Materials Selection of Thermoplastic Matrices of Natural Fibre Composites for Cyclist Helmet Using an Integration of DMAIC Approach in Six Sigma Method Together with Grey Relational Analysis Approach

Natural fibre reinforced polymer composite(NFRPC)materials are gaining popularity in the modern world due to their eco-friendliness,lightweight nature,life-cycle superiority,biodegradability,low cost,and noble mechanical properties.Due to the wide variety of materials available that have comparable attributes and satisfy the requirements of the product design specification,material selection has become a crucial component of design for engineers.This paper discusses the study’s findings in choosing the suitable thermoplastic matrices of Natural Fibre Composites for Cyclist Helmet utilising the DMAIC,and GRA approaches.The results are based on integrating two decision methods implemented utilising two distinct decision-making approaches:qualitative and quantitative.This study suggested thermoplastic polyethylene as a particularly ideal matrix in composite cyclist helmets during the selection process for the best thermoplastic matrices material using the 6σtechnique,with the decision based on the highest performance,the lightest weight,and the most environmentally friendly criteria.The DMAIC and GRA approach significantly influenced the material selection process by offering different tools for each phase.In the future study,selection technique may have been more exhaustive if more information from other factors had been added.

A Joint Entity Relation Extraction Model Based on Relation Semantic Template Automatically Constructed

The joint entity relation extraction model which integrates the semantic information of relation is favored by relevant researchers because of its effectiveness in solving the overlapping of entities,and the method of defining the semantic template of relation manually is particularly prominent in the extraction effect because it can obtain the deep semantic information of relation.However,this method has some problems,such as relying on expert experience and poor portability.Inspired by the rule-based entity relation extraction method,this paper proposes a joint entity relation extraction model based on a relation semantic template automatically constructed,which is abbreviated as RSTAC.This model refines the extraction rules of relation semantic templates from relation corpus through dependency parsing and realizes the automatic construction of relation semantic templates.Based on the relation semantic template,the process of relation classification and triplet extraction is constrained,and finally,the entity relation triplet is obtained.The experimental results on the three major Chinese datasets of DuIE,SanWen,and FinRE showthat the RSTAC model successfully obtains rich deep semantics of relation,improves the extraction effect of entity relation triples,and the F1 scores are increased by an average of 0.96% compared with classical joint extraction models such as CasRel,TPLinker,and RFBFN.

Fundamental Issues Towards Unified Design Theory of Recycled and Natural Aggregate Concrete Components

In the past 20 years,recycled aggregate concrete(RAC),as a type of low-carbon concrete,has become a worldwide focus of research.However,the design methodology for RAC structural components remains a challenge.Consequently,demands for a unified design of natural aggregate concrete(NAC)and RAC components have been presented.Accordingly,this study analyses the necessity of a unified design theory and provides an in-depth demonstration of the strength determination,compressive constitutive relationship,and design method of concrete components.The coefficient of variation of RAC strength is found to be generally higher than that of NAC strength.The compressive and tensile strengths of RAC can be defined and determined using the same method as that used for NAC.The uniaxial compressive constitutive relationship between NAC and RAC has a unified mathematical expression.However,the elastic modulus of RAC decreases,and its brittleness exhibits an increasing trend compared with that of NAC.Finally,to unify the design formulae of RAC and NAC components for bearing capacity,modification factors for RAC components are proposed considering safety and reliability.Additionally,the feasibility of the proposed unified time-dependent design theory is demonstrated in terms of conceptual design and structural measures considering the effects of strength degradation and reinforcement corrosion.It is believed that this study enriches and develops the basic theory of concrete structures.

The Natural History of Dry Type of Age-related Macular Degeneration

To study the natural history of dry type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and search for a sensitive method for detecting the development of the disease, the fundus fluorescein angiography, visual acuity, electroretinogram and FM 100-hue test were used to examine 75 eyes, 147 eyes, 73 eyes, and 94 eyes respectively. These examinations were taken at least twice during the follow-up periods. The average age was 63.2 years (50-80 years ). The average follow-up was 29.8 months with a range of 3-74 ...

Reflection on the Human-Nature Relationship: Reinterpretation of Emily Dickinson’s “My Life had stood——a Loaded Gun”

Emily Dickenson’s poems have long enjoyed considerable acclaims from critics and common readers for her delicate and profound writing of life and death,love,nature,etc.Her short poem“My Life had stood—a Loaded Gun”is one receiving relatively few academic discussion.Among the rather few existent studies,many discuss Dickenson’s feminist ideas,religious bewilderment,literary creation views or even personal feeling in this poem.This article,instead,gives an interpretation of this poem from an ecocritical perspective.It points out that Emily Dickenson in this poem expresses her condemnation on human’s cruelty and indiffer?ence to nature.After a thorough interpretation of Dickenson’s reflection on human-nature relationship in this poem,the article fur?ther explores Dickenson’s attitudes toward nature through her personal writing background and clues in her other works to support this interpretation.

The origin and distribution of natural gas in the frontal uplift area of the Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin

The frontal uplift of the Kuqa depression is an important oil and gas producing area. In this study, the distribution and origin of natural gas were discussed based on natural gas components and isotope data. The main components of natural gas were hydrocarbons with relatively high contents of C2+ component. Most gases were derived from terrestrial source rocks, and some came from marine rocks. The contents of non-hydrocarbon gases were high in the central part of the frontal uplift area and low in the two terminals. The distribution of oil composition was similar to that of natural gas, which was mainly controlled by the types of source rocks. Dry coefficient and maturity of natural gas in the frontal uplift were lower than those of gas in the Kelasu tectonic belt of the Kuqa depression, which was mainly affected by the difference of tectonic movements in both areas. In the frontal uplift, the traps were formed in the early stage and could capture the early formed oil and gas, and structural adjustment was slight in later stages, so the oil and gas could be effectively preserved. Multiperiodic oil and gas filling led to the complex distribution of natural gas.

Comparative regeneration status in a natural forest and enrichment plantations of Chittagong (south) forest division, Bangladesh

The natural regeneration of the tree species in pure natural forest stand and enrichment plantations of Baraitali Forest of Chittagong (South) Forest Division, Bangladesh was studied by stratified random quadrat method during April 2002 to November 2002. Totally 100 plots of 3 m X 3 m in size represents a total of 64 regenerating tree species from natural forest with an average seedlings of 24767/hm2, while only 40 regenerating tree species were recorded from enrichment plan-tations with an average seedlings of 18633/hm2. Maximum regeneration in natural forest was found with Castanopsis spp. (2200 seedlings/hm2) followed by Glochidion lanceolarium (2183 /hm2) whereas, in enrichment plantations maximum regen-eration was found with Dipterocarpus gracilis (2117/hm2) followed by Anogeissus acuminata (2000/hm2). For natural forest, highest relative density was found for Castanopsis spp (8.88%), relative frequency for Glochidion lanceolarium (7.36%), rela-tive abundance for Syzygium spp. (3.79%) and Importance Value Index were recorded with Glochidion lanceolarium (18.24%). The corresponding values for enrichment plantations were highest with Dipterocarpus gracilis (11.36%), Glochidion lanceo-larium (9.71%), Dipterocarpus gracilis (5.92%), Glochidion lanceolarium (23.32%) respectively. Stem per hectare of some common trees with their seedlings and saplings in both the natural stands and enrichment plantations showed that only Dip-terocarpus gracilis successfully recruited in both sites but recruitment was higher in natural forest. Like many other primary rain forests, the Baraitoli forest typically has both substantial seedlings and soil seed bank from which regeneration may occur. The naturally regenerated seedlings are quite dense but it could not reach the pole stage due to human interference.

Assessment of Tree Diversity and Abundance in Rashad Natural Reserved Forest, South Kordofan, Sudan

This study aims to estimate the tree diversity status of Rashad Forest Reserves in the Rashad locality of the South Kordofan State of Sudan. For data collection, eight sample plots (20 × 20 m) were taken randomly, and parameters were determined: trees species diversity, composition, relative density, dominance, important value index, and species richness in the Rashad forest reserve. The results show that a total of 237 and 56 tree species, including 22 families, have been identified in the study area. Fabaceae family and species numbers have the highest number of 13 species in 8 genera, followed by Combretaceae with 8 species belonging to 3 different genera, Malvaceae with 5 species belonging to 4 different genera, Apocynaceae with 3 species belonging to 3 different genera. The Arecaceae, Burseraceae, Capparaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Meliaceae, and Rubiaceae families each had two species, and all the other 11 families had one species each. Among the 56 different tree species found within the reserve. The results also indicated that Tamarindus indica L. and Ziziphus spina-christi (L.) Desf. had the highest relative density and dominance of 4.64% and 11% respectively. Adansonia digitata L., Grewia villosa Willd, Vepris nobilis (Delile) Mziray had density and dominance of 4.80% and 9%. Followed by Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC.) Guill. & Perr, Adansonia digitata L., Catunaregam nilotica (Stapf) Tirveng. (Syn: Xeromphis nilotica (Stapf) Keay, Vangueria madagascariensis J. F. Gmel. with 3.38% and 8%, respectively. Eleven species recorded the least relative dominance of 0.42%. Shannon-Weiner diversity index (H’) value stood at 3.82. And as diversity indices varied with location depending on the species available within an ecological zone, Rashad forest reserve is blessed with a moderate diversity index.

China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index in the Second Quarter of 2019

The statistics of the China natural gas industry prosperity index show that it reached 147.71 in the second quarter of 2019,indicating a relatively prosperous state,and the prosperity index of natural gas production enterprises reached 157.84,also indicating a relatively prosperous state.Natural gas sales companies'prosperity index reached 141.44,indicating a relatively prosperous state,and the prosperity trend index of the natural gas industry in the coming year is 209.20,indicating a prosperous state.The details are shown in Figure 1 and Table 1.

China Natural Gas Industry Prosperity Index in the First Quarter of 2019

The statistics of the China natural gas industry prosperity index show that it reached 142.83 in the first quarter of 2019,indicating a relatively prosperous state,and the prosperity index of natural gas production enterprises reached 149.80,also indicating a relatively prosperous state.Natural gas sales companies'prosperity index reached 136.05,indicating a relatively prosperous state,and the prosperity trend index of the natural gas industry in the coming year is 195.09,indicating a prosperous state.The details are shown in Fig.1 and Table 1.

The Conflict and Harmony of Relations Based on The Little Prince

The Little Prince created by French aristocrat,writer and poet Antoine de Saint–Exupéry not only permeates French romanticism in the 19^(th) century,but implies philosophy of life.As one of the most popular books in the world,it shows that adults or modern people should learn from children to keep kind,imagitive,faithful and so on instead of being worldly-wise,and expresses sincere feelings based on imaginative descriptions.In addition,the movie version with new elements directed by Mark Osborne conquered the world again from a new perspective.And then,a kind of conflicting or harmonious relation is revealed no matter in the original work or in the movie version.However,today’s relationships between people tend to be more complex and less pure since the development of science and technology,artificial intelligence and We Media have become all the rage.Thus,it focuses on revealing the conflict and harmony of individuals’relations through these images in the original work and through a couple of new elements in the 21^(st) century in the movie version to show the transformation from the conflict to harmony.

地理学中自然与人文耦合的挑战与前景

进入人类世以来,随着重大自然与社会问题的涌现,作为一门典型的交叉学科,地理学面临着前所未有的挑战与机遇。地理学研究的是复杂交织的人地关系问题,所以需要先在内部摒除二元论的偏见,实现自然(包括GIS)与人文的耦合。对中国地理学而言,自然与人文耦合的关键或难点在于方法论。应对挑战,地理学共同体应该鼓励面向重大问题的、多元化的交叉研究,促进数据、技术与社会的融合,共创治理科学新范式,逐步改变重理轻文的学科评价导向。在全球可持续发展的大背景下,地理学内部的交叉融合以及地理学与其他学科的交叉合作至关重要,人文与自然的耦合是地理学应该始终坚持的方向。

基于自适应损失函数的句子级远程监督关系抽取

远程监督关系抽取是一种关系抽取方法,现有方法主要采用多实例学习,在具有相同实体对的样例包上进行关系抽取。但是,包级方法只能缓解却并不能完全解决错误标签问题。基于此,文中首先分析了干净数据和噪声数据的分布,提出了一种新的自适应损失函数;在此基础上,提出了一种基于自适应损失函数的句子级远程监督关系抽取方法。在公开数据集NYT-10以及基于TACRED的合成数据集上的实验结果表明:文中提出的方法优于对比文献中的方法,能够更有效地区分错误标签噪声样例和干净样例,提高了句子级远程监督关系抽取的准确率。

基于依存关系图注意力网络的SQL生成方法

研究基于自然语言问题的结构化查询语言(SQL)生成问题(Text-to-SQL).提出两阶段框架,旨在解耦模式链接和SQL生成过程,降低SQL生成的难度.第1阶段通过基于关系图注意力网络的模式链接器识别问题中提及的数据库表、列和值,利用问题的语法结构和数据库模式项之间的内部关系,指导模型学习问题与数据库的对齐关系.构建问题图时,针对Text-to-SQL任务的特点,在原始句法依存树的基础上,合并与模式链接无关的关系,添加并列结构中的从属词与句中其他成分间的依存关系,帮助模型捕获长距离依赖关系.第2阶段进行SQL生成,将对齐信息注入T5的编码器,对T5进行微调.在Spider、Spider-DK和Spider-Syn数据集上进行实验,实验结果显示,该方法具有良好的性能,尤其是对中等难度以上的Text-to-SQL问题具有良好的表现.

系统性红斑狼疮患者血清sMICA,sMICB水平与自身抗体表达及疾病活动度的相关性研究

目的探讨循环可溶性MHC-I类链相关蛋白A[soluble major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A,sMICA)、可溶性MHC-I类链相关蛋白B(soluble major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain B,sMICB]与系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)疾病活动性、自身抗体的关系。方法选择2020年1月~2023年1月重庆大学附属黔江医院收治的156例SLE患者(SLE组)和门诊体检中心体检的103例健康志愿者(对照组)。根据SLE疾病活动度评分(SLE disease activity index,SLEDAI)将SLE患者分为轻度活动组(n=43)、中度活动组(n=69)和重度活动组(n=44)。检测血清sMICA,sMICB水平以及自身抗体、外周血NK细胞占比,Spearman或Pearson分析sMICA,sMICB与评分、自身抗体、外周血NK细胞占比的相关性,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线用来分析sMICA和sMICB诊断SLE活动度的价值。结果SLE组血清sMICA(173.65±23.92 pg/ml),sMICB(96.35±15.74 pg/ml)水平高于对照组(32.51±6.27 pg/ml,12.03±2.47 pg/ml),外周血CD3^(-)CD56^(+)NK细胞(12.02%±2.65%)占比低于对照组(18.35%±3.71%),差异具有统计学意义(t=58.498,53.897,-16.010,均P<0.05)。重度活动组血清sMICA,sMICB水平高于中度活动组和轻度活动组(t=8.192,12.352;19.652,23.742,均P<0.05),外周血CD3^(-)CD56^(+)NK细胞占比低于中度活动组和轻度活动组(t=8.154,10.658,均P<0.05),差异具有统计学意义。不同疾病活动SLE患者抗‐dsDNA抗体、抗核抗体、抗核小体抗体和抗组蛋白抗体阳性率比较,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.795,7.216,7.539,8.946,均P<0.05)。SLE患者血清sMICA,sMICB水平与SLEDAI评分、抗‐dsDNA抗体、抗核抗体、抗核小体抗体、抗组蛋白抗体呈正相关(r=0.206~0.402,均P<0.05),与外周血CD3^(-)CD56^(+)NK细胞占比呈负相关(r=-0.563,-0.427,均P<0.05)。sMICA和sMICB诊断SLE重度活动的曲线下面积为0.652,0.704,联合sMICA,sMICB诊断SLE重度活动的曲线下面积为0.812,高于单独诊断(Z=3.050,2.346,均P<0.05)。结论SLE患者血清sMICA和sMICB水平增高,且与SLE自身抗体阳性率增加、外周血NK细胞占比降低、疾病活动性增强有关,可作为SLE的潜在标志物。

牙保存相关上颌窦底提升术的临床应用

上颌后牙是牙髓根尖周疾病的常见发病部位,在解剖上与上颌窦关系密切,炎症易扩散引发牙髓源性上颌窦炎。非手术治疗无效的难治性病例,常需联合进行显微根尖手术和上颌窦底提升术,笔者将其命名为牙保存相关上颌窦底提升术。上颌牙-牙槽骨-上颌窦复合体是该手术的解剖学基础,本文结合文献回顾及临床经验,详细讨论了牙保存相关上颌窦底提升术的应用场景及优势、适应证与禁忌证、治疗计划制定以及术式选择等关键问题,旨在探讨牙保存相关上颌窦底提升术在治疗上颌后牙牙髓源性上颌窦炎疾病中的临床应用,为该技术的临床应用提供了理论依据,同时为进一步规范其临床操作路径和制订多学科联合管理策略打下坚实的基础。

华北典型针叶混交林林下更新影响因素分析

天然更新在维持森林稳定性与森林群落动态变化方面发挥重要作用,探究其相关影响因素,为促进研究区林下更新提供科学依据。以庞泉沟自然保护区云杉华北落叶松混交林为对象,基于灰色关联度方法从林分结构、立地条件两方面探究影响混交林林下更新的关键因素。结果表明:1)华北落叶松与云杉的混交林中,云杉幼苗351株、幼树172株,华北落叶松仅有幼苗39株、幼树36株,云杉的更新能力较强;2)华北落叶松、云杉混交林天然更新的影响因子关联度排序为树种组成>海拔>大小比>角尺度>林分密度>林龄>坡向>郁闭度>混交度>坡度;整体上看,天然更新对林分结构和立地因子均有显著响应,其中树种组成是影响天然更新的最主要林分非空间结构因子,海拔是影响天然更新的最主要立地因子,大小比、角尺度是影响天然更新的主要林分空间结构因子。因此,在调整未来林分时,可通过优化林分结构来促使云杉、华北落叶松混交林天然更新,从而提高林分稳定性。

Contributors to tidal duration asymmetry with varied coastline configurations on western shelf of Yellow Sea

Coastal management in China is confronted with an urgent choice between natural restoration and maintenance of existing seawalls and reclaimed land for economic development.A key criterion for making this decision is the resilience to coastal flooding,which depends on the ability to predict tidal level.Tidal duration asymmetry(TDA)is a key parameter in determination of the arrival and duration of flood tides.This study selected the western inner shelf of the Yellow Sea(WYS)as the study area and investigated the responses of TDA to different shoreline configurations and relative sea level rise.The responses of TDA to shoreline reconstruction yielded spatial variability locally and remotely.In the nearshore area,the responses of TDA to the complex ocean environment mainly originated from the combined functions of reflection,bottom friction,and advection,which controlled the energy transfer from M2 or S2 constituents to their overtides or compound tides.The sensitivity of TDA to coastline typologies was not limited to coastal waters but could stretch over the entire inner shelf.The vulnerability of tidal responses was due to the displacement of the M2 amphidrome of the Kelvin wave on the WYS,which in turn changed tidal energy fluxes over the regime.The relative sea level rise could intensify the feedback of TDA to seawalls and land reclamation.

基于多特征驱动图注意卷积网络的关系抽取

针对基于句法依赖树和图卷积神经网络(GCN)的关系抽取(RE)任务中,由于句子中词与词之间的依赖连接被赋予相同权重所引入的噪声问题,提出一种基于多特征驱动图注意卷积网络(MFDA-GCN)的RE模型。该模型充分利用了句子的依赖类型、词性、相对实体位置等多种特征信息,通过引入注意力机制计算句法依赖树中不同连接的重要程度,再将多种特征信息动态地融入句子的词向量表示中。最后,根据词之间依赖连接的重要程度更有效地引导词信息传递,优化整个句子的词向量表示,进一步提高RE性能。实验结果表明,相较于其他基线模型,基于MFDA-GCN的RE模型具有更强的远距离词依赖捕获能力,且该模型在数据集SemEval-2010Task8和ACE2005EN上的F1值分别达到90.39%和79.86%。

一种基于异构图神经网络和文本语义增强的实体关系抽取方法

信息化时代,如何从海量自然语言文本中提取结构化信息已经成为研究热点。电力系统中繁杂的知识信息需要通过构建知识图谱来解决,而实体关系抽取是其上游的信息抽取任务,其完成度直接关系到知识图谱的有效性。而随着深度学习的不断发展,利用深度学习技术来完成实体关系抽取任务的研究逐渐展开并取得了良好的效果。然而目前依然存在文本语义应用不完全等问题。针对这些问题本文尝试提出了一种基于异构图神经网络和文本语义增强的实体关系抽取方法,该方法使用词节点与关系节点学习语义特征,并通过BRET与预训练任务分别获得两种节点的初始特征,使用多层图网络结构迭代更新,并在每一层中使用基于多头注意力机制的信息传递实现两种节点的交互。通过该模型与其他实体关系抽取在两个公开数据集上实验对比,所提模型取得了预期效果,在多种情境下普遍优于对比模型。