Successful emergency surgical intervention in acute non-STsegment elevation myocardial infarction with rupture:A case report

BACKGROUND The incidence of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)is rising,with cardiac rupture accounting for approximately 2%of deaths in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI).Ventricular free wall rupture(FWR)occurs in approximately 2%of AMI patients and is notably rare in patients with non-STEMI.Types of cardiac rupture include left ventricular FWR,ventricular septal rupture,and papillary muscle rupture.The FWR usually leads to acute cardiac tamponade or electromechanical dissociation,where standard resuscitation efforts may not be effective.Ventricular septal rupture and papillary muscle rupture often result in refractory heart failure,with mortality rates over 50%,even with surgical or percutaneous repair options.CASE SUMMARY We present a rare case of an acute non-STEMI patient who suffered sudden FWR causing cardiac tamponade and loss of consciousness immediate before undergoing coronary angiography.Prompt resuscitation and emergency open-heart repair along with coronary artery bypass grafting resulted in successful patient recovery.CONCLUSION This case emphasizes the risks of AMI complications,shares a successful treatment scenario,and discusses measures to prevent such complications.

New Cutoff for High Sensitivity Troponin to Better Risk Stratify Patients with Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction

Background: The diagnosis of Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI) is dependent on elevation of high sensitivity troponin (Hs-troponin). The current cutoff point for Hs-troponin is highly sensitive but not specific for obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aims to determine the best cutoff point for diagnosing CAD in patients presented with NSTEMI. Methods: Our study included all patients admitted as NSTEMI that underwent coronary angiography (CAG). They were grouped into two groups: A and B. Group A has obstructive CAD of 70% or more stenosis and group B with non-obstructive CAD. Patients were assessed for their demographics, clinical history, laboratory and imaging results. Using SPSS version 22, the pooled cohort of patients were analyzed at significant level < 0.05 and the data were tested for significant correlations between two predetermined groups. Results: Group A comprised 87.6% of the patients and both groups had a median age of 53 years. In Group A, 91% were males, 54% diabetics, 54% hypertensives, and median Hs-troponin was 145 ng/L. While in group B, 88% were males, 39% diabetics, 60% hypertensives, and median Hs-troponin was 54 ng/L. There was significant correlation between the two groups in the percentage of diabetes and median troponin level (p < 0.05). A ROC curve has identified a level of 127 ng/dL as the best cutoff of Hs-troponin in detecting obstructive CAD (p = 0.03). Interestingly, 60% of patients in group B had alternative diagnoses. Conclusion: Hs-troponin is sensitive but less specific for obstructive CAD. However, increasing its cutoff value will improve its specificity.

Myocardial ischemic changes of electrocardiogram in intracerebral hemorrhage: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Cardiac injury may occur after acute pathology of central nervous system(CNS)without any evidence of primary cardiac diseases.The resulting structural and/or functional changes are called cerebrocardiac syndrome(CCS).The great majority of studies have been performed in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH),while CCS data after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)are rare.It may cause diagnostic and therapeutic pitfalls for the clinician due to a lack of specific clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods.Understanding the underlying pathophysiological and molecular mechanism(s)following cerebrovascular incidents will help to implement prevention and treatment strategies to improve the prognosis.CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old man with a history of hypertension presented to our department on an emergency basis because of a sudden dizziness and left limb weakness.Cerebral computed tomography(CT)suggested ICH in the occipital and parietal lobes,and the chosen emergency treatment was hematoma evacuation.Left ventricular(LV)dysfunction occurred after the next 48 h and the electrocardiogram(ECG)showed non-ST elevation myocardial infarction.CCS was suspected first in the context of ICH due to the negative result of the coronary CT angiogram.CONCLUSION Misinterpretation of ischemic-like ECGs may lead to unnecessary or hazardous interventions and cause undue delay of rehabilitation after stroke.Our objective is to highlight the clinical implications of CCS and we hope the differential diagnoses will be considered in patients with acute CNS diseases.

Reactive protein, plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 （PAI-1） levels, PAI-1 promoter 4G/5G polymorphism and acute myocardial infarction

Objective To investigate the relationship between CRP, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 （PAI-1） levels, PAI-1 gene promoter 4G/5G polymorphism and the type of acute myocardial infarction （ST elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI vs the non-ST elevation Myocardial infarction, NSTEMI）. Methods One hundred seventy-six consecutive patients with AMI were included for the study, of whom 60 had STEMI and 56 had NSTEMI, and 60 adults without cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease were selected as controls. Blood samples were obtained from patients within 6 h of AMI and the plasma PAI-1, CRP, and the gene polymorphism were measured. Results Plasma levels of PAI- 1 and CRP were higher in AMI groups, compared those in the control group, and plasma levels of PAI-1 were significantly higher in patients with STEMI compared to those with NSTEMI （80.12ng/ml VS.73.01ng/ml, P 〈0.01）, while CRP levels were not significantly different between patient with STEMI and NSTEMI （3.87 ± 0.79 mg/ml VS.4.01 ±0.69mg/ml, P〉0.05）. PAI-1 levels presented a significant correlation with CRP levels in the NSTEMI subjects. However, PAI-1 and CRP levels could explain the lack of a significant relationship between them in control and STEMI subjects.The frequencies of 4G/4G genotype in the AMI group were higher than those in the control group and higher in patient with STEMI than in patient with NSTEMI. Plasma levels of PAI-1 in subjects with 4G/4G genotype were significantly increased as compared to those in subjects with 4G/5G and 5G/5G genotype. Conclusions Plasma PAI-1 levels were associated with different myocardial infarction type, and PAI-1 promoter 4G/5G polymorphisms and CRP may be related to plasma PAI-1 levels

A Retrospective Clinical Analysis of 216 Patients With Non-ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Objectives To analyze the clinical characteristics of 216 patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction （NSTEMI）. Methods A retrospective analysis was used. Two hundred and sixteen NSTEMI patients were divided into two groups： （1） according to the age： age 〈65 years group and age ≥65 years group; （2） according to thrombolysis in myocardial ischemia trial （TIMI） lib risk stratification scoring system： score 〈4 group and ≥4 group; （3） according to serum creatinine （sCr） level： sCr level ≤ 178 μmol · L^-1 group and 〉 178 μmol · L^-1 group. Seven hundred and eighty six acute myocardial infarction （AMI） patients during the same period were divided into ST segment elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） group and NSTEMI group. Clinical characteristics of the patients in the two groups were compared. Results （1） The number of NSTEMI patients in age ≥65 years group is significantly greater than that in age 〈 65 years group. Study revealed that the patients in age ≥ 65 years group were without chest pain, had hypertension, dyslipidemia, atrial fibrillation, cardiac and renal dysfunction （sCr 〉 178 μmol· L^-1 ）and triple vessel disease. Fewer patients in this group received coronary artery angiography （CAG）, percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） and coronary artery bypass graft （CABG）. More number of deaths in this group compared with the age 〈 65 years group. （2） The number of NSTEMI patients in TIMI score 〉 4 group is significantly greater than that in TIMI score 〈 4 group. Four major complications such as acute left ventricular failure, cardiogenic shock, serious arrhythmia and deaths, increased significantly in TIMI score 〉 4 group comparing with TIMI score ≤〈4 group. （3） Obviously, more number of elderly patients, non-insulin dependant diabetes mellitus （NIDDM）, patients with cardiac troponin T （CTnT） 〉3.0 ng· L^-1 and deaths occurred in sCr 〉 178 μmol · L^-1 group.（4） STEMI and NSTEMI patients were compared in same time frame as follows： fewer NSTEMI patients and more elderly patients had no chest pain, NID- DM, hypertension, dyslipidemia, left main coronary artery （LMCA） disease while CTnT ≥3.0 ng· ml^- ; fewer patients with aneurysm （30 days） underwent CAG, PCI and CABG treatment. However, there were no significant differences in smokers, patients with less than 50% stenosis in any vessel, 1 - 3 vessel disease, acute left ventricle heart failure, cardiogenic shock, serious arrhythmia and deaths. （5） The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that death in NSTEMI was directly influenced by malignant arrhythmias with age ≥70 years. Conclusions Patients with NSTEMI were older, had more risk factors and presented more serious vessel disease, therefore, less of them could receive standard treatment. Complications and mortality of patients with NSTEMI were similar to that of patients with STEMI. Thus, NSTEMI is a serious disease with poor prognosis. NSTEMI patients may present with atypical chest pain and electrocardiogram changes, so are easily missed or loss diagnosed.

Differences in symptoms and pre-hospital delay among acute myocardial infarction patients according to ST-segment elevation on electrocardiogram: an analysis of China Acute Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) registry

Background: Approximately 70% patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) presented without ST-segment elevation on electrocardiogram. Patients with non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) often presented with atypical symptoms, which may be related to pre-hospital delay and increased risk of mortality. However, up to date few studies reported detailed symptomatology of NSTEMI, particularly among Asian patients. The objective of this study was to describe and compare symptoms and presenting characteristics of NSTEMI vs. STEMI patients. Methods: We enrolled 21,994 patients diagnosed with AMI from China Acute Myocardial Infarction (CAMI) Registry between January 2013 and September 2014. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to ST-segment elevation: ST-segment elevation (STEMI) group and NSTEMI group. We extracted data on patients' characteristics and detailed symptomatology and compared these variables between two groups. Results: Compared with patients with STEMI (N=16,315), those with NSTEMI (N=5679) were older, more often females and more often have comorbidities. Patients with NSTEMI were less likely to present with persistent chest pain (54.3% vs.71.4%), diaphoresis (48.6% vs.70.0%), radiation pain (26.4% vs.33.8%), and more likely to have chest distress (42.4% vs.38.3%) than STEMI patients (all P<0.0001). Patients with NSTEMI were also had longer time to hospital. In multivariable analysis, NSTEMI was independent predictor of presentation without chest pain (odds ratio: 1.974, 95% confidence interval:1.849-2.107). Conclusions: Patients with NSTEMI were more likely to present with chest distress and pre-hospital patient delay compared with patients with STEMI. It is necessary for both clinicians and patients to learn more about atypical symptoms of NSTEMI in order to rapidly recognize myocardial infarction.

Short-term Prognosis of Fragmented QRS Complex in Patients with Non-ST Elevated Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background：There remains significant debate as to the relationship between fragmented QRS （fQRS） complexes on electrocardiogram （ECG） and acute myocardial infarction （AMI）.Few studies have reported on this relationship in non-ST elevated AMI （NSTEMI）,and thus,we attempt to assess this relationship and its potential short-term prognostic value.Methods：This was a single-center,observational,retrospective cohort study.A total of 513 consecutive patients （399 men,114 women） with NSTEMI within 24 h who underwent coronary angiography at our department,between January 1,2014,and December 31,2014.Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of fQRS complex on the admission ECG.fQRS complexes were defined as the existence of an additional R＇ or crochetage wave,notching in the nadir of the S wave,RS fragmentation,or QS complexes on 2 contiguous leads.All patients were followed up for 6 months,and all major adverse cardiac events （MACE） were recorded.Results：In this study,there were 285 patients with fQRS ECG in the 513 patients with NSTEMI.The number of patients with 0-2 coronary arteries narrowed by ≥50% in fQRS group were less while patients with 3 narrowed arteries were more than in the non-fQRS group （P =0.042）.There were fewer Killip Class Ⅰ patients in the fQRS group （P =0.019）,while Killip Class Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ patients were more in the fQRS group than in the non-fQRS group （P =0.019）.Left ventricular ejection fraction levels were significantly lower in the fQRS group （P =0.021）.Baseline total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein,creatinine,creatine kinase,homocysteine,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein （CRP）,and red blood cells distribution width levels were significantly higher in the fQRS group.Total MACE （MACE,P =0.028）,revascularization （P =0.005）,and recurrent angina （P =0.005） were also significantly greater in the fQRS group.On final logistic regression analysis,after adjusting for baseline variables,the following variables were independent predictors of fQRS：Coronary artery narrowing （P =0.035）,Killip classification （P =0.026）,and total cholesterol （P =0.002）.The following variables were found to be independent predictors of preoperative MACE：Hemoglobin （P =0.000）,gender （P =0.026）,fQRS （P =0.016）,and time from myocardial infarction to balloon or coronary artery bypasses grafting （P =0.013）.Conclusions：The fQRS complexes are commonly present in NSTEMI and the fQRS complexes are an independent predictor of MACE in NSTEMI patients.The number of narrowed coronary arteries,Killip classification,and total cholesterol are all independent predictors of the fQRS complexes.

急性心肌梗死给予脑钠肽前体检测对溶栓治疗预后的评价

目的:本研究旨在观察成功溶栓患者中是否发生早期心血管事件,比较其血浆N氨基酸末端脑钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)的差异,并研究其与血清肌钙蛋白T、肌酸激酶、肌酸激酶同工酶、左室射血分数、左室舒张末期容积之间的相关性,探讨测定血浆NT-pro BNP水平在评价急性心肌梗死(AMI)成功溶栓治疗的患者病情严重程度和预后的意义。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附法对61例ST段抬高型AMI患者应用瑞替普酶静脉溶栓治疗前测定NT-pro BNP。随访30 d,观察30 d内是否发生心血管死亡、心力衰竭、再发心肌梗死、梗死后心绞痛等情况。结果:两组的年龄、性别、身高、体重、吸烟与否、高血压、糖尿病以及心肌梗死的发生部位等指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),log NT-pro BNP水平与c Tn T、CK、CK-MB、LVEDV存在正相关(P<0.05),与LVEF存在负相关(P<0.05)。结论:测定入院时血浆NT-pro BNP水平对评估AMI经过成功溶栓治疗的患者30 d内发生心血管事件有重要的临床价值。

参附注射液辅助治疗ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死并发急性左心力衰竭的疗效观察

目的:评价参附注射液治疗ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死并发急性左心衰的临床疗效。方法:将80例ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死并发左心衰患者随机分为对照组40例、治疗组40例。2组均采用西医常规方法治疗,治疗组加用参附注射液静脉输注治疗。疗程为14天。观察两组患者治疗前后CO(心输出量)、CI(心脏指数)及LVEF(左心射血分数)的变化以及两组存活患者临床症状和心衰严重程度的变化情况。结果:经比较2组患者14天内生存情况比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);但两组患者中存活患者治疗前后CO(心输出量)、CI(心脏指数)及LVEF(左心射血分数)的变化以及两组存活患者临床症状和心衰严重程度的变化均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:采用参附注射液辅助治疗ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死并发急性左心衰患者,能有效提高临床疗效,改善心功能。

急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死直接PCI并发MACCE及大出血事件的相关因素

目的:回顾性分析急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者住院行直接冠状动脉介入治疗术(PCI)后发生主要不良心脑血管事件(MACCE)及大出血的相关因素。方法:以2008年9月～2010年8月收住的235例STEMI在12 h内行直接PCI术的患者为研究对象,分为病例组(包括MACCE及大出血)和对照组。搜集手术、药物、实验室等相关因素,包括急性梗死相关血管、术中有无慢血流和无再流发生及处理、处理前后血流分级、急性梗死相关血管球囊预扩张及支架扩张最高压力等数据,同时搜集左室射血分值、血小板计数、嗜酸性粒细胞计数、嗜碱性粒细胞计数、凝血系列、肝肾功、血脂4项、空腹血糖及心肌标志物等检测指标。采用多因素Logistic回归的方法分析上述因素与MACCE及大出血的相关性。结果:单因素分析显示病例组在急性IRA行直接支架植入术的比率、凝血酶原时间、CK方面高于对照组(P<0.05),在年龄、急性IRA慢血流及无再流的发生率、术前术中IABP的使用率、Killip分级、并发CTO的血管数量、急性IRA预扩最高压力、FPG、Cr、CK-MB方面显著高于对照组(P<0.01);而病例组在冠脉内替罗非班使用率、行2次PCI的比率、急性IRA支架的最高压力方面低于对照组(P<0.05),在男性患者的比率、慢血流及无再流处理前和处理后TIMI分级、植入支架的总数量、UA、TC、LDL-C、HDL-C、左室射血分数值(LVEF)方面显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄、冠脉内注射替罗非班、LVEF值与MACCE及大出血具有相关性(P<0.05),慢血流及无再流处理后TIMI分级与MACCE及大出血具有显著相关性(P<0.01)、其中年龄呈正相关,冠脉内注射替罗非班、慢血流及无再流处理后TIMI分级及左室射血分值呈负相关。结论:高龄、慢血流及无再流处理后TIMI分级小和LVEF值低是MACCE及大出血的危险因素;冠脉内注射替罗非班是保护因素。

脑钠肽前体对急性心肌梗死溶栓治疗预后的评价

目的:本研究旨在观察成功溶栓患者中是否发生早期心血管事件,比较其NT-proBNP的差异,并研究其与血清肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)、肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末期直径(LVEDD)之间的相关性,探讨测定血浆NT-proBNP水平在评价急性心肌梗死(AMI)成功溶栓治疗的患者病情严重程度和预后的意义。方法:采用酶联免疫吸附法对61例ST段抬高型AMI患者应用瑞替普酶静脉溶栓治疗前测定NT-proBNP。随访30 d,观察30 d内是否发生心血管死亡、心力衰竭、再发心肌梗死、梗死后心绞痛等情况。结果:血浆NT-proBNP水平在早期有心血管事件组高于无心血管事件组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血浆NT-proBNP水平与cTnT、CK、CK-MB、LVEDD存在正相关(P<0.05),与LVEF存在负相关(P<0.05)。结论:测定入院时血浆NT-proBNP水平对评估AMI经过成功溶栓治疗的患者30d内发生心血管事件有重要的临床价值。

Delayed Coronary Ostial Stenosis after Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement and Root Enlargement Treated with Beating Heart On-Pump CABG

Coronary ostial stenosis after surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) is a rare but potentially fatal complication. Surgeons must have a high level of vigilance regarding the presentation of acute myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, and heart failure after AVR. According to most reports, this event can be time-dependent divided into two groups;early acute phase that mostly happens intraoperative during weaning of CPB or in early ICU stay, and late presentation usually appears 1 - 6 months post surgery. Here, we describe an unusual subacute presentation of right coronary ostial stenosis 12 days after SAVR, which was treated successfully with redo beating heart coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

STEMI患者外周血FGF23、Fetuin-A与临床预后的关系

目的:探讨外周血成纤维细胞生长因子23(FGF23)、胎球蛋白A(Fetuin-A)水平与ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STMEI)患者临床预后的关系。方法:回顾性研究2011-11-2016-11明确诊断STEMI的患者257例的临床资料,并进行随访。随访终点定义为全因死亡。根据患者术前外周血FGF23水平将患者分为FGF23≥10.724pg/ml组(44例)与FGF23<10.724pg/ml组(213例),比较两组患者基线资料。对随访结果作cox回归分析,评价FGF23水平对各终点事件的预测价值。根据患者术前外周血Fetuin-A水平将患者分为Fetuin-A<1 035.166ng/ml组(106例)与Fetuin-A≥1 035.166ng/ml组(151例),比较两组患者基线资料。对随访结果作cox回归分析,评价Fetuin-A水平对各终点事件的预测价值。结果:随访结束时共25例患者(9.73%)死亡。多因素cox回归分析发现FGF23≥10.724pg/ml是STEMI患者1年全因死亡(HR=3.400,95%CI:1.467~7.879,P=0.004)的独立危险因素,Fetuin-A≥1 035.166ng/ml是STEMI患者1年全因死亡(HR=0.323,95%CI:0.119~0.881,P=0.027)的保护性因素。结论:外周血FGF23、Fetuin-A水平与STEMI患者预后相关,术前外周血FGF23较高、Fetuin-A较低的患者1年全因死亡的风险较大。

血浆氨基末端脑钠肽前体水平与非ST段抬高型心肌梗死冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性研究

目的探讨非ST段抬高型心肌梗死(non-ST elevation myocardial infaction,NSTEMI)患者血浆氨基末端脑钠肽前体(aminoterminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide,NT-pro BNP)水平与冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性及其预测价值。方法回顾性收集2013年1月—2017年3月就诊于急诊科及心内科的NSTEMI患者,将其分为血栓无狭窄、单支病变、双支病变、三支病变4组,分析各组患者的一般情况、血浆NT-pro BNP、肌钙蛋白T、心脏彩色多普勒超声及冠状动脉造影结果等。结果共纳入患者88例,其中血栓无狭窄组6例,单支病变组20例,双支病变组31例,三支病变组31例。三支病变组的NT-pro BNP、左心室射血分数、左心室舒张末期直径、冠状动脉Gensini评分与其他各组差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),全部患者的NT-pro BNP与冠状动脉Gensini评分呈正相关(r=0.663,P<0.05)。结论 NSTEMI患者的血浆NT-pro BNP水平与其冠状动脉病变严重程度相关,并有一定预测价值。

血尿酸水平对ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后长期预后的影响

目的:探讨血尿酸(SUA)水平对行急诊经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)的ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者长期预后的影响。方法:连续纳入2012年1月至2012年12月在我院诊断为STEMI并成功行急诊PCI的患者275例,按照入院时SUA水平三分位法将患者分成A组91例(低尿酸)、B组90例(中尿酸)、C组94例(高尿酸)。收集所有患者临床基线资料,包括吸烟史、既往病史、血液学指标及冠脉造影结果等,观察三组患者急诊PCI术后住院期间及术后6年随访期间主要不良心血管事件(MACE)的发生情况,logistic回归分析SUA水平对患者近期及长期预后的危险因素。结果:C组男性和心律失常病史比例明显高于A、B组(P<0.05)。同时,三组患者AIP、Scr、BUN、SUA、APTT组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。C组患者三支血管病变比例明显高于A、B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者住院期间心力衰竭、支架内血栓形成、总MACE比例组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者术后6年心力衰竭、心绞痛、支架内再狭窄/闭塞和总MACE比例组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归显示年龄、吸烟史、TC、SUA、血栓抽吸术、IABP应用是住院期间MACE发生的危险因素(P<0.05),AIP、SUA、APTT、IABP应用是PCI术后6年随访期间MACE发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:成功行急诊PCI的STEMI患者,SUA水平是其近期及长期预后的独立危险因素,SUA水平升高者长期MACE发生率增加。

Coronary arteriography under acupuncture anesthesia:a case report

Acupuncture anesthesia is a technique by partially or completely replacing anesthetics with acupuncture in surgery based on the traditional acupuncture analgesia mechanism.It emerged in the 1950s,went viral in the 1970s and then gradually fell into decline.In the recent years,this technique has regained attention and further research.Acupuncture anesthesia can be classified as either pure acupuncture anesthesia or acupuncture-medication combined anesthesia.To expand the application of this technique,a patient with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome in urgent need of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) received pure acupuncture anesthesia because of an allergy to lidocaine,and the operation went successfully.This is the first time that pure acupuncture anesthesia and coronary arteriography were combined,which is of great significance in further study and development of acupuncture anesthesia.