Energy-saving Architectural Designs for Relocation Residential Districts in North Jiangsu Province of China

By investigating present relocation residential districts for peasants whose houses are removed for the unified planning of rural areas in north Jiangsu Province, as well as residents' feelings about the environment of residential district, main architectural structures and energy consumption conditions, the indoor thermal environment, use of main heating and cooling facilities, residents' satisfaction on the acoustical and luminous environment, major space-enclosing structures and calculation of energy-saving designs are analyzed, and suggestions are given for the architectural design of relocation residential districts in the study area. It is stressed that the relationship between energy conservation and architectural layout, orientation, lighting, ventilation, selection of enclosing-structure materials, facade, color and style should be properly handled in the planning, and the focus is to control building orientation and shape coefficient, on the basis of which energy-saving designs of windows, exterior walls and roofs can be done. Energy consumption of present residential buildings is calculated and analyzed to bring forth new ideas to the energy-saving designs for relocation residential districts in north Jiangsu Province, and establish an architectural energy-saving system suitable for climatic and natural conditions of north Jiangsu to instruct the energy-saving designs of relocation residential districts in the study area.

Research on Sightseeing Leisure Agricultural Development Based on New Rural Construction——A Case Study of North Jiangsu Province in China

The paper has introduced the connotation of new rural construction,agricultural industrialization,leisure agriculture and North Jiangsu Region,and proposed that leisure agriculture has made following effects on the development of North Jiangsu:promoting rural production of North Jiangsu and improving villagers' life standard;developing agricultural ecological resources in North Jiangsu and facilitating agricultural sustainable development;and transferring surplus labors in North Jiangsu and increasing the value of human resources.It has concluded natural condition,resources condition,human condition and market condition for leisure agricultural development in North Jiangsu.On this basis,it has proposed countermeasures to accelerate leisure agricultural development in North Jiangsu.The government should give political and financial support and provide vocational training;it should create the development concept and business organization mode of leisure agriculture;build service consciousness and make brand publicity with the market as the guidance;perfect government's function,complete organization management and expand public service;and reform rural financial credit system and formulate leisure agriculture insurance measures.

Distribution of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb in sediments of tidal flats in north Jiangsu Province

Seven cores were collected from different sediment zones of tidal flats at Xin- yanggang in north Jiangsu province in August 2007. Sediment grain-size distribution and radioisotopes of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb analysis were carried out for these cores. Sediment rates of the cores and radioisotopes distribution in surface sediment in different zones of the tidal flat were calculated from the ^137Cs and ^210Ppb activities in sediments cores. The results indicated that each tidal zone had experienced different evolution phases, hydrological dynamics in the tidal flats made the grain-size of the surface sediment change gradually. ^137Cs and ^210Ppb activities on the superficial layer of the cores varied spatially and the reason was discussed. On tidal flats, the fluctuation of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb activities in the cores reflected the special sedimentary characteristics. Vegetation affects the grain-size distribution and the vertical profiles of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb in the upper depths. ^137Cs and ^210Ppb chronology got the comparable average sediment rates on the tidal flat. The characteristics of ^137Cs and ^210Ppb in the cores reflected various depositional dynamical environments in different tidal zones and gave information on the different evolvement phases of the tidal zones. Based on the information of grain-size distribution, texture of the cores, sediment rates and topography, the evolution lines of the tidal flat were reconstructed.

Sedimentary characteristics and processes of the Paleogene Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression, North Jiangsu Basin, eastern China

In this paper,the type,vertical evolution,and distribution pattern of sedimentary facies of the Paleogene Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression of the North Jiangsu Basin are studied in detail.Results show that fan delta,delta,nearshore subaqueous fan,and lacustrine facies developed during the Dainan Formation period and their distribution pattern was mainly controlled by tectonics and paleogeography.The fan delta and nearshore subaqueous fan facies predominantly occur in the southern steep slope region where fault-induced subsidence is thought to have created substantial accommodation,whereas the delta facies are distributed on the northern gentle slope which is thought to have experienced less subsidence.Finally,the lacustrine facies is shown to have developed in the center of the depression,as well as on the flanks of the fan delta,delta,and nearshore subaqueous fan facies.Vertically,the Dainan Formation represents an integrated transgressiveregressive cycle,with the E2d1being the transgressive sequence and the E2d2being the regressive sequence.This distribution model of sedimentary facies plays an important role in predicting favorable reservoir belts for the Dainan Formation in the Gaoyou Depression and similar areas.In the Gaoyou Depression,sandstones of the subaqueous distributary channels in the fan delta and the subaqueous branch channels in the delta are characterized by physical properties favorable for reservoir formation.

Research on Participatory Poverty Index in North Jiangsu

In terms of current life style, living and production conditions and hygienic and educational condition, we select 8 indices, such as annual net income of farmers per capita, annual grain yield per capita, total power of agricultural machinery per capita, dropout rate of school children and so on, to establish index system of determining the poor village in North Jiangsu. By selecting Lianqun Village in Suining County of Xuzhou City, Mawa Village in Siyang County of Suqian City, Chuanxing Village in Guanyun County of Lianyungang City, Xiaozhu Village in Hongze County of Huai'an City, Fengda Village in Xiangshui County of Yancheng City as the representative villages, after the discussion and consultation of the masses and the village cadres of all villages, we get the measuring results of weight. Through the field survey, investigation and interview in the selected regions, we get the relevant data, and then we conduct standardization processing, so as to get the index value that can comprehensively reflect the characteristics of poverty. According to the index data that have been standardized, by using participatory poverty index formula for calculation, we get the values that can explain the poverty degree of the respondents. We sequence the representative poor villages in this region according to the poverty degree from high to low, and the result is as follows: Mawa Village, ianqun Village, Chuanxing Village, Xiaozhu Village, and Fengda Village. It indicates that in terms of the operability of theory and technique, the participatory poverty index can better recognize the poor villages, so that it lays solid foundation for rationally and effectively using the limited poverty alleviation resources.

Regional Geochemistry and Fluid Flow in the Palaeogene Aquifers of the Gaoyou Subbasin in the Southern Part of North Jiangsu Basin, China

Chemical analysis of groundwater in petroliferous basins can be an effective way to determine the regional hydrogeological regime and to evaluate the preservation conditions of hydrocarbons. This paper presents the hydrochemical distribution of both individual aquifers and different structural units within the Palaeogene strata of the Gaoyou subbasin in the North Jiangsu Basin, east China. The results show that the salinity of the Palaeogene aquifers in the Gaoyou subbasin displays a systematic increase from the central deep depression to the periphery areas, and shows a reverse trend as the burial depth increases. Salinity maps of individual aquifers suggest that formation water in the deep layers at the centre of the study area probably retains original features of fresh lake water. Geofluids near the central deep depression of the Gaoyou subbasin migrate vertically through the Zhenwu and Hanliu faults, while those of the northern slope belt mainly flow laterally through aquifers. Both low and high salinity formation water can be found in the hydrocarbon producing areas. The low salinity zones commonly affected by infiltrated meteoric water are unfavourable conditions for the preservation of trapped hydrocarbons.

Discovery and features of vertical zonations of tidal salt-marsh foraminifera in Jianchuan, North Jiangsu Province, China

Through densified surface sampling of foraminifera and accurate elevation measurement a-long three transect lines in open-coast tidal salt-marsh of Jianchuan, particular salt-marsh foraminifera assemblages were found. The salt-marsh foraminifera assemblages are distributed in well-defined vertical zonations with respect to elevation and closely parallel marsh floral zonations. At the top of the vertical zonation all foraminifera disappear abruptly which are accurately located at the highest high water datum. This distribution pattern can be used to relocate former sea levels accurately (to an accuracy of within ±5 cm). A modern regional criterion of foraminifera for relocating the former sea levels in high resolution in our country is provided, and deficiencies of studying the vertical zonation only in sheltered coast salt-marsh abroad are filled up.

The Forming Mechanisms of the Neoproterozoic Molartooth Carbonatites in North Anhui and Jiangsu Provinces

As a characteristic sedimentary type,molartooth carbonatites veins(MCV) can be found in almost all the Neoproterozoic carbonatite strata in the North Anhui and Jiangsu Provinces.But their forming mechanism is still an enigma,and more than four incompatible forming hypotheses have been put forward according to the structures,mineral components and elements of the MCV.Though all the MCV with the similar shape

不同土壤肥力下苏北水蜜桃最佳有机肥用量研究

本研究以国家地理标志性农产品苏北新沂水蜜桃为供试材料,选取当地低肥力和中等肥力土壤果园的代表性地块,以常规施肥为对照,研究在化肥减量25%的基础上增施不同用量有机肥(30、45、60、75 t/hm^(2))对新沂水蜜桃产量、品质、经济效益、土壤理化性质及肥料利用效率等的影响,以期为新沂水蜜桃果园的有机肥施用提供技术指导。结果表明,在两种基础肥力不同的土壤上,增施有机肥较常规施肥水蜜桃均表现出增产提质的趋势。综合成本核算后,与常规施肥相比,在中等肥力土壤上,增施60 t/hm^(2)有机肥可获得最大的经济收益(增加8100元/hm^(2));而在低肥力土壤上,增施有机肥较常规施肥经济效益降低,这种相对亏损随着有机肥施用量的增加而递减。推测增施超过60 t/hm^(2)的有机肥或连续多年施有机肥有望获得更大的经济效益。无论是何种基础肥力土壤,当年增施有机肥在提高水蜜桃产量与品质、改善土壤理化性质方面均表现出潜力,推测这种改善效益可能通过连续多年施用有机肥来显著体现。这两个推测均有待于进一步验证。

南水北调受水区工业需水量的多方法组合预测

以南水北调东线江苏段受水区为对象,2020年为现状年,在趋势法、多元线性回归和BP神经网络的基础上,利用相对误差-反距离权重法构建了一种组合模型。采用该组合模型预测江苏段受水区2030年工业需水量。结果表明:基于趋势法、多元线性回归和BP神经网络所得的工业需水量预测值之间的偏差均小于10%,各单一方法与真实值之间的平均误差均小于10%;组合预测模型所得工业需水量的决定系数(R^(2))比单一需水预测模型高0.02~0.09;江苏段受水区2030年工业需水总量预测值为14.68×10^(8) m^(3),相比现状年工业需水总量增加了70.3%。研究成果不仅可为南水北调东线江苏段受水区提供可靠的工业需水量预测数据,也可为其他南水北调受水区工业需水量预测提供方法借鉴。

基于IMOCS算法的跨流域水资源多目标优化调配

为有效求解跨流域水资源多目标优化调配问题,提出一种改进多目标布谷鸟算法(improved multi-objective cuckoo search algorithm,IMOCS)。针对多目标布谷鸟优化算法(multi-objective cuckoo search algorithm,MOCS)收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部最优解的缺点,引入混沌理论和变异机制,采用自适应发现概率和步长改进MOCS,形成IMOCS算法。以南水北调东线工程江苏段为例,构建跨流域水资源多目标调配模型,分别采用IMOCS和MOCS求解模型,并运用基于组合赋权的非负矩阵分解法对2种算法所得的Pareto解集进行评价。结果表明:IMOCS在收敛性、多样性和综合性能方面优于MOCS,能够得到更高质量的Pareto解集;相较于50%、75%和95%来水频率下的MOCS所求解的最优配置方案,IMOCS所求解的最优配置方案缺水总量减少0.21亿、0.51亿和0.07亿m~3,损失水量分别减少了0.13亿、1.53亿和1.11亿m~3。因此,IMOCS可为跨流域水资源多目标优化配置计算提供有效的算法参考。

苏北海涂围垦区土壤质量模糊综合评价

【目的】系统掌握苏北海涂围垦区的土壤质量现状及其空间分布特征,获取实现土壤培肥抑盐与质量提升的调控措施。【方法】采用模糊综合评价与GIS相结合的方法,对土壤质量进行模糊综合评价与分级,获取区域土壤质量综合评价分级图。【结果】研究区土壤质量状况总体较低,土壤有机质和氮素亏缺较为严重,尤其是碱解氮;除容重为弱变异强度外,其余各评价指标均呈中等变异强度;有机质是重要的土壤质量评价因子,土壤盐分和地下水矿化度是土壤质量的主要限制因子。研究区不同部位土壤质量状况具有明显差异性,其空间分布规律与有机质较为相似,与土壤盐分相反,总体上棉花种植区的土壤质量状况要优于水稻种植区;研究区土壤质量中等的区域面积最大,其次是低质量区,高质量区面积最小。【结论】土壤质量分级图可用于研究区中低产地改造、盐碱地综合治理和合理施肥,土壤质量较低区域应完善田间排灌设施,质量中等区域宜加强农业生物改良。

中国大陆科学钻探靶区深部温度预测

依据中国大陆科学钻探 (CCSD)两口先导孔中地热测量和岩石样品热物性参数 ,对 5 0 0 0m深钻的可能钻遇温度进行了预测 .先导孔中地温梯度介于 1 9— 2 6℃ /km ;岩石热导率变化为 2 .6 4— 8.81W/(m·K) ,平均 (3 .94± 1 .2 6 )W/(m·K) ;实测热流值为 76— 80mW/m2 ;3 0块岩石样品放射性生热率变化为 (0 .0 9— 2 .1 7) μW/m3,45 0m深度以上层平均 (0 .76± 0 .5 ) μW/m3,以下层段平均 (0 .48± 0 .2 ) μW/m3,生热率随深度递减 ,但变化趋势难以明确判定 .分别对热流和热导率取上、下限 ,采用不同的生热率随深度的分布函数 ,区分考虑或不考虑热导率的温度相关性 ,分别计算出 5 0 0 0m深度内可能的温度分布剖面 .计算结果表明 ,超深井于 5 0 0 0m垂直深度上的温度将达到 1 1 0— 1 40℃ ,2 0 0 0m深度的探井钻遇温度将介于 5 4— 6 4℃ .此外 ,考虑热导率的温度效应后预测的温度一般高于未考虑热导率温度效应 5— 8℃ .

低渗砂岩储层孔喉的分布特征及其差异性成因

应用筛析粒度、铸体薄片、图像孔隙、扫描电镜与高压压汞等方法,对苏北盆地沙埝地区E1f3和三塘湖盆地牛圈湖地区J2x两类不同低渗储层的孔喉类型和分布特征进行了分析对比,对其差异性成因进行了探讨。研究表明,E1f3储层孔隙类型主要为碳酸盐胶结物和长石溶孔,J2x储层主要为凝灰质和长石溶孔,前者溶蚀成因的粗大孔隙较多,而后者细小的晶间孔较多。E1f3储层喉道分布为溶蚀成因的粗单峰分布、压实或压实胶结混合成因的细单峰分布、管束状喉道的无峰分布,以及溶蚀成因与压实或压实胶结混合成因组成的双峰分布四类;J2x储层喉道为溶蚀成因的粗单峰分布、管束状喉道的细单峰分布,及管束状喉道与压实或压实胶结成因组成的双峰分布三类,未见溶蚀成因喉道与其他成因喉道组成的双峰分布。两区孔隙半径、喉道半径均随粒级变细呈减小趋势,平均孔隙半径也总是小于碎屑颗粒半径;在粒度相近的情况下,J2x储层孔隙、喉道半径均小于E1f3储层。E1f3储层较高的成分成熟度与结构成熟度和早期碳酸盐胶结作用使其在压实过程中保存了较大的原始粒间孔隙空间,且为后期溶蚀作用所扩大,牛圈湖地区J2x储层较高的塑性岩屑含量和同沉积期形成的凝灰质,使储层原始孔隙空间在压实过程中大量减少,后期溶蚀作用较弱。杂基对原始孔隙空间的充填程度及其与塑性岩屑共同造成的压实与溶蚀强度的差异,是造成两区目前孔隙结构差异的主要原因。

苏北地区土壤-水稻系统重金属分布及其食物安全风险评价

2004年在对苏北地区6个县市(丰县、沛县、铜山、睢宁、楚州和东海)采用网格法采样的基础上,随机选择了该区域2种主要土壤类型上98个土样及其上所产水稻籽粒样品,采用原子吸收分光光谱仪和原子荧光光谱仪分别测定了其中的Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、N i、As和Hg 8种重金属的全量。分别以国家绿色食品生产基地标准、无公害农产品生产基地标准以及20世纪80年代的地区背景值为参照依据,分析评价了所研究土壤的重金属污染程度和大米的重金属安全水平,并进一步依据USEPA和WHO推荐的RfD值,结合我国居民平均食物消费结构评估了该地区土壤所产大米对人体的重金属暴露风险。结果显示,该地区的土壤重金属环境质量总体上符合建设绿色食品生产基地的要求,属于总体未明显污染土壤;不过,黄潮土上所产大米中N i以及砂礓黑土上所产大米中N i、Pb含量存在超出国家食品卫生安全标准的现象。依据USEPA的RfD值计算所得结果表明,供试地区所有土壤上所产大米中As、Cr具有明显的食物安全风险,部分地区的大米中Cd存在风险,由于Cd/Zn比值较低,因此基本上仍属安全。为了进一步保障农产品食用安全,一方面需要制订更严格的土壤环境质量标准,控制土壤污染,另一方面可能还需要着力改善大气环境质量。

苏北盆地高邮凹陷古近系戴南组一段元素地球化学特征及其地质意义

苏北盆地高邮凹陷所经历的风化作用以物理风化为主,化学风化程度很弱。其中南部陡坡带的大部分地区所经历化学风化程度相对北部缓坡带较强,说明古气候条件更为温暖潮湿;北部缓坡带及黄珏、邵伯地区所经历的物理风化作用相对较强且差异较大,说明曾经历较强的构造运动。研究区源岩主要为长英质物质和再旋回沉积物质,受中基性物质的影响较小。高邮凹陷边缘及吴堡低凸起附近地区戴一段下部地层具有下伏阜宁组地层的海相地化特征,因此研究区物源中可能有较多部分来自基底母岩被剥蚀和再旋回沉积的产物。地化数据反映研究区构造背景为安第斯型活动大陆边缘,由于地史及动力学机制的差异,其构造背景有别于东太平洋典型的安第斯型活动大陆边缘,可反映我国东部大陆边缘特殊的地体构造特征。

不同秸秆埋深对苏北滩涂盐渍土水盐动态变化的影响

揭示土壤水盐动态变化规律是消减盐渍障碍因子的前提。本文通过田间微区试验,研究了秸秆表层覆盖(M0)、秸秆深埋40 cm(M1)、70 cm(M2)及40 cm+100 cm双层(M3)等处理对土壤水盐分布及其动态变化的影响。结果表明:各处理土壤含水量随时间动态变化的规律基本相似,且在土壤剖面分布上,表现为秸秆表层覆盖和深埋处理均能有效增加土壤水分含量。玉米生育期内M0、M1、M2和M3处理土壤剖面平均含水量分别为275.9、280.3、293.9和302.5 g/kg,较对照处理分别增加了3.7、8.1、27.1和30.3 g/kg。从阻盐方面看,M0、M1和M3能有效抑制盐分表聚,积盐率分别较对照处理降低4.86%、8.76%和6.08%,M2处理土壤盐分含量较高,但其积盐率与对照处理相比也降低2.90%。双层秸秆埋深处理(M3)对土壤保墒和抑制盐分方面的作用最为显著,对提高该区土壤水分利用效率及土壤盐渍障碍消减具有积极效果。

苏北滨海滩涂区土壤重金属含量及其时空变异研究

以苏北沿海某滩涂区为研究区,采用经典统计与地统计相结合的方法总结出2009年和2014年表层土壤Pb、Cr、Cd、As四种元素的含量,分析了土地利用方式对重金属含量影响以及重金属空间分布与时空变异.结果表明：滩涂区土壤4种元素含量基本都低于土壤环境质量一级标准值;2009~2014年的5a间,研究区土壤Cd含量发生显著累积,居民区土壤Pb含量显著增加,工业园区土壤Pb、Cd亦显著累积,各土地利用方式下土壤Cr、As含量变化不显著;受大尺度的潮汐沉积作用与小尺度的人为活动共同控制,两个时期Pb、Cr含量分布具有空间相似性,而Cd、As含量空间分布差异较大;不同土地利用方式下研究区土壤重金属的累积具有变异性和明显的趋势效应,大气沉降是除了土地利用方式以外影响重金属时空变异格局的重要途径.该沿海滩涂区正面临土壤重金属不断累积的问题,应加强监控与源头减量,优化产业布局,推进过程阻断与生态修复.

苏北盆地隐伏早第三纪玄武岩地球化学及源区特征

早第三纪玄武岩在苏北盆地以橄榄拉斑玄武岩为主，在地表基本无出露，均为钻井揭示，呈夹层产出。对它们详细的岩相岩石学、微量元素地球化学及锶钕同位素研究表明，玄武岩原始岩浆源于受俯冲洋壳影响的陆下岩石圈地幔较高程度部分熔融并在源区经历了一定程度的单斜辉石和橄榄石的结晶分异，岩浆上升至喷出地表过程中没有发生明显地壳物质的混染，其所表现出的过渡特征暗示区域在古新世时处在一个由活动大陆边缘向大陆板内裂谷转换的关键时期。

氮肥用量对滨海滩涂区甘薯干物质积累、氮素效率和钾钠吸收的影响

我国沿海滩涂种植能源作物甘薯有广阔的前景。为确定苏北滩涂区甘薯适宜施氮量,比较了6个施氮水平下甘薯的成活率(SR)、商品率(CR)、蔓薯比(V/T)、干物质积累(DMA)、氮素累积值(NAV)、氮利用效率(NUE)、氮收获指数(NHI)及钾钠吸收的差异。结果表明:(1)施氮量与甘薯地上部分DMA和NAV均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,余同),对地下部分NAV影响较小(P>0.05)。(2)与不施氮比较,施氮60 kg(N)·hm-2对甘薯的V/T、SR、NUE和NHI均无显著影响。(3)甘薯的CR、地下部分和块根DMA以及理论产量(NAV×NUE×NHI)均以施氮60 kg(N)·hm-2显著高于其他处理。施氮量超过60 kg(N)·hm-2,施氮量与甘薯的V/T值呈极显著正相关,与SR、CR、NUE、NHI、地下部分和块根DMA均呈极显著负相关。(4)甘薯对钾钠的吸收量均随施氮量的增加而增加,二者呈极显著正相关。甘薯地上部分钾钠含量均在施氮量为60 kg(N)·hm-2时达到最高值。施氮量对钾钠含量比没有影响。因此,苏北滩涂区甘薯适宜施氮量为60 kg(N)·hm-2。