Validation and performance of three scoring systems for predicting primary non-function and early allograft failure after liver transplantation

Background: Primary non-function(PNF) and early allograft failure(EAF) after liver transplantation(LT) seriously affect patient outcomes. In clinical practice, effective prognostic tools for early identifying recipients at high risk of PNF and EAF were urgently needed. Recently, the Model for Early Allograft Function(MEAF), PNF score by King's College(King-PNF) and Balance-and-Risk-Lactate(BAR-Lac) score were developed to assess the risks of PNF and EAF. This study aimed to externally validate and compare the prognostic performance of these three scores for predicting PNF and EAF. Methods: A retrospective study included 720 patients with primary LT between January 2015 and December 2020. MEAF, King-PNF and BAR-Lac scores were compared using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) and the net reclassification improvement(NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement(IDI) analyses. Results: Of all 720 patients, 28(3.9%) developed PNF and 67(9.3%) developed EAF in 3 months. The overall early allograft dysfunction(EAD) rate was 39.0%. The 3-month patient mortality was 8.6% while 1-year graft-failure-free survival was 89.2%. The median MEAF, King-PNF and BAR-Lac scores were 5.0(3.5–6.3),-2.1(-2.6 to-1.2), and 5.0(2.0–11.0), respectively. For predicting PNF, MEAF and King-PNF scores had excellent area under curves(AUCs) of 0.872 and 0.891, superior to BAR-Lac(AUC = 0.830). The NRI and IDI analyses confirmed that King-PNF score had the best performance in predicting PNF while MEAF served as a better predictor of EAD. The EAF risk curve and 1-year graft-failure-free survival curve showed that King-PNF was superior to MEAF and BAR-Lac scores for stratifying the risk of EAF. Conclusions: MEAF, King-PNF and BAR-Lac were validated as practical and effective risk assessment tools of PNF. King-PNF score outperformed MEAF and BAR-Lac in predicting PNF and EAF within 6 months. BAR-Lac score had a huge advantage in the prediction for PNF without post-transplant variables. Proper use of these scores will help early identify PNF, standardize grading of EAF and reasonably select clinical endpoints in relative studies.

ICU患者置入Power PICC导管特殊异位原因分析

目的:探讨ICU患者置入Power PICC导管后头端反折向上至同侧和对侧锁骨下静脉、头臂静脉等特殊异位的相关因素。方法:回顾性分析2021年9月至2022年9月某三甲医院ICU 520例PICC置管患者,通过胸部X线确定PICC导管头端反折向上至对侧和同侧锁骨下静脉、头臂静脉的患者,分析其特殊异位发生因素。结果:胸部X线结果显示25例患者PICC管头端反折向上异位至对侧和同侧锁骨下静脉、头臂静脉或颈内静脉,异位发生率4.8%,不同静脉置管反折异位发生率相比差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论:ICU患者PICC置入发生导管头端反折向上至同侧和对侧锁骨下静脉、头臂静脉等特殊异位的发生因素较多,包括同时留置CVC或血透管、正在滴注或泵入多种药物、PICC管头端异位的隐匿性、导管材质、自身疾病及机械通气等危险因素。

Power-V诱导的钻柱黏滑振动特征分析

黏滑是石油钻井过程中影响钻井效率和井下钻柱安全的一种振动形式.垂直钻井系统Power-V在提供有效控斜力的同时,还会诱导钻柱黏滑振动.通过研究垂直钻井系统Power-V与井壁的接触作用及钻头与地层的相互作用模型,基于钻柱动力学有限元方法,深入分析Power-V的作用机理,研究其对扭转振动的影响,指出Power-V和井壁间的相互作用会导致钻柱与井壁的摩阻显著增加,进而引起摩阻扭矩的增大,诱导井下黏滑振动.实测振动数据证实,Power-V与井壁间的相互作用是引起钻柱黏滑振动的关键因素.这对于揭示黏滑振动的成因和更好地发挥Power-V的作用具有重要意义.

基于调和概率语言术语集的Power平均算子

实践发现现存概率语言Power平均算子在应用中存在概率信息丢失、计算过于繁琐等问题,针对这些问题,提出一种基于调和概率语言术语集的Power平均算子。结合新的基本运算法则与新的支撑度,给出新的概率语言Power平均算子、概率语言Power几何平均算子、概率语言Power加权平均算子、概率语言Power加权几何平均算子,同时论证分析了这几类新型算子的性质。最后通过实验数据,将提出的算子与现存算子进行对比分析,验证了所提算子的有效性与可行性。

Power BI在我院药品数据可视化中的应用

目的加强医院药品精细化管理,提升药师对药品的数据分析能力,实现数据分析自动化及查询功能,为集采药品、麻精药品的动态监管提供数据支撑。方法使用数据可视化工具Power BI搭建服务,制作报表,能够查询药品使用情况和对比情况,实现各科室药品使用情况的可视化管理。结果通过该软件,药师可以精确查询任意时间维度下药品的使用数量、金额等情况,实现数据分析自动化。结论借助数据管理工具能够帮助药师提升数据分析能力和工作效率,有助于加强医院药品的精细化管控。

Carbon emission reduction:Contribution of photovoltaic power and practice in China

As a clean and renewable form of energy,photovoltaic(PV)power generation converts solar energy into electrical energy,reducing the consumption of fossil fuels and significantly lowering greenhouse gas emissions.Amidst the global transition towards cleaner forms of energy,countries all around the world are vigorously developing PV technology.

Traction power systems for electrified railways:evolution,state of the art,and future trends

Traction power systems(TPSs)play a vital role in the operation of electrified railways.The transformation of conventional railway TPSs to novel structures is not only a trend to promote the development of electrified railways toward high-efficiency and resilience but also an inevitable requirement to achieve carbon neutrality target.On the basis of sorting out the power supply structures of conventional AC and DC modes,this paper first reviews the characteristics of the existing TPSs,such as weak power supply flexibility and low-energy efficiency.Furthermore,the power supply structures of various TPSs for future electrified railways are described in detail,which satisfy longer distance,low-carbon,high-efficiency,high-reliability and high-quality power supply requirements.Meanwhile,the application prospects of different traction modes are discussed from both technical and economic aspects.Eventually,this paper introduces the research progress of mixed-system electrified railways and traction power supply technologies without catenary system,speculates on the future development trends and challenges of TPSs and predicts that TPSs will be based on the continuous power supply mode,employing power electronic equipment and intelligent information technology to construct a railway comprehensive energy system with renewable energy.

基于Power BI的DRGs数据分析方法

目的:探讨利用Power BI工具对DRGs数据进行有效分析,揭示潜在的数据特征和规律。方法:运用Power BI工具对2017年―2021年DRGs数据进行数据连接、数据清洗和处理等操作,提取和计算相关DRGs评价指标,最后通过可视化展示的方式对DRGs数据进行分析和呈现,从不同维度和角度深入研究DRGs数据特征和规律。结果:通过对2017年―2021年DRGs数据处理和可视化展示,能直观了解出院患者疾病构成、医疗资源利用、临床质量评估和医疗成本效益等总体情况,为提高医疗服务质量和资源利用效率等提供可行的解决方案。结论:基于Power BI的DRGs数据分析方法能够有效地帮助医院进行医疗费用控制和资源配置,并提高医疗服务的质量和效率。此方法为优化DRGs数据管理和医疗资源配置提供了重要的参考和借鉴价值。

Power BI在移民信息管理中的应用研究

信息技术的应用是提高水利工程移民信息化水平的重要手段,针对现有移民信息管理系统灵活性和通用性低的问题,分析了微软Power BI系列软件实现移民信息管理的可行性。以山东省老岚水库移民项目为例,使用该软件依次快捷完成移民信息的收集、整理和分析工作,并设计出交互式可视化界面,从多个维度展示和查询各类移民信息以及实现移民数据的多端实时共享。研究表明:运用Power BI系列软件虽然在结合地理信息方面仍存在不足,但能够以较低的使用难度和投入成本完成移民信息管理及可视化工作,提高工作效率。验证了其在移民信息管理方面的实用性和适用性,具备一定的推广价值。

Field test of high-power microwave-assisted mechanical excavation for deep hard iron ore

Microwave-assisted mechanical excavation has great application prospects in mines and tunnels,but there are few field experiments on microwave-assisted rock breaking.This paper takes the Sishanling iron mine as the research object and adopts the self-developed high-power microwave-induced fracturing test system for hard rock to conduct field experiments of microwave-induced fracturing of iron ore.The heating and reflection evolution characteristics of ore under different microwave parameters(antenna type,power,and working distance)were studied,and the optimal microwave parameters were obtained.Subsequently,the ore was irradiated with the optimal microwave parameters,and the cracking effect of the ore under the action of the high-power open microwave was analyzed.The results show that the reflection coefficient(standing wave ratio)can be rapidly(<5 s)and automatically adjusted below the preset threshold value(1.6)as microwave irradiation is performed.When using a right-angle horn antenna with a working distance of 5 cm,the effect of automatic reflection adjustment reaches the best among other antenna types and working distances.When the working distance is the same,the average temperature of the irradiation surface and the area of the high-temperature area under the action of the two antennas(right-angled and equal-angled horn antenna)are basically the same and decrease with the increase of working distance.The optimal microwave parameters are:a right-angle horn antenna with a working distance of 5 cm.Subsequently,in further experiments,the optimal parameters were used to irradiate for 20 s and 40 s at a microwave power of 60 kW,respectively.The surface damage extended 38 cm×30 cm and 53 cm×30 cm,respectively,and the damage extended to a depth of about 50 cm.The drilling speed was increased by 56.2%and 66.5%,respectively,compared to the case when microwaves were not used.

A Novel Multiple DBC-staked units Package to Parallel More Chips for SiC Power Module

Silicon carbide(SiC) power modules play an essential role in the electric vehicle drive system. To improve their performance, reduce their size, and increase production efficiency, this paper proposes a multiple staked direct bonded copper(DBC) unit based power module packaging method to parallel more chips. This method utilizes mutual inductance cancellation effect to reduce parasitic inductance. Because the conduction area in the new package is doubled, the overall area of power module can be reduced. Entire power module is divided into smaller units to enhance manufacture yield, and improve design freedom. This paper provides a detailed design, analysis and fabrication procedure for the proposed package structure. Additionally, this paper offers several feasible solutions for the connection between power terminals and DBC untis. With the structure, 18dies were paralleled for each phase-leg in a econodual size power module. Both simulation and double pulse test results demonstrate that, compared to conventional layouts, the proposed package method has 74.8% smaller parasitic inductance and 34.9% lower footprint.

Demonstration of a small‐scale power generator using supercritical CO_(2)

The supercritical CO_(2)(sCO_(2))power cycle could improve efficiencies for a wide range of thermal power plants.The sCO_(2)turbine generator plays an important role in the sCO_(2)power cycle by directly converting thermal energy into mechanical work and electric power.The operation of the generator encounters challenges,including high temperature,high pressure,high rotational speed,and other engineering problems,such as leakage.Experimental studies of sCO_(2)turbines are insufficient because of the significant difficulties in turbine manufacturing and system construction.Unlike most experimental investigations that primarily focus on 100 kW‐or MW‐scale power generation systems,we consider,for the first time,a small‐scale power generator using sCO_(2).A partial admission axial turbine was designed and manufactured with a rated rotational speed of 40,000 rpm,and a CO_(2)transcritical power cycle test loop was constructed to validate the performance of our manufactured generator.A resistant gas was proposed in the constructed turbine expander to solve the leakage issue.Both dynamic and steady performances were investigated.The results indicated that a peak electric power of 11.55 kW was achieved at 29,369 rpm.The maximum total efficiency of the turbo‐generator was 58.98%,which was affected by both the turbine rotational speed and pressure ratio,according to the proposed performance map.

基于Power BI的三级公立医院绩效考核病案首页指标数据分析与可视化展示

目的在三级公立医院绩效考核背景下,探寻一种基于Power BI的数据统计分析及可视化展示方法,提高医院统计人员数据统计及分析效率。通过可视化助力日常指标监测,推动医疗管理的效率和质量提升,辅助管理决策。方法提取某三甲医院2022年1月1日至2023年6月30日的病案首页数据,根据三级公立医院绩效考核病案首页指标数据统计口径,建立基于Power BI的三级公立医院绩效考核病案首页指标数据查询系统,进行数据分析及可视化展示。结果基于Power BI的三级公立医院绩效考核病案首页指标数据查询系统可快速查询多维度、多场景的指标数据,具有实用性及易操作性。结论Power BI可作为医院统计工作人员进行数据分析及可视化展示的工具,值得推广使用。医院统计工作人员可结合本研究将Power BI运用于实际工作中,提高工作效率,助力日常统计工作。

A frequency servo SoC with output power stabilization loop technology for miniaturized atomic clocks

A frequency servo system-on-chip(FS-SoC)featuring output power stabilization technology is introduced in this study for high-precision and miniaturized cesium(Cs)atomic clocks.The proposed power stabilization loop(PSL)technique,incorporating an off-chip power detector(PD),ensures that the output power of the FS-SoC remains stable,mitigating the impact of power fluctuations on the atomic clock's stability.Additionally,a one-pulse-per-second(1PPS)is employed to syn-chronize the clock with GPS.Fabricated using 65 nm CMOS technology,the measured phase noise of the FS-SoC stands at-69.5 dBc/Hz@100 Hz offset and-83.9 dBc/Hz@1 kHz offset,accompanied by a power dissipation of 19.7 mW.The Cs atomic clock employing the proposed FS-SoC and PSL obtains an Allan deviation of 1.7×10^(-11) with 1-s averaging time.

Effect of bubble morphology and behavior on power consumption in non-Newtonian fluids’aeration process

Due to a prolonged operation time and low mass transfer efficiency, the primary challenge in the aeration process of non-Newtonian fluids is the high energy consumption, which is closely related to the form and rate of impeller, ventilation, rheological properties and bubble morphology in the reactor. In this perspective, through optimal computational fluid dynamics models and experiments, the relationship between power consumption, volumetric mass transfer rate(kLa) and initial bubble size(d0) was constructed to establish an efficient operation mode for the aeration process of non-Newtonian fluids. It was found that reducing the d0could significantly increase the oxygen mass transfer rate, resulting in an obvious decrease in the ventilation volume and impeller speed. When d0was regulated within 2-5 mm,an optimal kLa could be achieved, and 21% of power consumption could be saved, compared to the case of bubbles with a diameter of 10 mm.

11.2 W/mm power density AlGaN/GaN high electron-mobility transistors on a GaN substrate

In this letter,high power density AlGaN/GaN high electron-mobility transistors(HEMTs)on a freestanding GaN substrate are reported.An asymmetricΓ-shaped 500-nm gate with a field plate of 650 nm is introduced to improve microwave power performance.The breakdown voltage(BV)is increased to more than 200 V for the fabricated device with gate-to-source and gate-to-drain distances of 1.08 and 2.92μm.A record continuous-wave power density of 11.2 W/mm@10 GHz is realized with a drain bias of 70 V.The maximum oscillation frequency(f_(max))and unity current gain cut-off frequency(f_(t))of the AlGaN/GaN HEMTs exceed 30 and 20 GHz,respectively.The results demonstrate the potential of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs on freestanding GaN substrates for microwave power applications.

Multi-objective optimization and evaluation of supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle for nuclear power generation

The supercritical CO_(2) Brayton cycle is considered a promising energy conversion system for Generation IV reactors for its simple layout,compact structure,and high cycle efficiency.Mathematical models of four Brayton cycle layouts are developed in this study for different reactors to reduce the cost and increase the thermohydraulic performance of nuclear power generation to promote the commercialization of nuclear energy.Parametric analysis,multi-objective optimizations,and four decision-making methods are applied to obtain each Brayton scheme’s optimal thermohydraulic and economic indexes.Results show that for the same design thermal power scale of reactors,the higher the core’s exit temperature,the better the Brayton cycle’s thermo-economic performance.Among the four-cycle layouts,the recompression cycle(RC)has the best overall performance,followed by the simple recuperation cycle(SR)and the intercooling cycle(IC),and the worst is the reheating cycle(RH).However,RH has the lowest total cost of investment(C_(tot))of$1619.85 million,and IC has the lowest levelized cost of energy(LCOE)of 0.012$/(kWh).The nuclear Brayton cycle system’s overall performance has been improved due to optimization.The performance of the molten salt reactor combined with the intercooling cycle(MSR-IC)scheme has the greatest improvement,with the net output power(W_(net)),thermal efficiencyη_(t),and exergy efficiency(η_(e))improved by 8.58%,8.58%,and 11.21%,respectively.The performance of the lead-cooled fast reactor combined with the simple recuperation cycle scheme was optimized to increase C_(tot) by 27.78%.In comparison,the internal rate of return(IRR)increased by only 7.8%,which is not friendly to investors with limited funds.For the nuclear Brayton cycle,the molten salt reactor combined with the recompression cycle scheme should receive priority,and the gas-cooled fast reactor combined with the reheating cycle scheme should be considered carefully.

基于Power BI的螺栓拧紧数据智能管理系统

为保证整车装配的安全和质量,需要采用大量带监控拧紧工具完成整车零部件的装配工作,并借助拧紧数据完成拧紧工作的日常管理。然而,该过程产生的数据量庞大,传统方式采用人工统计分析拧紧数据,存在统计效率低下、数据处理工作繁琐、可视化效果不佳等问题。为了解决该问题,文章基于智能分析软件Power BI对拧紧数据进行建模处理,并搭建螺栓拧紧数据智能管理系统,实现拧紧数据的自动化管理和分析。该系统包含了海量拧紧数据的自动加载、自动统计和自动生成可视化报表等功能,业务人员可以随时访问系统查询报表,大幅提升了现场拧紧管理的工作效率。

基于Power BI的医院智能化运营管理平台构建研究

本文以H医院为例,探讨基于Power BI的智能化运营管理平台构建。H医院引入Power BI构建集成运营管理平台,整合病案首页、临床路径和Drg费用管理等关键业务功能,提供战略层、经营层和业务层可视化报告以支持用户做出更精准的管理与决策。实例表明,智能化运营管理平台的构建解决了传统运营管理的难点,成为医院提升运营效益和服务质量的有利工具,展现信息化建设在推动医院管理现代化方面的巨大潜力和价值。

Computing Power Network:A Survey

With the rapid development of cloud computing,edge computing,and smart devices,computing power resources indicate a trend of ubiquitous deployment.The traditional network architecture cannot efficiently leverage these distributed computing power resources due to computing power island effect.To overcome these problems and improve network efficiency,a new network computing paradigm is proposed,i.e.,Computing Power Network(CPN).Computing power network can connect ubiquitous and heterogenous computing power resources through networking to realize computing power scheduling flexibly.In this survey,we make an exhaustive review on the state-of-the-art research efforts on computing power network.We first give an overview of computing power network,including definition,architecture,and advantages.Next,a comprehensive elaboration of issues on computing power modeling,information awareness and announcement,resource allocation,network forwarding,computing power transaction platform and resource orchestration platform is presented.The computing power network testbed is built and evaluated.The applications and use cases in computing power network are discussed.Then,the key enabling technologies for computing power network are introduced.Finally,open challenges and future research directions are presented as well.