The isolation of minor components from complex natural product matrices presents a significant challenge in the field of purification science due to their low concentrations and the presence of structurally similar co...The isolation of minor components from complex natural product matrices presents a significant challenge in the field of purification science due to their low concentrations and the presence of structurally similar compounds.This study introduces an optimized twin-column recycling chromatography method for the efficient and simultaneous purification of these elusive constituents.By introducing water at a small flowing rate between the twin columns,a step solvent gradient is created,by which the leading edge of concentration band would migrate at a slower rate than the trailing edge as it flowing from the upstream to downstream column.Hence,the band broadening is counterbalanced,resulting in an enrichment effect for those minor components in separation process.Herein,two target substances,which showed similar peak position in high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and did not exceed 1.8%in crude paclitaxel were selected as target compounds for separation.By using the twin-column recycling chromatography with a step solvent gradient,a successful purification was achieved in getting the two with the purity almost 100%.We suggest this method is suitable for the separation of most components in natural produces,which shows higher precision and recovery rate compared with the common lab-operated separation ways for natural products(thin-layer chromatography and prep-HPLC).展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains a prevalent and challenging malignancy globally,characterized by its numerous causal factors and generally unfavorable prognosis.In the relentless pursuit of effective treatment mo...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains a prevalent and challenging malignancy globally,characterized by its numerous causal factors and generally unfavorable prognosis.In the relentless pursuit of effective treatment modalities,natural products have emerged as a promising and relatively non-toxic alternative,garnering significant interest.The integration of natural products with contemporary medical research has yielded encouraging therapeutic outcomes in the management of HCC.This review offers a comprehensive overview of the causal factors underlying HCC,and the diverse treatment options available,and highlights the advancements made by natural products in anti-HCC research.Particularly,we provide an outline of the various types of natural products,their corresponding nomenclature,target molecules,and mechanisms of action that exhibit anti-HCC activities.Natural products are anticipated to play a pivotal role in future comprehensive treatment plans for liver cancer,potentially offering patients improved survival rates and an enhanced quality of life.展开更多
Esophageal cancer(ESC)is a malignant tumor that originates from the mucosal epithelium of the esophagus and is part of the digestive tract.Although the exact pathogenesis of ESC has not been fully elucidated,excessive...Esophageal cancer(ESC)is a malignant tumor that originates from the mucosal epithelium of the esophagus and is part of the digestive tract.Although the exact pathogenesis of ESC has not been fully elucidated,excessive oxidative stress is an important characteristic that leads to the development of many cancers.Abnormal expression of several proteins and transcription factors contributes to oxidative stress in ESCs,which alters the growth and proliferation of ESCs and promotes their metastasis.Natural compounds,including alkaloids,terpenes,polyphenols,and xanthine compounds,can inhibit reactive oxygen species production in ESCs.These compounds reduce oxidative stress levels and subsequently inhibit the oc-currence and progression of ESC through the regulation of targets and pathways such as the cytokine interleukins 6 and 10,superoxide dismutase,the NF-+ACY-kappa+ADs-B/MAPK pathway,and the mammalian Nrf2/ARE target pathway.Thus,targeting tumor oxidative stress has become a key focus in anti-ESC therapy.This review discusses the potential of Natural products(NPs)for treating ESCs and summarizes the application prospects of oxidative stress as a new target for ESC treatment.The findings of this review provide a reference for drug development targeting ESCs.Nonetheless,further high-quality studies will be necessary to determine the clinical efficacy of these various NPs.展开更多
Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a complicated,globally expanding disease that is influenced by hereditary and environmental variables.Changes in modern society’s food choices,physical inactivity,and obesity are significant f...Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a complicated,globally expanding disease that is influenced by hereditary and environmental variables.Changes in modern society’s food choices,physical inactivity,and obesity are significant factors in the development of type 2 DM(T2DM).The association between changes in intestinal flora and numerous disorders,including obesity,diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases,has been studied in recent years.The purpose of this review is to analyze the mechanisms underlying the alteration of the diabetic patients’intestinal flora,as well as their therapeutic choices.Also included is a summary of the antidiabetic benefits of natural compounds demonstrated by studies.The short-chain fatty acids theory,the bile acid theory,and the endotoxin theory are all potential methods by which intestinal flora contributes to the establishment and progression of T2DM.Due to an intestinal flora imbalance,abnormalities in shortchain fatty acids and secondary bile acids have been found in diabetic patients.Additionally,metabolic endotoxemia with altering flora induces a systemic inflammatory response by stimulating the immune system via bacterial translocation.The agenda for diabetes treatment includes the use of short-chain fatty acids,probiotics,prebiotics in the diet,fecal bacteria transplantation,and antibiotics.Animal studies have proven the antidiabetic benefits of numerous bioactive substances,including Flavonoids,Alkaloids,Saponin,and Allicin.However,further research is required to contribute to the treatment of diabetes.展开更多
Liver cancer is a severe concern for public health officials since the clinical cases are increasing each year,with an estimated 5-year survival rate of 30%–35%after diagnosis.Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)constitutes...Liver cancer is a severe concern for public health officials since the clinical cases are increasing each year,with an estimated 5-year survival rate of 30%–35%after diagnosis.Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)constitutes a significant subtype of liver cancer(approximate75%)and is considered primary liver cancer.Treatment for liver cancer mainly depends on the stage of its progression,where surgery including,hepatectomy and liver transplantation,and ablation and radiotherapy are the prime choice.For advanced liver cancer,various drugs and immunotherapy are used as first-line treatment,whereas second-line treatment includes chemotherapeutic drugs from natural and synthetic origins.Sorafenib and lenvatinib are first-line therapies,while regorafenib and ramucirumab are secondline therapy.Various metabolic and signaling pathways such as Notch,JAK/STAT,Hippo,TGF-β,and Wnt have played a critical role during HCC progression.Dysbiosis has also been implicated in liver cancer.Drug-induced toxicity is a key obstacle in the treatment of liver cancer,necessitating the development of effective and safe medications,with natural compounds such as resveratrol,curcumin,diallyl sulfide,and others emerging as promising anticancer agents.This review highlights the current status of liver cancer research,signaling pathways,therapeutic targets,current treatment strategies and the chemopreventive role of various natural products in managing liver cancer.展开更多
Although solar exposure is necessary for human health,phototoxicology induced by excessive UVB and UVA radiation,which involves sunburns,skin aging and even tu-morigenesis,has been widely researched.Sunscreen is one o...Although solar exposure is necessary for human health,phototoxicology induced by excessive UVB and UVA radiation,which involves sunburns,skin aging and even tu-morigenesis,has been widely researched.Sunscreen is one of the most important ways to protect skin from UV phototoxic damage.As well as inorganic and organic UV filters,some natural products or plant extracts with aromatic rings in their structures,such as flavonoids or polyphenols,can absorb UV to reduce sunburn,acting as a natu-ral UV filter;they also show antioxidant or/and anti-inflammatory activity.This could explain why,although there are no officially approval natural commercial sun-filters,more and more commercial sunscreen products containing plant extracts are avail-able on the market.Here we summarize articles focusing on natural UV filters from plant published in the last 6 years,selecting the most significant data in order to better understand the photoprotective activity of natural products and extracts from plants,including their major constituents and main biological effects,methods for evaluating UV radiation resistance,anti-UV radiation experimental models and anti-UV radiation mechanisms.展开更多
In the past few decades,acute kidney injury(AKI),characterized by an abrupt decrease in kidney filtration rate,has become a public health issue affecting between 1%and 15%of the population,which causes high morbidity ...In the past few decades,acute kidney injury(AKI),characterized by an abrupt decrease in kidney filtration rate,has become a public health issue affecting between 1%and 15%of the population,which causes high morbidity and death.There is mounting evidence that miRNAs are noncoding single-stranded RNAs with a short length of about 20 nucleotides and have been highly conserved through evolution.Through targeting mRNAs,miRNA may mediate intercellular communication during AKI’s physiological and pathological processes.It is interesting to note that natural products can improve AKI by regulating miRNA expression,which might represent a potentially innovative therapeutic strategy.This review aims at providing an overview of the new data obtained on miRNAs in the treatment and diagnosis of AKI,summarizing studies on natural products improving AKI through regulating miRNAs’expression;in the same time,it will shed new light on AKI risk biomarkers and therapeutic intervention as well.We summarized the roles of miRNAs involved in AKI progression or protection against renal injury in 32 articles;we found five natural products can improve AKI by regulating miRNA expression,which will potentially provide a reference for clinical treatment.Natural products might represent a potentially innovative therapeutic strategy;in the same time,miRNAs will shed new light on AKI risk biomarkers and therapeutic intervention.展开更多
Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common metabolic disorder reproductive endocrine disease in puberty and women of childbearing age.At present,metformin is mainly used in clinical to treat PCOS.From recent researche...Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common metabolic disorder reproductive endocrine disease in puberty and women of childbearing age.At present,metformin is mainly used in clinical to treat PCOS.From recent researches,many natural products,such as flavonoids,alkaloids,cumarins,etc,showed curing effects on PCOS.These have been attracting more and more attention.By searching the researches from database of CNKI,PubMed etc,this paper aims at providing a reference for PCOS drug research and development.展开更多
Antimicrobial-treated textiles should exhibit efficacy against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal species,all while maintaining user safety with a non-toxic profile.Natural antimicrobial compounds play a vital r...Antimicrobial-treated textiles should exhibit efficacy against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal species,all while maintaining user safety with a non-toxic profile.Natural antimicrobial compounds play a vital role in textile finishing processes.The proliferation of synthetic antimicrobial agents introduces environmental and consumer safety concerns.Given these potential hazards associated with synthetic agents,the utilization of natural antimicrobial agents is gaining traction,as they tend to have fewer adverse effects on users and are more environmentally sustainable.Numerous natural antimicrobial compounds,sourced from plants such as neem,basil,turmeric,aloe vera,and clove oil,have been developed,showcasing inherent antimicrobial properties.This review article highlights the importance of incorporating bioactive components in the creation of antibacterial textile fabrics.展开更多
Over the past several decades,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)has been considered a global public health concern.Currently,various therapeutic modalities are available for T2DM management,including dietary modifications...Over the past several decades,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)has been considered a global public health concern.Currently,various therapeutic modalities are available for T2DM management,including dietary modifications,moderate exercise,and use of hypoglycemic agents and lipid-lowering medications.Although the curative effect of most drugs on T2DM is significant,they also exert some adverse side effects.Biologically active substances found in natural medicines are important for T2DM treatment.Several recent studies have reported that active ingredients derived from traditional medicines or foods exert a therapeutic effect on T2DM.This review compiled important articles regarding the therapeutic effects of natural products and their active ingredients on isletβcell function,adipose tissue inflammation,and insulin resistance.Additionally,this review provided an in-depth understanding of the multiple regulatory effects on different targets and signaling pathways of natural medicines in the treatment of T2DM as well as a theoretical basis for clinical effective application.展开更多
Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is among the most remarkable public health concerns globally.Accumulating research evidence documents that alteration of gut microbiota has an indispensable role in the onset and progress...Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is among the most remarkable public health concerns globally.Accumulating research evidence documents that alteration of gut microbiota has an indispensable role in the onset and progression of obesity and T2DM.A reduced microbial diversity is linked to insulin resistance and energy metabolism,especially for the rise of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.Changes in metabolites followed by the gut dysbacteriosis are linked to the presence of T2DM.Moreover,endotoxin leakage and gut permeability caused by gut dysbacteriosis is more of a trigger for the onset and progression of T2DM.Research documents that natural products are remarkable arsenals of bioactive agents for the discovery of anti-T2DM drugs.Many studies have elucidated that the possible mechanisms of the anti-T2DM effects of natural products are remarkably linked to its regulation on the composition of gut microflora and the successive changes in metabolites directly or indirectly.This review presents a brief overview of the gut microbiota in T2DM and several relevant mechanisms,including short-chain fatty acids,biosynthesis and metabolism of branched-chain fatty acids,trimethylamine N-oxide,bile acid signaling,endotoxin leakage,and gut permeability,and describes how dietary natural products can improve T2DM via the gut microbiota.展开更多
Aging is a process characterized by accumulating degenerative damages,resulting in the death of an organism ultimately.The main goal of aging research is to develop therapies that delay age-related diseases in human.S...Aging is a process characterized by accumulating degenerative damages,resulting in the death of an organism ultimately.The main goal of aging research is to develop therapies that delay age-related diseases in human.Since signaling pathways in aging of Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans),fruit flies and mice are evolutionarily conserved,compounds extending lifespan of them by intervening pathways of aging may be useful in treating age-related diseases in human.Natural products have special resource advantage and with few side effect.Recently,many compounds or extracts from natural products slowing aging and extending lifespan have been reported.Here we summarized these compounds or extracts and their mechanisms in increasing longevity of C.elegans or other species,and the prospect in developing antiaging medicine from natural products.展开更多
Natural products,with remarkable chemical diversity,have been extensively investigated for their anticancer potential for more than a half-century.The collective efforts of the community have achieved the tremendous a...Natural products,with remarkable chemical diversity,have been extensively investigated for their anticancer potential for more than a half-century.The collective efforts of the community have achieved the tremendous advancements,bringing natural products to clinical use and discovering new therapeutic opportunities,yet the challenges remain ahead.With remarkable changes in the landscape of cancer therapy and growing role of cutting-edge technologies,we may have come to a crossroads to revisit the strategies to understand nature products and to explore their therapeutic utility.This review summarizes the key advancements in nature product-centered cancer research and calls for the implementation of systematic approaches,new pharmacological models,and exploration of emerging directions to revitalize natural products search in cancer therapy.展开更多
Androgens have an intense consequence on the human scalp and body hair.Scalp hair sprouts fundamentally in awol of androgens whereas the body hair hike is vulnerable to the activity of androgens.Androgenetic alopecia(...Androgens have an intense consequence on the human scalp and body hair.Scalp hair sprouts fundamentally in awol of androgens whereas the body hair hike is vulnerable to the activity of androgens.Androgenetic alopecia(AGA)invoked as males emulate Alopecia due to the cause of the dynamic reduction of scalp hair.Androgens are medium of terminus growth of hair although the body.Local and system androgens convert the extensive terminal follicles into lesser vellus like structure.The out start of this type of alopecia is intensely irregular and the reason behind this existence of enough circulating steroidal hormones androgens and due to genetic predisposition.Effective treatments are available in the market as well as under clinical and preclinical testing.Many herbal formulations are also available but not FDA approved.Different conventional and NDDS formulations are already available in the market.To avoid various systemic side effects of both Finasteride and Minoxidil,topical formulations and natural products(nutrients,minerals,vitamins)now a days are being widely used to treat Androgenic alopecia.CAM(complementary and alternative medicine)provides the option to elect favorable,low-risk,adjuvant and alternative therapies.Herein,we offer a widespread review of topical marketed formulations,natural products,and CAM treatment options for AGA.展开更多
Background:In-feed antibiotics are being phased out in livestock production worldwide.Alternatives to antibiotics are urgently needed to maintain animal health and production performance.Host defense peptides(HDPs)are...Background:In-feed antibiotics are being phased out in livestock production worldwide.Alternatives to antibiotics are urgently needed to maintain animal health and production performance.Host defense peptides(HDPs)are known for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial and immunomodulatory capabilities.Enhancing the synthesis of endogenous HDPs represents a promising antibiotic alternative strategy to disease control and prevention.Methods:To identify natural products with an ability to stimulate the synthesis of endogenous HDPs,we performed a high-throughput screening of 1261 natural products using a newly-established stable luciferase reporter cell line known as IPEC-J2/pBD3-luc.The ability of the hit compounds to induce HDP genes in porcine IPEC-J2 intestinal epithelial cells,3D4/31 macrophages,and jejunal explants were verified using RT-qPCR.Augmentation of the antibacterial activity of porcine 3D4/31 macrophages against a Gram-negative bacterium(enterotoxigenic E.coli)and a Gram-positive bacterium(Staphylococcus aureus)were further confirmed with four selected HDP-inducing compounds.Results:A total of 48 natural products with a minimum Z-score of 2.0 were identified after high-throughput screening,with 21 compounds giving at least 2-fold increase in luciferase activity in a follow-up dose-response experiment.Xanthohumol and deoxyshikonin were further found to be the most potent in inducing pBD3 mRNA expression,showing a minimum 10-fold increase in IPEC-J2,3D4/31 cells,and jejunal explants.Other compounds such as isorhapontigenin and calycosin also enhanced pBD3 mRNA expression by at least 10-fold in both IPEC-J2 cells and jejunal explants,but not 3D4/31 cells.In addition to pBD3,other porcine HDP genes such as pBD2,PG1-5,and pEP2C were induced to different magnitudes by xanthohumol,deoxyshikonin,isorhapontigenin,and calycosin,although clear gene-and cell type-specific patterns of regulation were observed.Desirably,these four compounds had a minimum effect on the expression of several representative inflammatory cytokine genes.Furthermore,when used at HDP-inducing concentrations,these compounds showed no obvious direct antibacterial activity,but significantly augmented the antibacterial activity of 3D4/31 macrophages(P<0.05)against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusions:Our results indicate that these newly-identified natural HDP-inducing compounds have the potential to be developed as novel alternatives to antibiotics for prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of infectious diseases in livestock production.展开更多
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is the progressive subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and potentiates risks for both hepatic and metabolic diseases.Although the pathophysiology of NASH is not completely un...Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is the progressive subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and potentiates risks for both hepatic and metabolic diseases.Although the pathophysiology of NASH is not completely understood,recent studies have revealed that macrophage activation is a major contributing factor for the disease progression.Macrophages integrate the immune response and metabolic process and have become promising targets for NASH therapy.Natural products are potential candidates for NASH treatment and have multifactorial underlying mechanisms.Macrophage involvement in the development of steatosis and inflammation in NASH has been widely investigated.In this review,we assess the evidence for natural products or their active ingredients in the modulation of macrophage activation,recruitment,and polarization,as well as the metabolic status of macrophages.Our work may highlight the possible natural products that target macrophages as potential treatment options for NASH.展开更多
LC-MS-based metabolomics could have a major impact in the study of natural products,especially in its metabolism,toxicity and activity.This review highlights recent applications of metabolomics approach in the study o...LC-MS-based metabolomics could have a major impact in the study of natural products,especially in its metabolism,toxicity and activity.This review highlights recent applications of metabolomics approach in the study of metabolites and toxicity of natural products,and the understanding of their effects on various diseases.Metabolomics has been employed to study the in vitro and in vivo metabolism of natural compounds,such as osthole,dehydrodiisoeugenol,and myrislignan.The pharmacological effects of natural compounds and extracts were determined using metabolomics technology combined with diseases models in animal,including osthole and nutmeg extracts.It has been demonstrated that metabolomics is a powerful technology for the investigation of xenobiotics-induced toxicity.The metabolism of triptolide and its hepatotoxicity were discussed.LC-MS-based metabolomics has a great potential in the druggability of natural products.The application of metabolomics should be broadened in the field of natural products in the future.展开更多
Compounds with regulating glucose metabolism and improving insulin resistance(IR)activity are abundant in nature and can be obtained from several sources.They have high potential to be used to treat diabetes mellitus....Compounds with regulating glucose metabolism and improving insulin resistance(IR)activity are abundant in nature and can be obtained from several sources.They have high potential to be used to treat diabetes mellitus.These compounds isolated from natural plants can be classified seven categories:terpenoids,alkaloids,quinones,flavonoids,phenols,phenyl propanoids,steroids,and other types of compounds.They exert biological effects by different ways and mechanisms.This review illustrated the potential natural products as a rich resource in regulation of glucose metabolism and IR,as well as their mechanisms.展开更多
The determination of natural products stereochemistry remains a formidable task.Residual dipolar couplings(RDCs)induced by anisotropic media are a powerful tool for determination of the stereochemistry of organic mole...The determination of natural products stereochemistry remains a formidable task.Residual dipolar couplings(RDCs)induced by anisotropic media are a powerful tool for determination of the stereochemistry of organic molecule in solution.This review will provide a short introduction on RDCs-based methodology for the structural elucidation of natural products.Special attention is given to the current availability of alignment media in organic solvents.The applications of RDCs for structural analysis of some examples of natural products were discussed and summarized.Graphical Abstract This review provides a short introduction on RDCs-based methodology for the structural elucidation of natural products.Special attention is given to the current availability of alignment media in organic solvents.The applications of RDCs for structural analysis of some examples of natural products were discussed and summarized.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078281)。
文摘The isolation of minor components from complex natural product matrices presents a significant challenge in the field of purification science due to their low concentrations and the presence of structurally similar compounds.This study introduces an optimized twin-column recycling chromatography method for the efficient and simultaneous purification of these elusive constituents.By introducing water at a small flowing rate between the twin columns,a step solvent gradient is created,by which the leading edge of concentration band would migrate at a slower rate than the trailing edge as it flowing from the upstream to downstream column.Hence,the band broadening is counterbalanced,resulting in an enrichment effect for those minor components in separation process.Herein,two target substances,which showed similar peak position in high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and did not exceed 1.8%in crude paclitaxel were selected as target compounds for separation.By using the twin-column recycling chromatography with a step solvent gradient,a successful purification was achieved in getting the two with the purity almost 100%.We suggest this method is suitable for the separation of most components in natural produces,which shows higher precision and recovery rate compared with the common lab-operated separation ways for natural products(thin-layer chromatography and prep-HPLC).
基金This work was supported by Chongqing Natural Science Foundation General Project(2023NSCQ-MSX1633,CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0393)Key Scientific and Technological Research Project of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(KJ202302884457913,KJZD-K202302801)+2 种基金2022 Scientific Research Project of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College(ygz2022104)Scientific Research and Seedling Breeding Project of Chongqing Medical Biotechnology Association(cmba2022kyym-zkxmQ0003)Chongqing Natural Science Foundation(cstc2021jcyj-msxm3191,cstc2021jcyj-msxm0452),respectively.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains a prevalent and challenging malignancy globally,characterized by its numerous causal factors and generally unfavorable prognosis.In the relentless pursuit of effective treatment modalities,natural products have emerged as a promising and relatively non-toxic alternative,garnering significant interest.The integration of natural products with contemporary medical research has yielded encouraging therapeutic outcomes in the management of HCC.This review offers a comprehensive overview of the causal factors underlying HCC,and the diverse treatment options available,and highlights the advancements made by natural products in anti-HCC research.Particularly,we provide an outline of the various types of natural products,their corresponding nomenclature,target molecules,and mechanisms of action that exhibit anti-HCC activities.Natural products are anticipated to play a pivotal role in future comprehensive treatment plans for liver cancer,potentially offering patients improved survival rates and an enhanced quality of life.
文摘Esophageal cancer(ESC)is a malignant tumor that originates from the mucosal epithelium of the esophagus and is part of the digestive tract.Although the exact pathogenesis of ESC has not been fully elucidated,excessive oxidative stress is an important characteristic that leads to the development of many cancers.Abnormal expression of several proteins and transcription factors contributes to oxidative stress in ESCs,which alters the growth and proliferation of ESCs and promotes their metastasis.Natural compounds,including alkaloids,terpenes,polyphenols,and xanthine compounds,can inhibit reactive oxygen species production in ESCs.These compounds reduce oxidative stress levels and subsequently inhibit the oc-currence and progression of ESC through the regulation of targets and pathways such as the cytokine interleukins 6 and 10,superoxide dismutase,the NF-+ACY-kappa+ADs-B/MAPK pathway,and the mammalian Nrf2/ARE target pathway.Thus,targeting tumor oxidative stress has become a key focus in anti-ESC therapy.This review discusses the potential of Natural products(NPs)for treating ESCs and summarizes the application prospects of oxidative stress as a new target for ESC treatment.The findings of this review provide a reference for drug development targeting ESCs.Nonetheless,further high-quality studies will be necessary to determine the clinical efficacy of these various NPs.
文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a complicated,globally expanding disease that is influenced by hereditary and environmental variables.Changes in modern society’s food choices,physical inactivity,and obesity are significant factors in the development of type 2 DM(T2DM).The association between changes in intestinal flora and numerous disorders,including obesity,diabetes,and cardiovascular diseases,has been studied in recent years.The purpose of this review is to analyze the mechanisms underlying the alteration of the diabetic patients’intestinal flora,as well as their therapeutic choices.Also included is a summary of the antidiabetic benefits of natural compounds demonstrated by studies.The short-chain fatty acids theory,the bile acid theory,and the endotoxin theory are all potential methods by which intestinal flora contributes to the establishment and progression of T2DM.Due to an intestinal flora imbalance,abnormalities in shortchain fatty acids and secondary bile acids have been found in diabetic patients.Additionally,metabolic endotoxemia with altering flora induces a systemic inflammatory response by stimulating the immune system via bacterial translocation.The agenda for diabetes treatment includes the use of short-chain fatty acids,probiotics,prebiotics in the diet,fecal bacteria transplantation,and antibiotics.Animal studies have proven the antidiabetic benefits of numerous bioactive substances,including Flavonoids,Alkaloids,Saponin,and Allicin.However,further research is required to contribute to the treatment of diabetes.
文摘Liver cancer is a severe concern for public health officials since the clinical cases are increasing each year,with an estimated 5-year survival rate of 30%–35%after diagnosis.Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)constitutes a significant subtype of liver cancer(approximate75%)and is considered primary liver cancer.Treatment for liver cancer mainly depends on the stage of its progression,where surgery including,hepatectomy and liver transplantation,and ablation and radiotherapy are the prime choice.For advanced liver cancer,various drugs and immunotherapy are used as first-line treatment,whereas second-line treatment includes chemotherapeutic drugs from natural and synthetic origins.Sorafenib and lenvatinib are first-line therapies,while regorafenib and ramucirumab are secondline therapy.Various metabolic and signaling pathways such as Notch,JAK/STAT,Hippo,TGF-β,and Wnt have played a critical role during HCC progression.Dysbiosis has also been implicated in liver cancer.Drug-induced toxicity is a key obstacle in the treatment of liver cancer,necessitating the development of effective and safe medications,with natural compounds such as resveratrol,curcumin,diallyl sulfide,and others emerging as promising anticancer agents.This review highlights the current status of liver cancer research,signaling pathways,therapeutic targets,current treatment strategies and the chemopreventive role of various natural products in managing liver cancer.
基金supported by Henan Provincial Department of Education(No.21B350001)Zhengzhou science and technology department(No.ZZSZX202109 and ZZSZX202108).
文摘Although solar exposure is necessary for human health,phototoxicology induced by excessive UVB and UVA radiation,which involves sunburns,skin aging and even tu-morigenesis,has been widely researched.Sunscreen is one of the most important ways to protect skin from UV phototoxic damage.As well as inorganic and organic UV filters,some natural products or plant extracts with aromatic rings in their structures,such as flavonoids or polyphenols,can absorb UV to reduce sunburn,acting as a natu-ral UV filter;they also show antioxidant or/and anti-inflammatory activity.This could explain why,although there are no officially approval natural commercial sun-filters,more and more commercial sunscreen products containing plant extracts are avail-able on the market.Here we summarize articles focusing on natural UV filters from plant published in the last 6 years,selecting the most significant data in order to better understand the photoprotective activity of natural products and extracts from plants,including their major constituents and main biological effects,methods for evaluating UV radiation resistance,anti-UV radiation experimental models and anti-UV radiation mechanisms.
文摘In the past few decades,acute kidney injury(AKI),characterized by an abrupt decrease in kidney filtration rate,has become a public health issue affecting between 1%and 15%of the population,which causes high morbidity and death.There is mounting evidence that miRNAs are noncoding single-stranded RNAs with a short length of about 20 nucleotides and have been highly conserved through evolution.Through targeting mRNAs,miRNA may mediate intercellular communication during AKI’s physiological and pathological processes.It is interesting to note that natural products can improve AKI by regulating miRNA expression,which might represent a potentially innovative therapeutic strategy.This review aims at providing an overview of the new data obtained on miRNAs in the treatment and diagnosis of AKI,summarizing studies on natural products improving AKI through regulating miRNAs’expression;in the same time,it will shed new light on AKI risk biomarkers and therapeutic intervention as well.We summarized the roles of miRNAs involved in AKI progression or protection against renal injury in 32 articles;we found five natural products can improve AKI by regulating miRNA expression,which will potentially provide a reference for clinical treatment.Natural products might represent a potentially innovative therapeutic strategy;in the same time,miRNAs will shed new light on AKI risk biomarkers and therapeutic intervention.
基金Key R&D Plan of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2019157)。
文摘Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common metabolic disorder reproductive endocrine disease in puberty and women of childbearing age.At present,metformin is mainly used in clinical to treat PCOS.From recent researches,many natural products,such as flavonoids,alkaloids,cumarins,etc,showed curing effects on PCOS.These have been attracting more and more attention.By searching the researches from database of CNKI,PubMed etc,this paper aims at providing a reference for PCOS drug research and development.
文摘Antimicrobial-treated textiles should exhibit efficacy against a broad spectrum of bacterial and fungal species,all while maintaining user safety with a non-toxic profile.Natural antimicrobial compounds play a vital role in textile finishing processes.The proliferation of synthetic antimicrobial agents introduces environmental and consumer safety concerns.Given these potential hazards associated with synthetic agents,the utilization of natural antimicrobial agents is gaining traction,as they tend to have fewer adverse effects on users and are more environmentally sustainable.Numerous natural antimicrobial compounds,sourced from plants such as neem,basil,turmeric,aloe vera,and clove oil,have been developed,showcasing inherent antimicrobial properties.This review article highlights the importance of incorporating bioactive components in the creation of antibacterial textile fabrics.
基金Supported by the Nature Science Foundation of Hubei Province,No.2023AFB839.
文摘Over the past several decades,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)has been considered a global public health concern.Currently,various therapeutic modalities are available for T2DM management,including dietary modifications,moderate exercise,and use of hypoglycemic agents and lipid-lowering medications.Although the curative effect of most drugs on T2DM is significant,they also exert some adverse side effects.Biologically active substances found in natural medicines are important for T2DM treatment.Several recent studies have reported that active ingredients derived from traditional medicines or foods exert a therapeutic effect on T2DM.This review compiled important articles regarding the therapeutic effects of natural products and their active ingredients on isletβcell function,adipose tissue inflammation,and insulin resistance.Additionally,this review provided an in-depth understanding of the multiple regulatory effects on different targets and signaling pathways of natural medicines in the treatment of T2DM as well as a theoretical basis for clinical effective application.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81803816 and No.82074078.
文摘Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is among the most remarkable public health concerns globally.Accumulating research evidence documents that alteration of gut microbiota has an indispensable role in the onset and progression of obesity and T2DM.A reduced microbial diversity is linked to insulin resistance and energy metabolism,especially for the rise of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio.Changes in metabolites followed by the gut dysbacteriosis are linked to the presence of T2DM.Moreover,endotoxin leakage and gut permeability caused by gut dysbacteriosis is more of a trigger for the onset and progression of T2DM.Research documents that natural products are remarkable arsenals of bioactive agents for the discovery of anti-T2DM drugs.Many studies have elucidated that the possible mechanisms of the anti-T2DM effects of natural products are remarkably linked to its regulation on the composition of gut microflora and the successive changes in metabolites directly or indirectly.This review presents a brief overview of the gut microbiota in T2DM and several relevant mechanisms,including short-chain fatty acids,biosynthesis and metabolism of branched-chain fatty acids,trimethylamine N-oxide,bile acid signaling,endotoxin leakage,and gut permeability,and describes how dietary natural products can improve T2DM via the gut microbiota.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(81671405 and 81370453)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan province(2013FA045 and 2015FB172)Open Funds of Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica.
文摘Aging is a process characterized by accumulating degenerative damages,resulting in the death of an organism ultimately.The main goal of aging research is to develop therapies that delay age-related diseases in human.Since signaling pathways in aging of Caenorhabditis elegans(C.elegans),fruit flies and mice are evolutionarily conserved,compounds extending lifespan of them by intervening pathways of aging may be useful in treating age-related diseases in human.Natural products have special resource advantage and with few side effect.Recently,many compounds or extracts from natural products slowing aging and extending lifespan have been reported.Here we summarized these compounds or extracts and their mechanisms in increasing longevity of C.elegans or other species,and the prospect in developing antiaging medicine from natural products.
文摘Natural products,with remarkable chemical diversity,have been extensively investigated for their anticancer potential for more than a half-century.The collective efforts of the community have achieved the tremendous advancements,bringing natural products to clinical use and discovering new therapeutic opportunities,yet the challenges remain ahead.With remarkable changes in the landscape of cancer therapy and growing role of cutting-edge technologies,we may have come to a crossroads to revisit the strategies to understand nature products and to explore their therapeutic utility.This review summarizes the key advancements in nature product-centered cancer research and calls for the implementation of systematic approaches,new pharmacological models,and exploration of emerging directions to revitalize natural products search in cancer therapy.
文摘Androgens have an intense consequence on the human scalp and body hair.Scalp hair sprouts fundamentally in awol of androgens whereas the body hair hike is vulnerable to the activity of androgens.Androgenetic alopecia(AGA)invoked as males emulate Alopecia due to the cause of the dynamic reduction of scalp hair.Androgens are medium of terminus growth of hair although the body.Local and system androgens convert the extensive terminal follicles into lesser vellus like structure.The out start of this type of alopecia is intensely irregular and the reason behind this existence of enough circulating steroidal hormones androgens and due to genetic predisposition.Effective treatments are available in the market as well as under clinical and preclinical testing.Many herbal formulations are also available but not FDA approved.Different conventional and NDDS formulations are already available in the market.To avoid various systemic side effects of both Finasteride and Minoxidil,topical formulations and natural products(nutrients,minerals,vitamins)now a days are being widely used to treat Androgenic alopecia.CAM(complementary and alternative medicine)provides the option to elect favorable,low-risk,adjuvant and alternative therapies.Herein,we offer a widespread review of topical marketed formulations,natural products,and CAM treatment options for AGA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972576)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(6202004)+2 种基金the Special Program on Science and Technology Innovation Capacity Building of BAAFS(KJCX20180414 and KJCX201914)the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture(2018-68003-27462 and 2018-33610-28252)the Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology(AR19-27)。
文摘Background:In-feed antibiotics are being phased out in livestock production worldwide.Alternatives to antibiotics are urgently needed to maintain animal health and production performance.Host defense peptides(HDPs)are known for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial and immunomodulatory capabilities.Enhancing the synthesis of endogenous HDPs represents a promising antibiotic alternative strategy to disease control and prevention.Methods:To identify natural products with an ability to stimulate the synthesis of endogenous HDPs,we performed a high-throughput screening of 1261 natural products using a newly-established stable luciferase reporter cell line known as IPEC-J2/pBD3-luc.The ability of the hit compounds to induce HDP genes in porcine IPEC-J2 intestinal epithelial cells,3D4/31 macrophages,and jejunal explants were verified using RT-qPCR.Augmentation of the antibacterial activity of porcine 3D4/31 macrophages against a Gram-negative bacterium(enterotoxigenic E.coli)and a Gram-positive bacterium(Staphylococcus aureus)were further confirmed with four selected HDP-inducing compounds.Results:A total of 48 natural products with a minimum Z-score of 2.0 were identified after high-throughput screening,with 21 compounds giving at least 2-fold increase in luciferase activity in a follow-up dose-response experiment.Xanthohumol and deoxyshikonin were further found to be the most potent in inducing pBD3 mRNA expression,showing a minimum 10-fold increase in IPEC-J2,3D4/31 cells,and jejunal explants.Other compounds such as isorhapontigenin and calycosin also enhanced pBD3 mRNA expression by at least 10-fold in both IPEC-J2 cells and jejunal explants,but not 3D4/31 cells.In addition to pBD3,other porcine HDP genes such as pBD2,PG1-5,and pEP2C were induced to different magnitudes by xanthohumol,deoxyshikonin,isorhapontigenin,and calycosin,although clear gene-and cell type-specific patterns of regulation were observed.Desirably,these four compounds had a minimum effect on the expression of several representative inflammatory cytokine genes.Furthermore,when used at HDP-inducing concentrations,these compounds showed no obvious direct antibacterial activity,but significantly augmented the antibacterial activity of 3D4/31 macrophages(P<0.05)against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusions:Our results indicate that these newly-identified natural HDP-inducing compounds have the potential to be developed as novel alternatives to antibiotics for prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of infectious diseases in livestock production.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81774084 and No.81803897。
文摘Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)is the progressive subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and potentiates risks for both hepatic and metabolic diseases.Although the pathophysiology of NASH is not completely understood,recent studies have revealed that macrophage activation is a major contributing factor for the disease progression.Macrophages integrate the immune response and metabolic process and have become promising targets for NASH therapy.Natural products are potential candidates for NASH treatment and have multifactorial underlying mechanisms.Macrophage involvement in the development of steatosis and inflammation in NASH has been widely investigated.In this review,we assess the evidence for natural products or their active ingredients in the modulation of macrophage activation,recruitment,and polarization,as well as the metabolic status of macrophages.Our work may highlight the possible natural products that target macrophages as potential treatment options for NASH.
基金supported by the Thousand Young Talents Program of China,the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1700906,2017YFC0906903)CAS"Light of West China"Program(Y72E8211W1)+1 种基金Kunming Institute of Botany(Y76E1211K1,Y4662211K1)State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China(52Y67A9211Z1)。
文摘LC-MS-based metabolomics could have a major impact in the study of natural products,especially in its metabolism,toxicity and activity.This review highlights recent applications of metabolomics approach in the study of metabolites and toxicity of natural products,and the understanding of their effects on various diseases.Metabolomics has been employed to study the in vitro and in vivo metabolism of natural compounds,such as osthole,dehydrodiisoeugenol,and myrislignan.The pharmacological effects of natural compounds and extracts were determined using metabolomics technology combined with diseases models in animal,including osthole and nutmeg extracts.It has been demonstrated that metabolomics is a powerful technology for the investigation of xenobiotics-induced toxicity.The metabolism of triptolide and its hepatotoxicity were discussed.LC-MS-based metabolomics has a great potential in the druggability of natural products.The application of metabolomics should be broadened in the field of natural products in the future.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31900292)Science and Technology Development Program of Henan Province(202102110149,192102110112,and 182102410083)Science and Technology Project of Kaifeng(1908005,and 1803010).
文摘Compounds with regulating glucose metabolism and improving insulin resistance(IR)activity are abundant in nature and can be obtained from several sources.They have high potential to be used to treat diabetes mellitus.These compounds isolated from natural plants can be classified seven categories:terpenoids,alkaloids,quinones,flavonoids,phenols,phenyl propanoids,steroids,and other types of compounds.They exert biological effects by different ways and mechanisms.This review illustrated the potential natural products as a rich resource in regulation of glucose metabolism and IR,as well as their mechanisms.
基金co-supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(21572164,U1504207)the Sino-German Center for Research Promotion(GZ1289).
文摘The determination of natural products stereochemistry remains a formidable task.Residual dipolar couplings(RDCs)induced by anisotropic media are a powerful tool for determination of the stereochemistry of organic molecule in solution.This review will provide a short introduction on RDCs-based methodology for the structural elucidation of natural products.Special attention is given to the current availability of alignment media in organic solvents.The applications of RDCs for structural analysis of some examples of natural products were discussed and summarized.Graphical Abstract This review provides a short introduction on RDCs-based methodology for the structural elucidation of natural products.Special attention is given to the current availability of alignment media in organic solvents.The applications of RDCs for structural analysis of some examples of natural products were discussed and summarized.