Genetic Algorithm-Based Redundancy Optimization Method for Smart Grid Communication Network

This paper proposes a redundancy optimization method for smart grid Advanced Metering Infrastructure(AMI) to realize economy and reliability targets.AMI is a crucial part of the smart grid to measure,collect,and analyze data about energy usage and power quality from customer premises.From the communication perspective,the AMI consists of smart meters,Home Area Network(HAN) gateways and data concentrators;in particular,the redundancy optimization problem focus on deciding which data concentrator needs redundancy.In order to solve the problem,we first develop a quantitative analysis model for the network economic loss caused by the data concentrator failures.Then,we establish a complete redundancy optimization model,which comprehensively consider the factors of reliability and economy.Finally,an advanced redundancy deployment method based on genetic algorithm(GA) is developed to solve the proposed problem.The simulation results testify that the proposed redundancy optimization method is capable to build a reliable and economic smart grid communication network.

Optimization of Reliability–Redundancy Allocation Problems: A Review of the Evolutionary Algorithms

The study of optimization methods for reliability–redundancy allocation problems is a constantly changing field.New algorithms are continually being designed on the basis of observations of nature,wildlife,and humanity.In this paper,we review eight major evolutionary algorithms that emulate the behavior of civilization,ants,bees,fishes,and birds(i.e.,genetic algorithms,bee colony optimization,simulated annealing,particle swarm optimization,biogeography-based optimization,artificial immune system optimization,cuckoo algorithm and imperialist competitive algorithm).We evaluate the mathematical formulations and pseudo-codes of each algorithm and discuss how these apply to reliability–redundancy allocation problems.Results from a literature survey show the best results found for series,series–parallel,bridge,and applied case problems(e.g.,overspeeding gas turbine benchmark).Review of literature from recent years indicates an extensive improvement in the algorithm reliability performance.However,this improvement has been difficult to achieve for high-reliability applications.Insights and future challenges in reliability–redundancy allocation problems optimization are also discussed in this paper.

RESEARCH ON THE PACKING ALGORITHM FOR ANTI-SEU OF FPGA BASED ON TRIPLE MODULAR REDUNDANCY AND THE NUMBERS OF FAN-OUTS OF THE NET

Static Random Access Memory(SRAM) based Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA) is widely applied in the field of aerospace, whose anti-SEU(Single Event Upset) capability becomes more and more important. To improve anti-FPGA SEU capability, the registers of the circuit netlist are tripled and divided into three categories in this study. By the packing algorithm, the registers of triple modular redundancy are loaded into different configurable logic block. At the same time, the packing algorithm considers the effect of large fan-out nets. The experimental results show that the algorithm successfully realize the packing of the register of Triple Modular Redundancy(TMR). Comparing with Timing Versatile PACKing(TVPACK), the algorithm in this study is able to obtain a 11% reduction of the number of the nets in critical path, and a 12% reduction of the time delay in critical path on average when TMR is not considered. Especially, some critical path delay of circuit can be improved about 33%.

Research on Trajectory Tracking Method of Redundant Manipulator Based on PSO Algorithm Optimization

Aiming at the problem that the trajectory tracking performance of redundant manipulator corresponding to the target position is difficult to optimize,the trajectory tracking method of redundant manipulator based on PSO algorithm optimization is studied.The kinematic diagram of redundant manipulator is created,to derive the equation of motion trajectory of redundant manipulator end.Pseudo inverse Jacobi matrix is used to solve the problem of manipulator redundancy.Based on the tracking ellipse of redundant manipulator,the tracking shape of redundant manipulator is determined with the overall tracking index as the second index,and the optimization method of tracking index is proposed.The redundant manipulator contour is located by active contour model,on this basis,combined with particle swarm optimization algorithm,the point coordinates on the circumference with the relevant joint point as the center and joint length as the radius are selected as the algorithm particles for iteration,and the optimal tracking results of the overall redundant manipulator trajectory are obtained.The experimental results show that under the proposed method,the tracking error of the redundant manipulator is low,and the error jump range is small.It shows that this method has high tracking accuracy and reliability.

Optimal redundancy allocation for reliability systems with imperfect switching

The problem of stochastically allocating redundant com- ponents to increase the system lifetime is an important topic of reliability. An optimal redundancy allocation is proposed, which maximizes the expected lifetime of a reliability system with sub- systems consisting of components in parallel. The constraints are minimizing the total resources and the sizes of subsystems. In this system, each switching is independent with each other and works with probability p. Two optimization problems are studied by an incremental algorithm and dynamic programming technique respectively. The incremental algorithm proposed could obtain an approximate optimal solution, and the dynamic programming method could generate the optimal solution,

Microcontroller Design Based on Dynamic Heterogeneous Redundancy Architecture

Redundancy control can effectively enhance the stability and robustness of a system.Based on the conventional redundancy control switchover and majority arbitration strategy,this paper introduces the concept of heterogeneity and dynamics,constructs a dynamic heterogeneous redundancy-based microcontroller architecture DHR-MCU,and designs a fixed-leader distributed consensus algorithm that satisfies the program running state control of this architecture.The theoretical analysis and actual measurement of the prototype system prove that this architecture has good anti-attack and self-recovery capabilities under normal functions and performances and meets the general robust features in terms of safety and security.

Forward displacement analysis of a redundant parallel manipulator by approximation algorithms

This paper presents the forward displacement analysis of an 8-PSS(prismatic-spherical-spherical)redundant parallel manipulator whose moving platform is linked to the base platform by eight kinemtic chains consisting of a PSS joint and a strut with fixed length.A general approximation algorithm is used to solve the problem.To avoid the extraction of root in the approximation process,the forward displacement analysis of the 8-PSS redundant parallel manipulator is transformed into another equivalent problem on the assumption that the strut is extensible while the slider is fixed.The problem is solved by a modified approximation algorithm which predicates that the manipulator will move along a pose vector to reduce the difference between the desired configuration and an instantaneous one,and the best movement should be with minimum norm and least quadratic sum.The characteristic of this modified algorithm is that its convergence domain is larger than that of the general approximation algorithm.Simulation results show that the modelified algorithm is general and can be used for the forward displacement analysis of the redundant parallel manipulator actuated by a revolute joint.

Multi-Label Feature Selection Based on Improved Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm with Dynamic Redundancy and Label Dependence

The world produces vast quantities of high-dimensional multi-semantic data.However,extracting valuable information from such a large amount of high-dimensional and multi-label data is undoubtedly arduous and challenging.Feature selection aims to mitigate the adverse impacts of high dimensionality in multi-label data by eliminating redundant and irrelevant features.The ant colony optimization algorithm has demonstrated encouraging outcomes in multi-label feature selection,because of its simplicity,efficiency,and similarity to reinforcement learning.Nevertheless,existing methods do not consider crucial correlation information,such as dynamic redundancy and label correlation.To tackle these concerns,the paper proposes a multi-label feature selection technique based on ant colony optimization algorithm(MFACO),focusing on dynamic redundancy and label correlation.Initially,the dynamic redundancy is assessed between the selected feature subset and potential features.Meanwhile,the ant colony optimization algorithm extracts label correlation from the label set,which is then combined into the heuristic factor as label weights.Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed strategies can effectively enhance the optimal search ability of ant colony,outperforming the other algorithms involved in the paper.

Reliability-based selective maintenance for redundant systems with dependent performance characteristics of components

The reliability-based selective maintenance(RSM)decision problem of systems with components that have multiple dependent performance characteristics(PCs)reflecting degradation states is addressed in this paper.A vine-Copulabased reliability evaluation method is proposed to estimate the reliability of system components with multiple PCs.Specifically,the marginal degradation reliability of each PC is built by using the Wiener stochastic process based on the PC’s degradation mechanism.The joint degradation reliability of the component with multiple PCs is established by connecting the marginal reliability of PCs using D-vine.In addition,two RSM decision models are developed to ensure the system accomplishes the next mission.The genetic algorithm(GA)is used to solve the constraint optimization problem of the models.A numerical example illustrates the application of the proposed RSM method.

Multiple-Objective Optimization and Design of Series-Parallel Systems Using Novel Hybrid Genetic Algorithm Meta-Heuristic Approach

In this study, we develop a new meta-heuristic-based approach to solve a multi-objective optimization problem, namely the reliability-redundancy allocation problem (RRAP). Further, we develop a new simulation process to generate practical tools for designing reliable series-parallel systems. Because the?RRAP is an NP-hard problem, conventional techniques or heuristics cannot be used to find the optimal solution. We propose a genetic algorithm (GA)-based hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm, namely the hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA), to find the optimal solution. A simulation process based on the HGA is developed to obtain different alternative solutions that are required to generate application tools for optimal design of reliable series-parallel systems. Finally, a practical case study regarding security control of a gas turbine in the overspeed state is presented to validate the proposed algorithm.

eVTOL飞行器冗余捷联惯性导航信息融合研究

电动垂直起降(eVTOL)飞行器的运用,作为一种未来城市交通的潜在解决方案,具有缓解城市交通拥堵和提高空中交通效率的巨大潜力。在其常用的导航系统中,通常采用组合导航和传感器余度技术来提高系统可靠性与安全性。然而,在当前导航系统的传感器余度技术中,冗余传感器只起到备份数据的作用,导致测量数据的信息利用率不高。为解决这一问题,文中以三余度的捷联惯性导航系统(SINS)和全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)的组合导航系统为研究对象,提出了一种基于二阶互差分和惯性传感器(IMU)冗余信息的陀螺仪噪声实时估计方法,推导了在二余度和三余度情况下陀螺仪噪声估计的递推式;在获得陀螺仪的噪声估计值后,采用自适应扩展卡尔曼滤波方法将SINS和GNSS的导航信息进行融合,以提高组合导航系统的准确性和鲁棒性。通过对SINS/GNSS组合导航系统进行仿真和真实跑车实验,结果表明:文中方法能够准确估计陀螺仪噪声;相较于传统融合方法,引入陀螺仪噪声实时估计后,组合导航系统的导航精度和抗干扰能力得到了提高,具有实际的工程意义。

多级冗余强干扰下医用三维力传感器数据的自动挖掘方法

针对医用三维力传感器容易受电磁场等外部环境的影响,产生大量相似特征数据,导致其输出紊乱信号,降低传感器控制精度和测量速度的问题,提出一种多级冗余强干扰下三维力传感器数据挖掘方法。根据角度标定理论采集三维力传感器冗余数据;引入相似度指数函数计算冗余因子,获取三维力传感器冗余数据活跃度,完成数据冗余分类;通过差值去噪算法高性能过滤三维力传感器冗余数据;利用谱聚类算法构建拉普拉斯矩阵,剔除冗余数据,实现三维力传感器数据自动挖掘。仿真结果表明,所提方法在多级冗余强干扰下的三维力传感器控制精度为96.54%,测量速度为0.61 ms,能量消耗为0.26 kcal。由此证明,所提方法的控制精度高、测量速度快、传输效果优,能够满足机器人辅助手术过程中的力反馈控制需求。

基于过滤冗余信息相似性的电影推荐算法

现有的基于内容相似性的推荐算法在处理文本内容时,往往忽略了词序和上下文信息的重要性,并且计算复杂度较高。因此,文章提出了一种基于过滤冗余信息相似性的启发式方法,并成功地将该方法应用于电影推荐领域,实现了更精准的推荐效果。与其他算法对比,该算法在预测1部电影时的准确率提升了0.07百分点~0.24百分点,在预测3部电影时的准确率提升了0.05百分点~0.30百分点。以该算法的召回率作为基准(设为100%),在预测1部电影时,其他算法的召回率仅为该算法的2.38%~70.24%;在预测3部电影时,其他算法的召回率仅为该算法的3.78%~84.87%。以上结果证明了该算法的有效性和可行性。

MRMR-SA-EGA-ELM的叶绿素a浓度预测模型研究

为提高叶绿素a浓度的预测精度,以南太湖区域-湖州市新塘港2020年5月至11月份的水质监测数据为原始样本数据,使用最大相关最小冗余算法(MRMR)从原始样本数据中选取效果更优的特征值,作为预测模型的输入数据,将精英遗传算法(EGA)与模拟退火算法(SA)组合优化极限学习机(ELM)网络的初始参数,最终构建MRMR-SA-EGA-ELM叶绿素a浓度预测模型。实验结果表明,MRMR-SA-EGA-ELM模型预测叶绿素a浓度的平均绝对误差(MAE)、均方误差(MSE)、决定系数(R^(2))分别为1.009、1.607、0.903,而ELM模型预测结果的MAE、MSE、R^(2)分别为2.078、8.249、0.562,MRMR-SA-EGA-ELM模型的效果得到显著提升,可实现对叶绿素a浓度的准确预测。

一种面向多工序复杂制造过程的质量软测量方法

复杂制造过程关键质量变量的精准感知,是实现系统优化控制和保障系统安全稳定运行的必要前提。考虑复杂制造过程具有生产工序众多、回路互联耦合、工序质量遗传、数据时空分布等复杂特性,使得对过程质量的精准感知面临诸多困难。在此背景下,本文提出一种考虑过程时延的基于mRMR–GA–ResNet的多工序复杂制造过程质量软测量建模方法。首先,构建了一种考虑过程变量与质量变量间时延的基于最小冗余最大相关(mRMR)和遗传算法(GA)的多传感器过程变量筛选方法,以确定最优特征子集;其次,基于各工序的最优特征子集,设计了一种3维(特征–时间–工序)样本空间表征方法,工序内部以2维(特征–时间)形式表征,将工序作为通道构建3维(特征–时间–工序)样本,通过残差网络进行时间–空间特征提取,进而通过局部–全局特征融合得到最终的质量预测值;最后,通过一个实际制造过程——浮法玻璃生产过程,进行了实验验证。结果表明:在选择特征数相同的前提下,相较于其他4种基于相关性的特征选择方法(PCC、SCC、MI、MIC),本文所提多传感器过程变量筛选方法对于模型有更好的预测性能。以残差网络作为预测模型,本文所提3维样本构造方法,相较于传统的2维样本构造方法,对于模型的预测精度有了一定的提升,均方根误差ERMS、平均绝对误差EMA、对称平均绝对百分比误差E_(SMAP)分别提升9.2%、10.8%、9.8%,验证了所提方法的有效性。

基于决策树算法的电子通信网络数据流冗余消除方法

现有的消除方法在消除数据流冗余数据时,空间缩减比例过低,导致消除效果不理想。针对这一问题,文章引入决策树算法,设计了新的电子通信网络数据流冗余消除方法。在对电子通信网络数据进行集成处理后,文章利用决策树算法,对电子通信网络数据流进行分类。然后,结合相同类别数据的相似度计算结果,文章对数据流中的冗余数据进行了迭代消除。实验表明:应用新方法后,电子通信网络数据流空间缩减比例显著提升,说明新方法的消除效果更理想。

基于冗余天线阵列和加权质心算法的光伏系统直流电弧故障定位方法

针对光伏直流电弧故障定位问题,本文通过研究故障电弧的电磁辐射特性,提出一种基于冗余天线阵列和加权质心算法的定位方法。先计算电弧燃烧时天线采集到的电磁信号的方均根值,与辐照度一起输入BP神经网络预测天线与电弧的距离;再构造冗余天线阵列研究不同天线数量和布局方式,选出接收信号最强的天线,将天线坐标和距离输入加权质心算法,获得定位结果;最后结合K均值聚类算法提高定位精度。实验结果表明,所提方法具有良好的定位能力。

基于改进海洋捕食者算法的机械臂逆解求解

针对冗余机械臂逆运动学求解较难、精度较低的问题,在已有海洋捕食者算法(marine predators algorithm,MPA)基础上,引入Tent映射初始化策略、精英反向学习策略、自适应t分布变异机制,提出了改进海洋捕食者算法(IMPA),并将其应用于冗余机械臂逆解求解中。4个典型测试函数的测试结果表明,IMPA的求解精度和计算稳定性比MPA和另一种改进MPA更优;冗余机械臂逆解求解实例结果表明,IMPA的求解速度更快,求解精度和稳定性更佳,机械臂位姿精度提高,位姿误差降低,具有一定优势。

超冗余柔性臂在狭小空间内改进RRT算法轨迹规划

为清理变电站联排变压器狭小空间内的异物,设计了一种超冗余多关节机械臂;根据机械臂的运动学特性在机器人工具箱建立了运动学模型,利用正运动学分析了万向节角度和驱动绳长,并利用蒙特卡洛法建立了机器人的工作空间;为缩短轨迹路线、减少随机树点数目,提出了基于改进后的RRT算法的轨迹规划方法,利用贪心算法进行轨迹优化,仿真结果显示路径长度减少20%且规划时间提高60%;利用多阶贝塞尔曲线进行轨迹平滑,降低轨迹路线曲率;改进后的RRT算法可以有效避障,且轨迹更为精确、曲率较小、处理速度更快,可以快速有效地完成异物清理工作。

改进YOLOv5s算法的车辆目标实时检测方法

针对城市道路车辆检测中小目标车辆漏检率高和存在异类冗余框的问题,提出一种改进YOLOv5s的车辆实时检测算法。对YOLOv5s算法网络结构进行优化,采用增加小目标检测层,将浅层特征图与深层特征图拼接后进行检测的方法,提升小目标车辆的检测率;针对异类冗余框问题,采用加权非极大值抑制融合两边框信息的方法,提升检测准确性。实验结果表明,改进YOLOv5s算法的平均检测精度(mAP@0.5∶0.95)达到64.17%,相比YOLOv5s算法,查准率、召回率分别提高1.72%、0.72%;在小目标车辆检测中,正检率提高5.95%,漏检率降低4.63%。改进YOLOv5s算法能有效改善小目标车辆的检测精度和准确率。