Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Information for Contributors

Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics (TNUAA) is a bimonthly journal facing international academic community.Emphasizing prompt and effective dissemination of key data and new scientific insights,TNUAA publishes experimental and theoretical papers bearing on applications to all branches of aeronautics, astronautics and civil aviation.

Which Neighborhoods Have Easier Access to Online Home Delivery Services?A Spatiotemporal Accessibility Analysis in Nanjing,China

The rise in online home delivery services(OHDS)has had a significant impact on how urban services are supplied and used in recent years.Studies on the spatial accessibility of OHDS are emerging,but few is known about the temporal dimension of OHDS accessibility as well as the geographic and socioeconomic differences in the spatiotemporal accessibility of OHDS.This study measures the spatiotemporal accessibility of four types of OHDS,namely leisure,fresh and convenient,medical,and catering services.The geographic and socioeconomic disparities in the spatiotemporal accessibility of these four types of OHDS are then identified using spatial statistical methods and the Kruskal-Wallis test(K-W test).The case study in Nanjing,China,suggests that:1)spatiotemporal accessibility better reflects the temporal variation of OHDS accessibility and avoids overestimation of OHDS accessibility when only considering its spatial dimension.2)The spatiotemporal accessibility of OHDS varies geographically and socioeconomically.Neighborhoods located in the main city or neighborhoods with higher housing prices,higher population density,and higher point of interest(POI)mix have better OHDS spatiotemporal accessibility.Our study contributes to the understanding of OHDS accessibility from a spatiotemporal perspective,and the empirical insights can assist policymakers in creating intervention plans that take into account variations in OHDS spatiotemporal accessibility.

IEC Promotion Center (Nanjing) signs an agreement with State Grid Fujian Electric Power

The IEC Promotion Center(Nanjing)signed a development cooperation agreement with State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co.,Ltd.on April 23 in Nanjing city,Jiangsu province.The signing ceremony was witnessed by Shu Yinbiao,the 36th President of IEC,Academician of Chinese Academy of Engineering,and President of Chinese Society for Electrical Engineering,Ruan Qiantu,Chair of the Board and Party Secretary of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Shan Shewu,Chair of the Board and Party Secretary of NARI Group,as well as Fan Xiangqian and Yu Qing,Director and Deputy Director of Management Committee of Nanjing Chilin Technology Innovation Park.

Agricultural Development of Nanjing Suburban Counties based on Contribution Models of Production Factors

According to data in Nanjing Statistical Yearbook, contribution made by agricultural production factors was analyzed with contribution models of agricultural factors and the results showed that with restriction of labor force and land, Nanjing suburban counties have entered into a stage of ＂high input-high output＂, considering no matter from agricultural total value of output or from agricultural added value. In future, structure configuration of agricultural input factors should be optimized in Nanjing suburban counties by technology input to improve agricultural technology and technical efficiency in order to further achieve sustainable development of agriculture.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Vaginal Trichomoniasis in Women: Study at the University Hospital of Pikine in the Suburbs of Dakar, Senegal

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of genital trichomoniasis in Senegal. It sought to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with this condition in Senegal. Methodology: The study took place at the university hospital of Pikine in the suburbs of Dakar. For each of the women recruited, socio-demographic data, clinical examination data and the results of direct examination of the vaginal sample were collected in a questionnaire designed for this purpose. Results: A total of 312 women with a mean age of 31.13 (±8.41) years were recruited in this study. The majority of these women (59.94%;95% CI = 54.25 - 65.38), were seen for an infectious diseases assessment. Leucorrhea (58.33%;95% CI = 52.63 - 63.83) and genital discharge on vaginal touch (99.36%;95% CI = 97.45 - 99.89) were the predominant signs on clinical examination. The overall prevalence of vaginal trichomoniasis after direct examination of the specimens was 1.28% (95% CI = 0.41 - 3.47). Only the distribution of this prevalence by occupation was statistically significant (p = 0.0004). Conclusion: The low prevalence of genital trichomoniasis in women and the risk factors associated with it found in this study, which took place about ten years ago, should prompt an update of the data to better define the problem in Senegal.

Bird Resources and Avifauna of Zijin Mountain in Nanjing

The survey of bird species in Zijin Mountain area of Nanjing were conducted from September 2005 to April 2007.A total of 164 species belonging to 15 orders and 44 families were recorded,including 59 resident birds,34 summer migrants,41 winter migrants,29 passing birds,and one vagrant bird.There were 25 species listed as key protected wild animal species in China,and 56 species in key protected birds in Jiangsu Province.The avifauna was composed of Palaearctic realm species(51.22%),Oriental realm species(40.24%)and cosmopolitan species(8.54%),showing the characteristics of north-south transition.In summary,there are abundant bird species in Zijin Mountain,but with low population number and density.

TONIGHT,WE ARE YOUNG--‘New Youth,New Future’Asian Youth Music Festival rocks Nanjing

The“New Youth,New Future”Asian Youth Music Festival kicked off in Nanjing,capital of east China’s Jiangsu Province,on October 28.Talented young artists,bands,and singers from China,Japan,the ROK,and ASEAN countries gathered to share a stage and be part of a youth musical and cultural feast dedicated to peace and friendship.The festival attracted more than 20,000 spectators.

大都市郊区乡村多功能分类、演化趋势与研究展望

大都市郊区是城乡融合发展的前沿阵地,未来如何通过功能拓展满足城市和居民的多元化需求,如何通过功能的优化组合和协同发展实现自身振兴,是城乡融合发展实践中亟需解决的现实问题。文章以Web of Science、中国知网等为文献来源数据库,运用文献调研法,系统梳理了相关文献,在客观辨识大都市城乡主体需求特征的基础上,梳理了大都市郊区乡村多功能的内涵、特征及分类,多功能演化动力机制与趋势,并对未来研究进行展望,结果表明:1)大都市郊区乡村多功能是为满足城乡居民各类需求、维持郊区乡村自身及所依托大都市融合共生和城乡协作发展所能提供的各类服务和功能的总和,率先响应城乡主体需求而分化和拓展。据此,基于乡村内生型和城镇引致型2类需求,设计了基于“三生”功能视角的大都市郊区乡村多功能分类体系;2)乡村多功能演化发展是自然地理系统、社会经济系统、政策与制度以及人类活动等共同作用的结果,其功能演化进程领先于一般乡村,率先呈现“生产功能现代化与特色化、生活功能便利化与人文化、生态功能绿色化与可持续”的发展趋势;3)从基础理论和分类体系构建、创新发展规划政策约束下乡村多功能分区识别方法、积极探索多功能协同的典型路径与模式、完善乡村多功能转型发展的政策支撑体系4个方面展望了大都市郊区乡村多功能未来协同演化的研究方向。

绿色基础设施供需适配关系演进特征及其规律--以南京市为例

绿色基础设施(GI)供需均衡对维护城市或区域生态系统稳定,提升国土空间治理体系和治理能力现代化水平,推动城市高质量发展具有重要意义。从绿色基础设施供需适配关系的视角出发,运用生态系统服务价值法对GI服务供给进行测度,从社会、经济、生态和环境四方面综合评价GI需求,研究南京市GI供需适配关系的演进情势,揭示其时空配置的差异性。结果表明:(1)2000—2020年,南京市GI供给呈主城低、郊区高的分布格局,总供给、人均供给和单项供给均先减后增。(2)GI总需求逐年减少,形成从中心城区向郊区递减的三个圈层。(3)南京市共划出9个供需适配类型,对应11个辖区划出99个供需适配类型组合区,供需适配较好区与较差区分别占全市国土面积的26%和44%,呈不均衡分布。(4)主城区较适应的匹配类型是低供给-中需求,郊区维持低供给-低需求较符合区域发展实际,并针对不同类型区优化提升提出对策建议。

Influence of artificial freezing onliquefaction characteristics of Nanjing sand

Purpose–This study purposes to study the influence of artificial freezing on the liquefaction characteristics of Nanjing sand,as well as its mechanism.Design/methodology/approach–was studied through dynamic triaxial tests by means of the GDS dynamic triaxial system on Nanjing sand extensively discovered in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River under seismic load and metro train vibration load,respectively,and potential hazards of the two loads to the freezing construction of Nanjing sand were also identified in the tests.Findings–The results show that under both seismic load and metro train vibration load,freeze-thaw cycles will significantly reduce the stiffness and liquefaction resistance of Nanjing sand,especially in the first freezethaw cycle;the more freeze-thaw cycles,the worse structural behaviors of silty-fine sand,and the easier to liquefy;freeze-thaw cycles will increase the sensitivity of Nanjing sand’s dynamic pore pressure to dynamic load response;the lower the freezing temperature and the effective confining pressure,the worse the liquefaction resistance of Nanjing sand after freeze-thaw cycles;compared to the metro train vibration load,the seismic load in Nanjing is potentially less dangerous to freezing construction of Nanjing sand.Originality/value–The research results are helpful to the construction of the artificial ground freezing of the subway crossing passage in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and to ensure the construction safety of the subway tunnel and its crossing passage.

基于文化营销的南京大学图书馆用户关系管理新探

为秉承“以用户为中心”的建设理念,新时代高校图书馆对用户关系管理有着自身的理解认识和实践举措。南京大学图书馆以文化营销为抓手,经营具有自身特色的用户关系管理之路。文章从文化营销战略规划、业务流程整合、实践应用案例、团队建设等方面进行阐述,并在实践基础上总结经验,提出新时代高校图书馆用户关系管理的几点思考:转变思想,建立文化营销机制;转变行为,建立与用户的长效强联系;打破业务壁垒,构建闭环式用户反馈流程;打破部门壁垒,保障专业的文化营销团队。

2019-2023年南京长江江豚种群动态

南京是长江干流中长江江豚分布最密集的水域之一,一直受到广泛关注,但是种群动态仍不清楚.2019—2023年,研究团队在南京长江江豚省级自然保护区水域持续开展了长江江豚的监测工作.本文分析了南京长江江豚的分布、家域及种群数量的动态变化,通过112 d(56次)野外船只调查,发现江豚274次.平均最近邻工具检验表明江豚呈现聚集型分布,主要出现在潜洲-江心洲-三桥和子汇洲-新济洲等两个水域.最小凸多边形MCP、95%核心密度法KDE和50%KDE家域面积分别为50.86 km^(2)、135.54 km^(2)和60.81 km^(2),2022年KDE最大,秋季要高于其他季节.2019—2023年南京段长江江豚年平均数量分别为52头、60头、57头、62头和65头,呈现年际间的增长态势,冬季高于其他季节.种群数量的增长可能是实施“长江大保护”、“十年禁渔”、长江江豚拯救行动计划等保护措施的结果.

南京明城墙绿带草本层自生植物群落数量分类与排序分析

探索南京明城墙绿带草本层自生植物群落类型及其分布情况,确定影响其群落分布的主要环境因子,旨在为构建南京明城墙沿线绿色生态廊道及加强对于明城墙的保护提供理论依据。以南京明城墙绿带内30个样点为研究对象,基于南京明城墙绿带的野外调查数据,以物种重要值为指标,运用α多样性指数分析草本层自生植物的物种多样性特征,采用平均聚合聚类(UPGMA)和典范对应分析(CCA)进行数量分类与排序,研究南京明城墙绿带草本层自生植物群落组成、分布及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明:1)南京明城墙绿带草本层自生植物的物种多样性指数和均匀度指数均较高,且物种分布较为均匀;2)UPGMA聚类将明城墙绿带草本层自生植物分为棕榈-常春藤婆婆纳+中华薹草+黄鹌菜群落、繁缕+紫堇+诸葛菜+阿拉伯婆婆纳群落、常春藤婆婆纳+野芝麻+繁缕+紫堇群落、鹅观草+野芝麻+诸葛菜+紫堇群落、络石-鹅观草+常春藤婆婆纳+加拿大一枝黄花群落、天葵+繁缕+野芝麻+猪殃殃群落、络石-野芝麻+诸葛菜+南赤瓟群落、蓬蘽+络石-渐尖毛蕨+鹅观草群落、野芝麻+鹅观草+求米草+青绿薹草群落、络石-野芝麻+常春藤婆婆纳+诸葛菜群落、野蔷薇+络石+厚萼凌霄-茜草群落11组类型;3)CCA排序结果显示,影响南京明城墙绿带草本层自生植物群落分布的主要环境因子是郁闭度、枯落物厚度、墙体高度及墙面朝向。

优质粳稻南粳5818氮高效机制初探

探索水稻氮肥吸收利用分子机制对选育氮素高效利用水稻品种有着重要意义。本研究选用优质粳稻品种南粳5718和南粳5818为试验材料,设置低氮处理(150 kg/hm^(2))、中氮处理(300 kg/hm^(2))、高氮处理(450 kg/hm^(2))和不施氮对照,分析两个粳稻品种氮素利用率的差异及其分子机制。结果表明,南粳5818的氮肥农学利用率、氮素回收率和光合氮素利用率均高于南粳5718。随着施氮量的增加,南粳5718和南粳5818的氮肥农学利用率呈下降趋势。南粳5718和南粳5818的氮素利用相关基因OsNRT1.1B、OsNRT2.2、OsNRT2.3a及OsNRT2.4的相对表达量存在显著差异。在南粳5818中OsNRT2.3b相对表达量与OsNRT2.3a相对表达量的比值显著高于南粳5718。本研究利用分子生物学技术探索了水稻氮素利用率的分子机制,为选育氮素高效利用的水稻品种提供了理论依据。

基于新发展理念的南京城市韧性综合及动态预测研究

本文基于新发展理念,从“经济−社会−生态−工程”4个维度构建城市韧性测度指标体系,运用熵值法及综合评价法对2005—2019年南京市分维度、分阶段的城市韧性进行量化评估;借助系统动力学构建南京城市韧性动态仿真模型,对2020—2035年南京城市韧性发展水平进行长时序预测及多情景模拟,以比较不同情景的发展潜力。结果表明:2005—2019年,南京市综合韧性与分维度韧性整体呈波动上升趋势,各维度韧性占比在2005—2010年间存在显著差异,自2010年起位序转换剧烈,各韧性占比差距开始缩小,2019年经济韧性占比超越工程韧性跃居第1;相较于2019年,2035年时南京市综合韧性水平在自然状态发展、人口高速增长、经济快速增长、生态优先发展及综合协调发展情景下将分别提高25.62%、27.59%、28.40%、27.19%和30.29%,可见,综合协调发展情景能最大限度提升南京市城市韧性水平,且最早达成强度韧性,其余发展情景则会对部分社会经济等典型指标产生不同程度的负向作用。因此,今后南京市应注重新发展理念,持续优化综合协调发展路径,平衡经济、社会、生态、工程子系统间的关系,打造韧性城市建设的新范式,助推城市高质量发展。

南京医科大学的医学贡献及首创精神

南京医科大学自1934年建校以来,秉承首创精神,在基础医学、公共卫生与预防医学、临床医学,乃至中医药学等学科领域勇探“无人区”,取得了许多国际国内“第一”,除人类之病痛,助健康之完美,体现出医学报国、科技强国的历史使命感和责任感。值此建校90周年之际尝试做总结回顾,激励师生勇立报国之志,汲取新知识、创造新未来,加快建成特色鲜明“双一流”医科大学,更好地服务健康中国、教育强国战略。

空间转向视角下的南京市博物馆时空格局演化及其影响因素研究

为探明南京市博物馆的时空演化规律,文章以多源数据获取的南京市101家博物馆为研究对象,通过梳理博物馆发展历程,综合运用数理统计、GIS空间分析方法以及Spearman相关性分析和地理探测器模型对其时空格局演化及影响因素进行探究。研究表明:(1)南京市博物馆发展呈现明显的阶段特征,9类博物馆呈现规模化且多元化发展态势。(2)南京市博物馆主要集聚于中心城区及秦淮河沿岸,尽管在空间上有由中心向外围扩散的趋势,但空间上仍呈现明显的“核心-边缘”特征;对各乡镇街道博物馆进行聚类和异常值分析的结果表明,聚类态势的高值区主要在中心城区;全局分布具有空间自相关特性,冷热点区域变动显著,热点区沿中心城区向东南和西北不断延伸和扩大。(3)博物馆空间分布的类型和格局基本上是由历史资源禀赋的地域差异所决定的,在此基础上,区域经济发展水平、交通通达程度、人口因素,以及政策因素进一步强化了博物馆的空间分异。最后,结合空间转向背景,从宏观、中观和微观3个层面提出调控博物馆空间布局的建议,以期进一步促进博物馆与城市空间的高度融合。

革命财政中的地方主义——南京临时政府财政问题再讨论

南京临时政府与清政府的财政命运极其相似,皆受财政地方主义的羁制,陷入“中央孤悬”的境况。在南京临时政府的财政收入中,以临时性的非税收收入为主,缺少稳定的税收来源。税收本应由各地解送,但革命省份在接收原财政体系之后,并未积极向中央解送应缴款项协助纾困救急,反而还希望获得中央财政的拨款,甚至截留成为常态。这当然与各省的政治态度及财政赤字有关,但仍受清末以来财政地方主义的直接影响。中央允许地方就地筹款,外销和摊派范围不断扩大,原属中央财政的正额赋税钱粮之征收权、分配权和使用权部分被转至地方。在武昌首义爆发后,大部分省份对清政府的催解谕令置之不理;在宣布易帜独立之后,各省对临时政府的催款命令同样消极应付。财政地方主义的延续,对政权更迭及革命本身产生了重要影响。

远郊大型冬季活动客流演进及路径分流研究

有效的客流组织是保证大型活动成功举办的关键,通过大型冬季活动的客流特征及意向调查,建立了观众路径选择模型和客流动态演进模型,分析了大型活动各设施节点的客流分布和客流排队时间分布动态变化规律。结果表明:增加取暖房、纪念品店、景观点等设施将提升观众在远郊大型冬季活动中的观赛体验。大型冬季活动的观众可接受的安检/检票、等公交的排队时间及步行到场馆的时间心理阈值为20 min,且观众更愿意选择步行时间短和服务设施数量多的路径;采用路径分流并提供路径实时信息,会使得分流路径上、下游节点的客流分布更为均衡平缓,有效减少客流聚集和长时间排队等待现象。

基于精细时空行为测度的街道空间人群数字画像构建与分异

【目的】城市空间景观设计需要匹配多元化人群的实际活动需求,既有的数字技术方法更多从大尺度、宏观视角出发研究人群活动,难以满足景观尺度上对人群时空行为的智能画像研究。从景观-建筑尺度深入探讨面向街道设计的人群数字画像识别指标体系与测度方法,可为理解街道建成环境与人群分异之间的互动机制提供依据。【方法】以江苏省南京市中央路为案例,通过采集基于手机定位服务(location-based services,LBS)的人群时空数据和街道空间数据,运用人工智能算法分析不同类型人群的街道空间时空使用特征;提出包含基本属性、时间偏好、空间偏好、设施偏好和景观偏好等多维度指标的街道空间人群数字画像测度方法和谱系构建方法。【结果】识别出213种街道空间人群类型和7类典型人群数字画像,揭示了街道空间人群数字画像的时空分异特征,发现了这些特征与现状街道景观设计和设施布局的关联性。【结论】基于街道空间人群数字画像的分析结果,针对性地提出提升街道空间品质的规划建议,有助于更好地满足不同人群的实际活动需求,以助力城市空间景观设计响应居民需求,从而创造更加宜居、舒适的城市环境。