Background: While we are inching towards global eradication of polio, the paralysis due to non-polio viruses (NPEV) poses greater challenge. Factors responsible for causing Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) were studied i...Background: While we are inching towards global eradication of polio, the paralysis due to non-polio viruses (NPEV) poses greater challenge. Factors responsible for causing Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) were studied in 3596 AFP patients in 64 districts of Uttar-Pradesh, India, to observe indirect relationship of AFP with wild polio as well as NPEV. A recent study suggests the need to investigate polio virus negative but NPEV positive AFP cases. Methods: The lab results of the stool samples of these children were line listed and analysed to observe the association of various factors with respect to presence of paralysis on 60 follow-up days. Taking zero OPV dose AFP cases as a biological base, we studied the relationship of presence of paralysis at 60 follow-up days to that of presence of NPEV in stool samples while polio virus was present or absent. Results: 70 of the 86 AFP cases (81%) with zero OPV dose and having only NPEV isolated in stool samples were having paralysis at 60 follow-up days. There were 4.54% (162) AFP cases, which did not carry any polio virus but were having NPEV isolated in the stool samples and paralysis at 60 follow-up days. 79% (75/95) of zero OPV dose children, who were having residual weakness at 60 follow-up days, were carrying both polio virus as well as NPEV in their stool samples. Total AFP cases, having residual weakness at 60 follow-up days and having NPEV in stool samples, decreased with increase in OPV doses;a behavior similar to what wild polio viruses (WPV) have to OPV. Conclusions: Maybe polio like NPEV is active for causing severe paralysis in children and is responding to the OPV. As is evident in the studies by M. Margalith, B. Fattal et al. [1] that there is an antibody response to the enteroviruses, we can think of coming out with a vaccine against the enteroviruses. Therefore, enterovirus vaccine can be produced on similar lines to that of OPV, as now we have enough isolates of NPEV. Effective NPEV surveillance system also needs to be in place.展开更多
目的分析陕西省急性弛缓性麻痹(acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)病例及接触者病毒分离和鉴定情况,为继续维持无脊髓灰质炎状态提供理论依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法进行指标描述,将2014—2021年陕西省报告的AFP病例及接触者粪便标本...目的分析陕西省急性弛缓性麻痹(acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)病例及接触者病毒分离和鉴定情况,为继续维持无脊髓灰质炎状态提供理论依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法进行指标描述,将2014—2021年陕西省报告的AFP病例及接触者粪便标本,采用转人类脊髓灰质炎病毒受体小鼠肺细胞(mouse cell line expressing the gene for human cellular receptor for Poliovirus,L20B)系和人横纹肌肉瘤(rhabdomyosarcoma,RD)细胞,根据WHO《脊髓灰质炎实验室手册》开展脊髓灰质炎病毒(Poliovirus,PV)检测,对L20B阳性分离物采取逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法扩增VP1区片段,同时开展核苷酸序列测定分析。结果从1104份AFP病例及接触者粪便标本检出7份PV阳性,14株PV,分离率为0.63%,分离非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒(non-polio Enteroviruses,NPEV)36株,分离率为3.26%。相比昆明株和Sabin株,脊髓灰质炎病毒VP1区核苷酸<6个变异的为13株,1株发生9个变异;NPEV阳性分离例数7月和8月较多,占总数的30.56%。结论陕西省AFP监测系统运行良好,2014—2021年未发现野生型脊髓灰质炎病毒(wild Poliovirus,WPV)及疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒(vaccine-derived Poliovirus,VDPV),继续保持无脊髓灰质炎状态。展开更多
为了解2011～2012年河北省急性弛缓性麻痹（Acute flaccid paralysis，AFP）病例中非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒（Non-polio enterovirus，NPEV）的血清型分布，探讨这些病毒与AFP的关系，本研究按照世界卫生组织要求，对河北省AFP病例粪便标...为了解2011～2012年河北省急性弛缓性麻痹（Acute flaccid paralysis，AFP）病例中非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒（Non-polio enterovirus，NPEV）的血清型分布，探讨这些病毒与AFP的关系，本研究按照世界卫生组织要求，对河北省AFP病例粪便标本利用人横纹肌肉瘤（Human rhabdomyosarcoma，RD）细胞和转人脊髓灰质炎病毒受体的小鼠肺（Mouse cell line expressing the gene for the human cellular receptor for poliovirus，L20B）细胞进行病毒分离。筛检出NPEV毒株后，进行VP1区核苷酸序列测定，使用分子定型方法对NPEV进行血清型别鉴定。结果显示，在2011-2012年AFP病例中分离到的82株NPEV中共鉴定出A组人肠道病毒（HEV-A）42株（55．3％），包含4个血清型；B组人肠道病毒（HEV-B）34株（44．7％），包含13个血清型别，未鉴定出c组和D组人肠道病毒。另外还有2株腺病毒，4株未定型NPEV。HEV—A组中又以肠道病毒71型（EV-A71）为主要型别，在HEV-A中比例高达85．7％。2011-2012年河北省AFP病例中分离到的NPEV以HEV-A居多，尤其是EV-A71，为AFP病例中的优势毒株。展开更多
文摘Background: While we are inching towards global eradication of polio, the paralysis due to non-polio viruses (NPEV) poses greater challenge. Factors responsible for causing Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) were studied in 3596 AFP patients in 64 districts of Uttar-Pradesh, India, to observe indirect relationship of AFP with wild polio as well as NPEV. A recent study suggests the need to investigate polio virus negative but NPEV positive AFP cases. Methods: The lab results of the stool samples of these children were line listed and analysed to observe the association of various factors with respect to presence of paralysis on 60 follow-up days. Taking zero OPV dose AFP cases as a biological base, we studied the relationship of presence of paralysis at 60 follow-up days to that of presence of NPEV in stool samples while polio virus was present or absent. Results: 70 of the 86 AFP cases (81%) with zero OPV dose and having only NPEV isolated in stool samples were having paralysis at 60 follow-up days. There were 4.54% (162) AFP cases, which did not carry any polio virus but were having NPEV isolated in the stool samples and paralysis at 60 follow-up days. 79% (75/95) of zero OPV dose children, who were having residual weakness at 60 follow-up days, were carrying both polio virus as well as NPEV in their stool samples. Total AFP cases, having residual weakness at 60 follow-up days and having NPEV in stool samples, decreased with increase in OPV doses;a behavior similar to what wild polio viruses (WPV) have to OPV. Conclusions: Maybe polio like NPEV is active for causing severe paralysis in children and is responding to the OPV. As is evident in the studies by M. Margalith, B. Fattal et al. [1] that there is an antibody response to the enteroviruses, we can think of coming out with a vaccine against the enteroviruses. Therefore, enterovirus vaccine can be produced on similar lines to that of OPV, as now we have enough isolates of NPEV. Effective NPEV surveillance system also needs to be in place.
文摘目的分析陕西省急性弛缓性麻痹(acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)病例及接触者病毒分离和鉴定情况,为继续维持无脊髓灰质炎状态提供理论依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法进行指标描述,将2014—2021年陕西省报告的AFP病例及接触者粪便标本,采用转人类脊髓灰质炎病毒受体小鼠肺细胞(mouse cell line expressing the gene for human cellular receptor for Poliovirus,L20B)系和人横纹肌肉瘤(rhabdomyosarcoma,RD)细胞,根据WHO《脊髓灰质炎实验室手册》开展脊髓灰质炎病毒(Poliovirus,PV)检测,对L20B阳性分离物采取逆转录-聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法扩增VP1区片段,同时开展核苷酸序列测定分析。结果从1104份AFP病例及接触者粪便标本检出7份PV阳性,14株PV,分离率为0.63%,分离非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒(non-polio Enteroviruses,NPEV)36株,分离率为3.26%。相比昆明株和Sabin株,脊髓灰质炎病毒VP1区核苷酸<6个变异的为13株,1株发生9个变异;NPEV阳性分离例数7月和8月较多,占总数的30.56%。结论陕西省AFP监测系统运行良好,2014—2021年未发现野生型脊髓灰质炎病毒(wild Poliovirus,WPV)及疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒(vaccine-derived Poliovirus,VDPV),继续保持无脊髓灰质炎状态。
文摘为了解2011～2012年河北省急性弛缓性麻痹（Acute flaccid paralysis，AFP）病例中非脊髓灰质炎肠道病毒（Non-polio enterovirus，NPEV）的血清型分布，探讨这些病毒与AFP的关系，本研究按照世界卫生组织要求，对河北省AFP病例粪便标本利用人横纹肌肉瘤（Human rhabdomyosarcoma，RD）细胞和转人脊髓灰质炎病毒受体的小鼠肺（Mouse cell line expressing the gene for the human cellular receptor for poliovirus，L20B）细胞进行病毒分离。筛检出NPEV毒株后，进行VP1区核苷酸序列测定，使用分子定型方法对NPEV进行血清型别鉴定。结果显示，在2011-2012年AFP病例中分离到的82株NPEV中共鉴定出A组人肠道病毒（HEV-A）42株（55．3％），包含4个血清型；B组人肠道病毒（HEV-B）34株（44．7％），包含13个血清型别，未鉴定出c组和D组人肠道病毒。另外还有2株腺病毒，4株未定型NPEV。HEV—A组中又以肠道病毒71型（EV-A71）为主要型别，在HEV-A中比例高达85．7％。2011-2012年河北省AFP病例中分离到的NPEV以HEV-A居多，尤其是EV-A71，为AFP病例中的优势毒株。
