Controllable Fabrication of Spider-Web-Like Structured Anaphe Panda Regenerated Silk Nanofibers / Nets via Electrospinning / Netting

An Anaphe panda silk nanofibers / nets( NFN) membrane with attractive structures consisting of common electrospun nanofibers and two-dimensional( 2D) spider-web-like structured nano-nets were successfully fabricated via electrospinning / netting technology. The unique structures of NFN membranes such as extremely small diameter( < 20 nm),high porosity,large specific surface area. and biocompatibility make this Anaphe panda silk NFN membrane a promising candidate for biomedical applications. In the present study, field emission scanning electron microscopy( FESEM) was used to investigate the influence of polymer solution and humidity on nano-nets coverage and morphology. The FE-SEM images revealed that nano-net coverage area increased with increase in concentration of solution while lowering the humidity increased the nano-nets formation. Moreover,the mechanical properties of the membrane were also tested and the result showed that the silk NFN membrane displayed a breaking stress of 3. 7 MPa and breaking strain of 13. 8%. For further structural elucidation, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy( FT-IR) was used to analyze the structural conformation changes from random coil to β-sheet in the NFN membrane which was an important factor effecting the usability of membrane. Thus,the results above confirmed the feasibility of Anaphe panda NFN structures applicability in cell tissue culture and other biomedical applications.

Impacts of bird abundance, activity height and light intensity on the number of birds captured by mist netting

To understand better the impact on mist net capture rates of the activity height of birds, light intensity, bird richness and abundance, we compared data from mist nets and point counts at the Jianfengling Forest Area, Hainan Island. Mist-nets were operated for a total of 7135 net-hours. A total of 587 individuals of 45 bird species were captured. The total mean capture rate was 8.6 ± 10.4 per 100 net-hours. A total of 4932 individuals of 107 bird species were recorded by visual observation alone and 7616 individuals of 120 species were recorded in a visual and aural combination. The Grey-cheeked Fulvetta (Alcippe morrisonia) was the most abundant species, accounting for 38.7% of total captures, 27.9% of visual observations and 22.2% of visual + aural observations. The capture number was correlated with the number observed. Thirty-one species were more likely to be captured than observed. Canopy species, such as members of the Corvidae and Dicruridae, were seldom captured. For all ground feeding species, the capture number was greater than that of observation. Some cryptic species, such as the Lesser Wren Babbler (Napothera epilepidota), Spotnecked Babbler (Stachyris striolata) and Cuckoo Owl (Glaucidium cuculoides) also had a higher relative capture rate than that of observations. There was a significant relationship between light intensity and the number of birds captured.

Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Hydrodynamic Characteristics, Twine Deformation, and Flow Field Around the Netting Structure Composed of Two Types of Twine Materials for Midwater Trawls

Nettings are complex flexible structures used in various fisheries.Understanding the hydrodynamic characteristics,de-formation,and the flow field around nettings is important to design successful fishing gear.This study investigated the hydrodynamic characteristics and deformation of five nettings made of polyethylene and nylon materials in different attack angles through numeri-cal simulation and physical model experiment.The numerical model was based on the one-way coupling between computational fluid dynamics(CFD)and large deflection nonlinear structural models.Navier-Stokes equations were solved using the finite volume ap-proach,the flow was described using the k-ωshear stress turbulent model,and the large deflection structural dynamic equation was derived using a finite element approach to understand the netting deformation and nodal displacement.The porous media model was chosen to model the nettings in the CFD solver.Numerical data were compared with the experimental results of the physical model to validate the numerical models.Results showed that the numerical data were compatible with the experimental data with an average relative error of 2.34%,3.40%,6.50%,and 5.80%in the normal drag coefficients,parallel drag coefficients,inclined drag coefficients,and inclined lift coefficients,respectively.The hydrodynamic forces of the polyethylene and nylon nettings decreased by approxi-mately 52.56%and 66.66%,respectively,with decreasing net solidity.The drag and lift coefficients of the nylon netting were appro-ximately 17.15%and 6.72%lower than those of the polyethylene netting.A spatial development of turbulent flow occurred around the netting because of the netting wake.However,the flow velocity reduction downstream from the netting in the wake region in-creased with increasing attack angle and net solidity.In addition,the deformation,stress,and strain on each netting increased with in-creasing solidity ratio.

Experimental Modelling of Transverse Oscillations in Aquaculture Netting Parallel to the Flow – Sounds Baffling

Numerous studies have been undertaken to improve the viability, durability and suitability of materials and methods used for aquaculture enclosures. While many of the previous studies considered macro-deformation of nets, there is a paucity of information on netting micro-deformation. When aquaculture pens are towed, industry operators have observed the motion described as ＂baffling＂ – the transverse oscillation of the net planes parallel and near parallel to the flow. The difficulty to observe and assess baffling motion in a controlled experimental environment is to sufficiently reproduce netting boundary conditions and the flow environment experienced at sea. The focus of the present study was to develop and assess experimental methods for visualisation and quantification of these transverse oscillations. Four netrig configurations with varied boundary conditions and model-netting properties were tested in a flume tank. While the Reynolds number was not equivalent to full-scale, usage of the pliable and fine mesh model netting that enabled baffling to develop at low flow velocities was deemed to be of a larger relevance to this initial study. Baffling was observed in the testing frame that constrained the net sheet on the leading edge, similarly to a flag attachment onto a pole. Baffling motion increased the hydrodynamic drag of the net by 35%–58% when compared to the previously developed formula for taut net sheets aligned parallel to the flow. Furthermore, it was found that the drag due to baffling decreased with the increasing velocity over the studied Reynolds numbers（below 200）; and the drag coefficient was non-linear for Reynolds numbers below 120. It is hypothesised that baffling motion is initially propagated by vortex shedding of the netting twine which causes the netting to oscillate; there after the restoring force causes unstable pressure differences on each side of the netting which excites the amplitude of the netting oscillations.

NETs在脓毒症凝血功能障碍中的作用研究进展

脓毒症凝血功能障碍是脓毒症患者死亡的主要原因之一。炎症反应和凝血功能障碍相互促进、相互影响是影响脓毒症预后的重要因素。NETs是活化中性粒细胞分泌的网状结构,在脓毒症炎症和凝血中起桥梁作用。本文从NETs形成,NETs与血管内皮细胞、凝血因子、血小板关系及针对NETs开展的相关药物研究等方面进行综述,为进一步探索干预脓毒症凝血功能障碍的方法提供理论依据。

A comparison of hydrodynamic forces in knotted and knotless netting,using both helix and conventional ropes for midwater trawls

This study evaluated the hydrodynamic forces produced by whole panels of hand-made(geometrically different)rope meshes typically found in midwater trawls.Experimental treatments included both knotted and knotless meshes constructed of helix composite ropes,conventional braided nylon(PA)ropes,and twisted polyethylene(PE)ropes.Direct measurement of lift(L)and drag(D)forces were conducted using controlled flume tank experiments on panels oriented at 21°relative to the flow.For knotted netting,our results showed that the hydrodynamic forces(L and D)were statistically higher for helix ropes compared to conventional ropes of the same diameter.For knotless netting constructed of helix ropes,our primary finding is that the arrangement of helix ropes(S and Z lay)in individual meshes significantly affects the resulting D and Cd of whole netting panels.Arranging the mesh bars in the S-Z-S-Z lay pattern exhibited 29%and 32%lower drag(D)compared to S–S–S–S and S–S-Z-Z lay meshes,respectively.We also use computational fluid dynamics(CFD)to characterize the finescale flow-field around helix and conventional ropes.The resulting streamlines and pressure contours provide a functional explanation for the empirical measurements collected in the flume tank.These results can be useful in informing the design of midwater trawls.

直肠神经内分泌肿瘤的内镜下治疗效果评价分析

背景对于没有转移危险因素且直径<15 mm直肠神经内分泌肿瘤的患者,推荐行内镜下切除,但其短期和长期结果尚不清楚。目的本研究旨在探讨内镜切除15 mm以内的直肠NETs的疗效。方法分析接受内镜切除治疗的直肠NETs<15 mm患者的短期和长期结果,以及EMR及ESD切除的结果。肿瘤分为<10 mm(小型组)和10~14 mm(中等大小组)两组。结果总共纳入2024年1月~2023年11月扬州大学附属医院消化科90例直肠神经内分泌肿瘤(小型组,n=81;中等大小组,n=9)。根据2019年世界卫生组织分级标准,所有肿瘤均被分为G1(n=88)或G2(n=2)。两组之间完整切除率无显著差异。在小型组中,内镜粘膜下剥离(ESD)和内镜粘膜下切除(EMR)均达到100%的完整切除率。EMR手术时间(P<0.001)和住院时间(P<0.001)显著短于ESD。在中等大小组中,ESD的完整切除率为100%。15 mm以内肿瘤大小不影响总生存率或淋巴结/远处转移率。结论对于没有转移风险因素15 mm以内的直肠NETs患者,内镜切除是可行且有效的治疗方法。对于小于10 mm和10~14 mm的肿瘤,EMR和ESD是最佳的切除技术,分别适用于两种不同大小的肿瘤。

The deformation characteristics and flow field around knotless polyethylene netting based on fluid structure interaction(FSI)one-way coupling

Knotless polyethylene(PE)netting is widely used in fisheries because of its excellent hydrodynamic performance and low cost.Netting deformation and the surrounding flow field distribution play an important role in determining the hydrodynamic characteristics of netting in moving water.In order to investigate the effect of solidity ratio and attack angle on drag,netting deformation,and flow field distribution through the netting,a fluid-structure interaction(FSI)model based on a one-way coupling combining the shear stress turbulent(SST)k-omega model and the large deformation nonlinear structural finite element model was evaluated.Our results showed the difference between the parallel and normal drag forces found in the present numerical model and experimental flume tank data were 9.17%and 11.58%,respectively.The mean relative error in the inclined hydrodynamic drag for different flow velocities and attack angles was 8.35%,6.69%,and 5.37%for the nettings 1,2,and 3,respectively.These results show that the present numerical simulation based on FSI one-way coupling can be used to examine hydrodynamic forces on netting.The flow simulation results show that there is a noticeable flow velocity decrease through the netting and a rather large velocity reduction region downstream from the netting for different attack angles.These results reveal the existence of turbulent flow due to the netting wake.It was found that the equivalent stress and total deformation increase as the flow velocity increases and solidity ratio decreases.

系统性红斑狼疮患者血管内皮细胞损伤影响因素研究进展

系统性红斑狼疮(systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE)是一种慢性自身免疫性疾病,主要表现为异常激活的免疫系统攻击自身细胞组织,进而累及全身多系统器官。血管内皮细胞作为SLE免疫攻击的靶标之一,其损伤可进一步引起患者皮肤、心脏、肾脏等重要系统器官的并发症。而引起SLE患者血管内皮细胞损伤的因素众多,主要包括多种免疫细胞及其分泌的细胞因子、血管活性物质、内皮特异性蛋白、活性氧等。同时,也有部分保护因素,如血管生成性T细胞、一氧化氮、褪黑素等能促进血管内皮细胞的修复。本文从上述提及的影响因素进行综述,旨在为SLE血管内皮细胞损伤及其机制的研究提供线索,同时为精准防治SLE提供依据。

HB-Continuous Mappings in L-Topological Space

In this paper, we introduce and study the notion of HB-closed sets in L-topological space. Then, HB-convergence theory for L-molecular nets and L-ideals is established in terms of HB-closedness. Finally, we give a new definition of fuzzy H-continuous [1] which is called HB-continuity on the basis of the notion of H-bounded L-subsets in L-topological space. Then we give characterizations and properties by making use of HB-converges theory of L-molecular nets and L-ideals.

Netting Talent Deficit From Student Exchange With U.S.

Math is the foundation of everything. The Chinese know this too well and have dominated international math competitions for years. So when the news came that U.S. high school students had won the first prize for a second consecutive year at the Romanian Master of Mathematics 2019, it was no laughing matter.

基于中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网探究丹参酮ⅡA对脓毒症小鼠肠损伤的影响及机制

目的探究丹参酮ⅡA(TanⅡA)对脓毒症小鼠肠损伤的影响和中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网(NETs)在其中的作用及可能机制。方法24只健康雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为对照组(Control组)、脂多糖组(LPS组)、LY294002组(LPS+LY组)、丹参酮ⅡA组(LPS+TanⅡA组),每组6只。除Control组注射等量磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)外,其余各组腹腔注射LPS 10 mg/kg建立脓毒症模型。LPS+LY组于造模前30 min腹腔注射LY29400230 mg/kg,LPS+TanⅡA组于造模前30 min腹腔注射TanⅡA 30 mg/kg,其余两组于上述时间点腹腔注射等量PBS[含1‰二甲基亚砜(DMSO)]。给药12 h后采集标本。苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察小肠组织病理学变化并进行Chiu′s评分;酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测血清D-乳酸(D-Lac)水平、小肠组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)-DNA复合物(MPO-DNA)及瓜氨酸化组蛋白H3(CitH3)含量;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blotting)检测小肠组织闭合蛋白(Claudin)-1、磷酸化(p-)PI3K、磷酸化(p-)Akt蛋白表达。结果与Control组比较,LPS组小鼠小肠组织病理损伤严重;Chiu′s评分升高;血清D-Lac水平上升,小肠组织MPO-DNA、CitH3含量增加Claudin-1蛋白表达减少,p-PI3K、p-Akt蛋白表达增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。与LPS组比较,LPS+LY组和LPS+TanⅡA组小鼠小肠组织病理损伤减轻,Chiu′s评分降低(P<0.001),血清D-Lac水平下降(P<0.001),小肠组织MPO-DNA、CitH3含量减少(P<0.001);Claudin-1蛋白表达增加(P<0.05或P<0.001),p-PI3K、p-Akt蛋白表达减少(P<0.01)。结论TanⅡA通过抑制PI3K/Akt信号通路,减少NETs生成,增加Claudin-1蛋白表达,降低肠黏膜通透性,发挥脓毒症小鼠肠损伤的保护作用。

热射病相关生物标志物的研究现状

热射病是临床上病死率较高的疾病,相比于普通中暑,其具有病情进展迅速、病情危重等特点,早期识别、诊断和干预对于提高患者生存率至关重要,相关生物标志物可帮助临床医生快速了解病情,为临床工作提供经验,本文通过查阅相关文献,将就热射病细胞、组织损伤与修复相关的生物标志物做一综述。

Joint target assignment and power allocation in the netted C-MIMO radar when tracking multi-targets in the presence of self-defense blanket jamming

The netted radar system(NRS)has been proved to possess unique advantages in anti-jamming and improving target tracking performance.Effective resource management can greatly ensure the combat capability of the NRS.In this paper,based on the netted collocated multiple input multiple output(CMIMO)radar,an effective joint target assignment and power allocation(JTAPA)strategy for tracking multi-targets under self-defense blanket jamming is proposed.An architecture based on the distributed fusion is used in the radar network to estimate target state parameters.By deriving the predicted conditional Cramer-Rao lower bound(PC-CRLB)based on the obtained state estimation information,the objective function is formulated.To maximize the worst case tracking accuracy,the proposed JTAPA strategy implements an online target assignment and power allocation of all active nodes,subject to some resource constraints.Since the formulated JTAPA is non-convex,we propose an efficient two-step solution strategy.In terms of the simulation results,the proposed algorithm can effectively improve tracking performance in the worst case.

Adaptive allocation strategy for cooperatively jamming netted radar system based on improved cuckoo search algorithm

The jamming resource allocation problem of the aircraft formation cooperatively jamming netted radar system is investigated.An adaptive allocation strategy based on dynamic adaptive discrete cuckoo search algorithm(DADCS)is proposed,whose core is to adjust allocation scheme of limited jamming resource of aircraft formation in real time to maintain the best jamming effectiveness against netted radar system.Firstly,considering the information fusion rules and different working modes of the netted radar system,a two-factor jamming effectiveness evaluation function is constructed,detection probability and aiming probability are adopted to characterize jamming effectiveness against netted radar system in searching and tracking mode,respectively.Then a nonconvex optimization model for cooperatively jamming netted radar system is established.Finally,a dynamic adaptive discrete cuckoo search algorithm(DADCS)is constructed by improving path update strategies and introducing a global learning mechanism,and a three-step solution method is proposed subsequently.Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed optimization strategy and the effectiveness of the improved algorithm.

Boundedness and liveness enforcement for labeled Petri nets using transition priority

This paper deals with the supervisory control problem of discrete event systems modeled by labeled Petri nets. The system is originally unbounded. First, the solvability of the problem is confirmed. A necessary condition is given and proven for the existence of a feasible priority-based controller based on the notions of liveness and transition invariants. Next, a cyclic behavior graph is constructed, which shows the reachable markings that guarantee the maximum liveness of the system within a given bound vector. Finally, an on-line control strategy is proposed to enforce boundedness and liveness to the given system by appending priority relations to transitions. The dynamic priority relation changes flexibly according to the current state of the system and enforces the system evolving in a bounded and live manner. In addition, numerical examples are studied to verify the validity of the proposed approach that remains the structure of the plant net and is efficient for on-line control.

Free form deformation and symmetry constraint‐based multimodal brain image registration using generative adversarial nets

Multi‐modal brain image registration has been widely applied to functional localisation,neurosurgery and computational anatomy.The existing registration methods based on the dense deformation fields involve too many parameters,which is not conducive to the exploration of correct spatial correspondence between the float and reference images.Meanwhile,the unidirectional registration may involve the deformation folding,which will result in the change of topology during registration.To address these issues,this work has presented an unsupervised image registration method using the free form deformation(FFD)and the symmetry constraint‐based generative adversarial networks(FSGAN).The FSGAN utilises the principle component analysis network‐based structural representations of the reference and float images as the inputs and uses the generator to learn the FFD model parameters,thereby producing two deformation fields.Meanwhile,the FSGAN uses two discriminators to decide whether the bilateral registration have been realised simultaneously.Besides,the symmetry constraint is utilised to construct the loss function,thereby avoiding the deformation folding.Experiments on BrainWeb,high grade gliomas,IXI and LPBA40 show that compared with state‐of‐the‐art methods,the FSGAN provides superior performance in terms of visual comparisons and such quantitative indexes as dice value,target registration error and computational efficiency.

Situational Analysis of Malaria Control Following the 2021 Distribution of Long Lasting Insecticide-Treated Bed Nets in the Tiko Health District, South West Region, Cameroon

Malaria is still a major public health concern in Cameroon as more than 20 million people are at risk of the disease. Despite the government’s effort to scale up the distribution of long lasting insecticide-treated bed nets (LLINs), full ownership and optimal use is still limited. In 2021, over a million LLINs were made available for distribution in the South West Region. However, the current situation of malaria has not yet been ascertained following the 2021 mass distribution campaign (MDC). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine LLIN ownership, coverage, usage and the prevalence of malaria following the 2021 MDC in the Tiko Health District (THD), South West Region of Cameroon. A cross-sectional study was carried from May 1 to 27, 2022 in which a multi-stage sampling technique was used to enroll eligible participants. Data were collected from household heads using questionnaires and capillary blood samples collected from consented household members were used to test for malaria. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 at 0.05 significance level. From the 150 households surveyed, 96 (64.0%) owned a mosquito net before the recent MDC. There was an overall significant increase (p p = 0.644) in LLINs ownership between areas where door-to-door (79.5%) and fixed “Hit and Run” (75.8%) strategies were used in the distribution of LLINs in THD. The prevalence of malaria was 10.2%. The regular use of LLINs was significantly associated (p = 0.007) with low malaria prevalence. The 2021 MDC had an impact on malaria prevalence in those who properly used them.

Scale and Associated Factors of Using Pyrethroid-Impregnated Mosquito Nets as Fishing Tools on Nokoué Lake within Sô-Ava Municipality in Benin, 2020

Background: In lacustrine communities, whether in Benin or elsewhere, populations use impregnated mosquito nets (IMNs) as fishing nets. This depletes the lake of its fishery resources, which in turn are contaminated by the pyrethroids impregnated in the nets. This study aims to determine the scale and factors associated with the use of pyrethroid-impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools in the municipality of Sô-Ava in Benin. Methods: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study with two components. First, a quantitative component was made up of 280 volunteers who were interviewed in the seven districts of the city. Data collection was done in two phases: the first from September to October 2020, and the second in August 2022. Data were analyzed with Stata and logistic regression was used. Another qualitative component was made up of forty participants chosen by reasoned choice, of which 32 were split into four focus groups of eight members each, and the rest participated in semi-structured interviews. Triangulation of the different sources was used to analyze the data. Results: Around 67% of the population reported using impregnated mosquito nets as fishing tools and 33% exclusively for malaria. Seasonal fishermen (ORa = 2.03, CI = 1.35 - 4.97, P = 0.004) and years of professional experience (ORa = 1.53, CI = 1.00 - 2.05, P = 0.021) increase the risk of using these nets as fishing tools. The use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets against mosquitoes causes skin scratching and impairs breathing because of the impregnation products, as reported by respondents. Conclusion: A high prevalence of inappropriate use of impregnated mosquito nets in fishing practices is highlighted in this study. Interviews in the field revealed that nets are diverted for fishing purposes to increase the volume of catches. Consequently, it will be appropriate to assess the pyrethroid content in water and fishery products.

New Superionic Memory Devices Can Provide Clues to the Human Memory Structure and to Consciousness

Since the work of Penrose and Hameroff the possibility is discussed that the location of human memory and consciousness could be connected with tubulin microtubules. If one would use superionic nano-materials rolled up to microtubules with an electrolyte inside the formed channels mediating fast ionic exchange of protons respectively lithium ions, it seems to be possible to write into such materials whole image arrays (pictures) under the action of the complex electromagnetic spectrum that composes these images. The same material and architecture may be recommended for super-computers. Especially microtubules with a protofilament number of 13 are the most important to note. We connected such microtubules before with Fibonacci nets composed of 13 sub-cells that were helically rolled up to deliver suitable channels. Our recent Fibonacci analysis of Wadsley-Roth shear phases such as niobium tungsten oxide , exhibiting channels for ultra-fast lithium-ion diffusion, suggests to use these materials, besides super-battery main application, in form of nanorods or microtubules as effectively working superionic memory devices for computers that work ultra-fast with the complex effectiveness of human brains. Finally, we pose the question, whether dark matter, ever connected with ultrafast movement of ordinary matter, may be responsible for synchronization between interactions of human brains and consciousness.