Terminal airspace(TMA)is the airspace centering several military and civil aviation airports with complex route structure,limited airspace resources,traffic flow,difficult management and considerable airspace complexi...Terminal airspace(TMA)is the airspace centering several military and civil aviation airports with complex route structure,limited airspace resources,traffic flow,difficult management and considerable airspace complexity.A scientific and rational sectorization of TMA can optimize airspace resources,and sufficiently utilize the control of human resources to ensure the safety of TMA.The functional sectorization model was established based on the route structure of arriving and departing aircraft as well as controlling requirements.Based on principles of sectorization and topological relations within a network,the arrival and departure sectorization model was established,using tree based ant colony algorithm(ACO)searching.Shanghai TMA was taken as an example to be sectorizaed,and the result showed that this model was superior to traditional ones when arrival and departure routes were separated at dense airport terminal airspace.展开更多
A doll’s house tells us a story of a woman,who is treated as a doll-child by her father,then a doll-wife by her husband,eventually realizes her subordinate role at home,so she resolutely leaves the apparently perfect...A doll’s house tells us a story of a woman,who is treated as a doll-child by her father,then a doll-wife by her husband,eventually realizes her subordinate role at home,so she resolutely leaves the apparently perfect marriage and tries to seek out her own individuality.It questions the entire fabric of marital relationships,and indicts all the false values of the masculine society.展开更多
A case of florid reactive periostitis ossificans(RPO) arising in a long bone is presented. This is a rare bone proliferation with a pronounced periosteal reaction. Less than 100 cases have been described in the litera...A case of florid reactive periostitis ossificans(RPO) arising in a long bone is presented. This is a rare bone proliferation with a pronounced periosteal reaction. Less than 100 cases have been described in the literature with far fewer outside the bones of the hand, feet, fingers, and toes. Although the etiology is unknown, a relationship to preceding trauma is suggested. The imaging and histologic features show an overlap with other bone lesions including bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation, subungual exostosis, and malignant surface tumors of bone and cartilage which include, periosteal and parosteal osteosarcoma. It is important to recognize the clinical presentation and diagnostic features of RPO as a benign entity so that it is not mistaken for a more aggressive neoplasm. We present a case of a right distal humeral lesion that on histopathological review revealed florid RPO. This diagnosis was not suspected on imaging studies, but was made on open biopsy of the mass. The patient remains disease free, years postoperatively. In addition to presenting this unique case report, we review the pertinent literature, and offer a differential diagnosis and treatment strategy for its management.展开更多
Many tumors are unique to the organs from which they arise. Over the last 20 years, however, most tumors that were thought to be primary in soft tissues (derived from the primitive mesenchyme) and thought not to have ...Many tumors are unique to the organs from which they arise. Over the last 20 years, however, most tumors that were thought to be primary in soft tissues (derived from the primitive mesenchyme) and thought not to have counterparts in bone, were found to, in fact, rarely arise as unique lesions from bone. Some examples include synovial sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, to name but three. We now have begun to see the reverse with lesions that were initially thought to be unique to bone arising in soft tissue. While this has been well reported with osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma, it has never been reported with Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation (BPOP), also known as Nora's lesion. This study explores the first reported case of a soft tissue lesion, with clinical, radiological and histopathological characteristics of BPOP.展开更多
Fisher [1] proposed a simple method to combine p-values from independent investigations without using detailed information of the original data. In recent years, likelihood-based asymptotic methods have been developed...Fisher [1] proposed a simple method to combine p-values from independent investigations without using detailed information of the original data. In recent years, likelihood-based asymptotic methods have been developed to produce highly accurate p-values. These likelihood-based methods generally required the likelihood function and the standardized maximum likelihood estimates departure calculated in the canonical parameter scale. In this paper, a method is proposed to obtain a p-value by combining the likelihood functions and the standardized maximum likelihood estimates departure of independent investigations for testing a scalar parameter of interest. Examples are presented to illustrate the application of the proposed method and simulation studies are performed to compare the accuracy of the proposed method with Fisher’s method.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1233101,71271113)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.NS2016062)
文摘Terminal airspace(TMA)is the airspace centering several military and civil aviation airports with complex route structure,limited airspace resources,traffic flow,difficult management and considerable airspace complexity.A scientific and rational sectorization of TMA can optimize airspace resources,and sufficiently utilize the control of human resources to ensure the safety of TMA.The functional sectorization model was established based on the route structure of arriving and departing aircraft as well as controlling requirements.Based on principles of sectorization and topological relations within a network,the arrival and departure sectorization model was established,using tree based ant colony algorithm(ACO)searching.Shanghai TMA was taken as an example to be sectorizaed,and the result showed that this model was superior to traditional ones when arrival and departure routes were separated at dense airport terminal airspace.
文摘A doll’s house tells us a story of a woman,who is treated as a doll-child by her father,then a doll-wife by her husband,eventually realizes her subordinate role at home,so she resolutely leaves the apparently perfect marriage and tries to seek out her own individuality.It questions the entire fabric of marital relationships,and indicts all the false values of the masculine society.
基金Supported by The University of Alabama at Birmingham,Alabama and The Orthopaedic Center,Birmingham,AL,United States
文摘A case of florid reactive periostitis ossificans(RPO) arising in a long bone is presented. This is a rare bone proliferation with a pronounced periosteal reaction. Less than 100 cases have been described in the literature with far fewer outside the bones of the hand, feet, fingers, and toes. Although the etiology is unknown, a relationship to preceding trauma is suggested. The imaging and histologic features show an overlap with other bone lesions including bizarre parosteal osteochondromatous proliferation, subungual exostosis, and malignant surface tumors of bone and cartilage which include, periosteal and parosteal osteosarcoma. It is important to recognize the clinical presentation and diagnostic features of RPO as a benign entity so that it is not mistaken for a more aggressive neoplasm. We present a case of a right distal humeral lesion that on histopathological review revealed florid RPO. This diagnosis was not suspected on imaging studies, but was made on open biopsy of the mass. The patient remains disease free, years postoperatively. In addition to presenting this unique case report, we review the pertinent literature, and offer a differential diagnosis and treatment strategy for its management.
文摘Many tumors are unique to the organs from which they arise. Over the last 20 years, however, most tumors that were thought to be primary in soft tissues (derived from the primitive mesenchyme) and thought not to have counterparts in bone, were found to, in fact, rarely arise as unique lesions from bone. Some examples include synovial sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, to name but three. We now have begun to see the reverse with lesions that were initially thought to be unique to bone arising in soft tissue. While this has been well reported with osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma, it has never been reported with Bizarre Parosteal Osteochondromatous Proliferation (BPOP), also known as Nora's lesion. This study explores the first reported case of a soft tissue lesion, with clinical, radiological and histopathological characteristics of BPOP.
文摘Fisher [1] proposed a simple method to combine p-values from independent investigations without using detailed information of the original data. In recent years, likelihood-based asymptotic methods have been developed to produce highly accurate p-values. These likelihood-based methods generally required the likelihood function and the standardized maximum likelihood estimates departure calculated in the canonical parameter scale. In this paper, a method is proposed to obtain a p-value by combining the likelihood functions and the standardized maximum likelihood estimates departure of independent investigations for testing a scalar parameter of interest. Examples are presented to illustrate the application of the proposed method and simulation studies are performed to compare the accuracy of the proposed method with Fisher’s method.
