine located in Shenyang, China. The stability control countermeasure of "pre-splitting cutting roof + NPR anchor cable"(PSCR-NPR) is simultaneously proposed. According to the different deformation characteristics of the roadway, the faults are innovatively classified into three types, with α of type I being 0°-30°, α of type II being 30°-60°, and α of type III being 60°-90°. The full-cycle stress evolution paths during mining roadway traverses across different types of faults are investigated by numerical simulation. Different pinch angles α lead to high stress concentration areas at different locations in the surrounding rock. The non-uniform stress field formed in the shallow surrounding rock is an important reason for the instability of the roadway. The pre-cracked cut top shifted the high stress region to the deep rock mass and formed a low stress region in the shallow rock mass. The high prestressing NPR anchor cable transforms the non-uniform stress field of the shallow surrounding rock into a uniform stress field. PSCR-NPR is applied in the fault-through roadway of Daqiang mine. The low stress area of the surrounding rock was enlarged by 3-7 times, and the cumulative convergence was reduced by 45%-50%. It provides a reference for the stability control of the deep fault-through mining roadway.展开更多
The control of large deformation problems in layered soft rock tunnels needs to solve urgently.The roof problem is particularly severe among the deformation issues in tunnels.This study first analyzes the asymmetric d...The control of large deformation problems in layered soft rock tunnels needs to solve urgently.The roof problem is particularly severe among the deformation issues in tunnels.This study first analyzes the asymmetric deformation modes in layered soft rock tunnels with large deformations.Subsequently,we construct a mechanical model under ideal conditions for controlling the roof of layered soft rock tunnels through high preload with the support of NPR anchor cables.The prominent roles of long and short NPR anchor cables in the support system are also analyzed.The results indicate the significance of high preload in controlling the roof of layered soft rock tunnels.The short NPR anchor cables effectively improve the integrity of the stratified soft rock layers,while the long NPR anchor cables effectively mobilize the self-bearing capacity of deep-stable rock layers.Finally,the high-preload support method with NPR anchor cables is validated to have a good effect on controlling large deformations in layered soft rock tunnels through field monitoring data.展开更多
A study was conducted to analyze the deformation mechanism of strongly weathered quartz schist in the Daliangshan Tunnel,located in the western Transverse Mountain area.A large deformation problem was experienced duri...A study was conducted to analyze the deformation mechanism of strongly weathered quartz schist in the Daliangshan Tunnel,located in the western Transverse Mountain area.A large deformation problem was experienced during the tunnel construction.To mitigate this problem,a support system was designed incorporating negative Poisson ratio(NPR)anchor cables with negative Poisson ratio effect.Physical model experiments,field experiments,and numerical simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the compensation mechanical behavior of NPR anchor cables.The large deformations of soft rocks in the Daliangshan Tunnel are caused by a high ground stress,a high degree of joint fracture development,and a high degree of surrounding rock fragmentation.A compensation mechanics support system combining long and short NPR anchor cables was suggested to provide sufficient counter-support force(approximately 350 kN)for the surrounding rock inside the tunnel.Comparing the NPR anchor cable support system with the original support system used in the Daliangshan tunnel showed that an NPR anchor cable support system,combining cables of 6.3 m and 10.3 m in length,effectively prevented convergence of surrounding rock deformation,and the integrated settlement convergence value remained below 300 mm.This study provides an effective scientific basis for resolving large deformation problems in deeply buried soft rocks in western transverse mountain areas.展开更多
文摘本研究旨在挖掘烟草抗南方根结线虫病程相关基因非表达子NPR1(non-expressor of PR genes)家族成员,并明确其功能。基于拟南芥AtNPR1家族成员蛋白序列,利用生物信息学方法鉴定分析烟草NtNPR1基因家族成员及其特征。通过qRT-PCR检测南方根结线虫侵染后抗病(NC95)、感病(长脖黄)烟草品种Nt-NPR1家族重要候选抗性基因的相对表达量,采用LC-MS/MS方法对2个品种烟草根系内源水杨酸含量进行检测。结果表明,从普通烟草基因组中共鉴定到12个NtNPR1基因,这些基因被分为3个亚组,同一亚组中NtNPR1家族成员蛋白结构、保守基序的长度和位置都极为相似。编码氨基酸长度范围为462~588,均为亲水性蛋白,均位于细胞核。南方根结线虫侵染抗、感烟草品种后,根系中水杨酸含量、NtNPR1基因家族成员表达量在抗病品种中均升高,在感病品种中则降低,其中NtNPR6的变化最为明显。综上,NPR1基因与烟草南方根结线虫抗性密切相关,NtNPR6基因可作为烟草响应南方根结线虫胁迫的重要基因。
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52174096, 52304110)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2022YJSSB03)the Scientific and Technological Projects of Henan Province (232102320238)。
文摘The angle α between the fault strike and the axial direction of the roadway produces different damage characteristics. In this paper, the research methodology includes theoretical analyses, numerical simulations and field experiments in the context of the Daqiang coal mine located in Shenyang, China. The stability control countermeasure of "pre-splitting cutting roof + NPR anchor cable"(PSCR-NPR) is simultaneously proposed. According to the different deformation characteristics of the roadway, the faults are innovatively classified into three types, with α of type I being 0°-30°, α of type II being 30°-60°, and α of type III being 60°-90°. The full-cycle stress evolution paths during mining roadway traverses across different types of faults are investigated by numerical simulation. Different pinch angles α lead to high stress concentration areas at different locations in the surrounding rock. The non-uniform stress field formed in the shallow surrounding rock is an important reason for the instability of the roadway. The pre-cracked cut top shifted the high stress region to the deep rock mass and formed a low stress region in the shallow rock mass. The high prestressing NPR anchor cable transforms the non-uniform stress field of the shallow surrounding rock into a uniform stress field. PSCR-NPR is applied in the fault-through roadway of Daqiang mine. The low stress area of the surrounding rock was enlarged by 3-7 times, and the cumulative convergence was reduced by 45%-50%. It provides a reference for the stability control of the deep fault-through mining roadway.
基金financial support from the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(STEP)(No.2019QZKK0708)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41941018)the Special Fund of Yueqi Scholars(No.800015Z1207).
文摘The control of large deformation problems in layered soft rock tunnels needs to solve urgently.The roof problem is particularly severe among the deformation issues in tunnels.This study first analyzes the asymmetric deformation modes in layered soft rock tunnels with large deformations.Subsequently,we construct a mechanical model under ideal conditions for controlling the roof of layered soft rock tunnels through high preload with the support of NPR anchor cables.The prominent roles of long and short NPR anchor cables in the support system are also analyzed.The results indicate the significance of high preload in controlling the roof of layered soft rock tunnels.The short NPR anchor cables effectively improve the integrity of the stratified soft rock layers,while the long NPR anchor cables effectively mobilize the self-bearing capacity of deep-stable rock layers.Finally,the high-preload support method with NPR anchor cables is validated to have a good effect on controlling large deformations in layered soft rock tunnels through field monitoring data.
基金Project(41941018)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for the Special Project FundingProject(22-JKCF-08)supported by the Study on in-situ Stress Database and 3D in-situ Stress Inversion Technology of Highway Tunnel in Shanxi Province,China+1 种基金Project(2022-JKKJ-6)supported by the Study on Disaster Mechanism and NPR Anchor Cable Prevention and Control of Coal Mining Caving Subsidence in Operating Tunnel in Mountainous Area,ChinaProject(BBJ2024032)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(PhD Top Innovative Talents Fund of CUMTB),China。
文摘A study was conducted to analyze the deformation mechanism of strongly weathered quartz schist in the Daliangshan Tunnel,located in the western Transverse Mountain area.A large deformation problem was experienced during the tunnel construction.To mitigate this problem,a support system was designed incorporating negative Poisson ratio(NPR)anchor cables with negative Poisson ratio effect.Physical model experiments,field experiments,and numerical simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the compensation mechanical behavior of NPR anchor cables.The large deformations of soft rocks in the Daliangshan Tunnel are caused by a high ground stress,a high degree of joint fracture development,and a high degree of surrounding rock fragmentation.A compensation mechanics support system combining long and short NPR anchor cables was suggested to provide sufficient counter-support force(approximately 350 kN)for the surrounding rock inside the tunnel.Comparing the NPR anchor cable support system with the original support system used in the Daliangshan tunnel showed that an NPR anchor cable support system,combining cables of 6.3 m and 10.3 m in length,effectively prevented convergence of surrounding rock deformation,and the integrated settlement convergence value remained below 300 mm.This study provides an effective scientific basis for resolving large deformation problems in deeply buried soft rocks in western transverse mountain areas.
