Analysis and Evaluation of Biochemical Components in Bitter Tea Plant Germplasms

Bitter tea is a special kind of tea germplasm in China.The major biochemical components of 24 bitter teas and other 8 Camellia sinensis var.sinensis and 8 C.sinensis var.assamica tea germplasms,which were stored in the China National Germplasm Hangzhou Tea Repository(CNGHTR),were analyzed and evaluated.The results showed that no significant differences of major biochemical components affecting the tea quality were found between bitter tea and common tea.According to the processing suitability index,bitter tea was suitable for the manufacturing of black tea;while according to evolutionary indices such as the composition and content of catechin,bitter tea was similar to C.sinensis var.assamica belonging to the relatively primitive type in evolution.The results of cluster analysis indicated that bitter tea was clustered with C.sinensis var.assamica,so it could be considered to belong to C.sinensis var.assamica.

Genetics of biochemical attributes regulating morpho-physiology of upland cotton under high temperature conditions

Background Cotton is a strategically important fibre crop for global textile industry.It profoundly impacts several countries’industrial and agricultural sectors.Sustainable cotton production is continuously threatened by the unpre-dictable changes in climate,specifically high temperatures.Breeding heat-tolerant,high-yielding cotton cultivars with wide adaptability to be grown in the regions with rising temperatures is one of the primary objectives of modern cotton breeding programmes.Therefore,the main objective of the current study is to figure out the effective breed-ing approach to imparting heat tolerance as well as the judicious utilization of commercially significant and stress-tolerant attributes in cotton breeding.Initially,the two most notable heat-susceptible(FH-115 and NIAB Kiran)and tolerant(IUB-13 and GH-Mubarak)cotton cultivars were spotted to develop filial and backcross populations to accom-plish the preceding study objectives.The heat tolerant cultivars were screened on the basis of various morphological(seed cotton yield per plant,ginning turnout percentage),physiological(pollen viability,cell membrane thermostabil-ity)and biochemical(peroxidase activity,proline content,hydrogen peroxide content)parameters.Results The results clearly exhibited that heat stress consequently had a detrimental impact on every studied plant trait,as revealed by the ability of crossing and their backcross populations to tolerate high temperatures.However,when considering overall yield,biochemical,and physiological traits,the IUB-13×FH-115 cross went over particularly well at both normal and high temperature conditions.Moreover,overall seed cotton yield per plant exhibited a posi-tive correlation with both pollen viability and antioxidant levels(POD activity and proline content).Conclusions Selection from segregation population and criteria involving pollen viability and antioxidant levels concluded to be an effective strategy for the screening of heat-tolerant cotton germplasms.Therefore,understanding acquired from this study can assist breeders identifying traits that should be prioritized in order to develop climate resilient cotton cultivars.

The Possible Role Serum Biochemical Analysis Can Play in Predicting an Infant’s Risk of Retinopathy of Prematurity;Elevated Serum Magnesium

Purpose: We evaluated biochemical analysis results with the aim of discovering serum levels that have possible effects on the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted between January 2017 and January 2018 on a total of 110 infants with 35 or less gestational weeks. The sample included 78 infants who had been diagnosed with different stages of ROP and 32 infants without ROP. Results from routine serum biochemical analyses, performed at birth and at one month after birth, were evaluated. The Independent Sample t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were performed to compare the data. Results: The infants with ROP were born at a mean of 28.0 (±2.1) weeks of gestation, weighing a mean of 1066 (±314) g, and the mean duration of stay in the incubator was 38.2 (±19) days. The infants without ROP were born at a mean of 29.6 (±2.6) weeks of gestation, weighing a mean of 1265 (±372) g. 59 infants (53.6%) were females, and 51 (46.4%) were males. Between infants with and without ROP, differences in the following levels were not statistically significant: glucose, blood urine nitrogen, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, total protein, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, uric acid, and phosphorus. Serum magnesium (Mg) levels at birth in infants with ROP were significantly higher than infants without ROP (p = 0.014). Conclusions: Serum Mg levels at birth were found to be higher in infants with ROP than in those without ROP. The levels may be dependent on the mothers’ treatment of Mg for different medical reasons.

Feeding Study with Bt Corn (MON810: Ajeeb YG) on Rats: Biochemical Analysis and Liver Histopathology

Bt corn “MON810: Ajeeb YG” produces delta endotoxins in the whole plant due to the genetic modification process. The chemical analysis of this variety showed significant differences from its conventional counterpart “Ajeeb”. Further, feeding studies on rats were designed to complete assessing the safety of “MON810: Ajeeb YG”. Three groups of rats (6 males and 6 females’ rats/group) were fed on control diet, non-Bt corn and Bt corn for 1.5 months and 3 months. After 1.5 months, 3 males and 3 females from each group were sacrificed, and after another 1.5 months, 3 males and 3 females from each group and their offspring were sacrificed. Histopathological examination, blood haematology and serum biochemical analysis were determined. Results indicated significant differences among the tested parameters in the three groups especially Bt group. Severe changes in the liver of Bt group after 3 months were observed.

Analysis of Differences in Biochemical Components Between Yunnan and Kenya Tea Tree Varieties

With 16 Yunnan tea tree varieties and 5 Kenya tea tree varieties as test materials,the differences in biochemical components between Yunnan and Kenya tea tree varieties were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the coefficients of variation of tea polyphenols,amino acids,caffeine,water extract,gallic acid(GA),catechin(C),epicatechin(EC),epicatechin gallate(ECG),epigallocatechin(EGC),epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG)and total catechins in Yunnan tea tree varieties were greater than those in Kenyan tea trees.The contents of tea polyphenols,amino acids,caffeine,water extract,C,EC,EGC,EGCG and total catechins in Yunnan tea tree varieties had no significant differences from those in Kenyan tea trees varieties(P>0.05),while there were significant differences in the contents of GA and ECG between Yunnan tea tree varieties and Kenya tea tree varieties(P<0.05).Therefore,it could be predicted that GA and ECG might be one of the main characteristics of the differences in biochemical components between Yunnan tea tree varieties and Kenyan tea tree varieties.The cluster analysis results showed that when the genetic distance was 15,the 21 tested tea varieties could be divided into three groups with obvious biochemical differences.

Non-invasive biomarkers for monitoring the fibrogenic process in liver:A short survey

The clinical course ofchronic liver diseases is significantly dependent on the progression rate and the extent offibrosis, i.e. the non-structured replacement of necrotic parenchyma by extracellular matrix. Fibrogenesis, i.e. the development offibrosis can be regarded as an unlimited wound healing process, which is based on matrix (connective tissue) synthesis in activated hepatic stellate cells, fibroblasts (fibrocytes), hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells, which are converted to matrix-producing (myo-)fibroblasts by a process defined as epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Blood (noninvasive) biomarkers offibrogenesis and fibrosis can be divided into class and class analytes. Class biomarkers are those single tests, which are based on the pathophysiology offibrosis, whereas class biomarkers aremostly multiparametric algorithms, which have been statistically evaluated with regard to the detection and activity ofongoing fibrosis. Currently available markers fulfil the criteria ofideal clinical-chemical tests only partially, but increased understanding ofthe complex pathogenesis offibrosis offers additional ways for pathophysiologically well based serum (plasma) biomarkers. They include TGF-β-driven marker proteins, bone marrow-derived cells (fibrocytes), and cytokines, which govern proand anti-fibrotic activities. Proteomic and glycomic approaches ofserum are under investigation to set up specific protein or carbohydrate profiles in patients with liver fibrosis. These and other novel parameters will supplement or eventually replaceliver biopsy/histology, high resolution imaging analysis, and elastography for the detection and monitoring of patients at risk ofdeveloping liver fibrosis.

Reducing Stochastic Discrete Models of Biochemical Networks

Biochemical systems have numerous practical applications, in particular to the study of critical intracellular processes. Frequently, biochemical kinetic models depict cellular processes as systems of chemical reactions. Many biological processes in a cell are inherently stochastic, due to the existence of some low molecular amounts. These stochastic fluctuations may have a great effect on the biochemical system’s behaviour. In such cases, stochastic models are necessary to accurately describe the system’s dynamics. Biochemical systems at the cellular level may entail many species or reactions and their mathematical models may be non-linear and with multiple scales in time. In this work, we provide a numerical technique for simplifying stochastic discrete models of well-stirred biochemical systems, which ensures that the main properties of the original system are preserved. The proposed technique employs sensitivity analysis and requires solving an optimization problem. The numerical tests on several models of practical interest show that our model reduction strategy performs very well.

Biochemical composition and photosynthetic activity of Pongamia pinnata（L.） Pierre in response to acute 60Co γ-irradiation

To elucidate the potential and sensitivity of cirradiation in Pongamia pinnata,the present study has been done by irradiating the air-dried seeds to differentγ-irradiation doses(100 Gy,200 Gy,400 Gy and 600 Gy),using 60Co source.Significant increase(p≤0.05)in the germination,growth,and vigor was recorded under the100 Gy treatment than the control set.The chlorophylla and total chlorophyll content(mgg-1 FW)in the leaves of P.pinnata showed a significant decrease under the higher irradiation treatments(200 Gy,400 Gy and 600 Gy).In contrast,chlorophyllb showed a radio-resistance up to 200 Gy dose,and above which its concentration declined significantly(p≤0.05).Photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration,and transpiration rate were stimulated by 100 Gy irradiation treatment and the higher doses inhibited these parameters.Antioxidant activity in the leaves of P.pinnata tended to increase after irradiation in a dose-dependent manner.All the plants under different treatments ofγ-irradiation showed stimulation in production of proline,flavonoid,and phenolic content in comparision to the control.The findings of the present study showed thatγ-irradiation treatment stimulates the secondary metabolite production(proline,flavonoid and phenolic)and favours faster growth of P.pinnata.

Changes of hepatic biochemical parameters and proteomics in broilers with cold-induced ascites

Ascites syndrome is still a problem for chicken industry in various parts of the world. Despite the intensive investigations of this syndrome for many years, its pathogenesis remains unclear. The objective of this study was to analyze the difference in hepatic proteomics between ascites and healthy broilers by two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE） and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-MS）. Changes of biochemical parameters of liver and blood were also determined. The results indicated that red blood cell counts （RBC）, hematocrit （HCT） and haemoglobin （HGB） of ascites broilers were significantly greater than healthy broilers. Hepatic malondialdehyde （MDA） level of ascites broilers was significantly increased, and the activity of total superoxide dismutase （T-SOD） was significantly decreased. Hepatic lactic acid （LD） level of ascitic broilers were significantly lower than healthy ones, Serum glucose and cholesterol level of ascites broilers were significantly increased, and serum globulin level was significantly decreased in ascites broilers. There was no significant difference in triglyceride （TG） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） level. The activity of liver hexokinase （HK） and succinodehydrogenase （SDH） in ascites broilers was significantly decreased, and there was no significant difference in the activity of liver pyruvate kinase （PK） and Na＋-K＋-ATPase. The hepatic proteomics analysis showed that 18 proteins expression difference were identified between ascites and healthy broilers. These proteins were mainly involved in： 1） cytoskeleton; 2） glucose, lipids and amino acid metabolism; 3） cell secretion; 4） cell apoptosis; 5） signal transduction; 6） immune and inflammatory response; and 7） cellular redox homeostasis. Mitochondrial isoform phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase （M-PEPCK） mainly participates in gluconeogenesis of chicken liver. In conclusion, liver oxidative damage was significantly aggravated, but antioxidant capacity was decreased in cold-induced ascites broilers. Serum glucose level was significantly increased, with liver M-PEPCK expression higher in ascites broilers, which implied that some potential regulatory reagents may reduce ascites susceptibility and mortality under cold temperature by increasing liver gluconeogenesis level.

Development and Biochemical Composition Assessment of Fish Powders from Bangladeshi Indigenous Fish Species and Shelf-Life Characteristics Evaluation During 90 Days of Room Temperature (27&deg;C - 30&deg;C) Storage

In Bangladesh, Fish is a major source of daily protein intake of millions of people but most of the fishes are consumed here as fresh fish which is highly susceptible to damage during transportation and marketing. Therefore, an innovative approach was undertaken to process the fish to avoid damage and extend shelf-life while preserving the nutritional qualities to facilitate the more efficient use of fish as a source of protein and other essential nutrients. This study was conducted to develop some dried protein-enriched fish powders from some commonly consumed fish species in Bangladesh and the nutritional, sensorial, and safety qualities were assessed. Five indigenous abundant fish species including small indigenous fish (SIS) and carp fishes namely Awaous grammepomus, Channa punctata, Puntius puntio, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Labeo rohita were used for the preparation of dried protein-enriched fish powders. Biochemical, trace elements, sensorial, total viable count (TVC), pH, peroxide value, and moisture reconstitution during 90 days storage period were performed by standard analytical methods. The moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrate (including fiber), and energy contents were ranged from (6.84% to 8.85%), (70.80% to 75.80%), (5.85% to 8.04%), (7.66% to 9.19%), (3.14% to 6.01%) and (367.50% to 379.61% kcal)/100g respectively. Highest content of protein was found in A. grammepomus (75.80%) samples and the lowest in H. molitrix (70.80%) samples. Maximum calcium content was found in sample L. rohita (2.54 g/kg) and minimum in C. punctate as (2.43 g/kg). Maximum iron content was found in H. molitrix (0.15 g/kg) and minimum in A. grammepomus. As for the phosphorous content the L. rohita samples contained the highest (1.4 g/kg) and the lowest in C. punctate (0.73 g/kg) samples. The pH, peroxide value (mEq of O2/kg of fat), and moisture reconstitution (g/100g) during 90 days were ranged from (5.30 to 8.17), (8.60 to 16.77), and (6.84 to 13.83) respectively. Microbial loads over the 90 days period were in acceptable range at the end of 90 days storage period. On the basis of biochemical qualities, sensorial and microbial attributes our findings suggest that the dried fish powders are enriched with macro and micro-nutrients especially proteins and could safely be used at least up to 3 months for food applications.

Effects of Biochemical and Molecular Inhibitors of Plant Extracts on Pathogenic Bacteria

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of the green alga Ulva lactuca and medicinal plant Nigella sativa extract on the activity of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The bacteria were incubated with the crude extracts and extracellular free potassium and phosphorus ions were measured in the medium. The levels of potassium and phosphorous were the maximum in the medium of S. aureus treated with N. sativa extract. The medium of P. aeruginosa incubated with U. lactuca extract was found to have the lowest phosphorous and the greatest potassium levels. The highest activity against P. aeruginosa was noticed with U. lactuca extract, where it caused reduction in the dry weight and glucose consumption of bacteria estimated by 28.41% and 41.09%, respectively. The antibacterial activity of N. sativa extract was the greatest against S. aureus and recorded 32.59% and 39.96% reduction in the bacterial dry weight and glucose uptake, respectively. Scanning Electron Microscopy study showed morphological changes in the cell wall of treated bacteria. The treatment of bacteria with the tested extract induced gene mutations. The results assessed the possible application of U. lactuca and N. sativa as a source of pharmacological benefits.

Discrepancy between non-invasive prenatal testing result and fetal karyotype caused by rare confined placental mosaicism: A case report

BACKGROUND Confined placental mosaicism(CPM)is one of the major reasons for discrepancies between the results of non-invasive prenatal testing(NIPT)and fetal karyotype analysis.CASE SUMMARY We encountered a primiparous singleton pregnant woman with a rare CPM consisting of 47,XY,+21;47,XXY;and 46,XY,who obtained a false-positive result on NIPT with a high risk for trisomy 21.Copy-number variation sequencing on amniotic fluid cells,fetal tissue,and placental biopsies showed that the fetal karyotype was 47,XXY,while the placenta was a rare mosaic of 47,XY,+21;47,XXY;and 46,XY.CONCLUSION The patient had a rare CPM consisting of 47,XY,+21;47,XXY;and 46,XY,which caused a discrepancy between the result of NIPT and the actual fetal karyotype.It is important to remember that NIPT is a screening test,not a diagnostic test.Any positive result should be confirmed with invasive testing,and routine ultrasound examination is still necessary after a negative result.

Effective Finite-Difference Techniques for Estimating Sensitivities for Stochastic Biochemical Systems

Cellular environments are in essence stochastic, owing to the random character of the biochemical reaction events in a single cell. Stochastic fluctuations may substantially contribute to the dynamics of systems with small copy numbers of some biochemical species. Then, stochastic models are indispensable for properly portraying the behaviour of the system. Sensitivity analysis is one of the central tools for studying stochastic models of cellular dynamics. Here, we propose some finite-difference strategies for estimating parametric sensitivities of higher-order moments of the system state for stochastic discrete biochemical kinetic models. To reduce the variance of the sensitivity estimator, we employ various coupling techniques. The advantages of the proposed methods are illustrated in several models of biochemical systems of practical relevance.

Discrimination of TCM constitutions by biochemical and routine urine indexes

Objective:To investigate whether the specific traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution of individuals can be defined by certain biological indexes instead of answering the questionnaire,and to explore the possibility of discriminating nine TCM constitutions from each other simultaneously using biological indexes.Methods:Blood and urine samples from 152 individuals with nine TCM constitutions were collected,and the related biological indexes were analyzed combining ANOVA,multiple comparison,discriminant analysis,and support vector machine.Results:We found that 4 out of 24 blood routine indexes,7 out of 10 urine routine indexes,and 12 out of 32 biochemical indexes showed differences among the constitutions.High-sensitivity C-reactive protein,apolipoprotein A1,and alkaline phosphatase were potential candidates for screening out individuals with unbalanced constitutions.Combining uric acid,high-density lipoprotein,apolipoprotein A1,creatine kinase,total protein,aspartate aminotransferase,total bile acid,dehydrogenase,sodium,and calcium levels had the potential to directly distinguish the nine TCM constitutions from each other.Among these indexes,the highest ratio of discriminant analysis between two constitutions was 95.5%,while the lowest was 66.1%.Conclusion:Our results suggest that some biochemical and urine indexes are related to various TCM constitutions,and thus they have the potential to be used for TCM constitution classification.

2018—2022年“干旱胁迫对植物的影响研究”可视化分析

【目的】深入了解植物干旱胁迫领域的研究现状、研究热点及未来发展趋势,对我国2018-2022年植物干旱胁迫研究进行文献计量和可视化分析。【方法】利用Citespace和VOSviewer软件,以2018-2022年发表在中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WOS)数据库的植物干旱胁迫研究文献为研究对象,分析我国2018-2022年干旱胁迫对植物生长、生理和基因表达的影响研究热点与趋势。【结果】国内干旱胁迫对植物影响的研究热点主要集中在“干旱胁迫对植物外在形态和叶片内部结构的影响”“干旱胁迫对植物光合特性的影响”“干旱胁迫对植物渗透调节物质和抗氧化酶的影响”及“干旱胁迫对植物基因表达的影响”4个方面。该领域研究重点主要包括干旱或干旱与盐复合胁迫对植物生理生化和抗旱基因的鉴定与转移。其中知网文献的关键词为“耐盐性”“苗期”和“抗旱鉴定”;WOS文献的关键词则是“抗坏血酸过氧化物酶”“水分利用”和“异位表达”。【结论】纳米材料在缓解植物干旱胁迫中的作用、多组学联合分析(基因组、转录组、蛋白组、代谢组)以及转基因、基因编辑、基因沉默等技术在提升植物抗旱性中的综合应用将成为未来研究热点。

大量输血后患者相关生化指标的变化及临床价值

目的讨论大量输血对患者各项生化指标的影响。方法选择需接受输血治疗的患者100例,根据输血量不同分为对照组(输血量≤2000 ml)与观察组(输血量>2000 ml),各50例。观察患者输血前后凝血功能指标[血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)]、血气分析指标(动脉血pH、血乳酸、碱剩余)、血清电解质水平[钠离子(Na^(+))、钾离子(K^(+))、氯离子(Cl^(-))、钙离子(Ca^(2+))]、生化指标[直接胆红素(DBil)、总胆红素(TBil)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、丙谷转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)]水平。结果观察组输血后PT、APTT、TT、FIB分别为(24.12±6.63)s、(24.94±6.81)s、(27.01±5.42)s、(1.63±0.61)g/L,对照组输血后PT、APTT、TT、FIB分别为(16.80±3.31)s、(37.41±13.89)s、(17.11±2.01)s、(2.76±1.38)g/L;观察组患者输血后PT、TT长于本组输血前及对照组输血后,APTT短于本组输血前及对照组输血后,FIB低于本组输血前及对照组输血后,存在明显差异(P<0.05)。观察组输血后动脉血pH、血乳酸低于本组输血前及对照组输血后,碱剩余高于本组输血前及对照组输血后,存在明显差异(P<0.05)。观察组输血后Na^(+)、K^(+)、Cl^(-)水平均高于2^(+)本组输血前及对照组输血后,Ca显著低于本组输血前及对照组输血后,存在明显差异(P<0.05)。观察组输血后DBil、TBil、LDH、ALT、AST均显著高于本组输血前及对照组输血后,存在明显差异(P<0.05)。对照组输血前后PT、APTT、TT、FIB、动脉血pH、血乳酸、碱剩余、Na^(+)、K^(+)、Cl^(-)、Ca^(2+)、DBil、TBil、LDH、ALT、AST比较,未见显著差异(P>0.05)。结论大量输血尽管对挽救患者生命及促进后续治疗具有积极作用,但将导致患者凝血功能、血气分析、生化指标及血清电解质水平发生明显变化,输血前后均应做好患者各项生化指标的监测与比较工作,在保障治疗效果的基础上进一步提升临床输血的安全性。

可穿戴式汗液传感器在运动监测中的研究进展

可穿戴式汗液传感器可以解决运动监测中送检周期长、汗液收集分析程序繁杂、难以连续监测等难题。能够在不同的运动环境中对运动员的汗液进行实时监测,可动态了解运动员身体机能和训练效果。依据技术原理将可穿戴式汗液传感器进行了分类,梳理分析了可穿戴式汗液传感器在运动监测中的研究进展,讨论了在运动监测应用中面临的挑战,展望了未来在运动监测领域的发展的方向。具有高灵敏度、多功能集成、快速响应等功能的可穿戴式汗液传感器在运动监测领域具有广阔的应用前景。

Bio-analysis of Saliva Using Paper Devices and Colorimetric Assays

In light of the evolving nature of various diseases,time becomes a crucial factor in diagnosis and identifying the underlying causes.A point-of-care device provides a rapid diagnosis of a disease without using complex and advanced instruments,which are costly and difficult to transport.A paper-based device is a relatively frugal solution wherein the paper is used as a substratum in which the reactions are carried out.These methods are non-invasive,and the sample collection is relatively easy.Saliva is one such body fluid in which various biomarkers are present for numerous diseases.Bioanalysis of saliva has attracted more attention recently due to its non-invasiveness and robustness.Exploiting the discovery of clinical biomarkers from salivary analysis has the potential to revolutionize the healthcare sector by providing crucial information to monitor the health status of individuals and disease progression which enables personalized treatment.This review provides the limitation of the traditional methods in clinical applications and highlights the significance of saliva as a non-invasive biological fluid that is a source of multiple biomarkers associated with various diseases.It also provides insights into the different paper-based colorimetric microfluidic devices developed against salivary biomarkers in the past decade.The major challenges in the point-of-care application and the future prospects have been discussed as well.Further,we also emphasize the importance of this approach in dental disease diagnosis which is least explored and holds potential applications.

基于系统生物学方法筛选癫痫潜在风险基因

目的利用生物信息学方法综合分析癫痫相关基因,从网络和通路的角度探讨其主要功能,并提取疾病关键基因。方法通过OMIM、DisGeNET、GeneCards数据库以及文献检索收集癫痫相关基因,利用“ClusterProfiler”R包进行基因本体论(GO)和通路富集分析,通过通路串话分析识别通路之间的关联;将癫痫相关基因映射到人类蛋白质互作网络(PPIN),获得癫痫特异性蛋白互作网络,基于网络拓扑学提取疾病关键基因和潜在基因。结果收集获得572个癫痫相关基因,富集分析获得642条显著GO生物学过程条目和80条京都基因和基因组数据库(KEGG)通路,涉及学习、记忆和认知等过程;通过PPIN,提取获得10个疾病关键基因,大部分为γ–氨基丁酸(GABA)受体基因;整合PPIN和加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA),提取获得17个疾病潜在基因,涉及热休克蛋白、生长因子受体结合蛋白等。结论癫痫的发生是一个复杂的过程,涉及多个功能基因的异常,基因间通过紧密联系调控多个生物学过程及通路,通路间彼此交叉,共同导致疾病的发生。

面向生物工程类专业的“生化仪器分析”课程教学建设与改革

“生化仪器分析”课程是生物工程类专业的核心课,具体内容包括多种仪器分析方法的基本原理、相关仪器构造以及定量和定性分析方法。为了解决课程教学过程中“仪器分析原理与方法脱节、课本知识偏离实际应用、缺乏科学家精神和创新意识的培养”等问题,笔者从教学方法、产学研结合和课程思政三个方面改革创新。实践表明,通过以“一个中心和三个基本点”为教学主线,结合信息化手段和过程性考核,能够提升学习效率,强化基础知识积累;通过科研反哺教学,帮助学生树立职业规划,提高学习主动性;通过课程思政立体化、灵魂化,引发学生的情感触动。这可为其他生物工程类专业课程的教学提供借鉴。