Cooperative maneuver decision making for multi-UAV air combat based on incomplete information dynamic game

Cooperative autonomous air combat of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)is one of the main combat modes in future air warfare,which becomes even more complicated with highly changeable situation and uncertain information of the opponents.As such,this paper presents a cooperative decision-making method based on incomplete information dynamic game to generate maneuver strategies for multiple UAVs in air combat.Firstly,a cooperative situation assessment model is presented to measure the overall combat situation.Secondly,an incomplete information dynamic game model is proposed to model the dynamic process of air combat,and a dynamic Bayesian network is designed to infer the tactical intention of the opponent.Then a reinforcement learning framework based on multiagent deep deterministic policy gradient is established to obtain the perfect Bayes-Nash equilibrium solution of the air combat game model.Finally,a series of simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method,and the simulation results show effective synergies and cooperative tactics.

Theil Utility Based Multi-Device Cooperation Mechanism for Service Quality Equilibrium in Ubiquitous Stub Environments

An approach to make heterogeneous devices cooperate with each other to provide ubiquitous service remains a longstanding challenge in ubiquitous environments. In addition, when multi-user request ubiquitous services simultaneously, the arbitrariness in resource allocation process easily leads to non-equilibrium of qualities of multiuser's services. Thus, How to design an effective heterogeneous devices cooperation mechanism that meet the QoS requirements and also equilibrate QoS among multi-user's services becomes a very tough problem. In the paper, Equilibrium Index and Theil Utility function are imported to establish a multidevice equilibrium cooperation model, which is benefit for resource allocation in ubiquitous environments. Then a Theil-Equilibrium based Cooperation Mechanism for multi-service is proposed. Firstly, in order to simplify calculating, a dimensionless processing is introduced. After that, a cooperation approach with Theil-Utility Heuristic algorithm is designed to choose the best solution for the simplified model. At last, the mechanism is simulated in a smart home scenario. The simulation results show that this mechanism outperforms non-equilibrium method by improving almost 40% in internal equilibrium with just reducing 0-2% in the total utility ofall the requested ubiquitous services. These data show that the proposed mechanism performs well in equilibrating qualities of multi-user's ubiquitous services.

Broadband ＆ Digital Content-Couple Subscriber Cooperative Relaying Networks for Uplink Transmission using Hierarchical Game Approach

Cooperation allows wireless network users to benefit from various gains such as an in- crease in the achieved rate or an improvement in the bit error rate. In the paper, we propose a distributed Hierarchical Game （HG） theoretic framework over multi-user cooperative communication networks to stimulate cooperation and improve the network performance. First, we study a two- user decision making game in the OFDMA based subscriber cooperative relaying network, in which subscribers transmit their own data in the first phase, while helping to retransmit their partner＇s or choosing to freeride in the second phase. Instead of consulting to a global optimal solution, we decouple the cooperation resource allocation into two level subproblems： a user level Nash game for distributed cooperation decision and a Base Station （BS） level coalition game for centralized resource allocation. In the proposed HG algorithm, where mutual cooperation is preferred and total payoff is transferable, we prove it converges to a unique optimal equilibrium and resolve the subcarrier as-signment and power allocation among the couples. Besides, we discuss the existence of the publishing and rewarding coefficients in order to encourage cooperation. Then, we extend the HG to multi-user cases by coupling among subscribers according to the location information. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme with the distributed HG game achieves a well tradeoff between fairness and efficiency by improving the transmission efficiency of adverse users and outperforms those employing centralized schemes.

No-cooperative games for multiple emergency locations in resource scheduling

When an emergency happens, the scheduling of relief resources to multiple emergency locations is a realistic and intricate problem, especially when the available resources are limited. A non-cooperative games model and an algorithm for scheduling of relief resources are presented. In the model, the players correspond to the multiple emergency locations, strategies correspond to all resources scheduling and the payoff of each emergency location corresponds to the reciprocal of its scheduling cost. Thus, the optimal results are determined by the Nash equilibrium point of this game. Then the iterative algorithm is introduced to seek the Nash equilibrium point. Simulation and analysis are given to demonstrate the feasibility and availability of the model.

Evolutionarily Cooperative Stable of Science & Technology Alliance Under Self-organized Organization

The cooperative evolutionary stability under self-organized organization is discussed in this paper. The differences between the objects studied by cooperative game theory and the ones studied by cooperative game in science ＆ technology alliance are analyzed. The mutant probability of agent＇s utility under endoge- nous technical factor condition is analyzed. By clarifying the connotation of Pareto-dominate institution in cooperative game, the efficient and feasible managerial definition of Pareto-dominate Institution in science ＆ technology alliance is presented. The evolutionarily cooperative game for the agent in Pareto-dominate institution is explained. And then the necessary condition of cooperative evolutionary stabilization based on multi-agent utility＇s dynamic equilibrium is put forward. Finally, the model of alliance＇s utility＇s dynamic equilibrium under self-organization is established.

Research on Robust Cooperative Dual Equilibrium with Ellipsoidal Asymmetric Strategy Uncertainty

In this paper,we investigate robust cooperative dual equilibria with two players in which each player minimizes the opponent’s cost and can not evaluate his own strategy while may estimate an asymmetric bounded set of the mixed strategy.Using dual theory and robust optimization technique,we obtain a result that the counterpart of the primitive uncertainty with ellipsoidal norm for each player can be formulated as a second-order cone programming(SOCP)and solving the corresponding equilibrium can be converted to solving a second-order cone complementarity problem(SOCCP).Then we present a numerical experiment to illustrate the behavior of robust cooperative dual equilibrium.

A game-theory approach against Byzantine attack in cooperative spectrum sensing

In order to solve the Byzantine attack problem in cooperative spectrum sensing,a non-cooperative game-theory approach is proposed to realize an effective Byzantine defense.First,under the framework of the proposed non-cooperative game theory,the pure Byzantine attack strategy and defense strategy in cooperative spectrum sensing are analyzed from the perspective of the Byzantine attacker and network administrator.The cost and benefit of the pure strategy on both sides are defined. Secondly,the mixed attack and defense strategy are also derived. The closed form Nash equilibrium is obtained by the Lemke-Howson algorithm. Furthermore,the impact of the benefit ratio and penalty rate on the dynamic process of the noncooperative game is analyzed. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed game-theory approach can effectively defend against the Byzantine attack and save the defensive cost.

Global asymptotic stability of positive equilibrium in a 3-species cooperating model with time delay

The asymptotic behavior of the time-dependent solution for a 3-species cooperating model was investigated with the effects of both diffusion and time delay taken into consideration. We proved the global asymptotic stability of a positive steady-state solution to the model problem by using coupled upper and lower solutions for a more general reaction-diffusion system that gives a common framework for 3-species cooperating model problems. The result of global asymptotic stability implies that the model system coexistence is permanent. Some global asymptotic stability results for 2-species cooperating reaction-diffusion systems are included in the discussion, and some known results are extended.

An efficient multi-relay selection scheme in cooperative communication system

Cooperative relaying has played an important role in rapid evolution of wireless communications.The cooperative performance strongly depends on the selected relays.In this paper,we concentrate on relay selection in amplify-and-forward(AF)cooperative communication system,and an optimal multi-relay selection scheme is put forward to minimize the average symbol error rate(SER)of the system.Firstly,for the minimum average SER,on the basis of the statistic channel information,we define a parameter named equivalent channel gain which describes the channel status of two phases in the cooperative process.Then,under the constraint of equal power allocation,an optimal relay selection scheme is proposed in ascending order of equivalent channel gain(ECG).The scheme implies that the suitable number of relay nodes should be selected under the different signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)ranges to minimize the average SER.Computer simulation results show that the average SER rate of the proposed scheme is lower than these of the other schemes.

Permanence and Globally Asymptotic Stability of Cooperative System Incorporating Harvesting

The stability of a kind of cooperative models incorporating harvesting is considered in this paper. By analyzing the characteristic roots of the models and constructing suitable Lyapunov functions, we prove that nonnegative equilibrium points of the models are globally asymptotically stable. Further, the corresponding nonautonomous cooperative models have a unique asymptotically periodic solution, which is uniformly asymptotically stable. An example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our results.

Multicriteria Partial Cooperative Games

In this paper, we study an approach to environmental topics, through multicriteria partial cooperative games. In general, not all players wish to cooperate to solve a common problem, so we consider a model where only some decision-makers cooperate. Starting from the transformation of a coalition game into a strategic one, we give a new concept of solution for partial cooperative models proving an existence theorem.

Analysis of Numerical Results in High Temperature Congealment and Chemistry Non-equilibrium Flow Field

Using the air plasma ignition technique, physicochemical process of burning can be accelerated; concentration limit ofretrofires both can be extended; reliability of retrofires and stability of burning can be improved. In this paper, using internalequivalent heat area in place of electric are that created Ohm heat, the flow fields of thermodynamic equilibrium chemistry con-gealment and chemistry non-equilibrium in the plasma generator were simulated. The influences of the inlet prerotation angleof air, the inlet total pressure of air and the airflow compression angle of spray nozzle on the temperature on the surface of elec-

Isobaric Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium for tert-Butyl Alcohol + Water + Propane-1,3-Diol + 1-Ethyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride at 101.3 kPa

In this study, we used a mixture of organic liquid propane-1,3-diol and ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([emim]Cl) as the entrainer to separate tert-butyl alcohol(TBA) + water. We measured the isobaric vapor–liquid equilibrium(VLE) for the quaternary system TBA + water + propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl at 101.3 kPa, and found the VLE data to be well correlated with the nonrandom two-liquid model. These results show that the mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol + [emim]Cl can increase the relative volatility of TBA to water and break the azeotropic point. We found no notable synergetic effect between them, and observed that the liquid mixed solvent of propane-1,3-diol and [emim]Cl had lower viscosity than [emim]Cl, which makes it a promising entrainer for separating the TBA + water azeotrope in industrial applications.

MODELING METHOD OF 4D INFORMATION MODEL FOR COOPERATIVE DESIGN OF MECHANICAL PRODUCTS

The continuous developing features in the design of mechanical product and based on 3D entity model is aimed at, and the extension of the 4-dimensional model with the process of designing, the knowledge described model on the level of semantic understanding and summarizing the designing process and the way of discovering knowledge from multi-information model are studied. On the basis of designing the broad sensed collaborative system, through discussion of the relationship between the implicit knowledge of the users and the designing knowledge as well as commanding all the designing links, taking advantage of the way of concluding and deducting in the concept of the designers, the synthetic knowledge unit formed in the dynamic process from the conception design t9 the last design is schemed out, and the knowledge discovered principle in the dynamic designing process of the mechanical products and the key technology in its implementation under the milieu of network is brought forward.

具时滞n维Lotka-Volterra共存系统的全局稳定性

本文利用文献[1]中连续迭代和比较方法，借用Hofbauer,JandSigmual,K的文献[2]，再结合自治系统吸引区域的论证方法，给出n维连续时滞Lotka-Volterra共存系统正平衡点的全局稳定性，将自治系统的结果推到了一般n维的时滞系统。

建筑类高校招生-培养-就业联动机制构建探索

建筑类高校招生-培养-就业三个环节是密不可分的,建立有效的联动机制是高校健康发展的重要措施.本文分析了招生-培养-就业三者之间互相依托、互相制约的关系,结合中国经济新常态下城镇建设发展的新动向,从加强就业监测科学专业预警、遵循优胜劣汰规则动态管理专业设置、尊重学生个性发展需求打破专业之间的高墙壁垒、实施宽进严出的人才培养模式、全方位多角度深化校企深度合作实现供需对接培养等多个角度探索加强三者联动的方式方法,为提高高校人才培养质量提供可行性创新思路.

没有转移支付的“竞争-合作”理想点均衡研究

本文指出了纳什均衡的多重性是非合作博弈理论的主要问题之一 ,现有解决纳什均衡多重性问题的各种概念和方法尚有不足之处 ,研究提出了一种可以保证得到唯一均衡结果的新方法 ,即没有转移支付的“竞争 -合作”理想点均衡 ,它相对现有概念和方法具有明显的优势。并举例验证了此计算方法。

地震波作用引起的井-含水层系统渗透率变化

当井-含水层系统处于封闭性良好的承压体系中时,可视为一个天然体应变仪,外力作用引起含水层介质体应变的微小变化,井水位都能灵敏的做出响应。远场地震引起的井水位产生的水震波是地震波作用于井-含水层系统最直接的体现形式之一。国内外学者在水震波响应机理研究方面取得了很多进展,Cooper等(1965)研究了水位对地震波的影响因素,认为影响水位对地震波响应的因素有井孔的尺寸、含水层的导水系数、贮水系数、孔隙度以及波的类型等,并得到了井水位对地震波作用的理论解析解。国内学者车用太等(1989)研究认为,井孔水震波记震能力的强弱与渗透性的强弱密切相关。

基于LTE-A异构网络功率控制技术的研究

通过分析LTE-A异构网络的发展前景以及面临的挑战,对其中的功率控制技术进行了深入的研究,使其在不同的网络中提高通信质量。在LTE-A异构网络功率控制技术的研究中,通过基站分布和功率控制算法,主要采用混合功率控制模型HPC(hybrid power control),并使用非合作博弈论的方法,在寻求博弈平衡策略的过程中博弈各方都能达到最优解。在非合作博弈论纳什均衡的基础上,提出了改进使用斯坦克尔伯格求得SE均衡,并提出分布式混合功率控制迭代算法,用功率和定价的迭代来求得最优解的平衡。最后通过仿真,模拟基站和用户的分布,用迭代数和效用函数、发送功率的关系,来反映所使用的斯坦克尔伯格非合作博弈论求得的均衡解相对于纳什均衡能更好的实现公平降低干扰。

基于非合作博弈的风-光-氢微电网容量优化配置

多分布式电源参与的混合微电网容量优化配置是微电网设计的一个重要环节,文中针对风电场、光伏电站和制氢-储氢-发电一体化微电网系统的容量配置问题进行研究。首先,系统设立了风电、光伏和制氢-储氢-发电系统3个投资方,并以各投资方收益最大化为优化目标,建立基于非合作博弈的风-光-氢微电网容量优化配置模型;然后,考虑各博弈参与者的投资成本、运维成本、购售电成本、弃风弃光惩罚费用和负荷中断惩罚费用等经济因素,利用粒子群算法对各博弈参与者的容量配置进行单独优化,确定各博弈参与者收益最大化的Nash均衡点;最后,采用新疆某地区典型月的风速和光照强度数据对微电网容量配置进行算例分析。结果表明该模型能够在月综合成本相对较低的前提下保证供电的可靠性,实现了微电网系统容量的合理配置。