Comparison of central macular thickness between two spectral-domain optical coherence tomography in elderly non-mydriatic eyes

AIM: To compare central macular thickness (CMT) measurements obtained by two spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) exams, and to evaluate measurement reproducibility and agreement between these two exams, and to investigate the relationship between CMT and possible influencing factors such as age, sex, eye (OD/OS), and operators in elderly non-mydriatic eyes. METHODS: Seventy-two normal subjects were included. Every subject underwent CMT measurement twice using one of two SD-OCT (OSE-2000, Moptim, Shenzhen, China & 3-D OCT-1000, Topcon, Tokyo, Japan) instruments respectively where we randomly chose one eye in each patient for the test; these exams were performed by two operators over an hour period with a brief rest between sessions. Comparison of the OSE-2000 and 3-D OCT-1000 CMT measurements was based on paired- t test The mean difference between the CMT measurements was calculated. General linear model analyzed the relationships among eye (OD/OS), operator, sex, and CMT values using age as co-variant. All tests were considered statistically significant at P <0.05. The main outcome measures included CMT. RESULTS: When evaluated with general linear model analysis, CMT measurements were found to have high reproducibility across the two instruments between the two operators for the OSE-2000 single line scan and 3-D OCT-1000 macular scans (P=0.731; P=0.443). There was statistically significant difference in CMT values between the two instruments (P<0.001) and the mean difference was -46.83 mu m at 95% confidence limits (-49.15,-44.51). Age was positively correlated with CMT (beta coefficient =0.516, P=0.001; beta coefficient=0.453, P =0.009) and sex was correlated with CMT from the OSE-2000 (P=0.021) but not with the 3-D OCT-1000 (P=0.056). According to the actual thickness measurements, the CMT of the male was thicker than the female's but there was no statistical difference. There was interaction between sex and eye in OSE-2000 and not in 3-D OCT-1000 (P=0.02; P =0.374). No significant correlation was found between CMT and the influencing factor of eye in both of the instruments (P=0.884; P=0.492). CONCLUSION: Reproducibility of CMT measurement using the two SD-OCTs is excellent in normal eyes according to the operator factor analysis. OSE-2000 has a different posterior retinal boundary of CMT measurement, which results in the CMT value differences, compared with the 3-D OCT-1000. Age is positively correlated with CMT measurement while sex is correlated with CMT in the OSE-2000 but not in the 3-D OCT-1000 and eye (OD/OS) had no correlation with CMT values. Mydriatic drops may not be necessary for CMT measurement using high scan rate SD-OCT in normal eyes in dark room.

肥胖儿童non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol与亚临床动脉粥样硬化的关系

目的:了解non-HDL-C和remnant cholesterol与肥胖儿童亚临床动脉粥样硬化(AS)的关系。方法:根据甘油三酯(TG)水平将65例肥胖儿童(肥胖组)分为I组(TG≥2.3 mmol/L)32例,II组(TG<2.3 mmol/L)33例,与肥胖组儿童性别年龄相匹配的正常体质量儿童30例为III组(对照组)。比较3组儿童血脂指标,对肥胖组各项血脂指标与血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(AIP)进行相关性分析,肥胖患儿体质指数、血脂指标与颈动脉内径、内膜-中层厚度(c-IMT)、血流参数进行相关性分析。结果:I组、II组的TG、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol、AIP均较对照组升高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)较对照组降低,且I组的remnant cholesterol、AIP均较II组升高。肥胖组儿童AIP与TG、non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关。37例行颈动脉超声检查的肥胖儿童的c-IMT较正常儿童的增厚。结论:non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol在肥胖儿童亚临床AS中有重要作用,在肥胖儿童血脂异常的治疗中应关注non-HDL-C、remnant cholesterol的变化。

Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer： a meta-analysis

Objective： To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with gemcitabine plus cisplatin（GP） in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）. Methods： we performed a systematicsearch in the electronic databases such as Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Embase, Chinese Journal Full-text Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Full-text Database andWanfang Database up to 30 January 2017. Randomized controlled trials （RCT） of Shenqi Fuzheng Injectioncombined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC were searched, and all the RCTs wereconducted on methodological quality assessment. Data extraction and data analysis were according to standards ofCochrane systematic review. Results： Eight trials were included including a total of 701 patients. Meta-analysisresults： Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy could significantly improve the functionalstatus of patients with NSCLC （OR = 3.44, 95% CI [2.26, 5.25], P 〈 0.0001） and clinical treatment efficacy （OR =（OR = 0.31, 95%CI [0.20, 0.47], P 〈 0.0001. The rate of leukopenia （OR = .31, 95%CI [0.20,0.47], P 〈 0.0001）,thrombocytopenia （OR = 0.58, 95%CI [0.37, 0.91], P = 0.020）, hemoglobin decline （（OR = 0.31, 95%CI [0.16,0.59], P = 0.0004） and incidence of gastrointestinal reactions （OR = 0.58,P 〈 0.05） could be reduced. Conclusion：Shenqi Fuzheng injection combined with GP chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced NSCLC obtainedsignificantly clinical efficacy. The quality of the literature incorporated is low, the conclusion requires high-qualityresearch to further prove.

Analysis of Numerical Results in High Temperature Congealment and Chemistry Non-equilibrium Flow Field

Using the air plasma ignition technique, physicochemical process of burning can be accelerated; concentration limit ofretrofires both can be extended; reliability of retrofires and stability of burning can be improved. In this paper, using internalequivalent heat area in place of electric are that created Ohm heat, the flow fields of thermodynamic equilibrium chemistry con-gealment and chemistry non-equilibrium in the plasma generator were simulated. The influences of the inlet prerotation angleof air, the inlet total pressure of air and the airflow compression angle of spray nozzle on the temperature on the surface of elec-

Turbulent Flow Action of Pulp in Wet - Laid Non - Woven Processes

The paper deals with the fluid field of web forming in wet-laid non-woven production.The influence of the turbulent flow on blending fiber and occluded fluid produced in pulp flow has been discussed in theory and practice.The suitable use of the imported velocity of pulp is very important in producing wet-laid products of good quality.

CYFRA 21-1 as an early predictor of first line chemotherapy response in advanced non small cell lung cancer

Objective： In an era of ever evolving, promising new therapies for advanced non small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）, early predictors of response to therapy, are needed. We evaluated early variations in CYFRA 21-1 serum levels of patients with advanced NSCLC receiving first line chemotherapy and correlated the results with objective tumor response. Methods： 29 consecutive, previously untreated, patients of advanced non small cell lung cancer, with measurable disease on CT scan were evaluated. All patients were treated with conventional systemic chemotherapy, although the choice of chemotherapy was left to the discretion of the treating physicians. Serum samples were obtained immediately before the start of 1st and 2nd cycles of chemotherapy. CYFRA 21-1 was measured with an electrochemiluminescense immunoassay on an automatic analyzer （Elecsys 2000; Roche Diagnostics）. Response was evaluated using Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors （RECIST） criteria. Results： 10 patients had partial response, 9 patients had stable disease and 9 had progressive disease. None of the patients had complete response. 21/29 （72%） patients had an elevated baseline value of CYFRA 21-1.62% patients （18/29） had a decrease in CYFRA 21-1 after 1 cycle of chemotherapy. The average reduction in the 2nd reading was irrespective of whether baseline value was normal or not. The average reduction was statistically significant （P = 0.002; 95% CI, from 0.8369 to 3.49464; t test）. 8 out of 10 （80%） patients with partial response had a reduction in their 2nd reading of. CYFRA （P = 0.019; 95% CI, from 0.81965 to 7.20035; t test） which was significant. We also observed that 6/9 （66%） patients whose disease remains stable also had a decrease in their subsequent reading （P = 0.0106; 95% CI, from -0.44942 to 3.82720; t test）, though it was not significant statistically. Although 5 out of 9 （55%） patients, who had an increase in their CYFRA 21-1 level, had progressive disease, but it was not statistically significant （P = 0.537; 95% CI, from -1.20021 to 2.13354; ttest）. 14 out of 19 （73%） who either had partial response or had stable disease, had a reduction in their 2nd value of CYFRA 21-1 and was significant statistically （P = 0.004; 95% CI, from 0.74792 to 3.50208; t test）. We also observed that except for 1 patient, all patients who had a decrease of 42% or more in their subsequent CYFRA 21-1 level, were those who had either responded to chemotherapy or had stable disease （P = 0.001）, which was statistically significant. Conclusion： We can conclude that monitoring of serum marker CYFRA 21-1, early dudng first-line chemotherapy may be a useful prognostic tool for evaluation of early tumor response in patients with advanced NSCLC.

MiR-16-5p plays an inhibitory role in human non-small cell lung cancer through Fermitin family member 2

Increasing evidence indicates that aberrant expressions of some microRNAs are associated with cancer progression.However,the roles and biological mechanisms of miRNA-16-5p in human non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)are not to be well studied.Here,we validated that the expression of miR-16-5p was decreased significantly in NSCLC samples and cell lines.The correlation between the clinicopathological features of NSCLC and the miR-16-5p expression showed that the expression of miR-16-5p in non-small cell lung cancer was linked with the advanced TNM stage,positive lymph node metastasis,with short overall survival(OS).Also,a negative correlation between miR-16-5p and Fermitin family member 2(FERMT2)was observed,implying there may be a potential link about their regulation.The hypothesis was further confirmed by in-silico analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay.Moreover,we demonstrated that the transfections of miR-16-5p mimics could alter some biological characteristics of NSCLC cells remarkably accomplished by the expression variance of FERMT2 in vitro and in vivo assays.Summarily,this study demonstrated that miR-16-5p,as a tumor suppression factor in NSCLC by targeting FERMT2,could serve as one promising biomarker in the prediction for NSCLC patients.

手持式免散瞳眼底照相在妊娠高血压患者眼底检查中的价值

目的:探讨手持式免散瞳眼底照相在妊娠高血压患者眼底检查中的价值。方法:以111例妊娠高血压患者为研究对象,对其进行桌面式免散瞳眼底照相、手持式免散瞳眼底照相及直接检眼镜眼底检查,以桌面式免散瞳眼底检查结果为金标准,对比其余2种眼底检查方法识别妊娠高血压视网膜病变的敏感度、特异度和准确率,并进行Kappa检验。结果:手持式免散瞳眼底照相、直接检眼镜眼底检查对视网膜病变的检出率分别为80.18%、76.58%,与桌面式免散瞳眼底照相检出率(82.88%)比较差异无统计学意义。手持式免散瞳眼底照相的敏感度为94.57%,特异度为89.47%,准确率为93.69%,Kapp值为0.79;直接检眼镜眼底检查的敏感度为88.04%,特异度为78.95%,准确率为86.48%,Kapp值为0.58。结论:手持式免散瞳眼底照相能够客观真实反映眼底病变,可作为妊娠高血压患者眼底检查方法,尤其在需要连续监测的床边眼底检查中值得推广。

FAREY SEQUENCE OF NONLINEAR DIFFERENTIAL DYNAMIC SYSTEM IN TWO DIMENSIONS

In this paper , through the discrim ination of Farey sequence in the forced Brusselator withweak coupling , it is proved that there is a topological translation fro m a nonlinear differen tial system ( limit cycle) to the circle m ap .

Ways to Overcome Anxiety in the English Listening Class in College (SUN JING-YU KE SU-FEN)

In my ten-yeat experience of tenching English as major in college , I feel that students experience more difficulties in listening lessons than in other lessons. What, then, prevents students from achieving success in the listening class? I suggest that anxiety is one of the major factors, which interferes with students listening comprehension. And I would agree with writers such as Gardner and Horwitz et al. (1991)that anxiety may impede learner’s ability to perform successfully in all aspects of learning a foreign language. I feet it is particularly significant for listening.

免散瞳眼底照相技术在糖尿病视网膜病变筛查中的应用

目的 分析免散瞳眼底照相技术在糖尿病视网膜病变筛查中的应用价值。方法 选取2022年1月-2023年3月黄山昌仁医院收治的300例糖尿病疑似发生视网膜病变患者,全部患者均接受免散瞳眼底照相技术检查,并将临床综合诊断当成金标准,对免散瞳眼底照相技术检查的符合率进行观察,分析免散瞳眼底照相技术检查的实际检出情况。结果 免散瞳眼底照相技术共检出96例糖尿病视网膜病变,检出率为32.00%;将临床综合诊断当成金标准,阳性106例、阴性194例;免散瞳眼底照相技术检查的符合率为82.67%(248/300),诊断灵敏度为70.75%(75/106),诊断特异度为89.18%(173/194)。免散瞳眼底照相技术检查共检出96例糖尿病视网膜病变患者,其中Ⅰ期共36例,Ⅱ期共24例,Ⅲ期共20例,Ⅳ期共10例,Ⅴ期共4例,Ⅵ期共2例;Ⅰ期的诊断符合率为87.80%(36/41),Ⅱ期的诊断符合率为92.31%(24/26),Ⅲ期的诊断符合率为90.91%(20/22),Ⅳ期的诊断符合率为90.91%(10/11),Ⅴ期的诊断符合率为100.00%(4/4),Ⅵ期的诊断符合率为100.00%(2/2)。结论 在对糖尿病视网膜病变进行筛查时,免散瞳眼底照相技术检查的准确率较高,而且操作简单方便、价格便宜,值得推广。

糖尿病患者眼底筛查结果分析

目的对糖尿病患者眼底筛查结果进行分析,认识眼底筛查在糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)防控中的重要性。方法以2018年1月至2021年12月郑州市第二人民医院接诊的糖尿病患者为研究对象,进行免散瞳眼底照相,记录筛查结果,并对结果筛选后进行分析。结果有无高血压、不同性别DR患病率无明显差异(χ^(2)值分别为3.522、1.113,P>0.05)。病程5年以下、5~10年、11~15年、15年以上糖尿病患者DR患病率分为28.0%、41.0%、52.8%、59.8%,且差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=122.875,P<0.001),糖尿病病程和DR的严重程度呈正相关(r=0.255,P<0.001),即随着糖尿病病程延长,DR患病率越高且病变越严重。结论糖尿病患者确诊初期应尽快进行眼底筛查,现阶段免散瞳眼底照相有必要成为糖尿病患者眼底筛查的基本检查。

免散瞳眼底拍照对糖尿病视网膜病变筛查效果的评价

目的评价免散瞳眼底拍照诊断糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的效果。方法104例高血糖患者均行免散瞳眼底拍照(NMFCS)和散瞳后7个标准视野眼底彩照(SSSCFP)检查。结果发现任何程度的DR,NMFCS与SSSCFP间有高度一致性(к=0.75±0.03);发现需推荐眼科诊治的DR患者,二者间也有极好的一致性(к=0.85±0.05)。结论NMFCS适用于高血糖人群的DR筛查,对DR的分诊和治疗有指导意义。

免散瞳眼底照相机的精密调焦

为实现免散瞳眼底相机在被观测眼底图像较暗情况下的精确调焦,提出了双光楔裂像调焦方法。采用该调焦方法,将一条矩形狭缝视标投影成像到视网膜上,在双光楔的作用下,通过矩形狭缝上下两半部的光线传播方向不同,根据上下两半条矩形狭缝在视网膜上所成像分离的方向和大小决定调焦的方向和调焦量的大小,将视网膜上两半条矩形狭缝像调焦到位于一条直线上。实验结果表明:相对于直接观测眼底细节进行调焦来说,双光楔裂像调焦方法能使调焦精度提高50度(0.5 m-1)以上。这种调焦方法具有精确度高、操作简单等优点。

免散瞳眼底照相在糖尿病视网膜病变筛查中的应用分析

目的:观察并分析免散瞳眼底照相在糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)筛查中的作用,为临床筛查提供依据。方法:选取我院2016-12/2017-11确诊为糖尿病(DM)患者120例240眼为观察对象,由同一操作者逐一进行免散瞳眼底照相、散瞳后7方位眼底照相及眼底荧光血管造影检查(FFA)。以糖尿病视网膜病变国际临床分级为标准,采取盲法由同一医师分别对以上三项检查进行阅片、分级并记录。最后以眼底荧光血管造影检查为金标准,分别对前两种方法与眼底荧光造影的结果进行对比性研究,计算每种方法对不同程度的DR的敏感度、特异度、Youden指数、Kappa值,筛选出简单易行、有效的糖尿病视网膜病变的筛查方法。结果:通过眼底血管造影筛查出糖尿病视网膜病变168眼(70. 0%),散瞳后眼底照相筛查出糖尿病视网膜病变160眼(66. 7%),免散瞳眼底照相筛查出糖尿病视网膜病变156眼(65. 0%)。不同方法筛查出的糖尿病视网膜病变分级结果基本一致,差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。对不同程度糖尿病视网膜病变进行筛查时,免散瞳眼底照相组的敏感度和特异度分别为92. 9%、90. 3%,与散瞳后眼底照相组的结果无明显差异。与金标准组(FFA)比较,其Youden指数(83. 14%)接近于1,结果可靠度高,Kappa=0. 81,检验具有一致性。对中度非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变进行筛查时,免散瞳眼底照相组的敏感度和特异度的分别是90. 6%、95. 5%,与散瞳后眼底照相结果无明显差异。与金标准组比较,免散瞳眼底照相的Youden指数为86. 09%,结果可靠度高,Kappa=0. 86,检验具有一致性。结论:免散瞳眼底照相作为一种筛查糖尿病视网膜病变的简单、准确率高的可行性方法。此项检查简单易行,无风险,可培训专科技师进行多点操作,借助如今方便的网络传输图像至有经验的眼科医师阅片、诊断,方便快捷,让患者就近诊治,避免了来回奔波的辛劳,对社会具有积极的意义。

单视野免散瞳数码眼底照相筛查糖尿病视网膜病变的敏感性和特异性

目的:单视野免散瞳眼底照相和散瞳直接眼底镜检查与荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)相比较,评价其筛查糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)的敏感性和特异性。方法:1型或2型糖尿病患者93例186眼,先后进行单视野免散瞳数码眼底照相、散瞳直接眼底镜检查和FFA,以FFA诊断结果作为比较标准,评价单视野免散瞳数码眼底照相和散瞳直接眼底镜筛查DR的敏感性和特异性。结果:单视野免散瞳数码眼底照相检出DR的敏感性和特异性分别为80.4%和94.7%,而散瞳直接眼底镜检出DR的敏感性和特异性分别为64.2%和84.2%。当把筛查阈值下调至中度非增殖性DR(M-NPDR)后,单视野免散瞳数码眼底照相检出DR的敏感性和特异性分别提高为88.9%和98.4%,散瞳直接眼底镜检出DR的敏感性和特异性也均有提高,分别为71.5%和96.7%。结论:单视野免散瞳数码眼底照相是筛查DR的有效工具。

应用免散瞳眼底照相技术筛查糖尿病视网膜病变临床分析

目的:应用免散瞳眼底照相技术对糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)患者糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)的患病情况进行筛查,并探讨DR的相关危险因素。方法:纳入2010-11/2011-12期间在我院内分泌科门诊就诊的768例2型DM患者。对所有患者采用免散瞳眼底照相机进行双侧眼底照相,并根据2002年DR国际临床分期标准将患者分为两组:DR组和非糖尿病视网膜病变组(non-diabetic retinopathy group,NDR)。采集病史,测量身高、体质量和血压,测定空腹静脉血浆葡萄糖(fasting plasma glucose,FPG)、血脂、糖化血红蛋白(glycated hemoglobin A1c,HbA1c)和尿酸(uric acid,UA)。结果:选取768例DM患者中DR患者317例,检出率为41.3%,女性DM患者DR的检出率明显高于男性患者(45.2%vs 37.6%,P<0.05)。与NDR组相比,DR组年龄较大,病程较长,收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、FPG、甘油三酯(TG)、HbA1c、UA水平较高(P<0.05)。二项Logistic回归分析进一步显示,病程、性别、SBP和HbA1c为DM患者发生DR的独立危险因素。结论:DM患者常常并发DR,其发生与病程、性别、血压和血糖关系密切。免散瞳眼底照相技术是一种较理想的DR筛查方法。

氨基酸与钠离子非共价键相互作用的电喷雾质谱研究

实验研究中常常观察到钠离子与一些多肽或蛋白质有较强的非共价键结合能力,这种非共价键相互作用可能与生物的一些功能和活性有关.为了进一步了解这一结合作用,我们应用电喷雾质谱研究了常见的20种氨基酸与钠离子在溶液中的非共价键相互作用.实验研究中发现脯氨酸和苯丙胺酸与钠离子有较强的非共价键结合能力.……

多光谱视网膜成像在糖尿病视网膜病变筛查中的价值

研究多光谱视网膜成像在糖尿病视网膜病变筛查中的价值。回顾性研究95例2型糖尿病患者的免散瞳眼底照相和多光谱视网膜成像照片资料,以免散瞳眼底照相为标准,计算其一致性、灵敏度、特异度,并进行Kappa检验,评价其筛查价值。同时对照部分病例的眼底造影检查,评价这两种检查方法对糖尿病视网膜病变特征的显示特性。DR 0~1期为阈值,两种检查一致率为98%,Kappa值为0.95,P=0.5,灵敏度为0.96,特异度为1.00。DR 2~3期为阈值,两种检查一致率为100%。在糖尿病视网膜病变视网膜特征显示方面,多光谱略优于眼底照相,但不能替代眼底荧光造影。多光谱视网膜成像相对于眼底彩照技术,在DR筛查中具有一定的优势,但是对于DR的眼科介入干预指导方面两者无明显差别。相对眼底荧光造影,多光谱视网膜成像虽然较清晰地显示视网膜血管,但是依然无法全面反应眼底荧光造影所显示的微循环异常,仅仅略优于眼底照相技术。

免散瞳眼底照相技术在学龄前儿童眼底病筛查中的应用

目的:观察免散瞳眼底照相机在检查中所见的学龄前儿童眼底病变的发病情况,并与直接检影镜检查结果进行对比分析。方法:收集2012-04/2013-10来我院眼科门诊就诊的学龄前儿童3896例7760眼,采用日本Topcon TRC-NW300彩色荧光眼底照相机拍照,图像及时保存,并进行直接检影镜检查。结果:免散瞳眼底照相技术的检出率较直接检影镜高。3 896例7 760眼患儿中,检出41眼(1.05%)眼底异常者。其中视网膜有髓鞘神经纤维(24.39%)、牵牛花综合征(21.95%)、视网膜色素变性(14.63%)、先天性视网膜劈裂(12.20%);而儿童眼病非单一发生,常伴有视力异常(68.30%)、屈光异常(63.41%)、斜视(19.51%)。结论:免散瞳眼底照相技术具有不用药物散瞳,学龄前儿童易于接受,图像结果即刻显示,能够直观、清晰显示眼底各种病变,对学龄前儿童眼病筛查有重要意义。