Effects of Nano-carbon Humic Acid Water-retaining Fertilizer on Citrus Growth and the Soil Bacterial Community in Citrus Field

[Objective] In order to reveal the effects of reducing the amount of novel nano-carbon humic acid water-retaining fertilizer(CSF) on soil microbial community structure and citrus growth. [Method]In this study,conventional fertilization was as the control(KC1) in Wanzhou citrus orchard of Three Gorges Reservoir area. CSF reductions by 0%(KC2),10%(KC3),20%(KC4),30%(KC5) and 40%(KC6) were used to analyze the changes of soil bacterial community structure,citrus yield and quality. [Result]The results showed that the observed species,Shannon index,Chao1 index and PDwholetree of KC6 were higher than those of KC1,and were the same as KC2. The abundance of Xanthomonadaceae was the highest in KC5. Compared with KC1,the Xanthomonadaceae in KC3,KC4 and KC6 was significantly decreased,and the levels of Nitrosomonadaceae and Pseudomonasaceae were higher than that of KC1 after the treatment of KC6. Sphingomonas in different reduction treatments was lower than that of KC1,but Burkholderia and Pseudomonas were significantly higher than those of KC1. It was found that the similarity among treatments was small after bacterial community similarity clustering analysis,and citrus yield increased somewhat after CSF fertilization reduction.When CSF fertilization reduced by 30%,citrus yield increased by 4. 50%. When CSF fertilization reduced by 40%,citrus yield decreased by4. 14%. After CSF fertilization,citrus quality did not change significantly in CSF conventional fertilization and reduction of 10% and 40%,while significantly decreased in 20% and 30% of fertilization reduction. [Conclusion] CSF fertilization reduction changed the diversity of soil bacterial community structure and the yield and quality of citrus.

Follow-up effect and safety value of nano-carbon on shoulder joint after lymphatic chemotherapy for breast cancer

Objective:To investigate the effect and safety of nano-carbon on shoulder joint after lymphatic chemotherapy for breast cancer. Methods:164 patients Breast cancer patients, Sc group (docetaxel + CNP), Dd group (docetaxel), Sc group and Dd group were selected to observe shoulder joint function, docetaxel concentration in Sc group and Dd group after 12 h, 24 h, 36 h and 48 h injection of chemotherapy, apoptotic index of metastatic lymph nodes, apoptosis rate of lymph node cells, Sc group and Dd group were observed. The occurrence of adverse reactions. Results:The concentration of paclitaxel in the lymph nodes of the Sc group was significantly higher than that of the Dd group at 12h, 24h, 36, 48h. The concentration of paclitaxel was the highest in the group of 24h in the Sc group, and the lowest in the 48h group. 0.05);The AI index of the chemotherapy group was significantly higher than that of the Dd group at 12h, 24h, 36, 48h in the Sc group (P<0.05). The AI index of the AI index of the 36h injection chemotherapy group and the 48h injection chemotherapy group in the Sc group and the Dd group were compared. The difference was not significant (P>0.05). The apoptosis rate of lymphocytes in the group of 12h, 24h, 36th and 48h in the Sc group was significantly higher than that in the Dd group (P<0.05). The patients in the Sc group and the Dd group were injected with chemotherapy for 48 hours. There was no significant difference in lymph node cell apoptosis rate between the injection chemotherapy patients (P>0.05);the incidence of adverse reactions in the Dd group (15%) was higher than that in the Sc group (7.1%), but there was no difference (P>0.05);There was no significant difference in the function of shoulder joint function between the Dd group and the Dd group (P>0.05). The score of the shoulder joint function score in the Sc group was increased compared with the Dd group (P<0.05). Conclusions:Carbon nanoparticles are of high value and safety in the application of lymphatic chemotherapy to shoulder joint after breast cancer surgery, which is worthy of wide application in clinical treatment of breast cancer.

Effects of Nano-Carbon Water-Retaining Fertilizer on Yield and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency of Tuber Mustard

The effects of nano-carbon water-retaining fertilizer on yield,quality of tuber mustard,and fertilizer utilization efficiency were studied with the field experiments compared to the local tuber mustard fertilizer with equal amount of effective composition. The results showed that the yield of tuber mustard was 50 670-56 496 kg/ha in treatments of nano-carbon water-retaining fertilizer decreasing by 10%-40%,and compared with local tuber mustard fertilizer,the average yield was increased by 94. 8%. The yield increasing rate of tuber mustard was 93. 0%in treatment of nano-carbon water-retaining fertilizer decreasing by 30%. The average fertilizer utilization efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus was 54% and 39. 7%,respectively,the average increment of fertilizer utilization efficiency was 36% and 37%,respectively compared with local tuber mustard fertilizer. Especially in treatment of reducing nano-carbon water-retaining fertilizer by 30%,the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency was increased by 64% and 56%,respectively. By comprehensive comparison,it was found that nano-carbon waterretaining fertilizer and the treatment of 30% reduction could significantly improve the yield of tuber mustard and fertilizer utilization efficiency,and have popularization and application value in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.

Effect of nano-carbon black content on wetting phenomenon of molten steel and alumina-carbon ceramic filter substrates

The effect of nano-carbon black content(O,8 and 12 wt.%)on the wettability of molten steel on Al_(2)O_(3)-C substrates was investigated by the sessile drop wetting method at 1500℃ under argon atmosphere.At the beginning of the wetting experiment,the contact angle decreased with the increase in nano-carbon black content.As the wetting experiment progressed,FeAl_(2)0_(4) layer and sheet Al_(2)O_(3) layer were found at the interface between the molten steel and the Al_(2)O_(3)-C substrates with O and 8 wt.% nano-carbon black content,and the contact angle deceased with time.When the content of nano-carbon black was 12 wt.%,a large number of nano-Al_(2)O_(3) whiskers were observed,which made the contact angle between the molten steel and Al_(2)O_(3)-C substrate become large.Based on the scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometry results,the formation mechanism of FeAl2O4 layer and Al_(2)O_(3) layer and the interfacial reaction mechanism were proposed.

绿色纳米碳酸钙生产关键技术与机理研究

以电石渣等钙镁废渣为原料来制备绿色纳米碳酸钙的生产工艺简单、设备不多、投资不大,属于“短平快”项目和新质生产力项目。采用离子计和pH计来跟踪研究浸取反应,并对新鲜浸取液和循环母液浸取反应过程的钙离子浓度、电位值、pH与时间变化的关系进行了比较。新鲜浸取液反应速度快、时间短、浸取率高;循环母液的浸取反应速度较慢、时间较长、浸取率较低。预碳化是一个极快的复分解反应过程,中间产物呈胶体状,其反应量约占钙离子总量的20%左右,目的是为CO_(2)碳化反应提供晶种;采用离子计和pH计来跟踪研究CO_(2)碳化反应过程,发现前期速度较慢,CO_(2)的气液平衡是控制步骤,后期氨的电离平衡是控制步骤,停止通入CO_(2)后碳化过程并没有立即停止,钙离子浓度和电位值继续下降,但pH有小幅回升。通过对电石渣浸取反应和氯化钙-氨水体系CO_(2)碳化机理的深入研究,为绿色纳米碳酸钙的产业化之路奠定了基础。

A hygro-thermo-mechanical constitutive model for shape memory polymers filled with nano-carbon powder

The nano-carbon powders are often used as fillers to endow the shape memory polymers(SMPs)with electroconductivity.It has been found that the shape memory effects(SMEs)of SMPs filled with nano-carbon powder can be triggered both by temperature and by water.To reveal the driving mechanism of SMEs,a constitutive model for describing the thermally activated and moisture activated SMEs of these shape memory polymer composite(SMPCs)is developed here.Because both of the SMEs share the same driving mechanism,the variable moisture is incorporated into the framework of a thermo-mechanical modeling approach to disclose the effect of moisture on the thermoviscoelastic properties.The SMPCs are regarded as isotropic materials and the effect of carbon powder on the mechanical properties of the matrix is also considered in the paper.Because the complete recovery may not be reached even they are exposed to the stimulus environment long enough,the blocking mechanism is also considered here.This is the mainly new contribution compared to the early work.Using the method of parameter determination presented here,the effectiveness of the proposed hygro-thermo-mechanical constitutive model is confirmed by comparing the model results with the test data of uniaxial deformation from the literature.

填料对硅烷改性聚醚密封胶性能的影响研究

探讨了填料在硅烷改性聚醚密封胶中的应用,重点分析了不同种类填料复配对密封胶力学性能和施工性能的影响。通过优化单一填料用量并进行复配试验,系统评估了各填料组合对密封胶整体性能的贡献。结果表明,合理选择填料及其配比能够显著改善密封胶的综合性能。

纳米碳/铝复合材料强韧化研究现状及展望

以碳纳米管、石墨烯为代表的超高性能纳米碳,具有优越的力、热、电等综合性能,是复合材料的理想增强体,以纳米碳为强化相少量加入到铝中,有望开发出高强、高模、低热膨胀的复合材料,并使复合材料保持轻质、易加工等特性,在航空、航天、国防等领域具有重大的应用前景,因而以纳米碳/铝为代表的新一代铝基复合材料备受关注。然而,碳纳米管等纳米碳易团聚,与铝等大多数金属并不浸润,且容易分布在晶界上诱导显著的晶粒细化,使得复合材料的强韧性等关键性能指标提升困难,或者使强度提高的同时使塑韧性下降显著,限制了其工程应用潜力。综述近年来国内外研究者在纳米碳/铝复合材料强韧化方面的策略和方法,包括纳米碳分散、界面和构型调控等,以期推动新一代轻质高强纳米碳/铝复合材料的发展,支撑国家未来重大工程应用。

超声造影体表定位联合纳米炭示踪行前哨淋巴结活检在cN0期浸润性乳腺癌病人中的应用分析

目的对比分析在cN0期浸润性乳腺癌(IBC)病人中应用超声造影(CEUS)体表定位联合纳米炭示踪行前哨淋巴结活检(SLNB)与单一染料法示踪行SLNB的手术耗时及其对前哨淋巴结(SLN)的检出率与检出数目,探讨CEUS体表定位联合纳米炭示踪行SLNB的可行性。方法收集2018年1月1日~2023年4月30日于北京市顺义区医院诊治的199例cN0期IBC病人临床病理学资料,根据SLN示踪方法不同将所有病人分为染料法组100例和联合法组99例,染料法组应用纳米炭示踪行SLNB,联合法组术前应用CEUS对SLN行体表标记定位,术中应用纳米炭示踪行SLNB。结果SLN检出率为96.48%(192/199),染料法组检出率为95.00%,平均检出SLN(2.79±1.228)枚,联合法检出率为97.98%,平均检出SLN(3.32±1.469)枚,两组SLN的检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),联合法组SLN的平均检出数目多于染料法组(P<0.05),但两组SLN检出数目分布比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),联合法组的SLNB手术耗时明显短于染料法[(13.83±4.58)min比(19.85±3.20)min,P<0.05]。结论联合法行SLNB可降低手术耗时并提高SLN的检出率及检出数目。

环保型改性纳米碳酸钙降滤失剂的合成与性能评价

纳米碳酸钙在钻井液中具有降滤失及封堵作用、且环保,但分散性差、易团聚,导致效果不理想。使用硅烷偶联剂对纳米碳酸钙进行表面改性,再通过自由基共聚法将抗温、抗盐单体接枝到改性纳米碳酸钙表面,得到改性纳米碳酸钙降滤失剂SDNPJ-2,采用红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析进行表征,同时对比评价其综合性能,通过对膨润土基浆粒径、zeta电位分析,滤饼扫描电镜(SEM)分析,考察SDNPJ-2在黏土颗粒上的吸附特征,研究改性纳米碳酸钙降滤失剂在水基钻井液中的降滤失机制。结果表明:SDNPJ-2可抗230℃高温;1%SDNPJ-2可分别使4%膨润土基浆、25%盐水基浆、10%CaCl_(2)基浆150℃/(16 h)老化后的API滤失量降低70%、89%和85%,可抗氯化钠250000 mg/L、抗氯化钙100000 mg/L,降滤失效果优于国外同类目前最优产品Driscal D;生化需氧量(BOD_(5))为558 mg/L、BOD_(5)/COD(化学需氧量)达22.6%,可生物降解;SDNPJ-2通过酰胺基团吸附于黏土表面、改善其分散性,优化体系粒径级配、通过物理堆积有效封堵滤饼和地层孔隙,两方面协同达到优良的降滤失效果。

复掺钢纤维-纳米炭黑混凝土力学性能的研究及优化

对复掺钢纤维-纳米炭黑混凝土进行立方体抗压试验、劈裂抗拉试验和抗折试验,并对试验结果进行极差分析、层次分析、因素指标分析和线性回归分析。结果表明:钢纤维类型对混凝土拉压比、折压比的影响最大;随着钢纤维质量分数的增加,混凝土拉压比和折压比均出现了先升高后下降的现象,纳米炭黑质量分数的增加对混凝土强度比没有显著的提升效果。在拉压比方面,混凝土最优配合比为钢纤维类型SF-A(剪切型),钢纤维质量分数0.40%、纳米炭黑质量分数0.75%;在折压比方面,最优组合为钢纤维类型SF-A(剪切型),钢纤维质量分数0.60%、纳米炭黑质量分数1.00%,并且得到的线性回归模型可以在本文所选取的范围内对折压比和拉压比进行预测。

近红外/吲哚菁绿荧光成像技术联合纳米炭在甲状腺癌全切术中识别甲状旁腺中的应用

目的:评估近红外/吲哚菁绿荧光成像(near-infrared fluorescent/indocyanine green, NIRF/ICG)技术联合纳米炭在甲状腺癌全切术中对甲状旁腺的识别效果。方法:选取在我院行甲状腺癌全切手术的100例患者临床基本资料,根据患者入院时间分为单独使用纳米碳组50例和近红外/吲哚菁绿荧光成像技术联合纳米炭组50例。联合组术中联合近红外/吲哚菁绿荧光成像技术同时术中注射纳米炭识别甲状旁腺,并通过术中甲状旁腺试纸快速检测确诊是否为甲状旁腺。比较两组患者甲状旁腺识别率、准确率及暂时性、永久性甲状旁腺功能减低发生率。根据荧光强度分析术后发生暂时性及永久性甲状旁腺功能减退风险,单因素分析探索影响荧光强度的因素,探索荧光强度与暂时性甲状旁腺发生风险相关性。结果:两组患者的性别、年龄、身高、体重、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)(P=0.384 1)、术前甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone,PTH)(P=0.964 1)、术前血清钙(P=0.356)差异均无统计学意义。联合组甲状旁腺识别率88%(176/200),纳米炭组识别率63%(126/200),比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);联合组准确率为96.59%(170/176),纳米炭组准确率为87.30%(110/126),比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。联合组术后常规病理1枚误切的甲状旁腺,单独纳米碳组术后发现5枚误切的甲状旁腺。联合组术后第一天有10例患者出现暂时性甲状旁腺功能减低,单独纳米炭组共22例患者出现暂时性甲状旁腺功能减低;联合组术后1天血钙为(2.15±0.07)mmol/L,纳米碳组为(2.09±0.10)mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P=0.002 438);术后6个月联合组患者出现1例永久性甲状旁腺功能减低,纳米碳组出现5例永久性甲状旁腺功能减低。单因素回归分析结果显示性别(β=-0.383 541 6;95%CI:0.2~2.35;P=0.538 595 3);身高(β=-0.044 147 54;95%CI:0.89~1.03;P=0.233 478 2);BMI(β=-0.173 074 1;95%CI:0.66~1.04;P=0.125 803 6);年龄(β=-0.008 371 99;95%CI:0.94~1.04;P=0.742 1);甲状旁腺分型(β=18.460 56;95%CI:0.94~1.04;P=0.233 478 2);术前血钙(β=-1.765 215,95%CI:0~328.74;P=0.650 233 9);术前PTH(β=0.022 139 24;95%CI:0.91~1.14;P=0.690 276)对FI没有影响。荧光强度FI与术后发生甲状旁腺功能减退风险负相关。结论:近红外/吲哚菁绿荧光成像联合纳米炭技术识别甲状旁腺安全有效,可以提升甲状旁腺识别率,减少误切,并且缩短了误切的甲状旁腺组织离体时间,提升了甲状旁腺组织自体移植的成活率,降低了术后发生暂时性甲状旁腺功能减退的风险,减少术后永久性甲状旁腺功能减退发生率。

纳米炭用于单孔腹腔镜经肛全直肠系膜切除术治疗低位直肠癌的临床分析

目的:探究纳米炭在单孔腹腔镜经肛全直肠系膜切除术治疗低位直肠癌中的应用效果。方法:行单孔腹腔镜经肛全直肠系膜切除术患者96例,随机分为观察组(术前给予纳米炭混悬注射液)与对照组,每组48例。术后记录清扫的淋巴结数目,检测其中的黑染淋巴结数目,并行病理检测明确各淋巴结发生转移情况。结果:观察组检获淋巴结平均数目(18.46±3.52 vs 10.63±1.95)明显多于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组检出淋巴结发生转移率(12.19%)高于对照组(9.41%)(P>0.05)。黑染类淋巴结发生转移率(88/611,14.40%)明显高于未黑染(20/275,6.18%)与对照组(48/510,9.41%)(χ^(2)=9.007、6.495,P=0.003、0.011)。结论:术前应用纳米活性炭混悬注射液,能够提高行单孔腹腔镜经肛全直肠系膜切除术患者淋巴结检获数目以及转移淋巴结检出率,可确保病理分期的准确性,在直肠癌临床治疗方面具有指导意义。

红外荧光显像技术联合纳米炭在甲状腺癌根治术中识别甲状旁腺的应用效果

目的探讨红外荧光显像技术联合纳米炭在甲状腺癌根治术中识别甲状旁腺的应用效果。方法选取我院2021年6月至2022年2月收治的120例甲状腺癌患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各60例。两组患者均行双侧甲状腺全切除术+双侧中央区淋巴结清扫和/或侧颈淋巴结清扫术,同时对照组常规应用纳米炭识别甲状旁腺完成手术,观察组应用红外荧光显像技术联合纳米炭识别甲状旁腺完成手术。比较两组的应用效果。结果术后1 d,观察组的血钙、甲状旁腺素(PTH)水平均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组的低钙血症、甲状旁腺功能减退发生率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论红外荧光显像技术应用于甲状腺癌根治术中可辅助识别甲状旁腺,联合纳米炭负显影可弥补纳米炭不能使甲状旁腺与脂肪、胸腺等未黑染组织相区别的不足,从而有效保护甲状旁腺功能,减少并发症发生。

吲哚菁绿荧光示踪联合纳米碳在甲状腺癌手术中的应用价值

目的探讨吲哚菁绿荧光示踪联合纳米碳在甲状腺癌手术中的应用价值。方法选取2021年1—12月萍乡市人民医院收治的40例甲状腺癌患者作为研究对象,随机分为对照组与研究组,每组20例,对照组接受纳米碳示踪,研究组采用吲哚菁绿荧光示踪联合纳米碳示踪。比较两组不同示踪方式的应用效果。结果两组手术耗时、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院天数和并发症发生率比较差异均无统计学意义。研究组中央区淋巴结(CLNs)检测数量高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组前哨淋巴结检出率、准确性、灵敏度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论吲哚菁绿荧光示踪联合纳米碳应用在甲状腺癌手术中可识别定位甲状旁腺,进而降低手术过程中的损伤。

Recent advances in self-lubricating metal matrix nanocomposites reinforced by carbonous materials:A review

Metal matrix self-lubricating materials lie at the core of cutting-edge aerospace,mechanical,and electrical industries,which demand technological performances that cannot be met by traditional liquid lubricants.Rapid innovation in nanocarbon materials in recent years enabled rapid development of advanced nanocomposites for applications in structural engineering and functional devices.Carbonous materials(e.g.,graphite,graphene and carbon nanotubes),exhibit a wide range of unique electrical,mechanical,and thermal properties,which are also considered ideal lubricating reinforcements for metal matrix nanocomposites(MMCs)with superior mechanical and tribological properties.In this review,we first showcase the distinctive features of the constituents commonly employed in self-lubricating MMCs,encompassing the high-strength metallic matrix and nano-carbonous reinforcement.Then,we present a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in preparation techniques for these advanced MMCs,followed by an in-depth discussion on their corresponding tribological properties and wear mechanisms.We close this review by outlining key problems to be solved and the future trend of the development in self-lubricating MMCs.

活性炭负载纳米零价铁/银复合材料对水中铅的吸附性能研究

通过液相还原法,将纳米零价铁(nZVI)和纳米银(nAg)负载到活性炭(AC)上,制备出一种新型复合材料(nAg/nZVI/AC),用于处理含铅废水。结果表明,在pH=7条件下,nAg/nZVI/AC对Pb(Ⅱ)的去除率达到99.7%,比原AC提高了74.28%。同时,银的加入提高了nZVI的反应活性,使吸附更快达到平衡。吸附过程与Langmuir模型(R2为0.972)和准二级动力学模型(R2为0.9219)更吻合。结合热力学分析结果,Pb(Ⅱ)的去除是一个以化学吸附为主的自发过程。

纳米TiO_(2)混凝土抗碳化性能的试验研究

纳米TiO_(2)以同等质量代替水泥(0、1%、3%、5%)掺入混凝土中,对纳米TiO_(2)混凝土进行抗压试验和碳化试验,研究了纳米TiO_(2)的掺量对混凝土抗压强度和碳化深度的影响,建立了考虑纳米TiO_(2)掺量和碳化龄期的混凝土碳化深度模型。结果显示:掺入适量的纳米TiO_(2)对混凝土的抗压强度和碳化性能的改善有很好的促进作用,且随着纳米TiO_(2)掺入量的增加对两者的促进作用呈现先升高后降低的趋势,纳米TiO_(2)掺量为1%时对混凝土性能促进作用最好。通过引入纳米TiO_(2)对混凝土碳化深度的影响系数,改进碳化深度模型。模型预测数据和试验数据吻合度较高,可应用于纳米TiO_(2)混凝土碳化深度的预测。

碳纳米管和纳米铜导热粒子的热调节性能研究

采用原位聚合法制备了以石蜡(PA)为芯材、三聚氰胺-甲醛-树脂为壁材、碳纳米管(CNT)及纳米铜(CNP)为导热粒子的改性相变微胶囊。结果表明:随着CNT和CNP添加量的增加,CNT改性相变微胶囊(MPCM/CNTs)的导热系数从0.25W/(m·K)增大到0.38W/(m·K),最大增加率为52%;CNP改性相变微胶囊(MPCM/CNPs)导热系数从0.25W/(m·K)增大到0.47W/(m·K),最大增加率为88%。

紫外线下纳米TiO_(2)改性涂层混凝土抗碳化性能研究

为提升涂层混凝土在紫外线照射下的抗碳化性能,通过引入不同掺量金红石型纳米TiO_(2)对水泥基结晶涂层和聚氨酯涂层进行改性。结果表明:紫外线照射一定程度上会削弱涂层混凝土的抗碳化性能;使用纳米TiO_(2)改性后,两种涂层混凝土在紫外线照射下的抗碳化性能均得到了不同程度的提升,随着纳米TiO_(2)掺量的增加,两种涂层混凝土抗碳化性能均呈现先提升后降低的趋势,其中水泥基结晶涂层中纳米TiO_(2)最优掺量为2%,聚氨酯涂层中纳米TiO_(2)最优掺量为1%~2%,紫外线照射下纳米TiO_(2)对聚氨酯涂层混凝土抗碳化性能的提升最为明显。