Loss of LBP triggers lipid metabolic disorder through H3K27 acetylation-mediated C/EBPβ-SCD activation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with mutations in lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP),but the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain understudied.Herein,LBP^(-/-)rats with NAFLD were established and used to conduct integrative targetingactive enhancer histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation(H3K27ac)chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput and transcriptomic sequencing analysis to explore the potential epigenetic pathomechanisms of active enhancers of NAFLD exacerbation upon LBP deficiency.Notably,LBP^(-/-)reduced the inflammatory response but markedly aggravated high-fat diet(HFD)-induced NAFLD in rats,with pronounced alterations in the histone acetylome and regulatory transcriptome.In total,1128 differential enhancer-target genes significantly enriched in cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism were identified between wild-type(WT)and LBP^(-/-)NAFLD rats.Based on integrative analysis,CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteinβ(C/EBPβ)was identified as a pivotal transcription factor(TF)and contributor to dysregulated histone acetylome H3K27ac,and the lipid metabolism gene SCD was identified as a downstream effector exacerbating NAFLD.This study not only broadens our understanding of the essential role of LBP in the pathogenesis of NAFLD from an epigenetics perspective but also identifies key TF C/EBPβand functional gene SCD as potential regulators and therapeutic targets.

Enhanced activation of peroxymonosulfate by Fe/N co-doped ordered mesoporous carbon with dual active sites for efficient removal of m-cresol

The novel Fe-N co-doped ordered mesoporous carbon with high catalytic activity in m-cresol removal was prepared by urea-assisted impregnation and simple pyrolysis method.During the preparation of the Fe-NC catalyst,the complexation of N elements in urea could anchor Fe,and the formation of C3N4during urea pyrolysis could also prevent migration and aggregation of Fe species,which jointly improve the dispersion and stability of Fe.The FeN4sites and highly dispersed Fe nanoparticles synergistically trigger the dual-site peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation for highly efficient m-cresol degradation,while the ordered mesoporous structure of the catalyst could improve the mass transfer rate of the catalytic process,which together promote catalytic degradation of m-cresol by PMS activation.Reactive oxygen species (ROS) analytic experiments demonstrate that the system degrades m-cresol by free radical pathway mainly based on SO_(4)^(-)·and·OH,and partially based on·OH as the active components,and a possible PMS activation mechanism by 5Fe-50 for m-cresol degradation was proposed.This study can provide theoretical guidance for the preparation of efficient and stable catalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants by activated PMS.

Urinary exosomal microRNA-145-5p and microRNA-27a-3p act as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for diabetic kidney disease

BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD),characterized by increased urinary microalbumin levels and decreased renal function,is the primary cause of end-stage renal di-sease.Its pathological mechanisms are complicated and multifactorial;Therefore,sensitive and specific biomarkers are needed.Urinary exosome originate from diverse renal cells in nephron segments and partially mirror the pathological changes in the kidney.The microRNAs(miRNAs)in urinary exosome are remark-ably stable and highly tissue-specific for the kidney.METHODS Type 2 diabetic mellitus(T2DM)patients were recruited from the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University and were divided into two groups:DM,diabetic pa-tients without albuminuria[urinary albumin to creatinine ratio(UACR)<30 mg/g]and DKD,diabetic patients with albuminuria(UACR≥30 mg/g).Healthy subjects were the normal control(NC)group.Urinary exosomal miR-145-5p,miR-27a-3p,and miR-29c-3p,were detected using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The correlation between exosomal miRNAs and the clinical in-dexes was evaluated.The diagnostic values of exosomal miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p in DKD were determined using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)analysis.Biological functions of miR-145-5p were investigated by performing RESULTS Urinary exosomal expression of miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p was more upregulated in the DKD group than in the DM group(miR-145-5p:4.54±1.45 vs 1.95±0.93,P<0.001;miR-27a-3p:2.33±0.79 vs 1.71±0.76,P<0.05)and the NC group(miR-145-5p:4.54±1.45 vs 1.55±0.83,P<0.001;miR-27a-3p:2.33±0.79 vs 1.10±0.51,P<0.001).The exosomal miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p positively correlated with albuminuria and serum creatinine and negatively correlated with the estimated glomerular filtration rate.miR-27a-3p was also closely related to blood glucose,gly-cosylated hemoglobin A1c,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.ROC analysis revealed that miR-145-5p had a better area under the curve of 0.88[95%confidence interval(CI):0.784-0.985,P<0.0001]in diagnosing DKD than miR-27a-3p with 0.71(95%CI:0.547-0.871,P=0.0239).Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the target genes of miR-145-5p were located in the actin filament,cytoskeleton,and extracellular exosome and were involved in the pathological processes of DKD,including apoptosis,inflammation,and fibrosis.CONCLUSION Urinary exosomal miR-145-5p and miR-27a-3p may serve as novel noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers or promising therapeutic targets for DKD.

A novel variable-order fractional chaotic map and its dynamics

In recent years,fractional-order chaotic maps have been paid more attention in publications because of the memory effect.This paper presents a novel variable-order fractional sine map(VFSM)based on the discrete fractional calculus.Specially,the order is defined as an iterative function that incorporates the current state of the system.By analyzing phase diagrams,time sequences,bifurcations,Lyapunov exponents and fuzzy entropy complexity,the dynamics of the proposed map are investigated comparing with the constant-order fractional sine map.The results reveal that the variable order has a good effect on improving the chaotic performance,and it enlarges the range of available parameter values as well as reduces non-chaotic windows.Multiple coexisting attractors also enrich the dynamics of VFSM and prove its sensitivity to initial values.Moreover,the sequence generated by the proposed map passes the statistical test for pseudorandom number and shows strong robustness to parameter estimation,which proves the potential applications in the field of information security.

Scanning transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography analysis of non-stoichiometry long-period-stacking-ordered structures in Mg-Ni-Y/Sm alloys

The long-period-stacking-ordered(LPSO)structure affects the mechanical,corrosion and hydrolysis properties of Mg alloys.The current work employs high angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscopy(HAADF-STEM)and atom probe tomography(APT)to investigate the structural and local chemical information of LPSO phases formed in Mg-Ni-Y/Sm ternary alloys after extended isothermal annealing.Depending on the alloying elements and their concentrations,Mg-Ni-Y/Sm develops a two-phase LPSO+α-Mg structure in which the LPSO phase contains defects,hybrid LPSO structure,and Mg insertions.HAADF-STEM and APT indicate non-stoichiometric LPSO with incomplete Ni_(6)(Y/Sm)_(8) clusters.In addition,the APT quantitatively determines the local composition of LPSO and confirms the presence of Ni within the Mg bonding layers.These results provide insight into a better understanding of the structure and hydrolysis properties of LPSO-Mg alloys.

miR-27a-3p激活MAPK信号通路促进人增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞的增殖

背景:目前多项研究证实了丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路参与了细胞的增殖过程,且miRNA参与增生性瘢痕的发生发展,因此深入探讨了miR-27a-3p和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路在病理性瘢痕形成中的作用。目的:探究miR-27a-3p通过丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路对人增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞增殖的影响。方法:收集皮肤标本并分别分离出原代成纤维细胞,倒置显微镜观察原代细胞,免疫荧光予以验证;采用qRT-PCR检测miR-27a-3p在组织中的相对表达水平;利用数据库预测miR-27a-3p的靶基因,再将预测的靶基因进行基因本体功能富集分析及京都基因与基因组百科全书生物通路富集分析;设置分组为:空白对照组、阴性对照组、miR-27a-3p过表达组、miR-27a-3p抑制组、miR-27a-3p过表达+p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶抑制剂组、miR-27a-3p过表达+细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶抑制剂组、miR-27a-3p过表达+c-Jun氨基末端激酶抑制剂组,Western blot检测细胞外调节蛋白激酶、c-Jun氨基末端激酶和p38激酶总量及其磷酸化水平,采用CCK-8法和EdU检测细胞增殖情况。结果与结论:①与正常皮肤成纤维细胞相比,增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞的增殖活性更强(P<0.05),增殖速度也更快(P<0.001);②与正常皮肤相比,miR-27a-3p在增生性瘢痕中呈高表达(P<0.001);③与阴性对照组相比,过表达miR-27a-3p能促进细胞的增殖活性(P<0.001)和增殖水平(P<0.001);④与阴性对照组相比,敲低miR-27a-3p能抑制细胞的增殖活性(P<0.05)和增殖水平(P<0.001);⑤与阴性对照组相比,过表达miR-27a-3p促进细胞外调节蛋白激酶、c-Jun氨基末端激酶和p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的磷酸化水平(P<0.05);与阴性对照组相比,敲减miR-27a-3p能抑制细胞外调节蛋白激酶、c-Jun氨基末端激酶和p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的磷酸化水平(P<0.05);⑥与miR-27a-3p过表达组相比,细胞外调节蛋白激酶、c-Jun氨基末端激酶和p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶的特异性抑制剂可逆转miR-27a-3p对成纤维细胞的增殖活性(P<0.01)和增殖水平(P<0.001);⑦提示miR-27a-3p通过激活丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路促进人增生性瘢痕成纤维细胞的增殖。

Intelligent Decision-Making in Warehouse Management: How AI Automation Improves Inventory Tracking, Order Fulfillment, and Logistics Efficiency Compared to Drone Technology

This paper analyzes how artificial intelligence (AI) automation can improve warehouse management compared to emerging technologies like drone usage. Specifically, we evaluate AI’s impact on crucial warehouse functions—inventory tracking, order fulfillment, and logistics efficiency. Our findings indicate AI automation enables real-time inventory visibility, optimized picking routes, and dynamic delivery scheduling, which drones cannot match. AI better leverages data insights for intelligent decision-making across warehouse operations, supporting improved productivity and lower operating costs.

Ultrafine ordered L1_(2)-Pt-Co-Mn ternary intermetallic nanoparticles as high-performance oxygen-reduction electrocatalysts for practical fuel cells

The long-range periodically ordered atomic structures in intermetallic nanoparticles(INPs)can significantly enhance both the electrocatalytic activity and electrochemical stability toward the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)compared to the disordered atomic structures in ordinary solid-solution alloy NPs.Accordingly,through a facile and scalable synthetic method,a series of carbon-supported ultrafine Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)ternary INPs are prepared in this work,which possess the"skin-like"ultrathin Pt shells,the ordered L1_(2) atomic structure,and the high-even dispersion on supports(L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(x)Mn_(1-x)/~SPt INPs/C).Electrochemical results present that the composition-optimized L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C exhibits the highest electrocata lytic activity among the series,which are also much better than those of the pristine ultrafine Pt/C.Besides,it also has a greatly enhanced electrochemical stability.In addition,the effects of annealing temperature and time are further investigated.More importantly,such superior ORR electrocatalytic performance of L1_(2)-Pt_3Co_(0.7)Mn_(0.3)/~SPt INPs/C are also well demonstrated in practical fuel cells.Physicochemical characterization analyses further reveal the major origins of the greatly enhanced ORR electrocata lytic performance:the Pt-Co-Mn alloy-induced geometric and ligand effects as well as the extremely high L1_(2) atomic-ordering degree.This work not only successfully develops a highly active and stable ordered ternary intermetallic ORR electrocatalyst,but also elucidates the corresponding"structure-function"relationship,which can be further applied in designing other intermetallic(electro)catalysts.

A Note on an Order Level Inventory Model with Varying Two-Phased Demand and Time-Proportional Deterioration

The main purpose of this paper is to generalize the effect of two-phased demand and variable deterioration within the EOQ (Economic Order Quantity) framework. The rate of deterioration is a linear function of time. The two-phased demand function states the constant function for a certain period and the quadratic function of time for the rest part of the cycle time. No shortages as well as partial backlogging are allowed to occur. The mathematical expressions are derived for determining the optimal cycle time, order quantity and total cost function. An easy-to-use working procedure is provided to calculate the above quantities. A couple of numerical examples are cited to explain the theoretical results and sensitivity analysis of some selected examples is carried out.

Mesoporous Carbon Nanofibers Loaded with Ordered PtFe Alloy Nanoparticles for Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia

Highly dispersed bimetallic alloy nanoparticle electrocatalysts have been demonstrated to exhibit exceptional performance in driving the nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)to generate ammonia(NH_(3)).In this study,we prepared mesoporous carbon nanofibers(mCNFs)functionalized with ordered PtFe alloys(O-PtFe-mCNFs)by a composite micelle interface-induced co-assembly method using poly(ethylene oxide)-block-polystyrene(PEO-b-PS)as a template.When employed as electrocatalysts,O-PtFe-mCNFs exhibited superior electrocatalytic performance for the NO_(3RR)compared to the mCNFs functionalized with disordered PtFe alloys(D-PtFe-mCNFs).Notably,the NH_(3)production performance was particularly outstanding,with a maximum NH_(3)yield of up to 959.6μmol/(h·cm~2).Furthermore,the Faraday efficiency(FE)was even 88.0%at-0.4 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).This finding provides compelling evidence of the potential of ordered PtFe alloy catalysts for the electrocatalytic NO_(3)RR.

Small extracellular vesicles derived from cerebral endothelial cells with elevated microRNA 27a promote ischemic stroke recovery

Axonal remodeling is a critical aspect of ischemic brain repair processes and contributes to spontaneous functional recovery.Our previous in vitro study demonstrated that exosomes/small extracellular vesicles(sEVs)isolated from cerebral endothelial cells(CEC-sEVs)of ischemic brain promote axonal growth of embryonic cortical neurons and that microRNA 27a(miR-27a)is an elevated miRNA in ischemic CEC-sEVs.In the present study,we investigated whether normal CEC-sEVs engineered to enrich their levels of miR-27a(27a-sEVs)further enhance axonal growth and improve neurological outcomes after ischemic stroke when compared with treatment with non-engineered CEC-sEVs.27a-sEVs were isolated from the conditioned medium of healthy mouse CECs transfected with a lentiviral miR-27a expression vector.Small EVs isolated from CECs transfected with a scramble vector(Scra-sEVs)were used as a control.Adult male mice were subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion and then were randomly treated with 27a-sEVs or Scra-sEVs.An array of behavior assays was used to measure neurological function.Compared with treatment of ischemic stroke with Scra-sEVs,treatment with 27a-sEVs significantly augmented axons and spines in the peri-infarct zone and in the corticospinal tract of the spinal grey matter of the denervated side,and significantly improved neurological outcomes.In vitro studies demonstrated that CEC-sEVs carrying reduced miR-27a abolished 27a-sEV-augmented axonal growth.Ultrastructural analysis revealed that 27a-sEVs systemically administered preferentially localized to the pre-synaptic active zone,while quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western Blot analysis showed elevated miR-27a,and reduced axonal inhibitory proteins Semaphorin 6A and Ras Homolog Family Member A in the peri-infarct zone.Blockage of the Clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway substantially reduced neuronal internalization of 27a-sEVs.Our data provide evidence that 27a-sEVs have a therapeutic effect on stroke recovery by promoting axonal remodeling and improving neurological outcomes.Our findings also suggest that suppression of axonal inhibitory proteins such as Semaphorin 6A may contribute to the beneficial effect of 27a-sEVs on axonal remodeling.

人脐带间充质干细胞治疗多囊卵巢综合征模型小鼠卵巢组织中Rab27A的表达

背景:多囊卵巢综合征是导致育龄女性不孕的常见生殖内分泌疾病,目前尚无有效的治疗方法,人脐带间充质干细胞可能有助于修复卵巢功能,但其治疗多囊卵巢综合征方面的研究较少。目的:探讨人脐带间充质干细胞治疗多囊卵巢综合征的作用及机制。方法:3周龄雌性ICR小鼠随机分为3组(n=15):正常对照组不作处理,模型组连续21 d灌胃来曲唑诱导建立多囊卵巢综合征模型,治疗组连续21 d灌胃来曲唑+经尾静脉注射人脐带间充质干细胞悬液。治疗前和治疗后7,14 d称量小鼠体质量;治疗后连续10 d阴道涂片检测小鼠动情周期;治疗后14 d,ELISA检测小鼠外周血性激素水平,苏木精-伊红染色观察卵巢形态学改变,免疫荧光、免疫组化检测卵巢组织中Rab27A蛋白表达。结果与结论:①与正常对照组相比,模型组小鼠动情周期紊乱,体质量明显升高,卵泡刺激素水平降低,黄体生成素和睾酮水平均升高,卵巢可见较多囊状扩张的卵泡,Rab27A蛋白表达水平降低;②与模型组相比,治疗组小鼠体质量降低,卵泡刺激素水平升高,黄体生成素和睾酮水平均降低,多囊状扩张的卵泡减少,Rab27A蛋白表达水平升高;③结果表明,人脐带间充质干细胞可能通过上调Rab27A的表达改善多囊卵巢综合征小鼠血清性激素水平及卵巢功能。

Galerkin-Bernstein Approximations for the System of Third-Order Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems

This paper is devoted to find the numerical solutions of one dimensional general nonlinear system of third-order boundary value problems (BVPs) for the pair of functions using Galerkin weighted residual method. We derive mathematical formulations in matrix form, in detail, by exploiting Bernstein polynomials as basis functions. A reasonable accuracy is found when the proposed method is used on few examples. At the end of the study, a comparison is made between the approximate and exact solutions, and also with the solutions of the existing methods. Our results converge monotonically to the exact solutions. In addition, we show that the derived formulations may be applicable by reducing higher order complicated BVP into a lower order system of BVPs, and the performance of the numerical solutions is satisfactory. .

High-Order Soliton Solutions and Hybrid Behavior for the (2 + 1)-Dimensional Konopelchenko-Dubrovsky Equations

In this paper, the evolutionary behavior of N-solitons for a (2 + 1)-dimensional Konopelchenko-Dubrovsky equations is studied by using the Hirota bilinear method and the long wave limit method. Based on the N-soliton solution, we first study the evolution from N-soliton to T-order (T=1,2) breather wave solutions via the paired-complexification of parameters, and then we get the N-order rational solutions, M-order (M=1,2) lump solutions, and the hybrid behavior between a variety of different types of solitons combined with the parameter limit technique and the paired-complexification of parameters. Meanwhile, we also provide a large number of three-dimensional figures in order to better show the degeneration of the N-soliton and the interaction behavior between different N-solitons.

热休克蛋白27对臂丛神经根撕脱后脊髓运动神经元NOS的影响

目的：观察热休克蛋白27（Hsp27）对大鼠臂丛神经根撕脱后脊髓运动神经元一氧化氮合酶（NOS）表达的影响。方法：Wistar大鼠60只，随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组动物分别以45℃预处理热处理15min，再置于42％维持20min，置室温恢复24h后，手术显微镜下进行脊髓C5～C8节段神经根撕脱术；对照组仅施行臂丛神经根撕脱术，两组分别于术后12h、1d、3d、5d、7d处死动物。各组取C5～C8节段脊髓，行Hsp27免疫组化、NADPH—d组化染色，结合自动图象分析系统对结果进行半定量分析。结果：①实验组在12h即有NOS大量表达，之后迅速回落；对照组伤后第5天开始大量出现NOS阳性。②两组Hsp27表达高峰均在热休克后1d，且实验组强于对照组。结论：臂丛神经根撕脱伤后Hsp27可能通过抑制NOS神经元来发挥其细胞保护作用。

Introducing the nth-Order Features Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Nonlinear Systems (nth-FASAM-N): I. Mathematical Framework

This work presents the “nth-Order Feature Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Nonlinear Systems” (abbreviated as “nth-FASAM-N”), which will be shown to be the most efficient methodology for computing exact expressions of sensitivities, of any order, of model responses with respect to features of model parameters and, subsequently, with respect to the model’s uncertain parameters, boundaries, and internal interfaces. The unparalleled efficiency and accuracy of the nth-FASAM-N methodology stems from the maximal reduction of the number of adjoint computations (which are considered to be “large-scale” computations) for computing high-order sensitivities. When applying the nth-FASAM-N methodology to compute the second- and higher-order sensitivities, the number of large-scale computations is proportional to the number of “model features” as opposed to being proportional to the number of model parameters (which are considerably more than the number of features).When a model has no “feature” functions of parameters, but only comprises primary parameters, the nth-FASAM-N methodology becomes identical to the extant nth CASAM-N (“nth-Order Comprehensive Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Nonlinear Systems”) methodology. Both the nth-FASAM-N and the nth-CASAM-N methodologies are formulated in linearly increasing higher-dimensional Hilbert spaces as opposed to exponentially increasing parameter-dimensional spaces thus overcoming the curse of dimensionality in sensitivity analysis of nonlinear systems. Both the nth-FASAM-N and the nth-CASAM-N are incomparably more efficient and more accurate than any other methods (statistical, finite differences, etc.) for computing exact expressions of response sensitivities of any order with respect to the model’s features and/or primary uncertain parameters, boundaries, and internal interfaces.

慢阻肺患者血清IL-17,IL-27和IL-33水平表达及与不同临床分期FeNO和肺功能的相关性研究

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)患者血清IL-17,IL-27和IL-33表达水平与不同临床分期肺功能指标第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值的百分比(forced expiratory volume/predicted value,FEV1%pred)及呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)的相关性。方法收集100例COPD患者,分为稳定期COPD患者(n=50)和急性加重期COPD患者(n=50),同时收集健康者(n=40)为正常组。测定各组血清白介素-17(interleukin-17,IL-17),白介素-27(interleukin-27,IL-27)和白介素-33(interleukin-33,IL-33)的表达水平;应用FeNO检测仪测定FeNO水平;应用肺功能仪检查各组肺功能指标FEV1%pred;分析血清IL-17,IL-27和IL-33表达水平与FEV1%pred和FeNO的相关性。结果COPD组FeNO及血清IL-17,IL-27,IL-33的表达水平高于正常组,COPD急性加重期组的血清IL-17,IL-27,IL-33及FeNO的表达水平高于稳定期组,差异有统计学意义(F=15.275,18.429,24.716和31.143,均P<0.05)。COPD组FEV1%pred低于正常组,慢阻肺急性加重期组FEV1%pred低于COPD稳定期组,差异有统计学意义(F=724.642,P<0.05);COPD患者血清中IL-17,IL-27和IL-33表达水平与FEV1%pred呈负相关(r=-0.682,0.743和-0.718,均P<0.05),与FeNO呈正相关(r=0.685,0.714和0.695,均P<0.05);COPD急性加重期组与稳定期组患者血清IL-17与IL-27,IL-33水平呈正相关(r=0.636~0.846,均P<0.05);正常组血清IL-17与IL-27及IL-33无明显相关性(r=-0.237,-0.283,均P>0.05)。结论血清IL-17,IL-27和IL-33均参与了COPD的发病过程,可作为评价COPD的有效指标。

Synthesis of three-dimensional ordered mesoporous MnO_2 and its catalytic performance in formaldehyde oxidation

Three-dimensional（3D）ordered mesoporous MnO2 was prepared using KIT-6 mesoporous molecular sieves as a hard template.The material was used for catalytic oxidation of HCHO.The material has high surface areas and the mesoporous characteristics of the template,with cubic symmetry（ia3d）.It consists of a β-MnO2 crystalline phase corresponding to pyrolusite,with a rutile structure.Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the 3D-MnO2 catalyst has a large number of exposed Mn4＋ ions on the（110）crystal plane surfaces,with a lattice spacing of 0.311 nm; this enhances oxidation of HCHO.Complete conversion of HCHO to CO2 and H2O was achieved at 130 °C on 3D-MnO2; the same conversions on α-MnO2 and β-MnO2 nanorods were obtained at 140 and 180 °C,respectively,under the same conditions.The specific mesoporous structure,high specific surface area,and large number of surface Mn4＋ ions are responsible for the catalytic activity of 3D-MnO2 in HCHO oxidation.

Introducing the nth-Order Features Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Nonlinear Systems (nth-FASAM-N): II. Illustrative Example

This work highlights the unparalleled efficiency of the “nth-Order Function/ Feature Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Nonlinear Systems” (nth-FASAM-N) by considering the well-known Nordheim-Fuchs reactor dynamics/safety model. This model describes a short-time self-limiting power excursion in a nuclear reactor system having a negative temperature coefficient in which a large amount of reactivity is suddenly inserted, either intentionally or by accident. This nonlinear paradigm model is sufficiently complex to model realistically self-limiting power excursions for short times yet admits closed-form exact expressions for the time-dependent neutron flux, temperature distribution and energy released during the transient power burst. The nth-FASAM-N methodology is compared to the extant “nth-Order Comprehensive Adjoint Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for Nonlinear Systems” (nth-CASAM-N) showing that: (i) the 1st-FASAM-N and the 1st-CASAM-N methodologies are equally efficient for computing the first-order sensitivities;each methodology requires a single large-scale computation for solving the “First-Level Adjoint Sensitivity System” (1st-LASS);(ii) the 2nd-FASAM-N methodology is considerably more efficient than the 2nd-CASAM-N methodology for computing the second-order sensitivities since the number of feature-functions is much smaller than the number of primary parameters;specifically for the Nordheim-Fuchs model, the 2nd-FASAM-N methodology requires 2 large-scale computations to obtain all of the exact expressions of the 28 distinct second-order response sensitivities with respect to the model parameters while the 2nd-CASAM-N methodology requires 7 large-scale computations for obtaining these 28 second-order sensitivities;(iii) the 3rd-FASAM-N methodology is even more efficient than the 3rd-CASAM-N methodology: only 2 large-scale computations are needed to obtain the exact expressions of the 84 distinct third-order response sensitivities with respect to the Nordheim-Fuchs model’s parameters when applying the 3rd-FASAM-N methodology, while the application of the 3rd-CASAM-N methodology requires at least 22 large-scale computations for computing the same 84 distinct third-order sensitivities. Together, the nth-FASAM-N and the nth-CASAM-N methodologies are the most practical methodologies for computing response sensitivities of any order comprehensively and accurately, overcoming the curse of dimensionality in sensitivity analysis.

miR-27a-3p靶向SnoN抑制高糖诱导的人近端肾小管上皮细胞EMT的作用

目的研究miR-27a-3p对高糖诱导的人近端肾小管上皮细胞EMT的影响并探讨其机制。方法运用qRT-PCR检测HK2细胞中miR-27a-3p的表达;将HG+anti-miR-NC组(转染anti-miR-NC)、HG+anti-miR-27a-3p组(转染anti-miR-27a-3p)、HG+pcDNA组(转染pcDNA)、HG+pcDNA-SnoN组(转染pcDNA-SnoN),均用脂质体转染至HK2细胞,并用D-葡萄糖(30 mmol/L)处理48 h;Western blot检测各组细胞中E-cadherin、N-cadherin、SnoN、TGF-β1、p-Smad2的蛋白表达;双荧光素酶报告基因检测实验检测细胞的荧光活性。结果与低糖对照组相比,HG组细胞中miR-27a-3p显著升高,SnoN显著降低,E-cadherin、p-Smad2显著降低,N-cadherin、TGF-β1表达显著升高,(P<0.05);抑制miR-27a-3p、过表达SnoN均可上调E-cadherin,下调N-cadherin,抑制HK2细胞EMT;SnoN是miR-27a-3p的靶点。过表达SnoN可下调TGF-β1,上调p-Smad2,失活TGF-1信号通路。结论miR-27a-3p可抑制高糖诱导的人近端肾小管上皮细胞EMT,其机制可能与靶向SnoN失活TGF-β1信号通路有关,将可为糖尿病肾病的治疗提供依据。