Can Microalgae Act as Source of Preservatives in Food Chain？

Microalgae are a potential source for various valuable chemicals for commercial applications ranging from nutraceuticals to fuels. This review aims to focus on microalgal as preservative potential to food chain. The main compounds responsible for these properties, like carotenoids, phenolic compounds, antioxidant vitamins, sterols and polyunsaturated fatty acids are discussed because microalgae can be cultivated under controlled conditions to improve their production. We have listed several studies performed in recent years supporting the health benefits that most of these compounds can provide. Therefore, they may represent an excellent source of preservatives in food chain once their safety as a food supplement has been also confirmed.

Terminalia arjuna:A novel natural preservative for improved lipid oxidative stability and storage quality of muscle foods

The study was conducted to explore the possibility of utilization of Terminalia arjuna as a novel natural preservative in meat products by using chevon sausages as a model system.Chevon sausages were prepared by incorporating different levels of T.arjuna viz.T1(0.25%),T2(0.50%)and T3(0.75%)and were assessed for various lipid oxidative stability and storage quality parameters under refrigerated(4±1◦C)conditions.T.arjuna showed a significant(p<0.05)effect on the lipid oxidative stability as the treated products exhibited significantly(p<0.05)lower TBARS(mg malonaldehyde/kg)values in comparison to control.A significant(p<0.05)effect was also observed on the microbial stability as T.arjuna incorporated products showed significantly(p<0.05)lower values for total plate count(log cfu/g),psychrophilic count(log cfu/g),yeast and mould count(log cfu/g)and FFA(%oleic acid)values.Significantly(p<0.05)higher scores were observed for various sensory parameters of the products incorporated with T.arjuna during refrigerated storage.T.arjuna successfully improved the lipid oxidative stability and storage quality of the model meat product and may be commercially exploited as a novel preservative in muscle foods.

Predicting Potential Distribution of Tibetan Spruce (Picea smithiana) in Qomolangma (Mount Everest) National Nature Preserve Using Maximum Entropy Niche-based Model

Tibetan spruce (Picea smithiana) is an endemic species of the Himalayas,and it distributes only in a re-stricted area with very low number.To address the lack of detailed distributional information,we used maximum en-tropy (Maxent) niche-based model to predict the species' potential distribution from limited occurrence-only records.The location data of P.smithiana,relative bioclimatic variables,vegetation data,digital elevation model (DEM),and the derived data were analyzed in Maxent.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to assess the prediction accuracy.The Maxent jackknife test was performed to quantify the training gains from data layers and the response of P.smithiana distribution to four typical environmental variables was analyzed.Results show that the model performs well at the regional scale.There is a potential for continued expansion of P.smithiana population numbers and distribution in China.P.smithiana potentially distributes in the lower reaches of Gyirong Zangbo and Poiqu rivers in Gyirong and Nyalam counties in Qomolangma (Mount Everest) National Nature Preserve (QNNP),China.The species prefers warm temperate climate in mountain area and mainly distributes in needle-leaved evergreen closed to open forest and mixed forest along the river valley at relatively low altitudes of about 2000-3000 m.Model simulations suggest that distribution patterns of rare species with few species numbers can be well predicted by Max-ent.

The Register and Characteristics of Chinese Key Protected Wild Plants in Dabie Mountains National Nature Preserve, Hubei Province

A study was conducted on the newly promulgated key protected wild plants distributed in the Dabie Mountains National Nature Reserve in Hubei in 2021.According to statistics,Dabie Mountains National Nature Reserve of Hubei Province has a total of 41 species of wild plants under national key protection,including 7 species in the first class and 34 species in the second class.Among them,6 are cultivated species,4 in the first class,and 2 species in the second class.The characteristics of Chinese key protected wild plants in the Dabie Mountains National Nature Reserve in Hubei Province were analyzed.

A Deep-Ecological Reading of William Wordsworth＇s Poetry

From the 1960s, the increasingly serious ecological crisis gave rise to ecocriticism. William Wordsworth （1770-1850）, a representative of romantic poets, composes substantial poems to eulogize nature and to encourage equality and harmony between nature and human beings. From the angle of deep ecology, a branch of ecological study, this paper aims to analyze the ecological consciousness conveyed in Wordsworth＇s poetry. It analyzes the adverse impacts of industrialization on nature and man in Wordsworth＇s poetry. It elaborates further on ecological thoughts in Wordsworth＇s poetry. And finally, it summarizes how Wordsworth criticizes industrialization in his poetry and how he expresses his ecological thoughts--ecological equilibrium, social equality and harmony, and nature preservation

Geotourism in the Salesopolis-Caraguatatuba Trail,Sao Paulo,Brazil:A Possibility to Utilize Geological Elements for Sustainable Development

The Salesópolis-Caraguatatuba trail lies slightly more than 130 km to ESE from the Sao Paulo city, and it is fully inserted within the Atlantic Forest. The region is particularly interesting because it brings together a complex lithological association and an exuberant topographical expression. A set of geological and geomorphological elements with high potentiality for the sustainable tourism development is documented in this paper. The geosites provide a wide variety of attraction, including valleys, streams, waterfalls and the unusual shapes of rocks. In each one of those outcrops, the visitors will have an exceptional opportunity for a better understanding about the processes that control the landscape evolution. In accordance with the new conception of geotourism, and taking as a basis the concepts of the geoscience for a rereading and interpretation of the several aspects of space and landscape, the sites catalogued should enable a new insight to increase environmental awareness of the local community, and, mainly, to encourage an innovative form of economic activity that has as a fundamental principle the nature preservation.

Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Urban Remnant Natural Area: A Case study of Shanghai, China

Urban remnant natural area (URNA), located in the urban or suburb area, less disturbed by dwellers in the process of urbanization, is an important part of complex urban ecosystem and provides significant opportunity for urban sustainable development. Despite that there is a considerable amount of scientific researches on the urban nature in urban and suburb area, the comprehensive research of URNA is still rare. After analyzing the concept and value of URNA, this paper presented a methodology for comprehensive evaluation of URNA by adopting methods of document analysis, prior-selection process, analytic hierarchy process and vector resemblance-degree. As a result, the comprehensive evaluation index of URNA includes target level A, rule level B(ecological environment value, ecological recreation value, social culture value, scientific research value), index level C( diversity,singularity,nature,area,stability,recreation,landscape element,aesthetics,history,scientific), and index level D(20 items). Each index weight of comprehensive evaluation system of URNA of Shanghai was confirmed finally.

David's Deer Natural Preserve

China is the ground for championing the survival of David’s deer. In ten years, the number of the endangered deer has increased six times, creating three world records of the number for David’s deer living in the wild, the species’ fertility rate and survival Located in Dafeng County, Jiangsu Province. David’s Deer Natural Preserve covers 1.000 hectares of land Established in 1986 under the sponsorship of the World Nature Fund and

Glacial change in the vicinity of Mt. Qomolangma （Everest）, central high Himalayas since 1976

Glaciers are one of the most important land covers in alpine regions and especially sensitive to global climate change. Remote sensing has proved to be the best method of investigating the extent of glacial variations in remote mountainous areas. Using Landsat thematic mapping （TM） and multi-spectral-scanner （MSS） images from Mt. Qomolangma （Everest） National Nature Preserve （QNNP）, central high Himalayas for 1976, 1988 and 2006 we derived glacial extent for these three periods. A combination of object-oriented image interpretation methods, expert knowledge rules and field surveys were employed. Results showed that （1） the glacial area in 2006 was 2710.17 ＋ 0.011 km2 （about 7.41% of the whole study area）, and located mainly to the south and between 4700 m to 6800 m above sea level; （2） from 1976 to 2006, glaciers reduced by 501.91± 0.035 km2 and glacial lakes expanded by 36.88 ＋ 0.035 kin2; the rate of glacier retreat was higher in sub-basins on the southern slopes （16.79%） of the Himalayas than on the northern slopes （14.40%）; most glaciers retreated, and mainly occurred at an elevation of 4700-6400 m, and the estimated upper limit of the retreat zone is between 6600 m and 6700 m; （3） increase in temperature and decrease in precipitation over the study period are the key factors driving retreat.