Preparation and Performance Test of Gexianmi (Nostoc sphaeroides kützing) Moisturizing Lotion

Gexianmi moisturizing lotion was prepared from Gexianmi extract, carbomer, EDTA-Na2, citric acid, glycerin, butanediol, ceramide, cetearyl alcohol, hydrogenated polydecene, shea butter, etc., and skin moisture contents of different treatments were measured. The data were analyzed by variance analysis and multiple comparisons. The results showed that: Gexianmi moisturizing lotion had a better moisturizing effect, which was better than that of anthocyanin moisturizing lotion. Therefore, Gexianmi moisturizing lotion can be used to effectively maintain the moisture of the human skin stratum corneum.

Photoregulated or Energy Dependent Process of Hormogonia Differentiation in Nostoc sphaeroides Kutzing （Cyanobacterium）

Hormogonium, which was thought to play an important role in the dispersal and survival of these microorganisms in their natural habitats, is a distinguishable developmental stage of heterocystous cyanobacteria. The present study examined the effects of different light conditions and sugars on the differentiation ofNostoc sphaeroides Kiitzing to the hormogonia stage. Results showed that differentiation of hormogonia was light dependent in the absence of sugar, but that close to 100% of cyanobacteria differentiated to hormogonia in the presence of glucose or sucrose, irrespective of the light conditions. This differentiation was inhibited, even in the presence of sugars, upon application of an inhibitor of respiration. Following the testing of different sugars, the effects of different lights were examined. It was found that 5-10μmol·m^-2·s^-1 photon flux density was optimal for hormogonia differentiation. One hundred percent differentiation was obtained with white light irradiation, in contrast with irradiation with green light (80% differentiation) and red light (0-10% differentiation). Although they showed different efficiencies in inducing hormogonia differentiation in N. sphaeroides, the green and red radiation did not display antagonistic effects. When the additional aspect of time dependence was investigated through the application of different fight radiations and an inhibitor of protein synthesis, it was found that the initial 6 h of the differentiation process was crucial for hormogonia differentiation. Taken together, these results show that hormogonia differentiation in N. sphaeroides is either a photoregulated or an energy deoendent orocess.

葛仙米的培养

以葛仙米为实验材料,在春季自然温度条件下培养,研究其基本生长情况,形态特征和显微结构的变化。结果表明,在不断更换培养基的条件下,葛仙米生长较快,从生长曲线看最大比生长率出现在培养的第九天;随培养时间的延长,葛仙米的形态结构及颜色都发生了显著变化,可明显观察到异形胞。结果提示,在春季自然温度条件下培养,葛仙米能够正常生长。

发光二极管光质对念珠藻葛仙米生长及生理生化特性的影响

利用发光二极管(LED)作为光源,以冷百荧光灯光作为对照,研究不同光质[红光637 nm、绿光529 nm、蓝光453 nm、白光(400—700)nm]对念珠藻葛仙米生长和生理生化特性的影响。结果表明:在培养前期,红光促进藻蓝蛋白合成,而藻红蛋白合成受抑制;蓝光和绿光则促进藻蓝蛋白合成。在培养后期,红光处理有利于叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素积累,其含量分别达到干重的1.33%和0.24%;绿光、白光和冷白荧光培养物的相应色素的含量均约占1.0%和0.16%;蓝光培养物的相应色素含量分别仅为0.45%和0.11%。红光培养物的氨基酸含量达干重的23.1%,是对照的1.58倍。除蓝光外其他光质对还原糖的含量影响无显著差异。在培养过程中LED白光和冷白荧光培养物的平均相对生长速率分别约为其他色光培养物的1.3和1.5倍。