Spatial Pattern Evolution and Industrial Characteristics of Economic and Technological Development Zones and High-tech Industrial Zones in China

Economic and technological development zone and high-tech industrial zone are important types of development zone in China,and there are differences in their connotation and goal setting.In this paper,basic data of national and provincial economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in China were collected and arranged.Kernel density analysis and other GIS spatial analysis techniques were used to analyze the evolution laws of spatial patterns of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in cities from 2006 to 2018.First,the agglomeration intensity was compared by measuring the degree of regional agglomeration and dispersion on the two time nodes.Next,kernel density method was used to explore the evolution of the two in the spatial layout and location,and analyze development commonness and difference of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones.Finally,the trend and reason of spatial evolution of development zones with different leading industries were explored.Research results show that:①the agglomeration degree of layout of high-tech industrial zones is stronger than that of economic and technological development zones,and there are similarities and differences in distribution trend of spatial patterns of the two types of development zones;②the distribution of labor-intensive,capital-intensive and technology-intensive development zones is concentrated at smaller scales and dispersed at larger ones;③although there are differences between the economic and technological development zones and the high-tech industrial zones in the goal,support,structure and function,management system and so on,their spatial development presents a trend of convergence.In the future,when enhancing urban-rural planning and public administration,governments should combine the trend of industrial transformation and upgrading,and optimize spatial layout of development zones by adjusting industrial structure,layout,transportation and land use.

A Study of the Industrial Development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone

This paper illustrates the current situation and problems concerning the industrial structure in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone,and analyzes the internal contradictions that exist in industry: small-scale land operation has become an inherent obstacle to the industrial development in Agricultural High-tech Zone; farmers are always in a passive position in industrial restructuring optimization; government's policy failures and rent-seeking behaviors have hindered industrial development; the research,popularization and application of agricultural science and technology is not suited to industrial development requirements. Finally,this paper makes the corresponding recommendations for industrial development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone.

High-tech Industrial Development Zones in Nanjing,Suzhou,Changzhou and Wuxi

Nanjing High-tech Industrial Devel-opment Zone It is a state-level high-tech in-dustrial development zone approved by theState Council, with an area of 16.5 sq km,comprising seven sq km of industrial area,five sq km of Taiwan invested area, three sqkm of university teaching and scientificresearch area and 1.5 sq km of compositeservice area. The development zone is 13.5 kmfrom the city center, with convenient trafficconditions, three state highways and a pro-

Characteristics and Development Modes of Standardization forChina's National High-Tech Zones:A Review

Indigenous innovation focused on the development of technical standards has become the core of China's innovation policy,since China released the "Outline of the National Program for Longand Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development (2006-2020)" in 2006.Meanwhile,standardization issues are greatly emphasized by high-tech zones which serve as the major carriers of national economic growth as well as innovation clusters in the context of fast-growing international standardization.By means of the effective guide of the government,the standardization of high-tech zones in China now presents a wide range of operating modes.Specifically,they can be divided predominantly into the government promotion mode,the alliance collaboration mode,the research-standard-industry linkage mode,and the talent training mode,in terms of the main body of work and influence factors.

The Impact of the Establishment of National High-tech Zones on Total Factor Productivity of Chinese Enterprises

The National High-tech Zone(NHTZs)is an important strategic platform for cultivating high-tech industries and realizing high-quality economic development in China.Based on the combined data from 2006 to 2014 of the industrial enterprise database,the customs database,and the China Development Zones Audit and Announcement Catalogue(abbreviated asthe Catalogue),this paper systematically investigates the influence of the construction of NHTZs on enterprise’s total factor productivity(TFP).Results show that NHTZs have a positive impact on the TFP of enterprises in the zone,and this conclusion is still valid after considering endogeneity problems.Furthermore,the above productivity effects of NHTZs are heterogeneous in terms of enterprise ownership,external environment and establishment time,and NHTZs have greater stimulation effects on enterprise productivity after comparing with other types of functional zones.An investigation of the specific mechanisms at play shows that NHTZs promote the TFP of enterprises in the zone through the release of preferential policies,strengthening the“technology spillover effects”of imported intermediate goods,enhancing enterprise’s innovation ability and attracting talent.In addition,based on the decomposition of industry productivity,this paper also investigates the impact of NHTZs on changes in industry productivity and finds that NHTZs promote the overall productivity of specific industries mainly by stimulating the productivity improvement of incumbent enterprises and expanding the market share of high-productivity enterprises.Moreover,the preferential policies of NHTZs do not significantly stimulate high-productivity enterprises to enter the zones,nor do they cause low-productivity enterprises to exit.This research is helpful in objectively evaluating the economic effects of the NHTZs in China and in providing a theoretical basis for its further adjustment.

Economic Development Strategies and Optimization of High-tech Development Zones from the Perspective of"Four-transform and Three-famous":Taking Nanchang High-tech Development Zone as an Example

In recent years,high-tech development zones(hi-tech zones)have always occupied a very important position in the strategy of promoting China's innovative development.The combination of the"four-transform and three-famous"coordinated economic development strategy pioneered by Zhejiang Province in 2015 and the coordinated economic development of high-tech zones is particularly important for modern China at a critical time for innovative economic development.In this article,based on the research on the coordination mechanism of economic activities and development of Nanchang High-tech Zone,the development course of high-tech zones in China is elaborated,the early economic models in high-tech zones of Nanchang and China are analyzed,the existing problems in the structure of economic development of high-tech zones are analyzed in depth,the main driving factors for promoting the economic development of high-tech zones are studied from the aspects of capital,space,industry,economic model,etc.,and corresponding development strategies for high-tech development zones in China are proposed.

Planning mode and realization path of regional characteristic ecoindustrial park

Starting from the regional characteristic industrial park planning plan,a horizontal comparison of domestic and foreign typical urban regional industrial park planning cases is carried out,and the commonalities characteristics are analyzed to explore the regularity and universality of the Tonghua urban characteristic industrial park.Under the guiding principles for planning and development of ecological industrial parks,the city’s resource advantages,industry goals and positioning are studied and analyzed from the perspectives of the government,market,and enterprises.It is pointed out that the government should formulate policies,regulations and the construction of characteristic industrial parks in combination with new planning methods.The market should build industrial parks with the support of industrial stimulus and technological innovation.Finally,it summarizes the realization path of regional characteristic industrial parks from five aspects:positioning and goals,ways to achieve goals,profit models,customers and values,basic advantages and exclusive resources.

国家自主创新示范区设立与服务贸易高质量发展

自主创新是实现企业高质量发展、提升国际竞争力的必由之路。基于1997—2021年中国省级数据,使用合成控制法和双重差分法实证分析了国家自主创新示范区设立对服务贸易高质量发展的影响及其机制。研究发现,国家自主创新示范区设立能显著促进服务贸易高质量发展,且通过技术创新和产业结构升级促进了服务贸易高质量发展。异质性分析发现,相较于中西部地区,国家自主创新示范区设立对服务贸易高质量发展的促进作用在东部地区更大。因此,中国应继续鼓励国家自主创新示范区扩围发展,加快科技成果转化,中西部地区要大力发展科技服务业,以促进服务贸易高质量发展。

国家重点森林生态功能区产业生态化水平测度与产业-生态的协调发展

以9个国家重点森林生态功能区作为实证研究区域,构建产业化和生态化两个子系统及产业生态化系统发展水平评价指标体系,运用熵值法、耦合协调度模型、剪刀差模型、耦合度模型、Dagum基尼系数和MGWR模型等方法,从县域尺度测度生态功能区建设12年来产业化水平、生态化水平及产业生态化水平发展变化,分析产业化、生态化两个子系统协调发展水平、发展速度差异及动态演化趋势,剖析影响产业生态化发展因素为产业生态化健康发展提供科学支撑。结果表明:(1)12年间产业生态化呈低水平的小幅上升态势,9个功能区间的最大差距呈先下降后上升的波动发展态势。不同功能区间产业生态化水平及产业化水平、生态化水平差异均较大,不同功能区产业生态化水平发展变化的主要内部动因存在较大差异;产业化水平和生态化水平总体均呈小幅上升态势,产业化总体水平低于生态化水平,9个功能区间的最大差距均呈先下降收敛后上升发散的态势;产业生态化、产业化、生态化水平均表现为前一阶段增长快于后一阶段,且后一阶段增速下滑幅度大。(2)12年间产业化与生态化系统二者协调度实现由初级协调到中级协调的提升,9个功能区间协调水平最大差距呈持续上升发展态势。186个县域样本总体协调水平分布呈以初级、中级协调为主,濒临失调、勉强协调和良好协调县份少的“纺锤”形态;产业化增长速率快于生态化增长速率,产业化与生态化发展速率的剪刀差呈小幅下降态势,产业化与生态化发展间差异逐渐缩小,趋向于共同发展阶段。(3)城镇化率、人口密度、人均城乡居民储蓄存款余额、第三产业增加值/第二产业增加值、财政自给率、城镇居民人均可支配收入、每万人医院和卫生院床位数对产业生态化水平呈正向影响,且城镇化率为影响产业生态化水平的正向主导因素。

国家级承接产业转移示范区的低碳发展效应研究——以大湘西地区为例

基于2013—2022年大湘西地区各市(州)数据,采用双重差分模型,检验国家级承接产业转移示范区建设对大湘西地区低碳发展的影响。研究表明,国家级承接产业转移示范区有利于大湘西地区的低碳发展,且通过绿色技术创新投入和提升政府对低碳发展的关注度,有利于促进大湘西地区的低碳发展。

大数据战略对制造业高质量发展的影响研究

文章以国家级大数据综合试验区的设立作为准自然试验,考察大数据战略对制造业高质量发展的影响、作用机制以及空间效应。研究发现:国家级大数据综合试验区建设整体上促进了制造业高质量发展,且对邻近地区的制造业高质量发展具有空间溢出效应;试验区建设通过改善资本要素错配促进制造业高质量发展,而劳动力要素错配的中介作用不显著;产业结构升级增强了试验区建设推动制造业高质量发展的正向促进作用;在技术创新、互联网和人力资本发展水平高的地区试验区建设对区域内制造业高质量发展的积极作用更明显。

开发区再开发路径研究--以南京高新区为例

开发区建成区的再开发是促进我国城市空间的集约利用和建设低碳城市的一条重要途径。论文从当前开发区转型发展的背景出发．立足我国东部沿海地区的开发区再开发实践．提出产业优化提升、功能转型升级，空间集约利用及建筑改造再利用等是实现开发区再开发的有效途径并对上述不同的再开发途径的开发机制与策略进行了简要分析。最后以南京高新区为例，对其再开发实践进行了总结，对下一步再开发的方向进行了展望。

地理国情普查成果应用实践与探索

分析了地理国情普查和监测的内涵、意义及其成果、产品,并针对当前的热点问题,对地理国情普查成果的应用进行了探索,为确立测绘地理信息部门新的发展方向奠定了良好的研究基础。

源于区位与城市政治级别差异的经营效率及创新效率背反——基于SBM模型的我国国家级高新区效率解构

利用非径向、非角度的SBM测量了我国54个国家级高新区2007-2011年的经营效率和创新效率,研究发现高新区的经营效率与创新效率在区位和所处城市级别上存在背反。通过Tobit回归分析发现经营效率与贸易开放度和企业规模正相关,与工资水平负相关;创新效率与基础设施、工资和高等院校数量正相关,与企业规模和科技研发强度负相关。

张江国家自主创新示范区产业结构及空间联系优化研究

张江国家自主创新示范区是上海实施创新驱动发展战略,建设全球有影响力科创中心的重要抓手。应用产业结构相似度和修正引力模型等研究方法,从微观企业视角对张江示范区22个分园的产业结构特征和空间经济联系格局进行刻画与分析,结果发现:①张江示范区22个分园产业结构差异明显,第二、三产业呈现出典型的"核心-边缘"空间布局形态,分园间产业同构程度总体较弱;②张江示范区各分园区空间联系呈现显著的空间分异特征,以空间弱联系和一般联系为主导,较强联系和强联系数量较少;③张江示范区已形成"一主(核心园)"、"三副(杨浦园、闵行园、金桥园)"为核心的空间经济联系格局,而奉贤园、临港园、世博园、静安园、崇明园在整体空间联系网络格局中处于边缘地位。促进作为多中心创新区域示范区协同发展,需要聚焦战略性新兴产业,提高园区之间的产业结构相似度,打造示范区高新技术产业体系和创新集群;聚焦边缘性分园发展,优化示范区空间网络结构;着力强化沪西南创新带的互动联系,对接杭州科创大走廊,促进长三角创新创业一体化发展。

国家级高新区产业集聚路径分析——以大庆高新区石油石化装备产业为例

国家级高新区在我国经济社会发展中占有重要地位,研究国家级高新区产业集聚的路径对于分析我国产业结构调整、经济发展方式转变具有重要意义。以大庆高新区石油石化装备产业为例,探讨市场需求、外部规模经济、地方政府政策对国家级高新区产业集聚的重要作用,重点讨论地方政府作为"资源整合者"对产业集聚乃至经济发展起到的重要作用。

地区专业化与产业结构趋同——以国家级开发区为例

按照国家级开发区进行分类,对我国几大产业的主要生产区和其他地区的专业化程度进行度量,并分析国家级开发区的产业结构趋同程度。结果表明,传统产业虽然生产集中,但是专业化生产程度并不高;生物医药产业虽然在全国都有分布,但是专业化生产主要集中在某些地区;数字技术、海洋产业、物联网和创意文化等产业的地理集中和专业化程度相吻合。在战略性新兴产业方面,国家级开发区存在明显的产业结构趋同现象。

高新技术产业集群创新能力研究——以部分省会城市高新区为例

数据包络分析在多个输入、多个输出情形下的投入产出效率分析中多有应用,并可进行规模效应分析。以部分省会城市的国家高新区为样本,采用其2008年度财务数据,用数据包络分析方法,对高新区的高新技术产业集群创新能力进行实证分析。得出石家庄国家高新区高新技术产业集群创新能力的培养,应该加大投入力度,吸引高难度科技人才,加强企业与海外市场联系,促进产品的出口创汇。

国家自创区政策效应、产业结构合理化与高级化实证研究

中国经济高质量发展迫切要求产业结构优化升级,而国家自创区是完善区域创新系统和促进产业结构优化的重要国家战略,驱动着经济高质量发展。本文利用2007—2016年中国265个地级市的面板数据,结合理论分析并采用双重差分法研究国家自创区的设立对产业结构合理化和高级化的政策影响,并进行了异质性分析。研究发现:自创区能显著促进产业结构合理化,但是对产业结构高级化有显著的抑制作用,尤其是东部地区国家自创区对产业结构高级化的抑制效应非常明显。更重要的是,国家自创区对产业结构转型升级的影响具有显著的成长周期异质性,这是本文的重要创新发现。因此,各自创区需合理规划产业集群体系,特别是西部产业集群,在自创区的制度平台效应下,创新企业、人才、各类平台和机构的协同创新行为促进产业结构升级和经济高质量发展。

高新区比经开区更利于地区工业减排吗?——来自地级市准自然实验的证据

利用2003-2015年中国206个地级市的面板数据,使用双重差分模型及倾向匹配得分法对比研究了国家级高新区与国家级经开区对地区工业排污强度的影响。结果表明:高新区明显抑制了地区工业排污的强度,而经开区则一定程度上加剧了污染;进一步分析则说明上述结果产生的重要原因是高新区带来的大量科技创新有效地减弱了工业排污强度。在此基础上,从工业减排角度对提升产业园区准入门槛、加速转型升级、优化组织结构等提出政策建议。