Preparation of Amorphous Film on Ni-S Alloy by Electroplating Method

Beginning from the formation of amorphous alloy film and its use of proAnse, this paper obtains the Ni-S amorphous alloy film by electroplating method using a bath containing Na2S2O3, and considers the deposition conditions in detail. The composition of Ni-S alloy film changes with the cathodic current density, Na2S2O3 content in the bath solution and bath pH, but the structure of the film is detendned by the sulphur content in the deposit. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show that films containing about 15-30% sulphur consist of amorphous alloy. In addition, the process of Ni-S alloy film deposition and the relation between the plating conditions and deposits were studied.

Positive effect of Mo on mechanical properties of a Ni-42W-10Co-xMo medium heavy alloy

In this study,a novel Ni-W-Co-Mo medium heavy alloy(MHA)was designed to improve its mechanical strength via Mo doping.In the Ni-42W-10Co-x Mo alloy series,where x represents the weight percent of Mo and varies between 0,1,2,5,and 10,the microstructure transitions from a dendritic structure to a hypo-eutectic structure as the Mo content increases from 0 to 5wt.%.Moreover,as the Mo content increases from 0 to 10wt.%,the distribution of theμ-phase shifts from being individually dispersed to forming aggregates,and its volume fraction rises from 0.5%to 7.9%.Notably,theμ-phase evolves into an eutectic microstructure,which helps in minimizing the segregation of elements.This change is accompanied by a substantial enhancement in mechanical properties;specifically,the compressive yield strength at room temperature increases from 350 MPa to 646 MPa,indicating a significant 85%increase.Similarly,the microhardness increases from 230 HV to 304 HV.Molecular dynamics simulations further reveal that the strengthening mechanism of Ni-42W-10Co-x Mo alloys is Mo-induced solid solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening.

Achieving further refinement of grain structure and improvement of mechanical properties in Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-1Mg alloy by Al-Ti-C-B master alloy addition and deep cryogenic treatment

Near-eutectic Al-Si alloys are widely used in automotive manufacturing due to their superior wear resistance and high temperature performance.Because of high Si content,the grain refinement of near-eutectic Al-Si alloy has been a problem for many years.In this study,the effect of deep cryogenic treatment(DCT)on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-Mg alloy with addition of Al-Ti-C-B master alloy was fully investigated.Results show that the average grain size of the alloy is greatly reduced from 0.92 mm to 0.50 mm,and the eutectic Si and Al7Cu4Ni precipitates are spheroidized and refined in Al-12Si-4Cu-2Ni-Mg after DCT for 24 h and aging treatment.Thereby these changes of microstructures result in a significant increment of about 22.5%in elongation and a slight enhancement of about 6.8%in tensile strength.Moreover,the refinement of microstructure also significantly improves the fatigue life of the alloy.

Cu-Ni-Si-xLa热轧板电导率与其特征组织的关联机制

为探究稀土La元素的添加对C70250合金组织和性能的作用,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、电子背散射衍射、显微硬度仪、电导率仪及拉伸试验机等研究了Cu-Ni-Si-xLa合金在铸态、均匀化态、热轧态的显微组织、晶粒大小及分布和析出相的演变过程,分析前处理过程中不同稀土La含量对合金性能的影响规律。结果表明,添加La在铸锭靠外的区域会出现细晶区域,这个细晶区的晶粒随着La含量的增加先细化再粗化;Base合金和添加0.05%La(质量分数)合金出现明显的树枝晶,晶界较为模糊。铸锭中加入适量La元素后,产生细晶强化效果,硬度升高。Base合金中再结晶晶粒分布于纤维状晶粒宽度方向两侧,而加入La合金再结晶晶粒多分布于纤维状晶粒端部并有向晶粒中间生长的趋势,再结晶晶粒会切断纤维状晶粒使其变短。适量La的添加可提高Cu-2.8Ni-0.66Si合金的轧制态强度,综合性能最好的是La的加入量为0.2%,抗拉强度和电导率分别为441 MPa和18.2%IACS。

Hot deformation behavior and processing map of Cu-Ni-Si-P alloy

The high-temperature deformation behavior of Cu-Ni-Si-P alloy was investigated by using the hot compression test in the temperature range of 600-800 ℃ and strain rate of 0.01-5 s-1. The hot deformation activation energy, Q, was calculated and the hot compression constitutive equation was established. The processing maps of the alloy were constructed based on the experiment data and the forging process parameters were then optimized based on the generated maps for forging process determination. The flow behavior and the microstructural mechanism of the alloy were studied. The flow stress of the Cu-Ni-Si-P alloy increases with increasing strain rate and decreasing deformation temperature, and the dynamic recrystallization temperature of alloy is around 700 ℃. The hot deformation activation energy for dynamic recrystallization is determined as 485.6 kJ/mol. The processing maps for the alloy obtained at strains of 0.3 and 0.5 were used to predict the instability regimes occurring at the strain rate more than 1 s-1 and low temperature （〈650 ℃）. The optimum range for the alloy hot deformation processing in the safe domain obtained from the processing map is 750-800 ℃ at the strain rate of 0.01-0.1 s i The characteristic microstructures predicted from the processing map agree well with the results of microstructural observations.

Structure and effects of electroless Ni-Sn-P transition layer during acid electroless plating on magnesium alloys

An electroless ternary Ni-Sn-P transition layer with high corrosion resistance was applied for acid electroless nickel plating on magnesium alloys. The surface morphologies and microstructure of the traditional alkaline electroless Ni-P and novel Ni-Sn-P transition layers were compared by SEM and XRD, and the bonding strengths between the transition layers and AZ31 magnesium alloys were tested. The corrosion resistance of the samples was analyzed by porosity test, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS） in acid electroless solution at p H 4.5 and immersion test in 10% HCl. The results indicate that the transition layer is essential for acid electroless plating Ni-P coatings on magnesium alloys. Under the same thin thickness（-6 μm）, the electroless Ni-Sn-P transition layer possesses superior properties to the traditional Ni-P transition layer, including high amorphization, smooth and dense surface without pores, enhanced bonding strength and corrosion resistance. Most importantly, acid electroless Ni-P coatings can be successfully deposited on magnesium alloys by using Ni-Sn-P transition layer.

冷轧变形对引线框架用Cu-Ni-Si合金硬度与导电性能的影响

对固溶态Cu-4.0Ni-0.5Si合金进行了不同变形量冷轧试验,采用维氏硬度计、涡流电导仪、SEM等研究了冷轧变形量对冷轧态、时效态Cu-Ni-Si合金的硬度、导电性及组织的影响。结果表明:经过冷轧变形后,Cu-4.0Ni-0.5Si合金的硬度得到明显提高,导电率有所下降。对不同变形量冷轧的合金进行450℃的时效处理,冷轧变形量越大,Cu-4.0Ni-0.5Si合金时效过程中合金元素析出越完全,合金的导电率越高,合金硬度达到峰值的时效时间就越短。80%冷轧+450℃×6 h时效的Cu-4.0Ni-0.5Si合金的导电率最高,为62.5%IACS。

固溶处理及工艺路径对Cu-Ni-Si-Co合金板材性能的影响

目的系统探究了不同固溶温度及不同冷轧时效工艺对C7035合金力学性能与导电性能的影响规律。方法针对C7035合金进行了不同温度的固溶处理,并进行了冷轧以及不同温度的时效处理。对比一次时效的力学性能与电学性能差异性,并优化工艺路径。选择性能较为优异的样品观察其微观组织以及析出相。结果提高固溶温度可显著提升一次冷轧-时效合金的硬度、强度以及导电性,其中性能较为优异的工艺参数为960℃固溶1 h、冷轧90%、450℃时效3 h,对应板材的维氏硬度、抗拉强度及导电率分别为241.2HV0.1、777 MPa、48.6%IACS。工艺优化后,较优异的工艺参数为960℃固溶1 h、冷轧90%、450℃预时效0.5 h、冷轧50%、450℃时效2 h,对应板材的维氏硬度、抗拉强度及导电率分别为252.8HV0.1、787 MPa、41.2%IACS。结论固溶温度越高,溶质原子溶入基体的数量越多,固溶后能观察到的第二相越少。960℃固溶后一次冷轧-时效的强度较高,与880℃固溶后一次冷轧-时效后相比,强度提高了约100 MPa,二次冷轧时效后,强度有进一步的提升。

热处理对电沉积Ni-S合金微观组织和析氢性能的影响

电解水制氢是目前最有望替代矿石燃料制氢的技术,低成本且高效的析氢电极是限制电解水制氢大规模应用的瓶颈问题,而Ni-S合金具有易制备和高活性等优点,作为电解水的阴极材料具有极大的潜力。通过电沉积法在泡沫镍表面制备了非晶Ni-S合金,研究了Ni-S合金的晶化行为对其析氢性能的影响,热处理促使非晶Ni-S合金镀层再结晶转变为以Ni_(3)S_(2)和Ni为主的结晶层,电化学分析结果表明热处理减少非晶Ni-S合金镀层的析氢活性位点,增大氢气从Ni-S合金表面脱附难度,显著削弱Ni-S/NF电极的电化学析氢性能。

高性能Cu-Ni-Si系合金研究现状及发展趋势

先进铜基材料具有广阔的市场及良好的发展前景。相比于Cu-Be, Cu-Fe-P, Cu-Cr等合金而言,Cu-Ni-Si系合金具有高强度、较高的导电率、良好的抗高温软化、抗应力松弛性能及低廉的价格等优点,广泛应用于机械制造、航空航天、交通运输、电子和电气工程等工业领域。本文首先介绍了Cu-Ni-Si系合金的发展现状,并从产品性能及产业化方面论述了国内外存在的差异。该合金发展趋势主要是朝着先进高强高导弹性铜合金方向发展,核心挑战是在提升强度的同时保持甚至提高导电性能,并且由于服役环境的复杂化及服役时间的延长,对于材料服役性能的可靠稳定性也提出了更为严苛的要求。最后从成分设计、加工及形变热处理工艺、时效析出行为、服役性能等方面综述了CuNi-Si系合金的研究现状,并针对目前该材料存在的不足,展望了高强度高导电铜合金的未来发展趋势。

Microstructure and damping properties of LPSO phase dominant Mg-Ni-Y and Mg-Zn-Ni-Y alloys

This work studied the microstructure,mechanical properties and damping properties of Mg_(95.34)Ni_(2)Y_(2.66) and Mg_(95.34)Zn_(1)Ni_(1)Y_(2.66)alloys systematically.The difference in the evolution of the long-period stacked ordered(LPSO)phase in the two alloys during heat treatment was the focus.The morphology of the as-cast Mg_(95.34)Ni_(2)Y_(2.66)presented a disordered network.After heat treatment at 773 K for 2 hours,the eutectic phase was integrated into the matrix,and the LPSO phase maintained the 18R structure.As Zn partially replaced Ni,the crystal grains became rounded in the cast alloy,and lamellar LPSO phases and more solid solution atoms were contained in the matrix after heat treatment of the Mg_(95.34)Zn_(1)Ni_(1)Y_(2.66)alloy.Both Zn and the heat treatment had a significant effect on damping.Obvious dislocation internal friction peaks and grain boundary internal friction peaks were found after temperature-dependent damping of the Mg_(95.34)Ni_(2)Y_(2.66)and Mg_(95.34)Zn_(1)Ni_(1)Y_(2.66)alloys.After heat treatment,the dislocation peak was significantly increased,especially in the alloy Mg_(95.34)Ni_(2)Y_(2).66.The annealed Mg_(95.34)Ni_(2)Y_(2.66)alloy with a rod-shaped LPSO phase exhibited a good damping performance of 0.14 atε=10^(−3),which was due to the difference between the second phase and solid solution atom content.These factors also affected the dynamic modulus of the alloy.The results of this study will help in further development of high-damping magnesium alloys.

Evolution of microstructure and properties of a novel Ni-based superalloy during stress relief annealing

We discussed the decrease in residual stress,precipitation evolution,and mechanical properties of GH4151 alloy in different annealing temperatures,which were studied by the scanning electron microscope(SEM),high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),and electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD).The findings reveal that annealing processing has a significant impact on diminishing residual stresses.As the annealing temperature rose from 950 to 1150℃,the majority of the residual stresses were relieved from 60.1 MPa down to 10.9 MPa.Moreover,the stress relaxation mechanism transitioned from being mainly controlled by dislocation slip to a combination of dislocation slip and grain boundary migration.Meanwhile,the annealing treatment promotes the decomposition of the Laves,accompanied by the precipitation ofμ-(Mo_(6)Co_(7))starting at 950℃ and reaching a maximum value at 1050℃.The tensile strength and plasticity of the annealing alloy at 1150℃ reached the maximum(1394 MPa,56.1%)which was 131%,200%fold than those of the as-cast alloy(1060 MPa,26.6%),but the oxidation process in the alloy was accelerated at 1150℃.The enhancement in durability and flexibility is primarily due to the dissolution of the brittle phase,along with the shape and dispersal of theγ′phase.

Microstructure and properties of Cu-Ni-Si-Zr alloy after thermomechanical treatments

The effect of thermomechanical treatments on the microstructures and properties of Cu-2.1Ni-0.5Si- 0.2Zr alloy was investigated. The hot-rolled plates were solution treated at 920 ℃ for 1.5 h, quenched into water, cold rolled by 70 % reduction in thickness, and then aged at 400, 450 and 500 ℃for various times. The variation in tensile strength and electrical conductivity of the alloy was measured as a function of the aging time. The results show the peak strength value of 665 MPa for the alloy aged at 450 ℃ for 2 h. However, the electrical conductivity is observed to reach a maximum of 47 % IACS aged at 450℃for 8 h. OM, SEM, and TEM were used for microstructural inspection of the alloy. Precipitation occurs preferentially at deformation bands in the cold-rolled alloy. Properties behavior is discussed in the light of microstructural features.

Microstructural Changes of Cu-Ni-Si Alloy during Aging

Age hardening in Cu-3.2Ni-0.75Si (wt pct) and Cu-1.0Ni-0.25Si (wt pct) alloys from 723 to 823 K is studied. After an incubation period strengthening appears which is due to precipitates in the Cu-l.ONi-0.25Si (wt pct) alloy. On other hand an immediate increase of the yield strength characterizes the aging of the alloy. This is followed by the regions of constant yield strength and further by a peak. The microstructure of the alloy was studied by, means of transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Spinodal decomposition takes place followed by nucleation of the ordering coherent (Cu,Ni)3Si particles, further precipitation annealing coherent δ-Ni2Si nucleated within the (Cu,Ni)3Si particle. Any change of the yield strength can be described by an adequate change of the structure in the sample. The nature of the aging curves with a 'plateau' is discussed. The formulas of Ashby and Labusch can be used to explain the precipitation.

Dynamics of phase transformation of Cu-Ni-Si alloy with super-high strength and high conductivity during aging

The precipitation behaviors of the Cu-Ni-Si alloys during aging were studied by analyzing the variations of electric conductivity.The Avrami-equation of phase transformation kinetics and the Avrami-equation of electric conductivity during aging were established for Cu-Ni-Si alloys,on the basis of linear relationship between the electric conductivity and the volume fraction of precipitates,and the calculation results coincide well with the experiment ones.The transformation kinetics curves were established to characterize the aging process.The characteristics of precipitates in the supersaturated solid solution alloy aged at 723 K were established,and the results show that the precipitates areβ-Ni3Si andδ-Ni2Si phases.

Amorphous Formation in an Undercooled Binary Ni-Si Alloy under Slow Cooling Rate

High undercooling up to 392 K was achieved in eutectic Ni70.2Si29.8 alloy melt by using glass fluxing combined with cyclic superheating. A small quantity of amorphous phase was obtained in bulk eutectic Ni70.2Si29.8 alloy when undercooling exceeds 240 K under slow cooling conditions （about 1 K/s）. The amorphous phase was confirmed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry.

Effect of Cerium and Boron on Microstructures and Properties of Cu-Ni-Si Alloy

The effects of trace boron and cerium addition on microstructures and properties of high-strength and high-conductivity Cu-Ni-Si alloys were studied. The results showed that the recrystallization starting temperature of Cu-Ni-Si alloy was greatly raised by adding trace Ce and B, which resulted in that the recrystallization of alloy did not happen until the aging strengthening peak was reached. Thus, the good strengthening effect contributed by both precipitation and cold working was obtained, and not only the peak strength was obviously increased but also the strength peak and conductivity peak appeared at the same aging temperature. The trace addition of Ce and B makes the alloys achieve an excellent combination of high strength and high conductivity.

Improvement of wear and corrosion resistance of AZ91 magnesium alloy by applying Ni-SiC nanocomposite coating via pulse electrodeposition

To improve the surface properties of AZ91 magnesium alloy, Ni-SiC nanocomposite coatings with various SiC contents were pulse electrodeposited in modified Watts baths containing SiC nano-particles with the concentration of 0-15 g/L. The morphology of the coatings was studied by scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The SiC content of the coatings was measured by energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS） analyzer. Microhardness measurement of the coatings showed up to 600% enhancement for the sample produced from the bath with 15 g/L SiC. The corrosion behavior of the coated AZ91 alloy was investigated by potentiodynamic polarization method. The results reveal a significant improvement in the corrosion resistance, that is, the corrosion current density decreases from 0.13 mA/cm2 for uncoated specimen to 1.74x10-6 mA/cm2 for the sample coated from the bath containing 15 g/L SiC and the corrosion potential increases from -1.6 V for uncoated specimen to -0.31 V for the sample coated from the bath. The wear resistance of both coated and uncoated samples was evaluated by pin-on-disc tribotester. The results show that the wear volume loss of coated sample is 8 times less than the bare alloy.

形变热处理对Cu-Ni-Si合金组织性能的影响

借助扫描电镜、电子万能试验机、维氏硬度计和数字涡流金属电导仪等研究了冷轧变形量和时效对Cu-Ni-Si合金组织与性能的影响。结果表明:冷轧态合金变形量越大,显微组织中晶粒沿着轧制的方向被拉得越长和越扁。当时效温度或时效时间增加到一定程度时,冷变形晶粒发生了回复再结晶,时效时间继续延长再结晶晶粒逐渐长大。冷轧态合金主要以脆性断裂为主,时效态合金以韧性断裂为主。当冷轧变形量为80.0%及经500℃×1 h时效后合金的综合性能最佳,电导率为46.37%IACS,显微硬度为236.14 HV0.1,抗拉强度为638.24 MPa,屈服强度为581.55 MPa,伸长率为5.77%。

Hot Deformation Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Ni-0.5Nb Titanium Alloy

Characterization of hot deformation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Ni-0.5Nb titanium alloy was investigated through isothermal compression at various temperatures from 750 to 1050℃and strain rate from 0.01 to 10 s^(-1).The isothermal compression experiment results showed that the peak stress of Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Ni-0.5Nb titanium alloy decreased with the temperature increasing and the strain rate decreasing.The softening mechanism was dynamic recovery below T_(β)and changed to dynamic recrystallization above T_(β).The arrheniustype relationship was used to calculate the constitutive equation of Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Ni-0.5Nb alloy in two-phase regions.It was found that the apparent activation energies were 427.095 kJ·mol^(-1)in theα+βphase region and 205.451 kJ·mol^(-1)in theβphase region,respectively.On the basis of dynamic materials model,the processing map is generated,which shows that the highest peak efficiency of power dissipation of 56%occurs at about 1050℃/0.01 s^(-1).It can be found in the processing maps that the strain had significant effect on the peak region of power dissipation efficiency of Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Ni-0.5Nb alloy.Furthermore,optimized hot working regions were investigated and validated through microstructure observation.The optimum thermo mechanical process condition for hot working of Ti-6Al-4V-0.5Ni-0.5Nb titanium alloy was suggested to be in the temperature range of 950-1000℃with a strain rate of 0.01-0.1 s^(-1).