Neuron-specific enolase expression in a rat model of radiation-induced brain injury following vascular endothelial growth factor-modified neural stem cell transplantation

BACKGROUND： Previous studies have shown that transplantation of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）-modified neural stem cells （NSC） provides better outcomes, compared with neural stem cells, in the treatment of brain damage. OBJECTIVE： To compare the effects of VEGF-modified NSC transplantation and NSC transplantation on radiation-induced brain injury, and to determine neuron-specific enolase （NSE） expression in the brain. DESIGN, TIME, AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled study was performed at the Linbaixin Experimental Center, Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, China from November 2007 to October 2008. MATERIALS： VEGF-modified C17.2 NSCs were supplied by Harvard Medical School, USA. Streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase-complex kit （Boster, China） and 5, 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester （Fluka, USA） were used in this study. METHODS： A total of 84 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a blank control group （n = 20）, model group （n = 20）, NSC group （n = 20）, and a VEGF-modified NSC group （n = 24）. Rat models of radiation-induced brain injury were established in the model, NSC, and VEGF-modified NSC groups. At 1 week following model induction, 10 pL （5 ×10^4 cells/μL） VEGF-modified NSCs or NSCs were respectively infused into the striatum and cerebral cortex of rats from the VEGF-modified NSC and NSC groups. A total of 10μL saline was injected into rats from the blank control and model groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： NSE expression in the brain was detected by immunohistochemistry following VEGF-modified NSC transplantation. RESULTS： NSE expression was significantly decreased in the brains of radiation-induced brain injury rats （P 〈 0.05）. The number of NSE-positive neurons significantly increased in the NSC and VEGF-modified NSC groups, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.05）. NSE expression significantly increased in the VEGF-modified NSC group, compared with the NSC group, at 6 weeks following transplantation （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： VEGF-modified NSC transplantation increased NSE expression in rats with radiation-induced brain injury, and the outcomes were superior to NSC transplantation.

Flunarizine and lamotrigine prophylaxis effects on neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase in a fetal rat model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage

BACKGROUND： Calcium antagonists may act as neuroprotectants, diminishing the influx of calcium ions through voltage-sensitive calcium channels. When administered prophylactically, they display neuroprotective effects against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in newborn rats. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the neuroprotective effects of flunarizine （FNZ）, lamotrigine （LTG） and the combination of both drugs, on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in fetal rats. DESIGN AND SETTING： This randomized, complete block design was performed at the Department of Pediatrics, Shenzhen Fourth People＇s Hospital, Guangdong Medical College. MATERIALS： Forty pregnant Wistar rats, at gestational day 20, were selected for the experiment and were randomly divided into FNZ, LTG, FNZ ＋ LTG, and model groups, with 10 rats in each group. METHODS： Rats in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups received intragastric injections of FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d）, LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, and FNZ （0.5 mg/kg/d） ＋ LTG （10 mg/kg/d）, respectively. Drugs were administered once a day for 3 days prior to induction of hypoxia-ischemia. Rats in the model group were not administered any drugs. Three hours after the final administration, eight pregnant rats from each group underwent model establishment hypoxia-ischemia brain damage to the fetal rats. Cesareans were performed at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours later; and 5 fetal rats were removed from each mother and kept warm. Two fetuses without model establishment were removed by planned cesarean at the same time and served as controls. A total of 0.3 mL serum was collected from fetal rats at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, following birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Serum protein concentrations of neuron-specific enolase and S-100 were measured by ELISA. Serum concentrations of brain-specific creatine kinase were measured using an electrogenerated chemiluminescence method. RESULTS： Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly higher in the hypoxic-ischemic fetal rats, compared with the non-hypoxic-ischemic group. Serum concentrations of neuron-specific enolase, S-100, and brain-specific creatine kinase were significantly less in the FNZ, LTG, and FNZ ＋ LTG groups following ischemia, compared with the model group （P 〈 0.01）. However, these values were significantly greater in the FNZ and LTG groups, compared with the FNZ ＋ LTG group, following ischemia （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Preventive antenatal use of oral FNZ and LTG has positive neuroprotective effects on intrauterine hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. The combined effect of these two drugs is superior.

Neuron specific enolase,p53蛋白和proliferating-cell nuclear antigen在肺癌组织中的表达及意义

目的：研究神经元特异性烯醇化酶（neuronspecificenolase，NSE）的表达，与p53蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原（prolif－erating－cellnuclearantigen，PCNA）表达的关系及意义．方法：用特异性鼠抗人单克隆抗体，按LSAB免疫组织化学方法检测石蜡包埋的肺癌标本中NSE，p53蛋白和PCNA的表达．结果：在小细胞性肺癌（SmallCellLungCancer，SCLC）中，NSE阳性表达者，PCNA标记指数（LabellingIndex，LI）高于NSE阴性者，而p53蛋白的表达与NSE的表达无关．在非小细胞性肺癌（non－smallcelllungcancr，non－SCLC）中，p53蛋白的表达和PCNALI均与NSE的表达无关．结论：在SCLC的发生及发展过程中，神经内分泌功能可能起了部分作用．而p53抑癌基因在SCLC的发生中并不起着重要的作用．

Electrophoretic Determination of Aqueous and Serum Neuron-specific Enolase in the Diagnosis of Retinoblastoma

Purpose: Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) of containing γ-enolase is considered valuable in the diagnosis of tumours of neuroectodermal origin.Method : We used rapid electrophoretic method on cellulose acetate plate to determine the pattern of enolase isoenzymes in 21 aqueous humor and 23 serum specimens from retinoblastoma (Rb) and 21 aqueous and 25 serum specimens from 25 control cases to evaluate NSE in the diagnosis of Rb. The assay allowed assessment of all three major isoenzymes (aa,aγ and γγ),and NSE relative activity and its percentage in the total relative activity of the three enolase isoenzymes were assessed by means of fluorometer.Result: Aqueous from all patients with Rb contained aa,ar and rr isoenzymes and presented strong postitive, the positive rate of NSE being 100% and its relative activity accounting for 45 ± 9% of the total relative activity of the 3 enolase isoenzymes; No enolase was detectable in control aqueous with cataract, glaucoma and Coats's diseases (4 cases),but in two

Changes in plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide and serum neuron specific enolase in rats with acute cerebral ischemia after low-frequency electrical stimulation with different waveforms and intensities

Following acute cerebral ischemia in rats, plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide decreased and the level of serum neuron specific enolase and the volume of the infarction increased. Square-wave and triangular-wave electrical stimulation with low or high intensities could increase the plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide, decrease the serum neuron specific enolase and reduce the infarction volume in the brain in rats with cerebral ischemia. There was no significant difference between different wave forms and intensities. The experimental findings indicate that low-frequency electrical stimulation with varying waveforms and intensities can treat acute cerebral ischemia in rats.

Plasma level of neuron specific enolase in patients with acute cerebral infarction:A case-control study

BACKGROUND： The plasma level of neuron specific enolase （NSE） can be used to diagnose and evaluate neuronal injury and predict early prognosis. OBJECTIVE： To observe the dynamic changes in plasma levels of NSE in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and to investigate its correlations with disease severity and prognosis. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： This non-randomized, concurrent case-control experiment was performed at the Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between May and July 2007. PARTICIPANTS： Eighteen patients with acute cerebral infarction, who received treatment at the Department of Neurology, First Hospital Affiliated to Heilongjiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine between May and July 2007, were recruited into the patient group. An additional 10 healthy individuals, who received health examinations simultaneously, were included as controls. METHODS： Following admission （within 3 days） and at days 6, 12, and 30 subsequent to acute cerebral infarction attack, 3 mL venous blood was taken from each patient before the morning meal to determine the plasma level of NSE by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay. One-time blood extraction was performed in each healthy subject during the health examination for the same purpose as in patients. At 6 and 30 days following acute cerebral infarction attack, CT examination was performed for calculation of cerebral infarction volume according to the Tada formula. Following admission and at 30 days of disease invasion, all patients were scored by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale （NIHSS, 13 items）. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Comparison of NSE plasma level between acute cerebral infarction patients and healthy individuals; correlations of NSE plasma level in acute cerebral infarction patients with cerebral infarction volume, NIHSS score, and prognosis. RESULTS： Following admission and at days 6 and 12 of disease invasion, the plasma level of NSE was significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group （P 〈 0.05）. Following admission and at day 30 of disease invasion, the NIHSS scores of the patient group were 17.706 and 11.222, respectively. Following admission and at day 6 of disease invasion, the plasma level of NSE was positively correlated with cerebral infarction volume （r = 0.503, 0.435, P 〈 0.05）, but it was negatively correlated with NIHSS score （r = -0.571, 0.368, P 〈 0.05）. The plasma level of NSE was mostly correlated with cerebral infarction volume, followed by NIHSS score, and lastly prognosis, with regression coefficients of 0.386, 0.343, and 0.340, respectively. CONCLUSION： The plasma level of NSE is higher in patients with acute cerebral infarction than in the healthy population. It can reflect infarct severity and predict early prognosis of acute cerebral infarction.

The diagnostic value of neuron specific enolase in patients with gliomas

Objective: In order ic look into the alterations and effects of neuron specific enolase (NSE) in cerebralspinal fluid (CSF ) and serum of foe paticnts with glioma and meningiomas. Methods: We studied CSF and serumlevels of NSE in 40 patients with gliomas and 10 with meningiomas;3 days before and after operation byradioimmunoassay. Results: Compared with the value of NSE: in CSF and serum from 10 control patients. samplesfrom patients with malignant gliomas contained abnormally high level of NSE before operation (P < 0. 05 ) butnormal level after operation (P >0. 05 ). However. samples from patients with low grade gliomas andmeningiomas were within normal range before and after operation (P >0. 05). Gliomas with totall refectionshowed normal NSE values but with sub lotal removal presented high levels of NSE after surgery (P < 0. 05).Conclusion: The increased value of NSE in patients with malignant gliomas may be associated with elevated rate of glucolysis. As one of the new tumor markers NSE Is postulated to play an important role in the diagnosi followup and monitoring of gliomas.

Neuron-specific Enclose and Myelin Basic Protein in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with First Episode Schizophrenia

In order to study whether patients with schizophrenia have cerebral injury, neuron-specific enolase （NSE） and myelin basic protein （MBP）in cerebrospinal fluid （CSF） of 33 patients with first episode schizophrenia and 9 from the control group were determined by double antibody sandwich enzyme immunoassay method. The results showed that there was significant difference in the NSE contents between the experimental group and control group （P〈0.01）. The NSE contents in CSF in the experimental group were positively correlated with MBP in schizophrenia patients （P〈 0.05）. These findings suggested that patients with schizophrenia had cerebral injury.

经皮穴位电刺激对老年肝癌患者术后早期认知功能障碍及血清相关炎症因子的影响

目的 探讨经皮穴位电刺激(TEAS)对老年肝癌患者术后早期认知功能障碍(POCD)及血清相关炎症因子的影响。方法 选取本院收治的行手术治疗的100例肝癌患者,使用随机数字表法分为两组(各50例),TEAS组从麻醉前开始至术毕始终给予TEAS,对照组不进行电流刺激。记录围术期指标、术后疼痛程度、POCD发生情况,并比较两组手术前后的血清S-100β蛋白(S-100β)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平变化。结果 两组的围术期指标及术后24 h VAS评分接近(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,TEAS组的丙泊酚用量、瑞芬太尼用量均明显更少(P<0.05)。与术前1 d相比,两组术后1、3、7 d MMSE评分更低,且组间对比显示TEAS组的MMSE评分更高(P<0.05)。TEAS组的POCD总发生率(24.00%)明显比对照组(68.00%)更低(P<0.05)。与术前1 d相比,两组患者术后1 d的血清S-100β、NSE、IL-6及TNF-α水平均显著升高(P<0.05),且TEAS组术后1 d的血清S-100β、NSE、IL-6及TNF-α水平较对照组更低。TEAS组术后的不良反应总发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 在老年肝癌患者术中行TEAS治疗可发挥镇痛作用,同时还能降低炎症因子水平,减轻脑损伤,降低POCD的发生风险,有利于患者的术后康复。

龟羚帕安丸对帕金森病大鼠血清NSE、Cys-C、5-HT、5-HIAA及NE水平的影响

目的观察龟羚帕安丸对帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)大鼠血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(Neuron-specific enolase,NSE)、胱抑素C(Cystatin C,Cys-C)、5-羟色胺(5-Hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)、5-羟基吲哚乙酸(5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid,5-HIAA)及去甲肾上腺素(Norepinephrine,NE)水平的影响。方法采用6-羟基多巴胺(6-OHDA)立体定向注射法制作PD大鼠模型,造模成功的PD大鼠随机分为模型组,西药组,中药高、中、低剂量组,中西药合用组,每组15只,另设假手术组15只。模型组及假手术组给予等容积生理盐水灌胃,其余组给予相应药物灌胃,连续给药28 d。大鼠腹主动脉取血,用酶联免疫吸附测定法(Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测各组大鼠血清NSE、Cys-C、5-HT、5-HIAA及NE的水平。结果模型组大鼠血清NSE及Cys-C水平均明显升高,血清5-HT、5-HIAA及NE水平均明显降低;中药各剂量组、中西药合用组、西药组血清NSE及Cys-C水平均明显降低,5-HT、5-HIAA及NE水平均明显升高。结论龟羚帕安丸具有明显神经保护作用,作用机制与降低NSE及Cys-C水平,增加5-HT、5-HIAA及NE水平,降低脑实质损伤、神经炎症损伤及提高单胺类神经递质有关。

血浆神经元特异性烯醇化酶水平对重症社区获得性肺炎患者ICU死亡的预测价值

目的观察不同时间点神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平对重症社区获得性肺炎(SCAP)患者ICU死亡的预测价值。方法选取2021年6月至2023年6月在河北省人民医院急诊重症监护病房(EICU)住院的74例SCAP患者。患者于入院后12小时内检测血中性粒细胞计数、血肌酐(Scr)、白蛋白(Alb)、降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)和白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平。于患者入院后第1天[NSE(day1)]和第4天[NSE(day4)]早晨采集NSE血样进行检验。并根据患者ICU内是否死亡分为生存组(n=57)和死亡组(n=17)。采用多因素logistic回归分析、受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线及曲线下面积(AUC)评价上述参数的预测效果。结果死亡组患者急性生理和慢性健康II评分(APACHE II score)、IL-6水平、中性粒细胞计数、NSE(day1)和NSE(day4)水平高于生存组(P<0.05),氧合指数(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))明显低于生存组(P<0.05)。APACHE IIscore、IL-6水平、中性粒细胞计数、NSE(day1)和NSE(day4)水平与SCAP患者ICU死亡呈弱的正相关(P<0.05),PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)与患者ICU死亡呈弱的负相关(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,APACHE IIscore和NSE(day4)与SCAP患者ICU死亡相关(P<0.05)。APACHE II score和NSE(day4)预测SCAP患者ICU死亡的AUC分别为0.729(95%CI 0.613~0.826)和0.787(95%CI0.676~0.874),两者的AUC差异无统计学意义(P=0.561)。NSE(day4)预测患者ICU死亡的敏感性和特异性分别为57.89%和88.24%(临界值为14.83μg/L)。结论NSE(day4)是SCAP患者ICU死亡的独立预测指标,是评估SCAP患者预后的一个很好的替代选择。

ICU病人突发谵妄的防控机制研究

目的:分析ICU病人突发谵妄的主要危险因素,构建logistic回归模型和决策树模型,并进行前瞻性验证,为临床建立早期识别谵妄发生的最佳防控机制。方法:随机选取2018年1月至2020年1月病人198例为模型组,开展回顾性分析,根据24 h内谵妄诊断标准分为谵妄88例和无谵妄110例,多因素logistic回归分析筛选危险因素。另选择2020年2月至2021年2月87例病人为验证组,受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)比较2种模型的预测效能。结果:与无谵妄病人相比,谵妄病人的年龄、急性生理与慢性健康(APACHEⅡ)评分和并发症增加,镇静时间和机械通气时间延长,血清神经烯醇化酶(NSE)和动脉血乳酸升高,氧合指数降低(P<0.01)。logistic回归分析显示,APACHEⅡ评分高、血清NSE和动脉血乳酸水平高是谵妄发生的独立危险因素(P<0.01)。分别构建logistic回归模型和决策树模型,经验证组ROC分析显示,决策树模型的曲线下面积0.865高于logistic回归模型的0.812(P<0.01)。结论:ICU病人24 h内突发谵妄的发生率较高,多个危险因素可能参与了谵妄的发生,包括APACHEⅡ评分、血清NSE和动脉血乳酸水平升高,决策树模型比传统logistic回归模型可能具有更高的预测效能,可为指导临床医护人员早期正确识别谵妄高风险群体提供了更佳的评估手段。

急性颅脑损伤患者CT评分变化及血清乳酸、NSE、CRP的相关性分析

目的探讨急性颅脑损伤(ACI)患者计算机断层扫描(CT)评分变化与血清乳酸(LA)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)及C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平的关系及其对预后的预测价值。方法选取2020年1月—2022年1月东台市人民医院收治的50例急性颅脑损伤患者作为疾病组,根据患者治疗后格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)分为预后良好组(32例)和预后不良组(18例);选取50例行健康体检受试者作为健康组。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估血清乳酸、NSE、CRP水平与CT评分对急性颅脑损伤患者预后的评估价值。结果疾病组血清乳酸、NSE、CRP水平均高于健康组(P<0.05);预后不良组乳酸、NSE、CRP水平和CT评分均高于预后良好组;经Spearman相关分析,急性颅内损伤患者血清中乳酸、NSE、CRP水平与CT评分呈正相关(r=0.431、r=0.345、r=0.226,均P<0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,血清乳酸、NSE、CRP水平、CT评分联合预测急性颅内感染预后的曲线下面积(AUC)高于单一指标检测(P<0.05)。结论急性颅脑损伤患者CT评分与患者入院血清乳酸、NSE、CRP水平呈正相关,联合诊断对患者预后评估有一定价值。

单唾液酸四己糖神经节苷脂联合重组人促红细胞生成素治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病疗效观察

目的探讨单唾液酸四己糖神经节苷脂(GM1)联合重组人促红细胞生成素(rhEPO)治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)临床疗效及其对炎症因子和神经功能的影响。方法选择2017年6月至2020年6月南阳市中心医院新生儿科收治的78例HIE患儿为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将患儿分为对照组(n=39)和观察组(n=39)。所有患儿给予常规治疗,包括吸氧、维持水电解质酸碱平衡、控制惊厥与颅内压等治疗,中重度患儿给予亚低温治疗。对照组患儿在常规治疗基础上给予rhEPO 200 IU·kg^(-1),皮下注射,每周3次;观察组患儿在对照组基础上给予GM120 mg静脉滴注,每日1次。7 d为1个疗程,连续治疗4个疗程,中、重度患儿依据病情再治疗1~3个疗程。比较2组患儿治疗后的总有效率;于治疗前和治疗后14、28 d采用新生儿神经行为评分(NBNA)评估2组患儿的神经功能;治疗前和治疗后14、28 d,采用酶联免疫吸附法测定2组患儿血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平。结果对照组和观察组患儿总有效率分别为69.23%(27/39)、94.87(37/39),观察组患儿治疗总有效率显著高于对照组(χ^(2)=8.705,P=0.003)。2组轻度患儿治疗总有效率均为100%;观察组中中、重度患儿总有效率显著高于对照组(χ^(2)=4.843、3.898,P=0.028、0.048)。2组患儿治疗前NBNA评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患儿治疗后14、28 d NBNA评分显著高于治疗前(P<0.05);2组患儿治疗后28 d NBNA评分显著高于治疗后14 d(P<0.05)。观察组患儿治疗后14、28 d NBNA评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前2组患儿血清ICAM-1、IL-6、TNF-α、HIF-1α、NSE水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患儿治疗后14、28 d血清ICAM-1、IL-6、TNF-α、HIF-1α、NSE水平显著低于治疗前(P<0.05);2组患儿治疗后28 d血清ICAM-1、IL-6、TNF-α、HIF-1α、NSE水平显著低于治疗后14 d(P<0.05)。治疗后14、28 d,观察组患儿血清ICAM-1、IL-6、TNF-α、HIF-1α、NSE水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论GM1联合rhEPO治疗新生儿HIE,能显著降低炎症因子及血清HIF-1α、NSE水平,促进神经功能恢复。

血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶与卒中急性期认知功能障碍的相关性

目的:探讨卒中急性期认知功能障碍与入院时血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)之间的关系。方法:选取2017年7月至2023年1月在温州医科大学附属第一医院神经内科住院的急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者。所有患者在卒中发病后1个月完成简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)评估。在入院后第2天清晨采集空腹血并完成NSE的检测,血清NSE水平分为四层:Q1:≤11.00 ng/mL,Q2:>11.00~13.50 ng/mL,Q3:>13.50~17.00 ng/mL及Q4:>17.00 ng/mL。通过二元Logistic回归分析探讨血清NSE与卒中急性期认知功能障碍间的关系;采用限制性立方样条图(RCS)进一步探索NSE与认知功能障碍的关系。结果:认知功能障碍组血清NSE水平显著高于非认知功能障碍组(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,在控制了混杂因素后,以Q3层为参照,Q1、Q2及Q4层的患者发生认知功能障碍的风险均显著高于Q3层的患者(P<0.05)。此外,RCS模型发现当血清NSE水平高于17.69 ng/mL时,卒中急性期认知功能障碍的发生风险随着NSE的增加而显著升高;当血清NSE水平低于17.69 ng/mL时,卒中急性期认知功能障碍的发生风险相对稳定。结论:较高的血清NSE水平与卒中急性期认知功能障碍有关。这一发现可能有助于早期识别高风险患者,从而及时进行干预。

血清HIF-1α、NSE、GFAP及相关临床特征与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病发生风险的关系分析

目的探讨血清低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)及相关临床特征与新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)发生风险的关系。方法选取2020年1月—2023年1月苏州大学附属儿童医院收治的85例HIE患儿作为HIE组,另选取同期在该院出生的120例健康新生儿作为对照组,分析两组的临床资料并检测新生儿出生后3 d血清HIF-1α、NSE、GFAP水平。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清HIF-1α、NSE、GFAP水平预测新生儿HIE发病的价值;多因素逐步Logistic回归模型分析新生儿HIE发病的影响因素。结果与对照组相比,HIE组宫内窘迫、脐带异常、羊水污染、1 min Apgar评分≤7分的患儿比例较高(P<0.05),并且血清HIF-1α、NSE、GFAP水平较高(P<0.05);两组孕妇年龄、孕妇文化程度、胎龄、新生儿性别、出生体重、产次、剖宫产、胎膜早破比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,HIF-1α、NSE、GFAP及三者联合预测新生儿HIE发病的敏感性分别为82.7%(95%CI:0.795,0.862)、78.7%(95%CI:0.705,0.849)、84.0%(95%CI:0.803,0.891)、85.3%(95%CI:0.788,0.922),特异性分别为85.3%(95%CI:0.816,0.907)、74.7%(95%CI:0.715,0.796)、72.0%(95%CI:0.692,0.771)、90.5%(95%CI:0.825,0.956),AUC分别为0.907(95%CI:0.884,0.930)、0.850(95%CI:0.816,0.884)、0.893(95%CI:0.827,0.959)、0.936(95%CI:0.905,0.967);多因素逐步Logistic回归分析显示,宫内窘迫[O^R=3.592(95%CI:2.017,6.397)]、脐带异常[O^R=4.905(95%CI:2.862,8.406)]、羊水污染[O^R=7.262(95%CI:3.603,14.637)]、1 min Apgar评分≤7分[O^R=3.139(95%CI:1.954,5.043)]、HIF-1α≥0.463 ng/mL[O^R=2.916(95%CI:1.422,5.980)]、NSE≥12.395μg/L[O^R=3.714(95%CI:1.955,7.056)]、GFAP≥3.962 ng/mL[O^R=3.556(95%CI:2.039,6.202)]均是新生儿HIE发病的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论宫内窘迫、脐带异常、羊水污染、出生后1 min Apgar评分低及血清HIF-1α、NSE、GFAP水平高是新生儿HIE发病的危险因素,临床通过检测血清HIF-1α、NSE、GFAP水平可为临床筛查HIE提供帮助,3项指标联合检测可进一步提高诊断价值。

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血并发急性脑积水的危险因素分析及预测模型构建

目的评估动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,aSAH)并发急性脑积水(acute hydrocephalus,AHC)的危险因素,并构建预测模型。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2024年1月秦皇岛市第一医院神经外科收治的aSAH患者的临床资料。按照7∶3比例,将aSAH患者随机分为训练集和验证集,根据是否发生AHC分为AHC组和非AHC组,训练集用于构建AHC风险预测模型,验证集用于验证AHC风险预测模型,采用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC)及其曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)、校准曲线和决策曲线验证风险预测模型的可靠性和稳定性。结果共纳入1062例aSAH患者,其中324例患者发生AHC,发生率为30.51%。训练集、验证集分别有患者744、318例。多因素Logistic回归显示年龄≥60岁[OR=3.067,95%CI(1.710,5.499)]、破入脑室[OR=7.039,95%CI(3.792,13.068)]、Fisher分级为IV级[OR=3.371,95%CI(1.335,8.514)]、Hunt-Hess分级为IV级[OR=6.198,95%CI(2.218,17.324)]和高水平神经元特异性烯醇化酶[OR=1.746,95%CI(1.581,1.928)]是aSAH患者发生AHC的独立危险因素(P<0.05),而动脉瘤位于前循环[OR=0.397,95%CI(0.199,0.790)]是aSAH患者发生AHC的的独立保护因素(P<0.05)。训练集和验证集的AUC(95%CI)分别为0.950(0.932,0.967)和0.969(0.955,0.982);校准曲线显示“预测AHC概率”和“实际AHC概率”吻合;决策曲线均提示AHC风险预测模型临床净获益高于“全部”临床净获益。结论临床工作中应重点关注年龄≥60岁、破入脑室、Fisher分级与Hunt-Hess分级为IV级和高水平神经元特异性烯醇化酶aSAH患者AHC的发生风险,本研究构建的AHC预测模型可为早期识别AHC提供便捷工具。

轻中度颅脑损伤患者认知功能障碍与血清神经特异性烯醇化酶水平相关性

目的:探讨轻中度颅脑损伤患者认知功能障碍与神经特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平的相关性。方法:选择2017年9月—2020年9月收治的轻中度颅脑损伤患者82例,入院时检测患者血清NSE,待患者病情平稳后采用中文版蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评估认知功能,根据是否出现认知功能障碍分正常组和障碍组。单因素分析比较两组患者基本临床资料差异;进一步对比正常组和障碍组患者不同类型及不同部位颅脑损伤血清NSE的变化差异;相关性分析入院时患者血清NSE与患者MoCA评分相关性;多重线性回归分析探讨颅脑损伤后认知功能障碍影响因素。结果:障碍组硬膜下出血者血清NSE、蛛网膜下腔出血者血清NSE、脑挫裂伤者血清NSE,损伤部位额叶者血清NSE、颞叶者血清NSE、顶叶者血清NSE、枕叶者血清NSE,均高于正常组硬膜下出血者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中脑挫裂伤、额叶损伤患者入院时血清NSE含量最高,差异最明显;出院后1年随访45例患者MoCA评分28(24.50,30.00)分,Spearman相关性分析提示与45例患者入院时血清NSE(15.26,2.85)ng/mL之间存在负相关性(P<0.01);多重线性回归显示,根据吸烟史、损伤类型、损伤类别、头颅CT出血量和血清NSE含量预测患者认知功能障碍发生可能性。回归模型具有统计学意义(P<0.05),调整R 2=-0.732。纳入模型的5个自变量中只有血清NSE水平对颅脑损伤与认知功能障碍的相关性具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:有吸烟史、脑挫裂伤、额叶损伤、CT脑出血量较高的轻中度颅脑损伤患者应警惕认知功能障碍发生可能性。轻中度颅脑损伤患者入院时血清NSE含量越高越有可能发生认知功能障碍。

神经元特异性烯醇化酶在急性淋巴母细胞白血病中的表达及意义

目的分析神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在急性淋巴母细胞白血病(ALL)患者中的表达及意义。方法选2021年3月—2023年3月攀枝花市中心医院收入的86例ALL为观察组,另选同时段来院体检的健康者65例为对照组。所有受试者均测其血清NSE水平,比较两组受试者NSE水平差异。根据观察组病情将其分为中枢神经系统白血病(CNSL)组31例以及非CNSL组55例。比较两组患者相关实验室指标[白细胞计数(WBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、血小板(PLT)、红细胞计数(RBC)]以及NSE水平。建立受试者工作曲线,评估NSE诊断、鉴别ALL与CNSL的价值。结果CNSL组NSE水平高于非CNSL组、对照组,三组差异有统计学意(P<0.05)。与非CNSL组相比,CNSL组患者WBC、IL-10水平明显更高,差异有统计学意(P<0.05)。ALL患者NSE水平与WBC、IL-10水平呈正相关(P<0.05),与Hb、RBC、PLT无显著相关性(P>0.05)。NSE水平诊断ALL曲线下面积为0.799,敏感度、特异度分别为0.663、0.938,cut-off值为11.360μg/L,约登指数为0.601;NSE水平鉴别ALL类型曲线下面积为0.961,敏感度、特异度分别为0.903、0.964,cut-off值为13.320,约登指数为0.867。结论NSE在ALL患者中有异常表达,且CNSL型患者异常程度更为明显,NSE可为临床诊断及鉴别诊断ALL类型提供一定的参考价值。

胃泌素释放肽前体与神经元特异性烯醇化酶在小细胞肺癌诊疗过程中的价值

目的:研究在小细胞肺癌诊疗过程中胃泌素释放肽前体(gastrin releasing peptide precursor,Pro-GRP)与神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)的价值。方法:选取蚌埠医学院第一附属医院2020年4月-2021年3月期间在呼吸与危重症医学科住院、且首次确诊的小细胞肺癌(38例)、非小细胞肺癌(65例)及肺良性病变(51例)的患者,收集纳入患者的临床资料,并通过电化学发光法检测ProGRP及NSE的水平,评估临床诊疗价值。结果:小细胞肺癌组血清Pro-GRP和NSE的水平明显高于非小细胞肺癌组(P<0.05)、肺良性病变组(P<0.05)。广泛期小细胞肺癌组血清Pro-GRP和NSE的水平均高于局限期小细胞肺癌组(P<0.05)。小细胞肺癌患者血清ProGRP水平与性别、年龄、吸烟史无明显相关性(P>0.05);血清NSE水平与性别、年龄史无明显相关性(P>0.05),但与吸烟存在相关性(P<0.05)。采用ROC曲线分析明确了血清Pro-GRP和NSE诊断小细胞肺癌的界值分别为65.78 pg/mL、14.84 ng/mL;血清Pro-GRP诊断小细胞肺癌的敏感度、特异度、约登指数分别为84.21%、96.1%、0.803。NSE的敏感度、特异度、约登指数分别为68.4%、96.1%、0.645。2个周期规范方案化疗后,小细胞肺癌患者化疗后血清Pro-GRP和NSE的水平较化疗前明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:血清Pro-GRP和NSE可作为辅助小细胞肺癌诊断和疗效评价的肿瘤标志物。