NRTL equation is one of the equations that widely used in chemical engineering thermodynamics. The marked advantage of the NRTL equation is that it can be used for predicting the thermodynamicsproperties of multicompo...NRTL equation is one of the equations that widely used in chemical engineering thermodynamics. The marked advantage of the NRTL equation is that it can be used for predicting the thermodynamicsproperties of multicomponent systems only with the data of binary systems. However the application of it to molten alloys and the other melts in metallungy has been mrsly reported. In this article, it was used to correlate thermodynamics data of binary molten alloys which are included in the systems-Cd-Bi-Sn, Cd-Bi-Pb, Cd-Sn-Pb. The data of those ternary systems were predicted by NRTL equation. The activities of Cd in quaternary system Cd-Bi-Pb-Sn were also calculated.展开更多
KF or K2CO3 was added into the 1-butanol-water system and two phases were formed: water-rich phase (water phase) and 1-butanol-rich phase (1-butanol phase). The liquid liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for 1-butano...KF or K2CO3 was added into the 1-butanol-water system and two phases were formed: water-rich phase (water phase) and 1-butanol-rich phase (1-butanol phase). The liquid liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for 1-butanol-water-KF and 1-butanol-water-K2CO3 systems were measured at 25℃ and showed that 1-butanol phase contained negligible salt and water phase contained negligible 1-butanol when the concentrations of KF and K2CO3 in the water phase were equal to or higher than 27.11% and 31.68% , respectively. Thus water could be separated efficiently from 1-butanol-water by adding KF or K2CO3 into the system. A theoretical calculation of LLE data was calculated by using the Pitzer theory to get water activity in the water phase, and by the models, such as the Wilson, NRTL or the UNIQUAC for the 1-butanol phase. For 1-hutanol-water-KF system, the experimental data were found in good agreement with the calculated results by using Pitzer theory and Wilson equa tion, while for 1-butanol-water-K2CO3 system, the experimental data were found in good agreement with the calculated results by using Pitzer theory and UNIQUAC eauation.展开更多
文摘NRTL equation is one of the equations that widely used in chemical engineering thermodynamics. The marked advantage of the NRTL equation is that it can be used for predicting the thermodynamicsproperties of multicomponent systems only with the data of binary systems. However the application of it to molten alloys and the other melts in metallungy has been mrsly reported. In this article, it was used to correlate thermodynamics data of binary molten alloys which are included in the systems-Cd-Bi-Sn, Cd-Bi-Pb, Cd-Sn-Pb. The data of those ternary systems were predicted by NRTL equation. The activities of Cd in quaternary system Cd-Bi-Pb-Sn were also calculated.
文摘KF or K2CO3 was added into the 1-butanol-water system and two phases were formed: water-rich phase (water phase) and 1-butanol-rich phase (1-butanol phase). The liquid liquid equilibrium (LLE) data for 1-butanol-water-KF and 1-butanol-water-K2CO3 systems were measured at 25℃ and showed that 1-butanol phase contained negligible salt and water phase contained negligible 1-butanol when the concentrations of KF and K2CO3 in the water phase were equal to or higher than 27.11% and 31.68% , respectively. Thus water could be separated efficiently from 1-butanol-water by adding KF or K2CO3 into the system. A theoretical calculation of LLE data was calculated by using the Pitzer theory to get water activity in the water phase, and by the models, such as the Wilson, NRTL or the UNIQUAC for the 1-butanol phase. For 1-hutanol-water-KF system, the experimental data were found in good agreement with the calculated results by using Pitzer theory and Wilson equa tion, while for 1-butanol-water-K2CO3 system, the experimental data were found in good agreement with the calculated results by using Pitzer theory and UNIQUAC eauation.