The technological condition for the preparation of BaTiO 3 ceramics doped with Nd ￡2O￡3 by Sol￡-Gel was deter￡-mined through orthogonal experimen t￡(r)WhennBa ￡¨Ac ￡(c) ￡2??nTi ￡¨OC ￡′H￡1￡(c)￡...The technological condition for the preparation of BaTiO 3 ceramics doped with Nd ￡2O￡3 by Sol￡-Gel was deter￡-mined through orthogonal experimen t￡(r)WhennBa ￡¨Ac ￡(c) ￡2??nTi ￡¨OC ￡′H￡1￡(c)￡′??n Nd ￡2O￡3??nCH￡3￡¨CH￡2￡(c)2CH 2OH∶n H2 O￡1/2￡±￡(r)￡°￡°??￡±￡(r)￡°￡°??￡°￡(r)￡°￡°￡3??￡*￡(r)￡3￡°??￡3￡*￡(r)￡°￡′￡?pH ￡1/2￡3￡(r)￡μ￡?T￡1/225℃,the light-yellow-transparen t-stable solution and thorough tran sparent gel was generat￡-ed￡?the transforming time of solutio n to gel was ￡2￡μh￡(r)The crystal structur e and particle size of BaTiO3 ceramics doped with Nd 2O3 were studied by SEM and X-ray respectively￡?the type of the crystal was tetragonal￡?the particle size was about ￡2￡′￡(r)7nm￡(r)The dielectric constant ￡¨|?￡(c)and dielectric loss￡¨tan|?￡(c)of BaTiO3 ceramics doped with Nd 2O3 were determined between 10 4 ?10 6 Hz,and the results showed that the di electric constant was increased obviously,the dielectric loss was d ecreased clear and the resistivity(ρ V ￡(c)was also decreased noticeably￡(r)展开更多
Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3ceramics（the additive content was respectively 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.005, 0.01 molar ratio）were prepared by Sol-Gel method to study their dielectric characteristics and electric conductivities thr...Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3ceramics（the additive content was respectively 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.005, 0.01 molar ratio）were prepared by Sol-Gel method to study their dielectric characteristics and electric conductivities through X-ray photoelectron spectrum （XPS）. The results showed that the dielectric characteristics of Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3 ceramics were improved by doping. When Nd2O3 content was 0.003 mol, the results were even better, the dielectric constant was increased, the dielectric loss was decreased, the Curie-temperature （Tc） was 110 ℃, and the frequency characteristic was also good. The resistivity of Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3 ceramics was lower than that of pure BaTiO3 ceramics, when Nd2O3 content was 0.001 mol,the resistivity was （2.364×）108 Ω·m, the smallest. The grain resistance of Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3 ceramics exhibited NTC effect, but the grain boundary resistance showed PTC effect, and the grain boundary resistance was larger than that of the grain resistance, so the PTC effect originated from the grain boundary. The analysis of the element binding energy through X-ray photoelectron spectrum were indicated that the quantivalence of Ba2+and Ti4+in Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3 ceramics was variable, and resulted in the improvement of the conductibility of BaTiO3 ceramics.展开更多
The influence of additive Nd_2O_3 on varistor voltage and microstructure of ZnO varistor was studied,and its mechanism was proposed from theoretical analysis. The results show that the varistor voltage of ZnO varistor...The influence of additive Nd_2O_3 on varistor voltage and microstructure of ZnO varistor was studied,and its mechanism was proposed from theoretical analysis. The results show that the varistor voltage of ZnO varistor increases with the content of Nd_2O_3 in the range of 0～0.04 (%,mol fraction). However when the content of Nd_2O_3 is more than 0.04 (%,mol fraction),the varistor voltage of ZnO varistor decreases with the content increase. The microstructure analysis indicates that a small amount of new compound with Nd exists at ZnO grain boundary and hinders the movement of grain boundary,which decreases the size of ZnO grain and makes the grain size and distribution homogeneous,as a result,additive (Nd_2O_3) raises the varistor voltage of the varistor greatly.展开更多
A Pt-Rh three-way catalyst（M-DS） supported on CeO_2-ZrO_2-La_2O_3-Nd_2O_3 and its analogous supported catalyst（DS） were developed via a modified double-solvent method and conventional double-solvent method, respec...A Pt-Rh three-way catalyst（M-DS） supported on CeO_2-ZrO_2-La_2O_3-Nd_2O_3 and its analogous supported catalyst（DS） were developed via a modified double-solvent method and conventional double-solvent method, respectively. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by N_2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, CO-chemisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction（H_2-TPR）. The preformed Pt nanoparticles generated using ethanol as a reducing agent on M-DS presented enhanced Pt dispersion regardless of aging treatment as confirmed by XRD and CO-chemisorption measurements. The textural properties and reduction ability of M-DS were maintained to a large extent after aging treatment. This result was consistent with those of the N_2 adsorption-desorption and H_2-TPR, respectively. Meanwhile, the XPS analysis demonstrated that higher Pt^0 species and larger Ce^（3＋） concentration could be obtained for M-DS. In the conversion of a simulated compressed natural gas（CNG） vehicle exhaust, both fresh and aged M-DS showed a significant enhancement in the activity and N_2-selectivity. Particularly, the complete conversion temperature（T_（90）） of CH_4 over the aged M-DS catalyst was 65 oC lower than that over the aged catalyst by conventional double-solvent method.展开更多
文摘The technological condition for the preparation of BaTiO 3 ceramics doped with Nd ￡2O￡3 by Sol￡-Gel was deter￡-mined through orthogonal experimen t￡(r)WhennBa ￡¨Ac ￡(c) ￡2??nTi ￡¨OC ￡′H￡1￡(c)￡′??n Nd ￡2O￡3??nCH￡3￡¨CH￡2￡(c)2CH 2OH∶n H2 O￡1/2￡±￡(r)￡°￡°??￡±￡(r)￡°￡°??￡°￡(r)￡°￡°￡3??￡*￡(r)￡3￡°??￡3￡*￡(r)￡°￡′￡?pH ￡1/2￡3￡(r)￡μ￡?T￡1/225℃,the light-yellow-transparen t-stable solution and thorough tran sparent gel was generat￡-ed￡?the transforming time of solutio n to gel was ￡2￡μh￡(r)The crystal structur e and particle size of BaTiO3 ceramics doped with Nd 2O3 were studied by SEM and X-ray respectively￡?the type of the crystal was tetragonal￡?the particle size was about ￡2￡′￡(r)7nm￡(r)The dielectric constant ￡¨|?￡(c)and dielectric loss￡¨tan|?￡(c)of BaTiO3 ceramics doped with Nd 2O3 were determined between 10 4 ?10 6 Hz,and the results showed that the di electric constant was increased obviously,the dielectric loss was d ecreased clear and the resistivity(ρ V ￡(c)was also decreased noticeably￡(r)
文摘Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3ceramics（the additive content was respectively 0.001, 0.002, 0.003, 0.005, 0.01 molar ratio）were prepared by Sol-Gel method to study their dielectric characteristics and electric conductivities through X-ray photoelectron spectrum （XPS）. The results showed that the dielectric characteristics of Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3 ceramics were improved by doping. When Nd2O3 content was 0.003 mol, the results were even better, the dielectric constant was increased, the dielectric loss was decreased, the Curie-temperature （Tc） was 110 ℃, and the frequency characteristic was also good. The resistivity of Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3 ceramics was lower than that of pure BaTiO3 ceramics, when Nd2O3 content was 0.001 mol,the resistivity was （2.364×）108 Ω·m, the smallest. The grain resistance of Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3 ceramics exhibited NTC effect, but the grain boundary resistance showed PTC effect, and the grain boundary resistance was larger than that of the grain resistance, so the PTC effect originated from the grain boundary. The analysis of the element binding energy through X-ray photoelectron spectrum were indicated that the quantivalence of Ba2+and Ti4+in Nd2O3 doped BaTiO3 ceramics was variable, and resulted in the improvement of the conductibility of BaTiO3 ceramics.
文摘The influence of additive Nd_2O_3 on varistor voltage and microstructure of ZnO varistor was studied,and its mechanism was proposed from theoretical analysis. The results show that the varistor voltage of ZnO varistor increases with the content of Nd_2O_3 in the range of 0～0.04 (%,mol fraction). However when the content of Nd_2O_3 is more than 0.04 (%,mol fraction),the varistor voltage of ZnO varistor decreases with the content increase. The microstructure analysis indicates that a small amount of new compound with Nd exists at ZnO grain boundary and hinders the movement of grain boundary,which decreases the size of ZnO grain and makes the grain size and distribution homogeneous,as a result,additive (Nd_2O_3) raises the varistor voltage of the varistor greatly.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0204902)
文摘A Pt-Rh three-way catalyst（M-DS） supported on CeO_2-ZrO_2-La_2O_3-Nd_2O_3 and its analogous supported catalyst（DS） were developed via a modified double-solvent method and conventional double-solvent method, respectively. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by N_2 adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, CO-chemisorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction（H_2-TPR）. The preformed Pt nanoparticles generated using ethanol as a reducing agent on M-DS presented enhanced Pt dispersion regardless of aging treatment as confirmed by XRD and CO-chemisorption measurements. The textural properties and reduction ability of M-DS were maintained to a large extent after aging treatment. This result was consistent with those of the N_2 adsorption-desorption and H_2-TPR, respectively. Meanwhile, the XPS analysis demonstrated that higher Pt^0 species and larger Ce^（3＋） concentration could be obtained for M-DS. In the conversion of a simulated compressed natural gas（CNG） vehicle exhaust, both fresh and aged M-DS showed a significant enhancement in the activity and N_2-selectivity. Particularly, the complete conversion temperature（T_（90）） of CH_4 over the aged M-DS catalyst was 65 oC lower than that over the aged catalyst by conventional double-solvent method.
