Background: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) occurs in three historical foci in the Central African Republic. Objective: To describe the morbi-mortality of childhood HAT in rural Central African Republic with the a...Background: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) occurs in three historical foci in the Central African Republic. Objective: To describe the morbi-mortality of childhood HAT in rural Central African Republic with the aim of early management. Methods: Descriptive and analytic cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2017 to March 30, 2018 at Nola prefectural hospital. This study was included all children seen as outpatients and/or hospitalized in the pediatric wards, in whom the diagnosis of HAT was confirmed. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi-info software. Results: Forty children were included from Bilolo (60%), Nola (30%) and Salo (10%). The sex ratio was 0.66 with a median age of 8.65 ± 12.48 years. Fever (82.5%), nocturnal insomnia (75%), daytime somnolence (67.5%), headache (65%), polyarthralgia (62.5%), convulsions 52.5% (n = 21), tremor (27.5%), trypanidism (7.5%) and delirium (2.5%) were the main functional signs. Examination signs were adenopathy (52.5%), paresthesia (30%), decreased cutaneous-abdominal reflexes (25%) and osteoarticular reflexes (17.5%), hyperesthesia (20%), extrapyramidal hypertonia (15%) and depression (2.5%). The children were in the lymphatic-blood phase in 65% of cases, and meningoencephalitis in 35%. Pentamidine was administered in 65% of cases. Four children died and 6 had neurological sequelae. There was an association between age under 5, Bilolo’s focus, the children’s history and the severity of the disease. Age under 5, gender, household, children’s activity, history and occurrence of sequelae were also associated. Conclusion: HAT remains a permanent threat to Central African children. Any clinical presentation combining long-term infectious signs and unexplained neurological or neuropsychological disorders must be treated with caution.展开更多
5G(5th-generation)是第五代移动通信技术的简称,手机在利用该技术后无线下载速度可以达到每秒3.6G。这一新的通信技术名为Nomadic Local Area Wireless Access,简称NoLA。尽管被称为4G的第四代移动通信制式还没有正式商用,但被称为5G W...5G(5th-generation)是第五代移动通信技术的简称,手机在利用该技术后无线下载速度可以达到每秒3.6G。这一新的通信技术名为Nomadic Local Area Wireless Access,简称NoLA。尽管被称为4G的第四代移动通信制式还没有正式商用,但被称为5G Wi-Fi的第五代Wi-Fi却已兴起。本文主要介绍了5G Wi-Fi的特点、优势和应用。展开更多
黑斑瘤蛾 N ola melanota Ham pson的寄主植物和生活史在国内外都未见报道 ,1995年首次在贵阳发现时危害紫薇十分严重 .为了探索该虫的发生规律和防治方法 ,在贵阳和长沙对其生物学特性进行了观察 .对黑斑瘤蛾卵、幼虫及蛹茧进行了描述 ...黑斑瘤蛾 N ola melanota Ham pson的寄主植物和生活史在国内外都未见报道 ,1995年首次在贵阳发现时危害紫薇十分严重 .为了探索该虫的发生规律和防治方法 ,在贵阳和长沙对其生物学特性进行了观察 .对黑斑瘤蛾卵、幼虫及蛹茧进行了描述 ,报道了该虫的年生活史、发生特点、危害习性等生物学特性 。展开更多
文摘Background: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) occurs in three historical foci in the Central African Republic. Objective: To describe the morbi-mortality of childhood HAT in rural Central African Republic with the aim of early management. Methods: Descriptive and analytic cross-sectional study conducted from January 1, 2017 to March 30, 2018 at Nola prefectural hospital. This study was included all children seen as outpatients and/or hospitalized in the pediatric wards, in whom the diagnosis of HAT was confirmed. Statistical analysis was performed using Epi-info software. Results: Forty children were included from Bilolo (60%), Nola (30%) and Salo (10%). The sex ratio was 0.66 with a median age of 8.65 ± 12.48 years. Fever (82.5%), nocturnal insomnia (75%), daytime somnolence (67.5%), headache (65%), polyarthralgia (62.5%), convulsions 52.5% (n = 21), tremor (27.5%), trypanidism (7.5%) and delirium (2.5%) were the main functional signs. Examination signs were adenopathy (52.5%), paresthesia (30%), decreased cutaneous-abdominal reflexes (25%) and osteoarticular reflexes (17.5%), hyperesthesia (20%), extrapyramidal hypertonia (15%) and depression (2.5%). The children were in the lymphatic-blood phase in 65% of cases, and meningoencephalitis in 35%. Pentamidine was administered in 65% of cases. Four children died and 6 had neurological sequelae. There was an association between age under 5, Bilolo’s focus, the children’s history and the severity of the disease. Age under 5, gender, household, children’s activity, history and occurrence of sequelae were also associated. Conclusion: HAT remains a permanent threat to Central African children. Any clinical presentation combining long-term infectious signs and unexplained neurological or neuropsychological disorders must be treated with caution.
文摘5G(5th-generation)是第五代移动通信技术的简称,手机在利用该技术后无线下载速度可以达到每秒3.6G。这一新的通信技术名为Nomadic Local Area Wireless Access,简称NoLA。尽管被称为4G的第四代移动通信制式还没有正式商用,但被称为5G Wi-Fi的第五代Wi-Fi却已兴起。本文主要介绍了5G Wi-Fi的特点、优势和应用。
文摘黑斑瘤蛾 N ola melanota Ham pson的寄主植物和生活史在国内外都未见报道 ,1995年首次在贵阳发现时危害紫薇十分严重 .为了探索该虫的发生规律和防治方法 ,在贵阳和长沙对其生物学特性进行了观察 .对黑斑瘤蛾卵、幼虫及蛹茧进行了描述 ,报道了该虫的年生活史、发生特点、危害习性等生物学特性 。
