Comparison of Isobaric and Non-isobaric Operations on a Two-Phase Dynamic Model for PEFC Cathode Gas Diffusion Layer

Key words,： Two 1-D dynamical and isothermal models of cathode gas diffusion layer（GDL） with isobaric and non-isobaric operations for polymer electrolyte fuel cells（PEFCs） were developed and implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics v3.5.The artificial diffusion coefficient was introduced as well to make the numerical computation be stable.In the non-isobaric model,the pressure of gas mixture was obtained by summing up the governing equations of gaseous components,instead of Navier-Stoks equation.Comparison of the two models were carried out with the steady-states and dynamical simulations under given conditions.The corresponding analysis based on the simulated results was also given simultaneously.This paper is contributed to finding the differences between the isobaric and non-isobaric operation in the two-phase model of cathode GDL.

The Popularization and Application of Cold Storage Red Blood Cells or Whole Blood at -80 ℃ of the Rh(D) Negative Patients in Surgical Operation

Summary: The efficiency of cold storage red blood cells (CSRBC) or whole blood at -80 ℃ used in 27 Rh(D) negative patients during surgical operation was reported. The Rh(D) negative patients received the transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood stored at -80 ℃ for 180 to 360 days. The changes in the indexes, such as blood TB, DB, K +, Na +, BUN, Cr, urine protein (URPO), UOB, Hb, HCT, serum total protein, relative to hemolytic reaction and blood volume before and after transfusion were observed. The results showed that after transfusion of CSRBC or whole blood 27 cases were negative for urine protein and UOB, and the levels of BUN and Cr were normal (P>0.05). Blood TB, DB, Hb, and HCT were increased, while pH, blood K + and blood Na + was normal with the difference being not significant before and after operation (P>0.05). Plasma protein was decreased, but there was no significant difference before and after operation (P>0.05). It was suggested that CSRBC or whole blood at -80 ℃ could be safely infused to the Rh(D) negative patients without side effects during the surgical operation.

Operative vs non-operative management of displaced proximal humeral fractures in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

AIM: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing operative vs non-operative treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients.METHODS: A systematic literature search was performed using EMBASE and MEDLINE through the OVID interface,CINAHL,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL),Proquest,Web of Science,SAE digital library,and Transportation Research Board's TRID database.Searches of conference proceedings were also conducted.All available randomized controlled trials comparing operative vs non-operative management of displaced three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients were included.The primary outcomes measures included physical function,pain,health related quality of life,mortality,and the re-operation rate.RESULTS: Six randomized controlled trials(n = 287) were included.There was no statistically significant difference in function(MD = 1.72,95%CI:-2.90-6.34,P = 0.47),as measured by the Constant score,between the operative and the non-operative treatment groups.There was no statistically significance difference insecondary outcomes of health related quality of life(standardized MD = 0.27,95%CI:-0.05-0.59,P = 0.09),and mortality(relative risk 1.29,95%CI: 0.50-3.35,P = 0.60).Operative treatment had a statistically significant higher re-operation rate(relative risk 4.09,95%CI: 1.50-11.15,P = 0.006),and statistically significant decreased pain(MD = 1.26,95%CI: 0.02-2.49,P = 0.05).CONCLUSION: There is moderate quality evidence to suggest that there is no difference in functional outcomes between the two treatments.Further high quality randomized controlled trials are required to determine if certain subgroup populations benefit from surgical management.

Risk factors of gastroparesis syndrome after abdominal nongastroduodenal operation and its prevention

Objective:To investigate risk factors of gastroparesis syndrome(PGS) after abdominal nongastroduodenal operation and its prevention.Methods:Clinical data of 22 patients with PGS after abdominal non-gastroduodenal operation was analyzed retrospectively,and compared with the patients of non-PGS after abdominal non-gastroduodenal operation during the same time.The possible influencing factors of PCS were analyzed by single factor analysis and logistic regression analysis.Results:All t3 selected factors related with PGS,including age,disease category (benign and malignant),operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative analgesic pump, postoperative enteral nutrition time,postoperative parenteral nutrition time,perioperative blood glucose level,perioperative nutrition status(anaemia or lower proleinemia),pylorus obstruction before surgery,intra-abdominal infection after surgery,and spiritual factor were related with PGS.The statistical analysis showed that the difference was statistical significant(P【0.05),and gender had no correlation with PCS(P】0.05);non-conditional multivariate analysis showed that malignant tumor,perioperative nutrition status,pylorus obstruction,operation time,blood loss, intra-abdominal infection after surgery,and mental factor were significant related with PGS as dependent variable and related risk factors in single factor analysis as independent variables (P 【0.05).Conclusions:PGS is a result of multiple factors,and among these factors,malignant tumor,poor nutrition status,pylorus obstruction before surgery,longer operation—time,more blood loss,intra-abdominal infection after surgery,and mental factor are major risk factors of PGS.

Design of robust non-fragile H-infinity controllerbased on Delta operator theory

Considering that the controller parameters are of additive norm-bounded uncertainties when realized, a design method of robust non-fragile H-infinity controller for uncertain systems based on Delta operator theory is illustrated in this paper. A sufficient and necessary condition of the existence for the controller is given, which is presented in LMI forms. Finally, the designed method is used in the speed control system of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor （PMLSM）. With the designed controller, the resulting speed closed-loop system is still stable and has the expected Hinfinity performance even if the sample period is reduced and the parameters of the controller and the controlled object are varied. The results show that the designed method is effective.

A CHARACTERIZATION OF SCHECHTER'S ESSENTIAL SPECTRUM BY MEAN OF MEASURE OF NON-STRICT-SINGULARITY AND APPLICATION TO MATRIX OPERATOR

In this paper we use the notion of measure of non-strict-singularity to give some results on Fredholm operators and we establish a fine description of the Schechter essential spectrum of a closed densely defined linear operator.

Non-operative management of isolated liver trauma

Liver trauma is the most common abdominal emergency with high morbidity and mortality. Now, nonoperative management（NOM） is a selective method for liver trauma. The aim of this study was to determine the success rate, mortality and morbidity of NOM for isolated liver trauma.Medical records of 81 patients with isolated liver trauma in our unit were analyzed retrospectively. The success rate, mortality and morbidity of NOM were evaluated. In this series, 9 patients with grade IV-V liver injuries underwent emergent operation due to hemodynamic instability; 72 patients, 6 with grade V, 18 grade IV, 29 grade III, 15 grade II and 4 grade I, with hemodynamic stability received NOM. The overall success rate of NOM was 97.2%（70/72）. The success rates of NOM in the patients with grade I-III, IV and V liver trauma were100%, 94.4% and 83.3%. The complication rates were 10.0%and 45.5% in the patients who underwent NOM and surgical treatment, respectively. No patient with grade I-II liver trauma had complications. All patients who underwent NOM survived.NOM is the first option for the treatment of liver trauma if the patient is hemodynamically stable. The grade of liver injury and the volume of hemoperitoneum are not suitable criteria for selecting NOM. Hepatic angioembolization associated with the correction of hypothermia, coagulopathy and acidosis is important in the conservative treatment for liver trauma.

Loosely coordinating diluted highly concentrated electrolyte toward -60℃ Li metal batteries

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs) promise energy density over 400 Wh kg^(-1).However,they suffer severe electrochemical performance deterioration at sub-zero temperatures.Such failure behavior highly correlates to inferior lithium metal anode(LMA) compatibility and sluggish Li^(+) desolvation.Here,we demonstrate that cyclopentylmethyl ether(CPME) based diluted high-concentration electrolyte(DHCE)enables-60℃ LMBs operation.By leveraging the loose coordination between Li^(+) and CPME,such developed electrolyte boosts the formation of ion clusters to derive anion-dominant interfacial chemistry for enhancing LMA compatibility and greatly accelerates Li^(+) desolvation kinetics.The resulting electrolyte demonstrates high Coulombic efficiencies(CE),providing over 99.5%,99.1%,98.5% and 95% at 25,-20,-40,and-60℃respectively.The assembled Li-S battery exhibits remarkable cyclic stability in-20,and-40℃ at 0.2 C charging and 0.5 C discharging.Even at-60℃,Li-S cell with this designed electrolyte retains> 70% of the initial capacity over 170 cycles.Besides,lithium metal coin cell and pouch cell with10 mg cm^(-2) high S cathode loading exhibit cycling stability at-20℃.This work offers an opportunity for rational designing electrolytes toward low temperature LMBs.

Photon-added and photon-subtracted displaced Fock states and their non-classical properties

A new kind of quantum optical state, photon-added and -subtracted displaced Fock states, is introduced by applying the inverse of bosonic creation and annihilation operators to displaced Fock states. The quantum statistical properties of these states are investigated by numerical methods. Numerical results indicate that these states reveal some interesting non-classical properties, such as anti-bunching effects, sub-Poisson distributions and negativities of their Wigner functions.

The combined detection of carcinoembryonic antigen,carcinogenic antigen 125,and carcinogenic antigen 19-9 in colorectal cancer patients

BACKGROUND Hepatic metastases are common and difficult to treat after colorectal cancer(CRC)surgery.The predictive value of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA),cancer antigen(CA)125 and CA19-9 combined tests for liver metastasis is unclear.AIM To evaluate predictive value of combined tests for CEA,CA125,and CA19-9 levels in patients with liver metastases of CRC.METHODS The retrospective study included patients with CRC alone(50 cases)and patients with CRC combined with liver metastases(50 cases)who were hospitalized between January 2021 and January 2023.Serum CEA,CA125 and CA19-9 levels were compared between the two groups,and binary logistic regression was used to analyze the predictive value of the combination of these tumor markers in liver metastasis.In addition,we performed receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis to assess its diagnostic accuracy.RESULTS The results showed that the serum CEA,CA125 and CA19-9 levels in the CRC with liver metastasis group were significantly higher than those in the CRC alone group.Specifically,the average serum CEA level in the CRC with liver metastasis group was 162.03±810.01 ng/mL,while that in the CRC alone group was 5.71±9.76 ng/mL;the average serum CA125 levels were 43.47±83.52 U/mL respectively.and 13.5±19.68 U/mL;the average serum CA19-9 levels were 184.46±473.13 U/mL and 26.55±43.96 U/mL respectively.In addition,binary logistic regression analysis showed that CA125 was significant in predicting CRC liver metastasis(P<0.05).ROC curve analysis results showed that the areas under the ROC curves of CEA,CA125 and CA19-9 were 0.607,0.692 and 0.586.CONCLUSION These results suggest that combined detection of these tumor markers may help early detection and intervention of CRC liver metastasis,thereby improving patient prognosis.

WEAK TYPE INEQUALITIES FOR FRACTIONAL INTEGRAL OPERATORS ON GENERALIZED NON-HOMOGENEOUS MORREY SPACES

We obtain weak type （1, q） inequalities for fractional integral operators on generalized non-homogeneous Morrey spaces. The proofs use some properties of maximal operators. Our results are closely related to the strong type inequalities in [13, 14, 15].

血清CXCL5、sICAM-1与非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者术后转归的相关性

目的探析血清趋化因子配体5(CXCL5)、可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(sICAM-1)与非肌层浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC)患者术后转归的关系。方法采用便利抽样法,选取118例接受手术治疗的NMIBC患者,术后对患者进行为期1年的随访,观察患者无瘤生存期。比较不同CXCL5、sICAM-1水平的患者临床病理特征和无瘤生存期情况;采用COX回归验证血清CXCL5、sICAM-1水平与患者术后无瘤生存期的关系;采用Kaplan-Meier生存分析检验不同CXCL5、sICAM-1水平患者的无瘤生存期。结果经双变量Pearson相关系数检验,NMIBC患者血清CXCL5、sICAM-1水平之间呈正相关(γ=0.328,P<0.001)。血清CXCL5、sICAM-1高表达组中NMP22≥10 U/ml、低分化患者占比高于低表达组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但血清CXCL5、sICAM-1不同表达组的年龄、性别、TNM分期、病灶大小及病灶数量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。118例NMIBC患者中,经为期1年的随访,有34例出现复发,复发率为28.81%;经单因素和多因素COX回归分析结果显示,血清CXCL5、sICAM-1水平与NMIBC患者无瘤生存情况有关(P<0.05);血清CXCL5、sICAM-1水平高表达组的总体无瘤生存时间均低于低表达组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血清CXCL5、sICAM-1水平与NMIBC患者术后转归具有一定的相关性。

Weighted estimates for commutators of singular integral operators with non-smooth kernels

In this paper, we establish the boundedness of commutators of singular integral operators with non-smooth kernels on weighted Lipschitz spaces Lipβ,ω. The condition on the kernel in this paper is weaker than the usual pointwise HSrmander condition.

Linguistic-Probabilistic and Quantum Understanding of Gene Operation

This paper introduces the hypothesis that during the biosynthesis of prion proteins, the ribosome works in the opposite direction and thus, it is a “prion-poly-anticodon-dependent mRNA polymerase”. And accordingly, in violation of the Central Dogma, information flows from protein to RNA. This requires dogma formula to be re-written as follows: DNARNA Protein. The idea of contextual orientations of the ribosome on mRNA during protein biosynthesis is introduced. This ensures the selection of the correct amino acid or stop position due to the strategic role of the “wobbling” off the 3’-codon nucleotide in non-synonymous codons. This leads to the transition of the genetic code from purely a physico-chemical level of its operation to mental-textual one. This is a representation of the fact of one of the levels of non-locality (continuity) of the genome. There are six such levels of nonlocality. Level 1—Organizational. Here, non-locality is expressed with the ability to regenerate, for example, in planarians. Level 2—Cellular. From every cell, and not just from zygotes, you can grow a whole organism. Level 3—Cellular-nuclear. Enucleation of nuclei from somatic and germinal cells with the subsequent introduction of other nuclei into them does not prevent the development of a normal organism. Level 4—Molecular: the ribosome “reads” the informational RNA not only for individual codons, but for the whole RNA, taking into account the context, that is, non-locally, continually. Level 5— Chromosome-holographic. The genome has a holographic memory, and this is a typically distributed (non-local) associative memory. At this and subsequent levels, non-locality acquires a new quality, a dualistic, material-wave character, since holograms as a substance are “read” by electromagnetic and/or acoustic fields that carry genome-wave information beyond the substance of chromosomes. Level 6—Quantum non-locality of the genome. Up to level 6, the non-locality of genetic information is realized in the space of the organism. Level 6 has a special character and a new quality. It manifests itself in one of the forms of quantum non-locality, namely, permissive, postulated in this work. In this case, the non-locality is realized both in the space of the biosystem and in its own, “compressible” to zero, time. Gene-wave programs that are instantly distributed in such ways, isomorphic to material ones, work in the body “here and there at the same time”, therefore, the semantic construction “first and then” loses its meaning. And this is a strategic factor, an extraordinary achievement for multicellular biosystems. We have obtained theoretical and experimental results confirming our ideas.

Progress Toward Steady-State Operation on Tore Supra

Important technological and physics issues related to steady-state operationrequired for next step are being examined on Tore Supra, after a major upgrade of internalcomponents in order to increase the heat extraction capability to 25 MW for 1000 s. Here, we showfirst experimental results, where all the plasma facing components were actively cooled duringpulses exceeding four minutes, with reactor-relevant heat load. New physics was observed innon-inductively driven plasmas, including a stationary peaked radial profile of the plasma densitygenerated by an anomalous inward pinch; and a regime characterized by sinusoidal oscillations ofcentral electron temperature, governed by non-linear coupling between heat transport and plasmacurrent analogous to a predator-prey mechanism.

The Impacts of Income from Non-agricultural Industries Operated by Rural households on Farmers' Income

Income from non-agricultural industries operated by rural households is an important income source of farmers' income. According to the Regional Rural Residents' Net Income Per Capita in 2004 issued by the State Statistics Bureau and the relevant statistics of national comprehensive investigation(CGSS2005) in 2005, the impacts of farmers' income gap and farmers' individual features on their income and the impacts of income from non-agricultural industries operated by rural households on farmers' individual income differences are analyzed by applying Hierarchical Linear Models (HLM) as an analysis tool to establish the null model of HLM, excluding the second level model of the second level prediction variables and including the second level model of the second layer prediction variables. The analysis assumes that farmers' individual income varies hugely in different provinces; farmers' individual income has close relation with farmers' individual features; the improvement of income from non-agricultural industries operated by rural households has different impacts on farmers' income.

Non-Operating Room Anesthesia and the COVID-19 Patient: Evidence Based Strategies

As non-operating room anesthesia (NORA) vastly increases, so does the complexity of both the patients and the procedures. Unfamiliar environment, remote locations, and limited access to resources are some of the many challenges faced by the anesthesiologist in this environment. Understanding the environmental factors such as the room layout, machine placement and patient positioning needs advanced planning in the COVID-19 patient to determine airway management, intravenous access and overall patient safety. Communication with the proceduralist and healthcare workers (HCW) is of essence as both the procedure and anesthetic requirements may need to be altered as the case progresses. Standard monitoring guidelines should apply to all patients regardless of depth of anesthesia. The COVID-19 patient adds to these challenges. Aerosol generating medical procedures (AGMP’s) need to be identified ahead of time in order to ensure the safety of both the staff and patients. This allows for planning and preparation required for transportation of the patient to the room. HCWs may need to be identified and be available to assist with the procedure. Time should be allocated for transportation, briefing, room preparation, personal protective equipment needs of the staff and donning and doffing procedures as per institutional protocol. Communication means with staff outside of the room should be discussed in advance should an emergent situation arise during the procedure. Debriefing should be performed at the end of every procedure to improve patient safety and outcomes.

Toeplitz Operator Related to Singular Integral with Non-Smooth Kernel on Weighted Morrey Space

Let T1 be a singular integral with non-smooth kernel or ±I, let T2 and T4 be the linear operators and let T3 = ± I. Denote the Toeplitz type operator by Tb = T1M^b Ia T2 ＋ T3IaMbT4,where M^bf = bf, and Ib is the fractional integral operator. In this paper, we investigate the boundedness of the operator Tb on the weighted Morrey space when b belongs to the weighted BMO space.

BOUNDEDNESS OF VECTOR-VALUED CALDERN-ZYGMUND OPERATORS ON HERZ SPACES WITH NON-DOUBLING MEASURES

In the paper we obtain vector-valued inequalities for Calderon-Zygmund operator, simply CZO on Herz space and weak Herz space. In particular, we obtain vector-valued inequalities for CZO on L^q（R^d,｜x｜^α d μ）space, with 1〈q〈∞,-n〈α〈n（q-1）,and on L^1,∞ （R^d,｜x｜^α d μ）space,with -n〈α〈0.