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Chiang Kai-shek and the 1947 Reorganization of the National Government
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作者 Chaoguang Wang 《Frontiers of History in China》 2012年第2期261-281,共21页
When the Guomindang (GMD) took charge in 1927, it implemented the "political tutelage" system. Participation of other parties in politics was disallowed. But after the Anti-Japanese War (1937-45), under the comb... When the Guomindang (GMD) took charge in 1927, it implemented the "political tutelage" system. Participation of other parties in politics was disallowed. But after the Anti-Japanese War (1937-45), under the combined effect of internal and external pressure, the GMD needed to adopt a constitution, reorganize government and establish multi-party participation. The April 1947 governmental reorganization was the starting point of a transformation from a "political tutelage" system to a constitutional system. Though this reorganization introduced many non-GMD members into the government, it did not change the GMD's one-party dominance. Its desired transformation of China from one-party "political tutelage" into a constitutional democracy still remained limited. 展开更多
关键词 national government government reorganization Chiang Kai-shek 1947
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“Systematic Rival”From the Perspective of Philosophy of Property System
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作者 CHANG Qing 《Journalism and Mass Communication》 2024年第5期267-278,共12页
At present,the world is undergoing accelerating changes unseen in a century.With the United States regarding China as a strategic competitor,China-EU relations have become the core of national and global governance.Fo... At present,the world is undergoing accelerating changes unseen in a century.With the United States regarding China as a strategic competitor,China-EU relations have become the core of national and global governance.For this reason,we use the basic theory and tools of Philosophy of Property System to clarify the EU’s characterization of China and accordingly propose the method of judgment and the principle of response.From this,we can get three basic cognitions of“systematic rivalry”,namely mutual exclusion of common cognition(Model A),mutual exclusion and cooperation of personality cognition(Model B),and cooperation of historical cognition(Model C).In order to steadily grasp the nature of“systematic rival”and make it operable,three basic cognitive models(AB,AC,BC,ABC,etc.)are combined,and a comprehensive judgment(ABC+model)is made to adapt to the supranational sovereignty characteristics of the EU.It is believed that the nature of“systematic rivalry”in the“trinity”refers to the main aspects of competition between China and Europe.Therefore,there are three principles for the Philosophy of Property System of“systematic rival”:first,maintain the situation of competition and cooperation;second,there is no fixed mode of competition and cooperation;and third,temporary confrontation and complementarity will lead to new competition and cooperation. 展开更多
关键词 systemic rival national governance global governance philosophy of property system
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Blockchain:A Technical Support for the Modernization of the National Governance System and Capacity
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作者 Yu Yuxin Zhang Yugui 《Contemporary Social Sciences》 2020年第5期13-27,共15页
The modernization of national governance needs to be supported with modern technical tools to conform relations of production to productive forces and enable positive and orderly interaction between the two.Blockchain... The modernization of national governance needs to be supported with modern technical tools to conform relations of production to productive forces and enable positive and orderly interaction between the two.Blockchain,as an emerging technology in the age of information,features distributed architecture,greater transparency,improved traceability and enhanced security.Blockchain’s consensus mechanism can be introduced into community governance mechanisms,which,by virtue of its marketoriented operation nature,helps define the respective functions of the government and market in the modernization of national governance.The application of blockchain technology to the national governance system enables stakeholders to seek consensus and the largest possible common interests to improve the national governance system and better achieve the governance goal,reduce governance costs,improve governance performance and meet the development needs of the times.Through a proper top-down design,China can effectively integrate blockchain technology into its national governance system and thereby efficiently advance the modernization of its national governance system and capacity.Still,due attention should be paid to blockchain’s possible technical risks and impact during the reform and modernization of national governance. 展开更多
关键词 blockchain national governance governance mechanism information deepening consensus mechanism
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Report on Progress in Implementation by the Chinese Government of the 1995 United Nations World Summiton Social Development(Part I) 被引量:1
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《International Understanding》 2000年第3期6-12,共7页
关键词 Part I Report on Progress in Implementation by the Chinese government of the 1995 United Nations World Summiton Social Development World
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Report on Progress in Implementation by the Chinese Government of the 1995 United Nations World Summit on Social Development (Part II)
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《International Understanding》 2000年第4期8-14,共7页
关键词 OVER Report on Progress in Implementation by the Chinese government of the 1995 United Nations World Summit on Social Development World
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Current status and future development of Chinese Government Public Information Online
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作者 LIANG Huiwei WANG Zhigeng 《Chinese Journal of Library and Information Science》 2010年第2期79-89,共11页
Since its launch last year, the Chinese Government Public Information Online(CGPIO) platform's basic construction has developed rapidly. This paper describes the technology and service status of the platform, anal... Since its launch last year, the Chinese Government Public Information Online(CGPIO) platform's basic construction has developed rapidly. This paper describes the technology and service status of the platform, analyzes its problems, and details the future development of the alliance platform in the future. 展开更多
关键词 government information national Library of China Chinese government Public Information Online national public library union for integration and services of government information
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The Challenge of Implementing Decentralization in Kenya: An Analysis of the Teething Problems Rocking the Implementation
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作者 Christopher M. Kimaru 《International Relations and Diplomacy》 2014年第7期417-424,共8页
Kenya promulgated her new constitution in 2010 and since then, there have been various political wrangles about its implementation. These wrangles started when the government drafted laws that sought to retain the Pro... Kenya promulgated her new constitution in 2010 and since then, there have been various political wrangles about its implementation. These wrangles started when the government drafted laws that sought to retain the Provincial Administration, which was meant to operate parallel to the structures under county governments. The opposition accused the government of undermining devolution and even of attempting to kill it. At the county level, there have been boycotts of sessions by County Assembly Members over salaries, and Governors continue to complain about inadequate financial resources to fulfill their mandates. This paper examines these wrangles to determine whether they are just teething problems or serious implementation problems needing redress. The analysis involves comparing Kenya's implementation to that of other African and Latin American countries that implemented their devolution earlier. 展开更多
关键词 DECENTRALIZATION devolution national government county governments
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China’s Fiscal Sustainable Development during the 14^(th) FYP Period
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作者 Yan Kun Bao Shuguang 《China Economist》 2022年第1期40-51,共12页
In the context of national governance,public finance is embedded into China’s economic,political,and social systems as a medium between various national subsystems.As such,fiscal sustainable development should be vie... In the context of national governance,public finance is embedded into China’s economic,political,and social systems as a medium between various national subsystems.As such,fiscal sustainable development should be viewed from a systematic and integrated perspective.This paper created an analytical framework consisting of three aspects:fiscal resource adequacy,institutional soundness and effectiveness,and external shocks.Chinese government has a relatively healthy balance sheet with adequate fiscal resources;however,it is faced with implicit debt risks and inefficiencies.China has initially established a basic fiscal framework with Chinese characteristics that are compatible with national governance,but problems remain in terms of fiscal responsibility,lawfulness,efficiency,fairness,and compatibility.When dealing with external shocks,policymakers should establish a clear fiscal policy rationale and approach based on the implications of fiscal sustainability.Fiscal sustainable development requires the strengthening of government capabilities to assess management and operation;thus,expanding available fiscal resources.Fiscal reforms should be expedited in order to create a modern fiscal system.Furthermore,a fiscal policy system should be developed and optimized according to the principles of fiscal sustainability in order to withstand external shocks. 展开更多
关键词 Fiscal sustainable development national governance high-quality development national balance sheet debt risk
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The Centenary of the CPC:Exploration and Improvement of Central-Local Economic Relationship
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作者 Zhou Wen Liu Shaoyang 《China Economist》 2021年第6期59-80,共22页
Decentralization is a global phenomenon,but growth is not.The economic relationship between central and local governments is an important yet unresolved question in China’s economic development.As a large country wit... Decentralization is a global phenomenon,but growth is not.The economic relationship between central and local governments is an important yet unresolved question in China’s economic development.As a large country with unbalanced political and economic development,China is faced with unbalanced and inadequate development as the primary constraint to meeting people’s ever-growing needs for a better life.The Communist Party of China(CPC)has been exploring to mobilize the initiatives of both central and local governments.During the planned economy era,China experienced a few rounds of centralization of economic powers but failed to strike a balance in maximizing the initiatives of both central and local governments.After the reform and opening up policy enacted in 1978,China’s central and local governments have succeeded in combining economic decentralization with administrative decentralization.China’s central government,local governments and enterprises have become resource allocation entities.China’s economic growth miracle has been driven by promoting the initiatives of central and local governments.Entering the new era,the central-local economic relationship represents an institutional strength of concentrating resources to accomplish great undertakings and leveraging the initiatives of both central and local governments.With the principal contradiction facing China’s development shifted into one between people’s growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development,the management of central and local government relationship has taken on greater theoretical significance and salient implications in the new era. 展开更多
关键词 economic relationship coordinated regional development fiscal and taxation system national governance system
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The Reforming Logic of State-owned Enterprise Corporate Governance:Proceeding from National Governance to Corporate Governance
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作者 JIANG Fuxiu WANG Ying 《Frontiers of Business Research in China》 2023年第1期27-62,共36页
The top-level design of national governance plays a leading role in reforming the corporate governance of state-owned enterprises(SOEs)at the micro level.Following the overall objectives of comprehensively deepening r... The top-level design of national governance plays a leading role in reforming the corporate governance of state-owned enterprises(SOEs)at the micro level.Following the overall objectives of comprehensively deepening reforms,this paper argues that the objective of SOEs corporate governance reform at this stage should be to improve and develop the SOEs corporate governance system with Chinese characteristics and modernize SOEs corporate governance system and governance capacity.To achieve this ambitious objective,this paper considers the theory of SOEs corporate governance with Chinese characteristics,and then explores the concrete manifestation and implementation pathway to the modernization of SOEs corporate governance system and governance capacity.This paper thus enriches the theory of corporate governance and provides insights into the newera SOEs corporate governance reform. 展开更多
关键词 national governance state-owned enterprises(SOEs) corporate governance modernization of governance system modernization of governance capacity
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Promoting Further Development through Communication and Cooperation
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作者 HONG LEI 《China Today》 2017年第5期17-23,共7页
OFFICIAL exchanges between China and the U.S.in 1979 were few.Today,however,they hold close,high-level exchanges and operate smooth dialogue mechanisms.The two nations have established over 100 inter-governmental dial... OFFICIAL exchanges between China and the U.S.in 1979 were few.Today,however,they hold close,high-level exchanges and operate smooth dialogue mechanisms.The two nations have established over 100 inter-governmental dialogue mechanisms,including the strategic dialogue, 展开更多
关键词 dialogue governmental exchanges cooperation bilateral operate nations committed mutual peace
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State Audit in the Modernization of National Governance: Institutional Guarantees and the Logic of Practice 被引量:2
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作者 刘家义 Li Changjiang 《Social Sciences in China》 2016年第4期5-21,共17页
The national audit is produced and developed to meet the objective requirements of national governance, and is a basic institutional arrangement within the governance system. In terms of its institutional attributes, ... The national audit is produced and developed to meet the objective requirements of national governance, and is a basic institutional arrangement within the governance system. In terms of its institutional attributes, legal status and functions, the national audit is the cornerstone of national governance and an important guarantee driving the modernization of governance. In this new historical era, the national audit needs to be appropriate to the new situation and new requirements of comprehensively deepening reform and enhancing the rule of law. We must accelerate the improvement of the audit system, enhance the breadth of coverage of audit supervision, comprehensively increase audit capacity, give greater effect to the functional role of audit and boost the modernization of the national governance system and governance capability. 展开更多
关键词 national audit national governance national governance capability rule of law
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National Governance Quotient: The Foundation of Big Data-based National Governance 被引量:1
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作者 江必新 邵长茂 Li Cunna 《Social Sciences in China》 2016年第1期25-40,共16页
A nation's rise or fall hinges, to some extent, upon its national governance quotient. National governance quotient, or NGQ, is a quantitative indicator measuring the governance level of a country in quotient form. I... A nation's rise or fall hinges, to some extent, upon its national governance quotient. National governance quotient, or NGQ, is a quantitative indicator measuring the governance level of a country in quotient form. Its value is the ratio of the national governance system and capacity to national governance costs, and its nature is that of an amalgam of national governance ideas and techniques quantified on the basis of the figures. It is advanced because its inner core lies in logic and computation, and it is scientific because it is guaranteed by technology platforms such as big data and cloud computing. The formulation of NGQ provides technical support and a basis for the transformation from experiential or experimental governance to quantitative, scientific governance, and it thus has great theoretical and practical significance for the modernization of national governance system and capacity. As well as being used to provide quantitative management of national governance modernization, NGQ can also be used as a measurement standard and key symbol for evaluating the modernization of China's national governance by 2020.Furthermore, it can be used to compile a World NGQ Report with the aim of taking hold of international governance discourse, as well as to compile China local NGQ reports to improve local governance in China. 展开更多
关键词 national governance national governance system national governance capacity national governance costs national governance quotient
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Research on the national climate governance system toward carbon neutrality-A critical literature review 被引量:2
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作者 Xian-Chun Tan Yi Wang +2 位作者 Bai-He Gu Ling-Si Kong An Zeng 《Fundamental Research》 CAS 2022年第3期384-391,共8页
Global climate governance has entered the era of carbon neutrality,as a growing number of countries have set the goal of carbon neutrality for long-term emissions reduction toward the mid-21st century.In 2020,China al... Global climate governance has entered the era of carbon neutrality,as a growing number of countries have set the goal of carbon neutrality for long-term emissions reduction toward the mid-21st century.In 2020,China also pledged itself to the goal of carbon neutrality,which creates an urgent demand for this country to establish a systematic and integrated national climate governance system.Against this background,this paper conducts a systematic literature review of climate governance systems from the perspectives of top-level design and the governance paradigm to bring insights into climate governance toward carbon neutrality.The results show that although there are interactions between decarbonization and other environmental,social and economic fields,research gaps still exist when enhancing climate governance toward carbon neutrality.For example,issues regarding incorporating climate factors into the overall economic and social layout,strengthening the capacity of data collection relevant to climate adaptation,integrating climate mitigation and adaption actions,as well as connecting domestic climate governance and international cooperation,need to be further addressed.In addition,within the national governance system,studies combining both regional and sectoral concerns and the intertemporal dynamic allocation mechanism need to be further addressed when China decomposes its national climate target.Moreover,the division of power between the central government and local government,as well as the communication scheme between government and non-state actors,also turns out to be important for effective governance.Based on this analysis,policy implications are further proposed for China’s formulation and implementation of long-term strategies of climate governance toward carbon neutrality. 展开更多
关键词 Carbon neutrality national climate governance system Top-level design Governance paradigm Climate adaptation
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A National Governance Perspective on the Transformation of Rural Property Rights: The Chinese Experience 被引量:1
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作者 Deng Dacai 《Social Sciences in China》 2018年第1期50-64,共15页
Property rights have multiple attributes, and these are correlated with national governance. In the West, property rights have the economic function of maximizing efficiency and the political function of rights protec... Property rights have multiple attributes, and these are correlated with national governance. In the West, property rights have the economic function of maximizing efficiency and the political function of rights protection, but in China, they also have a strong social character. With the modernization of national governance, these functions interact with and transform each other. When the state's ability to supply public goods is relatively weak, property rights take on more of a social character, meeting public demand for welfare at the grassroots level. When the state is better able to provide public goods, the social function of property rights lessens as their economic function grows. The social character of property rights was the institutional foundation for China, as a huge agrarian state, to realize "governance through inaction," and at the same time was the secret key that could break the code to the millennial continuity of Chinese agrarian civilization. Reforms including the collectivization of rural property rights after 1949, the "separation of two rights" (to collective ownership and household contracted land, with a focus on the latter), and the "separation of three rights," (to collective ownership, household contracts and revitalized land management). These changes constitute a process in which the economic function of property rights has been growing while their social character has lessened under conditions of national governance modernization. 展开更多
关键词 national governance national governance capacity property rights attributes economic function of property rights social function of property rights
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The Reordering of Relationship and the Shaping of a National Governance Structure in China 被引量:1
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作者 He Yanling Gong Huayan 《Social Sciences in China》 2020年第1期38-58,共21页
Various government documents tend to put the reordering of relationship together with institutional reform and functional transformation.If we fail to understand this important issue,we will be unable to understand Ch... Various government documents tend to put the reordering of relationship together with institutional reform and functional transformation.If we fail to understand this important issue,we will be unable to understand China’s national governance system.The reordering of relationship has four dimensions:government and market;central and local government;the economy and society;and government and society.The routes to this reordering can be divided into separation,retention and postponement.On the one hand,the conflicts between these routes have affected China’s national governance structure,so that it seeks a balance between closure and opening up;on the other,the course taken by the reordering of relationship is rooted in the demands for generality and modernity that coexist within China’s national governance.One could say that the straightening out of relationship has reshaped the distinctive features of this governance.In the course of continuous reordering,some of its important elements have undergone a crucial change.From the perspective of the reordering of relationship,the openness with which these relations have been absorbed into a larger system is crucial to the future transformation of China’s national governance. 展开更多
关键词 reordering of relationship national governance system governance structure
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Construction of Chinese Judicial Power from the Perspective of National Governance
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作者 沈德咏 曹士兵 +1 位作者 施新州 Liu Hao 《Social Sciences in China》 2016年第3期5-23,共19页
The Chinese national governance system includes the Party's governing system, the People's Congress system, the administrative system, the court system and the procuratorate. Judicial power is neutral, passive, inde... The Chinese national governance system includes the Party's governing system, the People's Congress system, the administrative system, the court system and the procuratorate. Judicial power is neutral, passive, independent and final, features that reflect the irreplaceable nature of its role in national governance. The growth of judicial power is diachronic, complex and evolutionary, which means that its construction will be a tortuous and difficult process. Given the limitations of the functions of judicial power in China and their immediate results, we should fix our gaze on the construction of a socialist country under the rule of law and the optimization of the structure and functions of our national governance system by taking checks and balance as the principle in the allocation of judicial power, taking rights protection as the heart of the operation of judicial power, taking harmonious operation as the standard for guaranteeing judicial power, and cultivating legal culture as the foundation supporting judicial power. In optimizing national governance itself, we should strengthen its functions of adaptation, integration, goal attainment and latency. 展开更多
关键词 national governance judicial power legal culture system construction
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Global Governance and National Governance:Two Strategic Considerations by Contemporary China 被引量:1
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作者 Cai Tuo 《Peace》 2016年第4期19-26,共8页
Preface Since the 1980s,governance has increasingly penetrated into the theory and practice of human activities,and has undoubtedly obtained the theoretical status as the concepts of globalization,global issues,public... Preface Since the 1980s,governance has increasingly penetrated into the theory and practice of human activities,and has undoubtedly obtained the theoretical status as the concepts of globalization,global issues,public administration,public management, 展开更多
关键词 Global Governance and national Governance
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Revelations of Muhammad Ali’s Reform for Egyptian National Governance
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作者 PAN Guang 《Asian Journal of Middle Eastern and Islamic Studies》 2013年第4期17-35,I0002,共20页
This paper conducts an in-depth study on Muhammad Ali’s reform which plays an important role in the history of Egypt or even the whole Middle East,and holds that the reform may reveal the following features:1)Only by... This paper conducts an in-depth study on Muhammad Ali’s reform which plays an important role in the history of Egypt or even the whole Middle East,and holds that the reform may reveal the following features:1)Only by opening up and keeping up with the times can ancient civilizations thrive;2)Without the unity of the state and the centralization of power,reforms can never be implemented,nor can development be achieved;3)Economic revitalization is the cornerstone of reforms and development;4)Development of culture and education lays the foundations for the sustainable political,economic and other development,even the national rejuvenation;5)Personal dictatorship and external expansion always hamper the positive trend of reform. 展开更多
关键词 Muhammad Ali Egyptian Politics national Governance Arab Countries
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The New Concept, New Thought and New Strategy for National Governance Highlight Scientific Thinking
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作者 Li Jianhua 《Peace》 2017年第3期38-42,37,共6页
Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,Comrade Xi Jinping pools the wisdom of the Communist Party of China(Party for short),focusing on the overall issues,core issues,and key issues under the new situation of uph... Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC,Comrade Xi Jinping pools the wisdom of the Communist Party of China(Party for short),focusing on the overall issues,core issues,and key issues under the new situation of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics,has made a series of important speeches,proposed a complete set of strategy for national governing,thus。 展开更多
关键词 CPC The New Concept New Thought and New Strategy for national Governance Highlight Scientific Thinking
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