A V-shaped nylon net fence installed in 1990 on top of the Mogao Grottoes is shown to be effectively resisting aeolian sand damage to the grottoes. The structure guides and causes deposition of sand from westerly wind...A V-shaped nylon net fence installed in 1990 on top of the Mogao Grottoes is shown to be effectively resisting aeolian sand damage to the grottoes. The structure guides and causes deposition of sand from westerly wind （the primary hard wind）, but to some extent hinders the inverse function of easterly wind carrying sand away from the grottoes toward Mount Mingsha. The gobi side by the fence experiences higher wind speed, so that on which are easily formed undercutting pits, and the deposited sands on it generally form double-peak structures due to abundant sand sources. If the earth surface characteristics in gobi areas by both sides of the fence are quite varied, the erosion and deposition features of the accumulating sand section are similar in different seasons; however, if the earth surface characteristics are similar, the features become irregular in different seasons. Sand depositions with long slope feet are formed along the south and north sides of V-shaped nylon net fence. Disrupted by strong westerly wind and northwesterly wind, sand accumulations by north of the fence are in form of single peaks. Although the operation duration of the V-shaped nylon net fence has exceeded its design life （10 years）, our observations indicate that it is still effective in reducing wind-driven sand damages to the Mogao Grottoes, so it should not be withdrawn.展开更多
In order to further improve the precision forming efficiency of a sand mold digital patternless casting and reduce the amount of sand mold cutting, a method for near-net forming of the sand mold with digital flexible ...In order to further improve the precision forming efficiency of a sand mold digital patternless casting and reduce the amount of sand mold cutting, a method for near-net forming of the sand mold with digital flexible extrusion technology was put forward. The theory, optimization algorithm and technology for sand mold nearnet forming were studied. Experimental results show that the sand mold forming efficiency can be increased by 34%, and the molding sand can be reduced by 44%. The method for near-net forming of a sand mold with digital flexible extrusion technology can effectively promote the application of digital patternless casting technology in the mass production of castings and thus greatly improves the efficiency and automation of sand mold manufacturing.展开更多
目的选择以海砂和珊瑚作为骨料,海水作为拌合水,采用先预湿珊瑚,再与水泥砂浆拌合的方法,制备一种新型活性矿物海水海砂珊瑚混凝土(Mineral Sea Rock Concrete,MSRC),解决建筑工程中砂石短缺等问题。方法通过坍落度和抗压强度试验,分别...目的选择以海砂和珊瑚作为骨料,海水作为拌合水,采用先预湿珊瑚,再与水泥砂浆拌合的方法,制备一种新型活性矿物海水海砂珊瑚混凝土(Mineral Sea Rock Concrete,MSRC),解决建筑工程中砂石短缺等问题。方法通过坍落度和抗压强度试验,分别分析净水灰比、骨料含水率和砂率对MSRC的和易性与抗压强度的影响。结果砂率在45%~58%内,坍落度随着砂率的增大而增大;砂率在58%~60%内,坍落度随着砂率的增大而减小;骨料含水率为12%时,混凝土拌合物和易性最优,立方体抗压强度最高;净水灰比为0.43、砂率为47%,骨料含水率12%的立方体抗压强度比骨料含水率9%和15%分别高3.9%和10.6%;强度等级相同时,随着砂率的增大,立方体抗压强度先增大后减小;对于强度等级为MSRC20、MSRC25和MSRC30的混凝土配合比,净水灰比分别为0.43、0.41和0.30时,立方体抗压强度取得最大值;MSRC前期抗压强度发展较快,超过15d时,抗压强度增长速度逐渐缓慢;基于试验结果,提出了立方体抗压强度计算公式,通过试验结果及公式计算结果对比可得,提出的计算公式与试验结果吻合良好。结论笔者制备的MSRC具有良好的和易性与力学性能,研究成果可以为MSRC的配合比设计和工程应用提供重要依据。展开更多
This present paper studied the technological characteristics of seawater treated by sand filtering, net filtering and reserve-water disinfection.The results showed that after treatment the average filtering ratio of p...This present paper studied the technological characteristics of seawater treated by sand filtering, net filtering and reserve-water disinfection.The results showed that after treatment the average filtering ratio of phytoplankton was 89.98%,and that of zooplankton was 89.5%; that it can isolate the other species of shrimp and crab by the filtering net of more than 40 mesh,and it was difficult for Copepoda to pass through the filtering net of more than 60 mesh,so it can block the horizontal disseminate pathway of WSSV; and that 6×10-6 of the efficient chlorine can kill Copepoda but most aquatic creatures were dead in the water treated by 10×10-6 of the efficient chlorine, and it can transfer algae after killing the harmful creatures by using bleaching powder when there was reserve water. The result of water culture for 4 days, in out-seawater and the water treated with sand filtering or net filtering of 60 mesh or 6×10-6of efficient chlorine, showed that the species and quantity of plankton were the most by out-sea-water culture, and it reduced respectively in the water treated by filtering with 6 mesh,sand filtering and 6×10-6 of efficient chlorine.展开更多
基金supported jointly by the National Science and Technology Support Program (2012BAC08B07)the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 2009BAC54B01-1 and 40930741)the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-EW-313)
文摘A V-shaped nylon net fence installed in 1990 on top of the Mogao Grottoes is shown to be effectively resisting aeolian sand damage to the grottoes. The structure guides and causes deposition of sand from westerly wind （the primary hard wind）, but to some extent hinders the inverse function of easterly wind carrying sand away from the grottoes toward Mount Mingsha. The gobi side by the fence experiences higher wind speed, so that on which are easily formed undercutting pits, and the deposited sands on it generally form double-peak structures due to abundant sand sources. If the earth surface characteristics in gobi areas by both sides of the fence are quite varied, the erosion and deposition features of the accumulating sand section are similar in different seasons; however, if the earth surface characteristics are similar, the features become irregular in different seasons. Sand depositions with long slope feet are formed along the south and north sides of V-shaped nylon net fence. Disrupted by strong westerly wind and northwesterly wind, sand accumulations by north of the fence are in form of single peaks. Although the operation duration of the V-shaped nylon net fence has exceeded its design life （10 years）, our observations indicate that it is still effective in reducing wind-driven sand damages to the Mogao Grottoes, so it should not be withdrawn.
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Grant No.51525503)
文摘In order to further improve the precision forming efficiency of a sand mold digital patternless casting and reduce the amount of sand mold cutting, a method for near-net forming of the sand mold with digital flexible extrusion technology was put forward. The theory, optimization algorithm and technology for sand mold nearnet forming were studied. Experimental results show that the sand mold forming efficiency can be increased by 34%, and the molding sand can be reduced by 44%. The method for near-net forming of a sand mold with digital flexible extrusion technology can effectively promote the application of digital patternless casting technology in the mass production of castings and thus greatly improves the efficiency and automation of sand mold manufacturing.
文摘目的选择以海砂和珊瑚作为骨料,海水作为拌合水,采用先预湿珊瑚,再与水泥砂浆拌合的方法,制备一种新型活性矿物海水海砂珊瑚混凝土(Mineral Sea Rock Concrete,MSRC),解决建筑工程中砂石短缺等问题。方法通过坍落度和抗压强度试验,分别分析净水灰比、骨料含水率和砂率对MSRC的和易性与抗压强度的影响。结果砂率在45%~58%内,坍落度随着砂率的增大而增大;砂率在58%~60%内,坍落度随着砂率的增大而减小;骨料含水率为12%时,混凝土拌合物和易性最优,立方体抗压强度最高;净水灰比为0.43、砂率为47%,骨料含水率12%的立方体抗压强度比骨料含水率9%和15%分别高3.9%和10.6%;强度等级相同时,随着砂率的增大,立方体抗压强度先增大后减小;对于强度等级为MSRC20、MSRC25和MSRC30的混凝土配合比,净水灰比分别为0.43、0.41和0.30时,立方体抗压强度取得最大值;MSRC前期抗压强度发展较快,超过15d时,抗压强度增长速度逐渐缓慢;基于试验结果,提出了立方体抗压强度计算公式,通过试验结果及公式计算结果对比可得,提出的计算公式与试验结果吻合良好。结论笔者制备的MSRC具有良好的和易性与力学性能,研究成果可以为MSRC的配合比设计和工程应用提供重要依据。
文摘This present paper studied the technological characteristics of seawater treated by sand filtering, net filtering and reserve-water disinfection.The results showed that after treatment the average filtering ratio of phytoplankton was 89.98%,and that of zooplankton was 89.5%; that it can isolate the other species of shrimp and crab by the filtering net of more than 40 mesh,and it was difficult for Copepoda to pass through the filtering net of more than 60 mesh,so it can block the horizontal disseminate pathway of WSSV; and that 6×10-6 of the efficient chlorine can kill Copepoda but most aquatic creatures were dead in the water treated by 10×10-6 of the efficient chlorine, and it can transfer algae after killing the harmful creatures by using bleaching powder when there was reserve water. The result of water culture for 4 days, in out-seawater and the water treated with sand filtering or net filtering of 60 mesh or 6×10-6of efficient chlorine, showed that the species and quantity of plankton were the most by out-sea-water culture, and it reduced respectively in the water treated by filtering with 6 mesh,sand filtering and 6×10-6 of efficient chlorine.
