Suitable distance to observe Red-crowned Cranes:a note on the observer effect

In order to assess the effect of the observer distance on the behavior of Red-crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis),we studied their time budgets with a gradient of observer distances in Yancheng,China from December 2008 to March 2009.Observer distance was classified into four levels,i.e.,＜ 200 m,200-300 m,300-400 m and ＞ 400 m.The results indicated that cranes increased their vigilance when the observer was less than 300 m away.A safe distance for the observer was often as far as or more than 300 m.Cranes increased scan frequency when observers were within 200 m,whereas they prolonged the duration of their scan when observers were between 200 m and 300 m away,indicating two distinct vigilant strategies,given the observer distance.We suggest an observer distance of at least 300 m,in order to minimize the observer effect.

Observation of the Effect of Video Assessment Method on the Operation Skills of Individual Nurses

Objective:To explore the application effect of video assessment method in clinical nurses’nursing operation skills.Method:To select 58 nurses who participated in the individual soldier standard in the children’s hospital in 2019 and 2020 as the research objects,among which the nurses who participated in the individual soldier standard in 2019 were the nurses who participated in the individual soldier standard in 2019 and 2020.A total of 29 people in the first batch were set as the control group,using traditional assessment methods.In 2020,the second batch of 29 nurses who participated in the individual soldier standard reached the experimental group.Using the video assessment method,there was no significant difference in general information between the two groups(P>0.05).After the assessment,the scores,coping with work pressure,and proactiveness of the two groups of research subjects were compared.Results:The experimental group’s nursing operation assessment scores,coping with work pressure,and proactiveness were significantly better than those of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of the video assessment method improves the passing rate of nurses’operational skills examination,enhances nurses’initiative in learning,reduces examination pressure,and can be accurately,timely,and safely applied to clinical nursing work,which is worthy of study and promotion.

Observation on the Therapeutic Effects of Acupuncture for 60 Cases of Simple Obesity

Simple obesity refers to a disease characterized by body overweight due to excessive calorie intake and over accumulation of adipose tissue in the body. With the improvement of life conditions, obesity has become a factor that impairs the health of the people. From 1997 to 1998, the author had treated 60 cases of simple obesity with acupuncture and obtained satisfactory results. The results of treatment are reported as follows.

Effects of Sub-chronic Intoxication of 1,8-cineole on Blood Biochemical Indexes of Mice

[ Objective] Effects of sub-chronic intoxication of 1,8-cineole on body weights, routine blood indexes and biochemical indexes of mice were investigated. [Method] One hundred and sixty mice with body weights of 15 -17 g were randomly divided into four groups （forty mice per group）. Mice were injected to 1, 8 - cineole with doses of 192.45,64. 15 and 21.38 mg/kg body weight （ test groups） and the water solution of tween-80 with a volume fraction of 0.5% （ control group） respectively. Each mouse was administered orally at the dose of 0.2 mL per 10 g body weight once a day consecutively for 90 d. The body weight, routine blood indexes and serum biochemical indexes of mice were determined on the 30^th d, 60^th d, 90^th d and the 30^th d after stopping the administration of 1,8-cineole. [ Result] The effects of 1, 8-cineole on the body weight, routine blood indexes and serum biochemical indexes of mice with the doses of 64.15 and 21.38 mg/kg body weight had no statistically significant difference compared with the control group （P 〉0.05 ）. 1, 8-cineole with the dose of 192.45 mg/kg body weight exhibited different influences on routine blood indexes and serum biochemical indexes of mice after the oral administration of 1,8-cineole for 60 d and 90 d, and statistically significant differences in many blood biochemical indexes were observed （P 〈 0.05 ）. However, the differences in routine blood indexes and serum biochemical indexes were not statistically significant between the test groups and the control group at the 30＇h d after stopping the administration of 1, 8-cineole （ P 〉 0.05）. [Condusion] 1,8-cineole had sub-chronic oral toxicity to mice. The no observed adverse effect level （NOAEL） of 1,8-cineolc was 64.15 mg/kg body weight and the lowest observed adverse effect level （LOAEL） of 1,8-cineole was 192.45 mg/kg body weight. Effects of 1, 8-cineole on blood biochemical indexes of mice were in short term and reversible.

Effects of site conditions on earthquake ground motion and their applications in seismic design in loess region

The Loess Plateau is an earthquake prone region of China, where the effects of loess deposit on ground motion were discovered during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake(Ms8.0) and the 2013 Minxian-Zhangxian earthquake(Ms6.6). The field investigations, observations, and analyses indicated that large number of casualties and tremendous economic losses were caused not only by collapse and damage of houses with poor seismic performance, landslides, but also amplification effects of site conditions, topography and thickness of loess deposit, on ground motion. In this paper, we chose Dazhai Village and Majiagou Village as the typical loess site affected by the two earthquakes for intensity evaluation, borehole exploration, temporary strong motion array, micro tremor survey, and numerical analysis. The aim is to explore the relations between amplification factors and site conditions in terms of topography and thickness of loess deposit. We also developed site amplification factors of ground motion for engineering design consideration at loess sites. The results showed that the amplification effects are more predominant with increase in thickness of loess deposit and slope height. The amplification mayincrease seismic intensity by 1 degree, PGA and predominant period by 2 times, respectively.

Information Field and Physical Noise Generator Entanglement

In experiments with physical noise generators based on electronic or photonic quantum events, significant deviations from random distributions have been repeatedly observed. To explain these effects, intention-based interactions between consciousness and mind with physical random processes have been suggested, either being caused by individual minds or by a proposed global mind. As these explanations involve physically undefined objects such as “mind” and “consciousness”, an explanatory model based on the concept of an information field is given herein, based on the concept of generalized quantum entanglement, including the entanglement of physical noise processes with information fields and an analogy to quantum teleportation. In addition, the non-random hypothesis of using such a physical noise generator in capturing qualitative characteristics of individuals is tested in a randomized controlled study with 100 participants.

Laboratory culture of the freshwater benthic gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa (Reeve) and its utility as a test species for sediment toxicity

This study aimed to develop original laboratory culture and sediment toxicity testing protocols for the freshwater gastropod Bellamya aeruginosa （Reeve）, a new potential species for sediment toxicity testing. B. aeruginosa was successfully cultured with an effective culture system under proposed laboratory conditions. Optimal ad libitum feeding levels for larvae, juveniles, and adults were 2.0, 6.0, and 16.0 mg fish food/（snall.day）, respectively. Mean survival rates of juveniles were higher than 90%, The snails could be sexed at 9 weeks of age, and their generation time is approximately 4 months. Reproduction continued all year around; the mean fecundity was 0.55 newborn/（female.day）. The utility of this species for bioassays was evaluated in both 10-day and 28-day case studies with artificial sediments. The 10-day LC50 of Cu for larvae was 480 μg/g dry weight （dw）, and the lowest observed effects concentration of Cu for survival and growth of larvae was 195 μg/g dw. Survival and growth are reliable indicators of acute toxicity. Larvae accumulated more Cu than adults. B. aeruginosa exhibited a higher sensitivity to Cu exposure than standard test species （Hyalella azteca and Chironomus tentans）. The 28-day test of sediment toxicity with adults showed that fecundity was a robust endpoint indicator of reproductive toxicity, and the biochemical endpoints of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione could be used as sensitive biomarkers for Cu-induced oxidative damage. B. aeruginosa can be therefore recommended as a candidate for the standardization of the freshwater sediment toxicity test protocol.

Clinical Observation on Effect of Shenqi Fuzheng(参芪扶正)Injection Combined with Chemotherapy in Treating Post-operational Patients with Colorectal Carcinoma

Chemotherapy(CT)is the most impor-tant therapeutic means in treating post-oper-ational patients with colorectal carcinoma(CA),but its efficacy is often affected bythe toxic side-effects of CT agents.TCMcould reinforce body resistance and tonifythe qi,alleviate the toxic side-effects of CT,thus strengthening the efficacy of organismagainst tumor.Shenqi Fuzheng(参芪扶正,

Development and Prospect of Study on Soil Nonlinear Dynamic Characteristics under Strong-Motion

Ground motions are significantly influenced by dynamic characteristics of overburden soil layers near ground surface,as thick and soft soil layers would obviously amplify the ground motion strength. The conventional research method on soil nonlinear dynamic characteristics under strong motions is based on experiments in laboratories for the deficiency of observation data,but it is difficult to reliably simulate the complex factors of soils in actual earthquake durations,including loading paths,boundary conditions,and drainage conditions. The incremental data of the vertical downhole observation array,which is comprised of at least one observation point on ground surface and one observation point in a downhole rock base, makes it possible to study soil nonlinear dynamics according to in situ observation data,and provides new basic data and development opportunities to soil nonlinear dynamics studies.

A sodium laser guide star coupling efficiency measurement method

A large telescope＇s adaptive optics （AO） system requires one or more bright artificial laser guide stars to improve its sky coverage. The recent advent of a high power sodium laser is perfect for such application. However, besides the output power, other parameters of the laser also have a significant impact on the brightness of the generated sodium laser guide star, mostly in non-linear relationships. When tuning and optimizing these parameters it is necessary to tune based on a laser guide star generation performance metric. Although return photon fluxis widely used, variability of the atmosphere and sodium layer makes it difficult to compare results from different sites or even within a short time period for the same site. A new metric, coupling efficiency, is adopted in our field tests. In this paper, we will introduce our method for measuring the coupling efficiency of a 20W class pulse sodium laser for AO application during field tests that were conducted during 2013-2015.

Observation on Effect of Gennlanchun (更年春) In Preventing Experimental Primary Osteoporosis

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Genni-anchun (GNC) in preventing primary osteoporosis. Methods: Fifty female SD rats of 10 - 12 months old were randomly divided into five groups. Except those in the sham operation group, animals were ovariectomized bilaterally. The gastric perfusion was started immediately after operation, with normal saline to the sham operation group and model group; GNC to high dose (2 ml) and low dos (1 ml) GNC groups and Nilestriol to the NE group, every day for 3 months. Animals were sacrificed at the end of experiment, their vertebra and

Clinical Observation on Effect of Xuesaitong Injection (血塞通注射液) as Auxiliary Treatment of Severe Craniocerebral Injury

Objective To evaluate the effect of Xuesai-tong injection (XSTI, 血塞通注射液 , a preparation of Panax Notoginseng) as auxilliary treatment of severe craniocerebral injury. Methods Eighty-seven patients with severe craniocerebral injury were selected and randomly divided into the treated group (n=44) and the control group (n = 43), they were treated with conventional treatment, and XSTI was given additionally to the treated group. Intracranial pressure (ICP) and Glasgow coma score (GCS) of all patients were measuredafter 1 or 2-week treatment, and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) of them was determined 3 months later. Then the therapeutic effect in the two groups were compared. Results After treatment, the ICP was lower, GCS higher and GOS better in the treated group than those in the control group significantly, all showing statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion XSTI has marked clinical therapeutic effect in treating patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Original article on CJITWM (Chin) 2004 ;23 (3): 213

A PRIMARY OBSERVATION OF TPA EFFECT ON SSV-NIH3T3 CELLS IN SERUM-FREE MEDIUM

The effect of TPA, a potent tumor promoter, on SSV-NIH3T3 cells in serum-free medium was investigated. TPA stimulated DNA synthesis of SSV-NIH3T3 cells on the third day of culture in SFM. In SDS-PAGF of medium conditioned by TPA-treated SSV-NIH3T3 cells (in SFM+TPA), the amounts of four proteins of 31.0 Kd, 28.5 Kd, 25.5 Kd and 13.5 Kd strikingly increased over that of non-TPA-treated counterpart (in SFM). The PDGF-like activity was also detected in CM of SFM+TPA. When insulin and EGF were drown off the SFM+TPA (SFM-Ins-EGF+TPA), TPA lost its ability to stimulate DNA synthesis of SSV-NIH3T3 cells on the third day and SDS-PAGE of the conditioned medium showed that the amounts of the four proteins noted above grately reduced. However, cells in SFM-Ins-EGF+TPA were in almost the same growth condition as cells in complete SFM+TPA on the third day of culture. Results were discussed in the paper.

Clinical Observation on Effect of Combination of Zhuanyindan (转阴丹) and Hormone in Treating MaleInfertility with Positive Antisperm Antibody

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of combination of Zhuanyindan (ZYD, 转阴丹, a self-made Chinese herbal preparation) and hormone in treating male infertility with positive antisperm antibody and its influence on nitric oxide (NO) level. Methods:Eighty-two patients were randomly divided (according to the digital list) into the WM group (n = 20, treated with prednisone), the TCM group (n=28, treated with ZYD) and the ICWM group (n=34, treated with prednisone plus ZYD). The clinical effect, negative converting rate of antisperm antibody, changes of NO level in semen and various parameters of sperm motion before and after treatment were observed. Results: The total effective rate in the ICWM group was 88.2%, that in theTCM group 75. 0% and in the WM group 65. 0%. Significant difference was seen in the ICWM and TCM group before and after treatment in NO level, sperm motion parameters, including linear motion speed, linearity, propulsion, whip frequency, sperm vitality and mean moving angle, and quality of semen ( P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). In the WM group, significant difference in comparison before and after treatment was seen in NO level, propulsion, whip frequency, mean moving angle and quality of semen, including vitality and survival rate (P<0. 01). Conclusion: Combination of Chinese herbs and hormone could lower the NO level in semen and improve the quality of sperm.Original article on CJITWM (Chin) 2004 ;23 (3): 223

SEM in-situ Fracture Observation and the Reinforcing Effect of Composite SiC_p/ZA22

The strengthening effect of a Zn alloy reinforced by SiC particulate was examined. Based on the results of SEM in-situ fracture observation and stress field analysis by finite element method, it is believed that the reinforcing effect of this composite is due to the combination of strain and stress hardening in the matrix.

Differential measurement of atmospheric refraction using a telescope with double fields of view

For the sake of advancing theoretical research about atmospheric refrac- tion, the atmospheric refraction observed at lower angles of elevation is still worth analyzing and exploring. In some engineering applications, objects with a larger zenith distance must sometimes be observed. Carrying out observational research on atmospheric refraction at lower angles of elevation has an important significance. However, it has been considered difficult to measure the atmospheric refraction at lower angles of elevation. A new idea for determining atmospheric refraction by utilizing differential measurement with double fields of view is proposed. Taking the observational principle used by the HIPPARCOS satellite as a reference, a prototype with double fields of view was developed. In August 201 3, experimental observations were carried out and atmospheric refractions at lower angles of elevation were obtained by the prototype. The measured value of atmospheric refraction at a zenith distance of 78.8° was 240.23″±0.27″, and the feasibility of differential measurement of atmospheric refraction with double fields of view was verified. Limitations of the prototype, such as inadequate ability to gather light, lack of accurate meteorological data recording, and a low level of automation in observation and data processing, are pointed out, which need to be improved in subsequent work.

Clinical Observation of 48 Cases of Black Eye Circle Treated with Modified Yu Rong San Gel Eye Mask

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of modified Yu Rong San gel eye mask in the treatment of dark circles.Methods:96 cases of patients with dark circles were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.In the control group and the treatment group,the common eye mask and the modified Yu Rong San gel eye mask were applied to the black circle area respectively.After 15min,water was used to wash the face,the application of the mask for one time a day,four weeks,one course,and three courses were observed.Results:After three courses of treatment,the total effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the area of black eye circles in the treatment group was smaller than that before treatment(P<0.05);compared with the control group,the score of black eye circles was lower than that before treatment,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Addition and reduction of Yu Rong San gel eye mask is effective in the treatment of dark circles.