The concept of social capital encompasses all relationships and networks among people in a local community or society as a whole. It has been found to be associated with the health and daily living status of people. F...The concept of social capital encompasses all relationships and networks among people in a local community or society as a whole. It has been found to be associated with the health and daily living status of people. Furthermore, an association between social capital and cognitive functions among the elderly has been suggested in recent years. However, the number of such reports is very few. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the relationship between social capital and cognitive functions among the elderly living in a local community in Japan. A questionnaire survey was administered to 192 elderly individuals belonging to 10 neighborhood elderly groups. A regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between cognitive functions and the level of engagement with the local community, after adjusting for age, gender, and symptoms of depression. Valid responses were collected from 145 participants (mean age: 75.3 years). An analysis of the data concerning the level of engagement with the local community revealed a significant difference in the cognitive function scores between the group of people who indicated that they had someone they could consult (n = 69) and the group that indicated they had no one to consult (n = 76) (regression coefficient: -0.61, p = 0.0038, 95% confidence interval: -1.02 to -0.20). This result indicates the existence of a significant correlation between social capital and cognitive functions of the elderly living in a local community. In future studies, we need to investigate the same with a larger number of participants from a wider geographical area, and by incorporating more indicators for a comprehensive evaluation of social capital.展开更多
Looking from the existing research,improving the social capital of the poverty population is an effective way to promote the population quality and the income growth of the poor people. Based on the existing research,...Looking from the existing research,improving the social capital of the poverty population is an effective way to promote the population quality and the income growth of the poor people. Based on the existing research,with the rural poor households in Sichuan Liangshan as the research object,this article used factor analysis to measure social capital stock,and then analyzed the influence of social capital on the income of the poor peasant households in that region,through the reconstructed production function. The results show that the poor households' social capital has a significant impact on their income level,and the effect degree varies in different income levels.展开更多
We use relevant economic and labor force data from 1990 to 2009 of Henan Province to analyze the dynamic relation between stock of rural human capital and farmers' income.Results indicate that a certain causal rel...We use relevant economic and labor force data from 1990 to 2009 of Henan Province to analyze the dynamic relation between stock of rural human capital and farmers' income.Results indicate that a certain causal relationship and long-run equilibrium relation exist between rural human capital and farmers' income,but their interaction shows some lagging characteristic.Increase of farmers' income in Henan Province increases the stock of rural human capital in this province for a short term.However,in the long run,this accumulation effect will decline along with renewal and aging of knowledge.The positive promotion action of rural human capital on farmers' income will appear after a long lag time.Therefore,the policy of strengthening rural human capital input should be long-term and continuous.展开更多
Value is the scale that appraises whether the comparison between a certain thing and its realization which we need to consume is rational. The paper appraises the investment value and incomes of human capital by apply...Value is the scale that appraises whether the comparison between a certain thing and its realization which we need to consume is rational. The paper appraises the investment value and incomes of human capital by applying value engineering method. It elaborates the investment structure and contents of human capital first, and then analyzes and summarizes various functions of enterprise＇s human capital. It educes the production function and the optimum equilibrium solution of human capital on this basis. Finally, it appraises the investment value of human capital by applying VE method. Thus we will apply a new method in the human capital field.展开更多
Human capital,as a synthesis of wisdom and physical fitness condensed in workers,is sometimes confused with technological innovation by existing literature.This paper makes comparisons between these two terminologies....Human capital,as a synthesis of wisdom and physical fitness condensed in workers,is sometimes confused with technological innovation by existing literature.This paper makes comparisons between these two terminologies.Technological innovation is a short-term activity that attaches importance to economic benefits while human capital accumulation is a long-term strategic process with lifelong benefits,and human capital is the foundation of technological innovation.In empirical part,this paper adopts Solow Residual Method to calculate stock,elasticity and growth rate of human capital of 10 countries after eliminating physical capital,labor force and technological innovation.It is found that human capital stock in the United States is the largest and human capital growth in China is the fastest.Calculation is followed by measurement.We construct a comprehensive index of human capital by using Index Weight Assignment Method and Two-level&Three-factor CES Function to measure and predict human capital level in China.Both calculating and measuring results show that growth rate of China’s human capital is around 5%.In the future,for high-quality economic development,China should give priority to human capital development and comprehensively improve human capital competitiveness.展开更多
文摘The concept of social capital encompasses all relationships and networks among people in a local community or society as a whole. It has been found to be associated with the health and daily living status of people. Furthermore, an association between social capital and cognitive functions among the elderly has been suggested in recent years. However, the number of such reports is very few. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the relationship between social capital and cognitive functions among the elderly living in a local community in Japan. A questionnaire survey was administered to 192 elderly individuals belonging to 10 neighborhood elderly groups. A regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between cognitive functions and the level of engagement with the local community, after adjusting for age, gender, and symptoms of depression. Valid responses were collected from 145 participants (mean age: 75.3 years). An analysis of the data concerning the level of engagement with the local community revealed a significant difference in the cognitive function scores between the group of people who indicated that they had someone they could consult (n = 69) and the group that indicated they had no one to consult (n = 76) (regression coefficient: -0.61, p = 0.0038, 95% confidence interval: -1.02 to -0.20). This result indicates the existence of a significant correlation between social capital and cognitive functions of the elderly living in a local community. In future studies, we need to investigate the same with a larger number of participants from a wider geographical area, and by incorporating more indicators for a comprehensive evaluation of social capital.
文摘Looking from the existing research,improving the social capital of the poverty population is an effective way to promote the population quality and the income growth of the poor people. Based on the existing research,with the rural poor households in Sichuan Liangshan as the research object,this article used factor analysis to measure social capital stock,and then analyzed the influence of social capital on the income of the poor peasant households in that region,through the reconstructed production function. The results show that the poor households' social capital has a significant impact on their income level,and the effect degree varies in different income levels.
文摘We use relevant economic and labor force data from 1990 to 2009 of Henan Province to analyze the dynamic relation between stock of rural human capital and farmers' income.Results indicate that a certain causal relationship and long-run equilibrium relation exist between rural human capital and farmers' income,but their interaction shows some lagging characteristic.Increase of farmers' income in Henan Province increases the stock of rural human capital in this province for a short term.However,in the long run,this accumulation effect will decline along with renewal and aging of knowledge.The positive promotion action of rural human capital on farmers' income will appear after a long lag time.Therefore,the policy of strengthening rural human capital input should be long-term and continuous.
文摘Value is the scale that appraises whether the comparison between a certain thing and its realization which we need to consume is rational. The paper appraises the investment value and incomes of human capital by applying value engineering method. It elaborates the investment structure and contents of human capital first, and then analyzes and summarizes various functions of enterprise＇s human capital. It educes the production function and the optimum equilibrium solution of human capital on this basis. Finally, it appraises the investment value of human capital by applying VE method. Thus we will apply a new method in the human capital field.
文摘Human capital,as a synthesis of wisdom and physical fitness condensed in workers,is sometimes confused with technological innovation by existing literature.This paper makes comparisons between these two terminologies.Technological innovation is a short-term activity that attaches importance to economic benefits while human capital accumulation is a long-term strategic process with lifelong benefits,and human capital is the foundation of technological innovation.In empirical part,this paper adopts Solow Residual Method to calculate stock,elasticity and growth rate of human capital of 10 countries after eliminating physical capital,labor force and technological innovation.It is found that human capital stock in the United States is the largest and human capital growth in China is the fastest.Calculation is followed by measurement.We construct a comprehensive index of human capital by using Index Weight Assignment Method and Two-level&Three-factor CES Function to measure and predict human capital level in China.Both calculating and measuring results show that growth rate of China’s human capital is around 5%.In the future,for high-quality economic development,China should give priority to human capital development and comprehensively improve human capital competitiveness.
