Defect engineering on BiFeO_(3) through Na and V codoping for aqueous Na-ion capacitors

Sodium with low cost and high abundance is considered as a substitute element of lithium for batteries and supercapacitors,which need the appropriate host materials to accommodate the relatively large Na^(+) ions.Compared to Li^(+) storage,Na^(+) storage makes higher demands on the structural optimization of perovskite bismuth ferrite(BiFeO_(3)).We propose a novel strategy of defect engineering on BiFeO_(3) through Na and V codoping for high-efficiency Na^(+) storage,to reveal the roles of oxygen vacancies and V ions played in the enhanced electrochemical energy storage performances of Na-ion capacitors.The formation of the oxygen vacancies in the Na and V codoped BiFeO_(3)(denoted as NV-BFO),is promoted by Na doping and suppressed by V doping,which can be demonstrated by XPS and EPR spectra.By the first-principles calculations,the oxygen vacancies and V ions in NV-BFO are confirmed to substantially lower the Na^(+)migration energy barriers through the space and electric field effects,to effectively promote the Na^(+) transport in the crystals.Electrochemical kinetic analysis of the NV-BFO//NV-BFO capacitors indicates the dominant capacitive-controlled capacity,which depends on fast Na^(+) deintercalation-intercalation process in the NV-BFO electrode.The NV-BFO//NV-BFO capacitors open up a new avenue for developing highperformance Na-ion capacitors.

Nd^(3+):GdScO_(3)晶体场能级及拟合分析

采用提拉法生长出了钕掺杂钪酸钆晶体(Nd^(3+):GdScO_(3)),通过低温吸收光谱和室温发射光谱,对其中Nd^(3+)的实验能级进行分析指认,确定了Nd^(3+):GdScO_(3)的66个实验Stark能级,拟合了其自由离子参数和晶体场参数,拟合均方根误差为13.17 cm^(–1).与Nd^(3+):YAP和Nd^(3+):YAG相比,Nd^(3+):GdScO_(3)的晶场强度较弱.弱的晶体场强度有可能是Nd^(3+):GdScO_(3)晶体具有优良激光特性的原因之一.本文数据集可在https://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.15702中访问获取.

Nd^(3+)掺杂钙钛锆石(Ca_(1-x)Nd_(x)ZrTi_(2)O_(7+x/2))相变行为的研究

为研究钙钛锆石对放射性元素Am^(3+)的稳定固化作用,以Nd^(3+)为Am^(3+)的模拟元素,系统研究了高温固相法制备Ca_(1-x)Nd_(x)ZrTi_(2)O_(7+x/2)时,Nd^(3+)异价取代钙钛锆石晶格中Ca^(2+)位(0≤x≤1.0)所导致的相态演变行为。合成Ca_(1-x)Nd_(x)ZrTi_(2)O_(7+x/2)的XRD、Raman、BSE和EDS测试结果表明:钙钛锆石(Zirconolite)晶格对Nd^(3+)离子的固溶量可达70%(x=0.7),可有效实现对Am^(3+)模拟元素Nd^(3+)离子的固化。但随着Nd^(3+)掺杂量(x≤0.3)增加,Zirconolite-2M晶格中O^(2-)和Nd^(3+)的无序化程度逐渐增加、(Ca/Nd)-O键长逐渐变小,直至(x=0.4)引起Zr^(2+)、Ti^(4+)附近的O^(2-)配位数发生改变(ZrO7→ZrO8、TiO5→TiO6),Zirconolite-2M晶格结构开始向Zirconolite-4M转变。x=0.5时,陶瓷体完全转变为Zirconolite-4M晶格且O^(2-)和Nd^(3+)有序度重新变高、Ti—O键长增加;直至x=0.6、x=0.7时,陶瓷体仍为单一Zirconolite-4M结构,但晶格中O^(2-)和Nd^(3+)的有序度又逐渐降低,以至于在x=0.7陶瓷体亚晶格中微量Ca^(2+)、Zr^(4+)、Nd^(3+)离子占位转变为烧绿石(Pyrochlore)结构。而在0.8≤x≤0.9范围内,Zirconolite-4M结构完全消失,陶瓷体为多相共存状态(Pyrochlore、ZrTiO_(4)和Nd2(TiZr)_(4)O_(11)物相)。Nd^(3+)完全取代Ca^(2+)位(x=1.0)时,陶瓷体变为单一Nd2(TiZr)_(4)O_(11)固溶体相。陶瓷体晶粒的BSE和EDS分析证实了这种相变规律。

g-C_(3)N_(4)-Nd的制备及其光催化性能

通过热聚合法成功制备了g-C_(3)N_(4)-Nd复合催化剂,利用SEM、XRD、FT-IR和紫外-可见漫反射光谱仪等分析方法探究了其微观形貌、晶体结构和光催化特性。结果显示,g-C_(3)N_(4)-Nd复合催化剂展现出优异的光催化性能,当Nd负载质量分数为1.5%时,光催化降解效果最佳,其对盐酸四环素(TCH)的降解率从51.1%提升至68.5%。经过3次连续的降解试验验证,g-C_(3)N_(4)-Nd复合光催化剂具备优异的重复利用性能。

Luminescence regulation of Sb^(3+)in 0D hybrid metal halides by hydrogen bond network for optical anti-counterfeiting

The Sb^(3+) doping strategy has been proven to be an effective way to regulate the band gap and improve the photophysical properties of organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides(OIHMHs).However,the emission of Sb^(3+) ions in OIHMHs is primarily confined to the low energy region,resulting in yellow or red emissions.To date,there are few reports about green emission of Sb^(3+)-doped OIHMHs.Here,we present a novel approach for regulating the luminescence of Sb^(3+) ions in 0D C_(10)H_(2)_(2)N_(6)InCl_(7)·H_(2)O via hydrogen bond network,in which water molecules act as agents for hydrogen bonding.Sb^(3+)-doped C_(10)H_(2)2N_(6)InCl_(7)·H_(2)O shows a broadband green emission peaking at 540 nm and a high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)of 80%.It is found that the intense green emission stems from the radiative recombination of the self-trapped excitons(STEs).Upon removal of water molecules with heat,C_(10)H_(2)_(2)N_(6)In_(1-x)Sb_(x)Cl_(7) generates yellow emis-sion,attributed to the breaking of the hydrogen bond network and large structural distortions of excited state.Once water molecules are adsorbed by C_(10)H_(2)_(2)N_(6)In_(1-x)Sb_(x)Cl_(7),it can subsequently emit green light.This water-induced reversible emission switching is successfully used for optical security and information encryption.Our findings expand the under-standing of how the local coordination structure influences the photophysical mechanism in Sb^(3+)-doped metal halides and provide a novel method to control the STEs emission.

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypoxanthine detection in aquatic products based on the enzyme mimics and fluorescence of cobalt-doped carbon nitride

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypoxanthine(Hx)detection was established based on the mimic enzyme and fluorescence characteristics of cobalt-doped graphite-phase carbon nitride(Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)).In addition to emitting strong fluorescence,the peroxidase activity of Co doped g-C_(3)N_(4)can catalyze the reaction of O-phenylenediamine and H_(2)O_(2)to produce diallyl phthalate which can emit yellow fluorescence at 570 nm.Through the decomposition of Hx by xanthine oxidase,Hx can be indirectly detected by the generating hydrogen peroxide based on the measurement of fluorescent ratio I(F_(570)/F_(370)).The linear range was 1.7-272.2 mg/kg(R^(2)=0.997),and the detection limit was 1.52 mg/kg(3σ/K,n=9).The established method was applied to Hx detection in bass,grass carp,and shrimp,and the data were verified by HPLC.The result shows that the established probe is sensitive,accurate,and reliable,and can be used for Hx detection in aquatic products.

Yb^(3+)/Nd^(3+)掺杂对Sr_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_(7)∶Cr^(3+)发光性能的影响

近红外荧光粉由于其独特的物理特性和广阔的应用前景吸引了人们极大的研究兴趣。本文通过高温固相反应法合成Sr_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_(7)∶0.8Cr^(3+)近红外荧光粉,使用460 nm蓝光激发样品的发射波长位于833 nm,半峰宽为117 nm。随后引入稀土离子合成Sr_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_(7)∶0.8Cr^(3+),Yb^(3+)和Sr_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_(7)∶0.8Cr^(3+),Nd^(3+)近红外荧光粉。相比Sr_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_(7)∶0.8Cr^(3+),460 nm蓝光激发的Sr_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_(7)∶0.8Cr^(3+),Yb^(3+)同时出现Cr^(3+)和Yb^(3+)特征发射峰,经过光谱分析和荧光寿命变化证明Cr^(3+)-Yb^(3+)存在能量传递通道,最高使Cr^(3+)-Yb^(3+)能量传递效率达80.2%,得益于Yb^(3+)卓越的热稳定性促使整体荧光光谱热稳定性提高约3.7倍。设计合成的Sr_(9)Ga(PO_(4))_7∶0.8Cr^(3+),Nd^(3+)样品调制出833,876,1 060 nm的多峰发射,显著拓宽了近红外光谱范围。最终,讨论了荧光粉在温度传感和无损检测领域的应用,证明该系列荧光粉具有广阔的应用前景。

Concise Strategies to Enhance the High-Rate Performance of Li_(3)VO_(4) Anodes:Cl Doping,Carbon Coating,and Spherical Architecture Design

The safe operating voltage and low volume variation of Li_(3)VO_(4)(LVO)make it an ideal anode material for lithium(Li)-ion batteries.However,the insufficient understanding of the inner storage mechanism hinders the design of LVO-based electrodes.Herein,we investigate,for the first time,the Li-ion storage activity in LVO via Cl doping.Moreover,N-doped C coating was simultaneously achieved in the Cl doping process,resulting in synergistically improved reaction kinetics.As a result,the as-prepared Cl-doped Li_(3)VO_(4) coated with N-doped C(Cl-LVO@NC)electrodes deliver a discharge capacity of 884.1 mAh/g after 200 cycles at 0.2 A/g,which is the highest among all of the LVO-based electrodes.The Cl-LVO@NC electrodes also exhibit high-capacity retention of 331.1 mAh/g at 8.0 A/g and full capacity recovery after 5 periods of rate testing over 400 cycles.After 5000 cycles at 4.0 A/g,the discharge capacity can be maintained at 423.2 mAh/g,which is superior to most LVO-based electrodes.The Li-ion storage activity in LVO via Cl doping and significant improvement in the high-rate Li-ion storage reported in this work can be used as references for the design of advanced LVO-based electrodes for high-power applications.

Preparation of Sn-doped Ga_(2)O_(3) thin films and their solar-blind photoelectric detection performance

Sn doping is an effective way to improve the response rate of Ga_(2)O_(3) film based solar-blind detectors. In this paper,Sn-doped Ga_(2)O_(3) films were prepared on a sapphire substrate by radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, and the effect of annealing atmosphere on the properties of films was studied. The Ga_(2)O_(3) films changed from amorphous to β-Ga_(2)O_(3) after annealing at 900 °C. The films were composed of micro crystalline particles with a diameter of about 5–20 nm.The β-Ga_(2)O_(3) had high transmittance for wavelengths above 300 nm, and obvious absorption for solar-blind signals at 200–280 nm.The metal semiconductor metal type solar-blind detectors were prepared. The detector based on Sn-doped β-Ga_(2)O_(3) thin film annealed in N_2 has the best response performance to 254 nm light. The photo-current is 10 μA at 20 V, the dark-current is 5.76 pA,the photo dark current ratio is 1.7 × 10~6, the response rate is 12.47 A/W, the external quantum efficiency is 6.09 × 10~3%, the specific detection rate is 2.61 × 10~(12) Jones, the response time and recovery time are 378 and 90 ms, respectively.

Dielectric polarization in MgFe_(2)O_(4) coating and bulk doping to enhance high-voltage cycling stability of Na_(2/3)Ni_(1/3)Mn_(2/3)O_(2) cathode material

Charging P2-Na_(2/3)Ni_(1/3)Mn_(2/3)O_(2)to 4.5 V for higher capacity is enticing.However,it leads to severe capacity fading,ascribing to the lattice oxygen evolution and the P2-O2 phase transformation.Here,the Mg Fe_(2)O_(4) coating and Mg,Fe co-doping were constructed simultaneously by Mg,Fe surface treatment to suppress lattice oxygen evolution and P2-O2 phase transformation of P2-Na_(2/3)Ni_(1/3)Mn_(2/3)O_(2)at deep charging.Through ex-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD)tests,we found that the Mg,Fe bulk co-doping could reduce the repulsion between transition metals and Na+/vacancies ordering,thus inhibiting the P2-O2 phase transition and significantly reducing the irreversible volume change of the material.Meanwhile,the internal electric field formed by the dielectric polarization of Mg Fe_(2)O_(4) effectively inhibits the outward migration of oxidized O^(a-)(a<2),thereby suppressing the lattice oxygen evolution at deep charging,confirmed by in situ Raman and ex situ XPS techniques.P2-Na NM@MF-3 shows enhanced high-voltage cycling performance with capacity retentions of 84.8% and 81.3%at 0.1 and 1 C after cycles.This work sheds light on regulating the surface chemistry for Na-layered oxide materials to enhance the high-voltage performance of Na-ion batteries.

CuO掺杂C_(3)N对C_(5)F_(10)O分解组分吸附性能的第一性原理研究

全氟五碳酮(C_(5)F_(10)O)作为可替代SF_(6)的新型环保绝缘气体已被投入到实际应用中.当绝缘设备内部发生局部放电等故障时,C_(5)F_(10)O会分解产生弱绝缘性的CF_(4)、C_(2)F_(6)以及剧毒的CF_(2)O、HF等有害组分,为保证绝缘设备的安全运行,需有选择地通过吸附去除这些分解组分.新型类石墨烯C_(3)N材料在气体吸附领域具有良好的应用前景,文中基于第一性原理计算了CuO分子掺杂C_(3)N对主要分解组分CF_(4)、C_(2)F_(6)及剧毒产物CF_(2)O、HF的吸附过程,计算并分析了各分解组分吸附时的吸附能、态密度、电荷转移量、差分电荷密度以及不同环境温度下的恢复时间.结果表明,CuO-C_(3)N对HF表现出良好的吸附性,CF_(2)O次之,但其无法吸附CF_(4)与C_(2)F_(6),因此CuO-C_(3)N可以作为一种高性能的气体吸附剂对C_(5)F_(10)O绝缘设备内的剧毒分解组分HF进行吸附去除.

(Nd_(1-x)Ca_(x))(Al_(1-x)Fe_(x))O_(3-x/2)(x=0~0.3)陶瓷铁弹性和红外发射率研究

采用1600℃高温固相反应6 h,在NdAlO_(3)中引入Ca^(2+),Fe^(3+)合成(Nd_(1-x)Ca_(x))(Al_(1-x)Fe_(x))O_(3-x/2)(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3),并采用放电等离子烧结(spark plasma sintering,SPS)陶瓷试样,探究Ca^(2+),Fe^(3+)的引入对NdAlO_(3)的物相组成、发射率和铁弹性的影响。结果表明:高温固相反应成功形成固溶体;引入Ca^(2+)和Fe^(3+)后,氧空位增加并产生轻微晶格畸变,使NdAlO_(3)在2.5~10μm的发射率最高提升至0.9;杂质离子的引入使物相由菱方相逐渐转变为立方相,从而导致铁弹畴消失,但陶瓷试样的断裂韧度仍保持较高水平。

Nd^(3+)、Sm^(3+)和Eu^(3+)单掺杂NiTiO_(3)的光电磁性能

采用溶胶−凝胶法合成纳米Ni_(1−x)R_(x)TiO_(3)(R=Nd、Sm和Eu,x=0、0.05和0.1)粉末,结合X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、拉曼光谱及综合物性测量系统等表征技术,系统研究了Nd、Sm和Eu掺杂对钛酸镍(NiTiO_(3))微观结构和光电磁性能的影响。结果表明:所有样品均出现O—Ti键和O—Ni键的电荷转移(200~365 nm),Ni^(2+)的^(3)A_(2g)(^(3)F)→^(3)T_(1g)(^(3)P)自旋容许跃迁(450 nm),^(1)T_(2g)(^(1)D)、^(1)A_(1g)(^(1)G)的自旋禁阻跃迁(490~520 nm)以及^(1)E_(g)(^(1)D)的自旋禁阻跃迁(743 nm)。Nd掺杂样品的吸收光谱在588 nm附近出现与八面体位置Nd^(3+)电子跃迁有关的吸收峰,样品从黄色变为绿色。所有样品均在室温下表现出反铁磁性和铁电性,且Ni位掺杂Nd、Sm和Eu能显著增强NiTiO_(3)的铁电性。掺杂离子半径较大的元素导致晶格畸变,促进铁电畴的转动,增强铁电性。

Oxygen vacancy defects engineering on Cu-doped Co_(3)O_(4) for promoting effective COS hydrolysis

The activation of H_(2)O is a key step of the COS hydrolysis,which may be tuned by oxygen vacancy defects in the catalysts.Herein,we have introduced Cu into Co_(3)O_(4) to regulate the oxygen vacancy defect content of the catalysts.In situ DRIFTS and XPS spectra reveal that COS and H_(2)O are adsorbed and activated by oxygen vacancy.The 10 at%Cu doped Co_(3)O_(4) sample(10Cu-Co_(3)O_(4))exhibits the optimal activity,100%of COS conversion at 70℃.The improved oxygen vacancies of CueCo_(3)O_(4) accelerate the activation of H_(2)O to form active -OH.COS binds with hydroxyl to form the intermediate HSCO^(-)_(2),and then the activated-OH on the oxygen vacancy reacts with HSCO^(-)_(2) to form HCO^(-)_(3).Meanwhile,the catalyst exhibits high catalytic stability because copper species(Cu+/Cu^(2+))redox cycle mitigate the sulfation of Co_(3)O_(4)(Co^(2+)/Co^(3+)).Our work offers a promising approach for the rational design of cobalt-related catalysts in the highly efficient hydrolysis COS process.

溶液燃烧法制备Nd^(3+)掺杂LaBO_(3)荧光粉

以La(NO_(3))_(3)·6H_(2)O、H_(3)BO_(3)为原料、C_(2)H_(5)NO_(2)为燃烧剂、Nd(NO_(3))_(3)·6H_(2)O为改性剂,通过溶液燃烧法合成Nd^(3+)掺杂LaBO_(3)荧光粉。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)以及荧光光谱(PL)对产物进行表征分析。结果表明,制备的粉体均为正交晶系硼酸镧,在煅烧温度875℃、Nd^(3+)掺杂量3%的优化条件下制备的硼酸镧荧光粉发光性能最好,且其在紫外光区和可见光区均表现出良好的光吸收性能,发蓝绿色光,可广泛应用于激光照明和LED照明等领域。

Boosting High-Voltage and Ultralong-Cycling Performance of Single-Crystal LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_(2) Cathode Materials via Three-in-One Modification

LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_(2) is extensively researched as one of the most widely used commercially materials for Li-ion batteries at present.However,the poor high-voltage performance(≥4.3 V)with low reversible capacity limits its replacement for LiCoO_(2) in high-end digital field.Herein,three-in-one modification,Na-doping and Al_(2)O_(3)@Li_(3)BO_(3) dual-coating simultaneously,is explored for single-crystalline LiNi_(0.5)Co_(0.2)Mn_(0.3)O_(2)(N-NCM@AB),which exhibits excellent high-voltage performance.N-NCM@AB displays a discharge-specific capacity of 201.8 mAh g^(−1) at 0.2 C with a high upper voltage of 4.6 V and maintains 158.9 mAh g^(−1) discharge capacity at 1 C over 200 cycles with the corresponding capacity retention of 87.8%.Remarkably,the N-NCM@AB||graphite pouch-type full cell retains 81.2% of its initial capacity with high working voltage of 4.4 V over 1600 cycles.More importantly,the fundamental understandings of three-in-one modification on surface morphology,crystal structure,and phase transformation of N-NCM@AB are clearly revealed.The Na+doped into the Li–O slab can enhance the bond energy,stabilize the crystal structure,and facilitate Li+transport.Additionally,the interior surface layer of Li^(+)-ions conductor Li_(3)BO_(3) relieves the charge transfer resistance with surface coating,whereas the outer surface Al_(2)O_(3) coating layer is beneficial for reducing the active materials loss and alleviating the electrode/electrolyte parasite reaction.This three-in-one strategy provides a reference for the further research on the performance attenuation mechanism of NCM,paving a new avenue to boost the high-voltage performance of NCM cathode in Li-ion batteries.

Mn^(2+)掺杂对YAG∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷发光性能的影响

过渡族金属Mn^(2+)掺杂的石榴石荧光陶瓷被认为是实现高显色激光照明的候选材料。然而,由于Mn^(2+)在不同配位环境下离子半径的多样性,Mn^(2+)掺杂石榴石陶瓷体系设计方案尚不明确。本文采用真空烧结技术制备得到不同浓度Mn^(2+)掺杂的YAG∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷,并将Mn^(2+)分别设计进入八面体(OC)和十二面体(DO)格位。通过表征样品物相和显微结构、光致发光、荧光寿命、量子效率等,并通过LD激光器激发对荧光陶瓷的发光性能进行研究。实验结果表明,在添加电荷与体积补偿剂SiO_(2)的前提下,相比Mn^(2+)进入十二面体格位,Mn^(2+)进入八面体后石榴石的晶体结构更加稳定。因此,当Mn^(2+)的浓度控制在0.5%^(6)%(at)范围内,OC系列样品的量子效率高于DO系列样品。此外,OC系列样品的PL谱中位于588 nm和725 nm处的发射峰分别对应于Mn^(2+)占据八面体和十二面体格位的^(4)T_(1)→^(6)A_(1)电子跃迁,而DO系列样品中位于572 nm处的发射峰则源于Mn^(2+)占据扭曲的十二面体格位产生的电子跃迁。得益于Ce^(3+)→Mn^(2+)间高效的能量传递,将浓度为6%(at)的Mn^(2+)设计进入YAG∶Ce^(3+)中八面体格位制得荧光陶瓷,封装得到的激光白光光源的显色指数为70.8,相对色温为5117 K。本文对于Mn^(2+)掺杂的石榴石发光材料的开发研究是有力补充,也为提升YAG∶Ce^(3+)荧光陶瓷光谱中的红光成分,进而提高医疗、显示等领域的激光光源的显色性能提供借鉴。

V-Vo-Co_(3)O_(4)催化剂的制备及其析氧性能的研究

阳极的析氧反应(OER)是限制电解水制氢的主要因素,传统的OER电催化剂由于活性低、稳定性差等缺点无法实现大规模使用。过渡金属氧化物Co_(3)O_(4)是一种很有前景的OER催化剂,但较弱的导电性仍然制约着其电催化性能。通过对Co_(3)O_(4)进行改性以增强电催化活性及稳定性,分别在NaBH4和VCl_(3)水溶液中两步浸泡法合成了富氧空位、V掺杂的Co_(3)O_(4)催化剂。利用XRD、SEM、EDS、TEM、HRTEM、SAED、拉曼光谱、XPS等手段对催化剂的相纯度、晶体结构、微观形貌、含有的官能团及化学键等性质进行测试和分析,并对催化剂进行电化学性能测试。结果表明:氧空位的引入使晶格间距有所增大,V成功掺杂到了Vo-Co_(3)O_(4)/NF(Vo指氧空位)结构中;氧空位和V掺杂协同提高了Co_(3)O_(4)/NF的OER性能。在1 mol/L KOH中,V-Vo-Co_(3)O_(4)/NF仅需253 mV/270 mV的过电位就能驱动50(mA·cm^(-2))/100(mA·cm^(-2))的电流密度,Tafel斜率为71.5 mV/dec,并具有100 h的稳定性。其性能的提升主要归因于V掺杂及氧空位的引入对Co_(3)O_(4)电子构型的调控,低结晶度的表面暴露了更多活性位点,以及亲水性的增强有利于OER过程中反应中间体的吸附和解吸。

Pr掺杂Sm_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO_(3)阴极的性能研究

固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)因能量转换效率高,绿色无污染而备受关注。研究发现,钙钛矿结构的Sm_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO_(3-δ)(SSC)是电子-离子混合导体,具有良好的氧还原活性,以及电导率高、极化电阻低等优点。为了探究镧系元素Pr掺杂对SSC阴极性能的影响,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Pr_(x)Sm_(0.5-x)Sr_(0.5)CoO_(3)(x=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5)阴极粉体,对其进行一系列表征和电化学性能测试。电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试表明,当Pr掺杂量为0.3时,PSSC-30阴极在550~750℃范围内的极化电阻均小于其他掺杂量;在700℃时,全电池的功率密度达到最大,为311.06mW/cm^(2)。

MOFs衍生多孔TiO_(2)/C、N掺杂Fe_(2)O_(3)复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

将TiO_(2)加入NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe)前驱体中,采用溶剂热法制备TiO_(2)/NH_(2)-MIL-101(Fe),进一步经高温热处理得到TiO_(2)/C、N掺杂Fe_(2)O_(3)复合材料(TiO_(2)/C、N-Fe_(2)O_(3))。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见分光漫反射(UV-Vis DRS)和荧光光谱(PL)等方法对所得样品的晶体结构、形貌特征、组成及光谱特性进行表征。在模拟太阳光照射下对罗丹明B(RhB)溶液进行降解,评价其光催化活性。结果表明,C、N均匀掺杂在Fe_(2)O_(3)中,TiO_(2)复合C、N掺杂Fe_(2)O_(3)后禁带宽度减小,模拟太阳光照射2.5 h后,在0.1 g/L TiO_(2)/C、N-Fe_(2)O_(3)复合材料的光催化作用下,10 mg/L罗丹明B的去除率达到95%,速率常速为0.0192 min^(-1),效果较TiO_(2)和C、N-Fe_(2)O_(3)有明显提高。所得复合材料稳定性好、可重复利用。MOFs衍生多孔C、N掺杂Fe_(2)O_(3)与TiO_(2)的复合缩短了带隙,强化了空穴与电子的分离从而提高可见光催化活性。