Analysis of Yield and Disease Resistance Traits of New Winter Rapeseed Varieties over the Past Twenty Years in China

Based on the results of the national regional trail for winter rapeseed in four groups,including the upper reaches,middle reaches and lower reaches of Yangtze River and Huang-Huai region in the past twenty years,new varieties of winter rapeseed showed upward trend in average yield,the yield level in Huang-huai group was higher than other groups.The changes of average effective pods per plant were not significant in any group,but the number of grain per pod and 1 000-grain weight showed increase trend.However,the increment of grains per pod in three Yangtze River groups was higher than that in Huang-Huai River group,while the increment of 1 000-grain weight was just opposite.The incidence rate of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and viral disease in new varieties of winter rapeseed obviously decreased,and the incidence rate of S.sclerotiorum decreased lower than 5%.Genetic improvement for winter rapeseed should be focus on the number of grain per pod and 1 000-grain weight in the future,and yield level of new varieties in all four groups is expected to increase.

Boehmeria nivea var. strigosa (Urticaceae), a new variety from Southwest China

Boehmeria nivea var.strigosa Zeng Y.Wu&Y.Zhao,a new variety of B.nivea(Urticaceae)from Southwest China,is here described based on evidence from morphology and molecular phylogeny.This new variety is mainly characterized by its green abaxial leaf blade,partly connate stipules,and densely patent strigose hairs on stems and potioles.The phylogenetic analysis based on rbc L,nrDNA and rbc L+nrDNA datasets,revealed that all individuals of B.nivea var.strigosa formed a monophyletic group.The conservation status of B.nivea var.strigosa is assessed as“Near Threatened”(NT)according to IUCN evaluation criteria.The discovery of this new variety is not only crucial for the taxonomy of ramie,but also provides reference for the exploration and utilization of ramie.

A New Combination and Two Varieties of Polystigmate Gomphonema (Gomphonemaceae Bacillariophyta) from Heilongjiang Province, China

The authors discribed a new polystigmate combination, Gomphonema turris Ehr. var. okamurae (Skv.) Fan et Bao.comb.nov., and two new varieties, Gomphonema turris Ehr. var. latum Fan et Wang. var. nov. and Gomphonema acuminatum var. obtusum Fan et Bao, var. nov., that were distinguished by frustule morphology under LM. The samples were collected from freshwater of Heilongjiang Province, China.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Flower Border Application Value of New and Superior Plants in Hefei Area

An analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was employed to assess the applicability of 18 new and superior varieties of flowers in Hefei City flower border applications.A total of 12 indicators were selected from three distinct aspects of adaptability,ornamental characteristics and use traits,in order to establish a comprehensive evaluation model.The results demonstrate that grade I(J≥2.685)exhibits excellent application value,encompassing six species of plants,such asHydrangeamacrophylla‘Endless Summer’;grade II(2.684≤J≤2.420)is also of notable application value,encompassing five species of plants,such asCallistemonrigidus;grade III(2.419≤J≤2.615)is of average application value,including five species of plants,such asCrocosmiacrocosmiflora;grade IV(J≤2.16)is of relatively poor application value.The evaluation results may be utilized as a theoretical reference for the promotion of new and superior varieties in the flower border of Hefei.

Characterization of QTL for unique agronomic traits of new-plant-type rice varieties using introgression lines of IR64

To enhance the yield potential of an elite indica rice cultivar,an introgression(BC_3-derived) line of IR64,YTH288,was developed using a new-plant-type cultivar,IR66215-44-2-3,as a donor parent.YTH288 has agronomically valuable characteristics such as large panicles,few unproductive tillers,and large leaves inherited from NPT.To identify the genetic basis of these traits,we used 167 F_2 plants derived from a cross between IR64 and YTH288 to conduct QTL analysis for five agronomic traits:days to heading(DTH),culm length(CL),flag leaf length(FLL),flag leaf width(FLW),and filled spikelet number per panicle(FSN).Six putative QTL were detected:four on chromosome4(for CL,FLL,FLW,and FSN) and two on chromosome 2(for DTH and FLL).All QTL with the IR66215-44-2-3 allele,except that for FLL on chromosome 2,had positive effects on each trait.To confirm the effects of these putative QTL,we developed NILs with the IR64 genetic background by marker-assisted selection.We observed significant differences in several agronomic traits between IR64 and NILs that carried these QTL on chromosomes2 and 4.Additionally,four IR64-NILs carrying chromosomal segments derived from different NPT varieties on the long arm of chromosome 4 exhibited similar pleiotropic To enhance the yield potential of an elite indica rice cultivar, an introgression(BC3-derived) line of IR64, YTH288, was developed using a new-plant-type cultivar,IR66215-44-2-3, as a donor parent. YTH288 has agronomically valuable characteristics such as large panicles, few unproductive tillers, and large leaves inherited from NPT.To identify the genetic basis of these traits, we used 167 F2 plants derived from a cross between IR64 and YTH288 to conduct QTL analysis for five agronomic traits: days to heading(DTH), culm length(CL), flag leaf length(FLL), flag leaf width(FLW), and filled spikelet number per panicle(FSN). Six putative QTL were detected: four on chromosome4(for CL, FLL, FLW, and FSN) and two on chromosome 2(for DTH and FLL). All QTL with the IR66215-44-2-3 allele, except that for FLL on chromosome 2, had positive effects on each trait. To confirm the effects of these putative QTL, we developed NILs with the IR64 genetic background by marker-assisted selection. We observed significant differences in several agronomic traits between IR64 and NILs that carried these QTL on chromosomes2 and 4. Additionally, four IR64-NILs carrying chromosomal segments derived from different NPT varieties on the long arm of chromosome 4 exhibited similar pleiotropiceffects for unique agronomic traits. These NILs can be used as research materials for studying each trait and as breeding materials for yield improvement of indica rice cultivars.

Impact of Implementing 1991 Act of the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants in China

The Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants is abbreviated as UPOV. The Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants has 1961/1972 Act ,1978 Act and 1991 Act. China is member of UPOV and its regulations of protection of new varieties of plants conform to 1978 Act. At present, there is big debate whether China accedes to 1991 Act. This paper mainly discussed advantages and possibilities that China accedes to 1991 Act, and concluded that it is highly desirable that China should consider acceding to 1991 Act in order to contribute to development of system on protection of new varieties of plants.

Farmers' Privilege under the Protection of New Plant Varieties

This paper studies farmers'privilege under the protection of new plant varieties,and points out that farmers'privilege is given to balance interests of plant breeders and relevant public.Based on this,it analyzes shortcomings of farmers'privilege regulations,and puts forward that it is required to improve farmers'privilege regulations in subjects,objects and contents of rights on the basis of learning from advanced legislation experience of foreign countries,and build the interest sharing mechanism between breeders and farmers.

Correlation and Cluster Analysis on the Quality Characters of New Middle-ripe Japonica Rice Varieties in Jiangsu Province

[ Objective] This study aimed to analyze the quality characteristics of the new middle-ripejapon/ca rico varieties in Jiangsu Province. [ Method] Four- teen new rice varieties included in the Middle-ripe Japon/ca Rice Regional Test in 2011 were selected as the materials. Correlation analysis and cluster analysis were carried out on their quality traits. [Result] The rice cultivars possessed stable characteristics, which were difficult to be further improved. In addition, their quality traits had extremely complicated relationships, and the differences were significant between different groups. [ Conclusion] This study will provide reference for improving the quality traits of japonica rice.

New Varieties of Populus tomentosa Carr. and Breeding Techniques

The main morphological characteristics, producing area and growth characteristics of sixteen new varieties of Chinese white poplar （Populus tomentosa Carr. ） are reported, aiming at providing reference for breeding and extension of new varieties.

Study on Introduction Test of New Varieties of High Quality Conventional Rice in Yangjiang City, China

[Objective]The paper was to seek new varieties of high quality conventional rice suitable for Yangjiang area,Guangdong Province,China.[Method]In 2017,introduction test was performed with seven new varieties of high-quality conventional rice approved by Guangdong Province in recent years,including Huangsilizhan,Guangjingruanzhan,Heliyouzhan,Huahang 48,Limiaozhan,Lvyinzhan,Yuehesimiao,to investigate the main agronomic traits and yield of all varieties tested.[Result]The comprehensive performance of Lvyinzhan,Guangjingruanzhan,Limiaozhan and Huahang 48 was outstanding,showing the characters of good yield,excellent rice quality and strong stress resistance.[Conclusion]Lvyinzhan,Guangjingruanzhan,Limiaozhan and Huahang 48 are suitable for large-scale demonstration and promotion in Yangjiang area.

NEW VARIETIES AND LINES

Ⅱ-you 92: a new hybrid rice for late seasonⅡ-you 92 is an indica hybrid rice that was developed by Jinhua Agri Res Inst, Zhejiang Province.Ⅱ-you 92 has a suitable growth duration of 122-125 d as double-cropping late season rice, 3-4 dshorter than that of Shanyou 64 and 6-7 d shorter than Shanyou 10. It has a compact plant type, high tiller-ing ability and plant height of 85-90 cn. A number of 3.4-3.6 million effective panicles per ha can be

NEW VARIETIES AND LINES

Qixiuzhan 3:a new high-yielding, good-quality indica rice varietyBy crossing Qishanzhan with Xinxiu 299, a new variety Qixiuzhan 3 was developed by the Rice Res Inst ofGuangdong Acad of Agri Sci.Being planted in the early season, this variety belongs to mid-late-maturity rice, with the same ma-

New technique for identifying varieties resistance to rice blast

After 8 yrs lab experiments and field tests, an advanced technique for identifying varieties resistance to rice blast was developed by a research group in Plant Protection Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. With this technique, the inoculum was prepared on a maize-rice-straw-agar media which was suitable for sporulation of most rice blast pathogen isolates. To avoid possible virulence variation during the vegetative growth, the conidia were harvested and preserved for later different sets of resistance evaluation tests. A simple and precise new method—smear inoculation was used for infection. The experi-

RAPD-SCAR Markers for Genetically Improved NEW GIFT Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus niloticus L.) and Their Application in Strain Identification

The NEW GIFT Nile tilapia （Oreochromis niloticus niloticus L.） is a nationally certificated new strain selected over 14 years and 9 generations from the base strain of GIFT Nile tilapia, introduced in 1994. This new variety has been extended in most of areas of China. The management of genetically improved strains, including the genetic markers for identification is needed urgently. RAPD analysis was conducted and their conversion to SCAR markers was developed. From NEW GIFT Nile tilapia, two strain-specific RAPD bands, S304624 bp and S36568 bp were identified. The strain-specific RAPD bands were gel-purified, cloned, and sequenced. Locus-specific primers were then designed to amplify the strain-specific bands. PCR amplification was conducted to test the variations in allele frequencies of two converted SCAR markers among the NEW GIFT Nile tilapia and its base strains, as well as 7 additional farmed strains worldwide. The frequency of SCAR marker Ⅰ （553 bp） was 85.7% in NEW GIFT Nile tilapia, but 16.7% in the base strain. The frequency of SCAR marker Ⅱ （558 bp） was 91.4% in NEW GIFT Nile tilapia, but 0% 70% in the 7 other strains. In order to confirm the utility of these two markers, an examination was conducted for a wild population from Egypt, resulted the frequency of SCAR Ⅰ and Ⅱ was 10% and 70%, respectively, much lower than that of New GIFT strain. The increase in allele frequency of these two SCAR markers suggests that these markers might be genetically linked to the quantitative trait loci （QTL） underlining the performance traits by long term selection, and indicate the bright potential of SCAR marker technology for tracking generations during selection progress and for distinguishing among genetically improved strain and other strains.

Analysis on Pigment and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Leaves of New Strain of Rehmannia glutinosa

Through the analysis on the leaf color and photosynthetic characteristics of new strains and main cultivars of Rehmannia glutinosa,it is expected to provide theoretical basis for breeding of new varieties. Chlorophyll,anthocyanin,and net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,stomatal conductance（Cond）,transpiration rate（Tr）,and intercellular CO2concentration（Ci） in 8 varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa were measured by spectrophotometer and LI-6400 XT Portable Photosynthesis System. The results showed that the chlorophyll content of Huaidijin 8（2. 84 mg/g）,Huaidi 81（2. 71 mg/g）,Huaidi 85-5（2. 69 mg/g）,Jinjiu（2. 66 mg/g） and Huaidi 83（2. 63 mg/g） was higher; the anthocyanin content of Jinjiu（0. 169） and Huaidijin 8（0. 165） was higher,while the anthocyanin content Huaidi 83（0. 060） was the lowest; Pn of Huaidi81[2. 41 μmol/（m2·s） ],Huaidi 83[2. 37 μmol/（m2·s） ]and Huaidijin 8[2. 25 μmol/（m2·s） ]was higher,and the anthocyanin content was positively correlated with Pn,while the anthocyanin content was negatively correlated with Pn; Huaidijin 8 and Huaidi 83 showed dominant advantages in single plant fresh weight,indicator component,and resistance over the main cultivars. This indicates that the new variety Huaidijin 8 and Huaidi 83 have excellent comprehensive traits and can be properly popularized.

Preliminary Report of Induction Test of Tomato Varieties

An introduction and observation test was carried out to 8 tomato varieties in cement arch plastic greenhouse. The results showed that the tested variety 10-2 exhibited the highest average yield of 61 520.9 kg/hm2, which was higher than Mantian 2180 as control by 33.7%. Varieties 10-2 and 10-3 showed the advantages of good fruit type, uniform size, thick pericarp, good hardness, high fruit setting rate, strong disease resistance, good low temperature resistance, good tolerance to stor-age and transportation and good quality. They could be planted for demonstration as export varieties in open field and greenhouse in mountainous area in Ningxia.

3-29 Oil-sunflower New Strain FK01

FK01 is a new strain of oil-sunflower with cytoplasmic male sterile line HA as female parent and cytoplasmicmale sterile restorer line 19540 as male parent. 19540 is a mutant irradiated by carbon ion which seed oil contentincreases.FK01 joined 2014 Gansu province regional test of oil-sunflower and planted in six sites: Jingyuan agriculturaltechnique spreading center, Minqin agricultural technique spreading center, Jingtai agricultural technique spreadingcenter, Jiuquan agricultural sciences research institute, Tianshui agricultural sciences research institute, andHuanxian seed control station.

A new mixed-mode phase-field model for crack propagation of brittle rock

Study on crack propagation process of brittle rock is of most significance for cracking-arrest design and cracking-network optimization in rock engineering.Phase-field model(PFM)has advantages of simplicity and high convergence over the common numerical methods(e.g.finite element method,discrete element method,and particle manifold method)in dealing with three-dimensional and multicrack problems.However,current PFMs are mainly used to simulate mode-I(tensile)crack propagation but difficult to effectively simulate mode-II(shear)crack propagation.In this paper,a new mixed-mode PFM is established to simulate both mode-I and mode-II crack propagation of brittle rock by distinguishing the volumetric elastic strain energy and deviatoric elastic strain energy in the total elastic strain energy and considering the effect of compressive stress on mode-II crack propagation.Numerical solution method of the new mixed-mode PFM is proposed based on the staggered solution method with self-programmed subroutines UMAT and HETVAL of ABAQUS software.Three examples calculated using different PFMs as well as test results are presented for comparison.The results show that compared with the conventional PFM(which only simulates the tensile wing crack but not mode-II crack propagation)and the modified mixed-mode PFM(which has difficulty in simulating the shear anti-wing crack),the new mixed-mode PFM can successfully simulate the whole trajectories of mixed-mode crack propagation(including the tensile wing crack,shear secondary crack,and shear anti-wing crack)and mode-II crack propagation,which are close to the test results.It can be further extended to simulate multicrack propagation of anisotropic rock under multi-field coupling loads.

口感番茄新品种“潍科玉玲珑”的选育

“潍科玉玲珑”是潍坊科技学院用自交系WKFQ015作母本、自交系YLL48作父本杂交选育而成的口感番茄新品种。该品种长势旺盛,早熟,果圆形底部略扁,未成熟果实带绿肩,成熟后果实亮深粉色,色泽亮丽,平均单果质量120 g,皮薄且有韧性,肉厚汁多,酸甜适度,风味浓郁,香味独特,维生素C含量22.1 mg·(100g)^(-1),番茄红素含量80.9 mg·kg^(-1),可溶固形物含量7.4%,品质优良。2020年1月通过国家非主要农作物品种登记,适合山东省、河北省等大部分地区早春设施种植。

烤烟新品种川烟102的选育及特征特性

烤烟新品种川烟102是以(K326×云烟85)F_(1)为母本、(NC86×Coker176)F_(1)为父本杂交,以抗TMV和黑胫病为育种目标,经系谱法选育而成的烤烟纯系。该品种田间生长整齐,长势较强,植株为筒形,叶色绿,叶形长椭圆,农艺性状较好;该品种对TMV免疫,中抗黑胫病和赤星病,田间落黄好,较易烘烤,综合经济性状显著优于主对照品种K326,优于副对照品种云烟87;烤后原烟外观质量优于主对照品种K326,与副对照品种云烟87相当;感官质量优于主对照K326和副对照云烟87,综合质量与主对照K326、副对照云烟87相当。川烟102是一个经济性状优、品质好、适应广的烤烟纯系新品种,适宜在安徽等东南烟区、四川等西南烟区种植。