Oil crops,mainly comprised of soybean,rapeseed,groundnut,sunflower and etc.,have provided substantial edible oil and other tremendous nutrients for human beings,as well as valuable biofuels for associated industries.T...Oil crops,mainly comprised of soybean,rapeseed,groundnut,sunflower and etc.,have provided substantial edible oil and other tremendous nutrients for human beings,as well as valuable biofuels for associated industries.The genetic improvement of significant oil crops and/or domesticating novel high-yielding oil crops are in urgent need to cope with the ever-increasing demand for various oil crop products.CRISPR(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)-based genome editing technology,born a few years ago,edits stretches of DNA in a targeted and RNA-dependent fashion.The Characteristics of targeted mutagenesis and easy manipulation owned by the technology make it have been applied to many plants and exhibited great potential in the genetic improvement of many important oil crops.In the face of growing need for oil crop products and the rapid developments in CRISPR-based genome editing technology,a critical review regarding the technology and its application in oil crops is badly required to provide references for the better use of this technology to modify the oil crops for higher yield.In this review paper,we briefly described the CRISPR-based genome editing technology and summarized its applications and future prospects in oil crops.展开更多
Safflower is widely cultivated and used as a dual-purpose medicinal oil worldwide.This research used the incoPat patent database to search the global safflower patents for nearly 20 years,aiming to reveal the developm...Safflower is widely cultivated and used as a dual-purpose medicinal oil worldwide.This research used the incoPat patent database to search the global safflower patents for nearly 20 years,aiming to reveal the development process and current situation of the safflower industry in China and around the world by analyzing patent application trends,patent technology characteristics,advantageous industries and regions,patent quality,etc.The analysis shows that safflower patent applications are generally increasing,and the period 2010-2016 is characterized by the rapid development of patent applications.The technical features of global patents are mainly concentrated in pharmaceutical preparations,cosmetics,food and health care,various beverages,animal feed,safflower cultivation and harvesting equipment,and safflower seed oil.During the rapid development of patent applications,safflower was further developed in cosmetics,edible oil,and harvesting equipment.In addition,patent applications in rheumatism and bone diseases have increased,with the potential for development.China is the leading region for researching and developing medicinal safflower patents,especially Shandong and Henan provinces.Foreign patents are more focused on the value development of safflower seed oil in food and chemicals.Compared to the major countries and organizations that apply for safflower patents on a global scale,the quality of Chinese safflower patents is medium,and more awareness of patent protection is required.This paper provides suggestions for the subsequent development of the safflower industry,summarizes and analyzes the development trend of safflower patents,and provides new ideas to obtain innovative patent results.展开更多
Fxperiments on the effect of soil amendment with rape (Brassica chinensis L.) seed cake, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed or sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed cake on the growth of cucumber seedlings under a continu...Fxperiments on the effect of soil amendment with rape (Brassica chinensis L.) seed cake, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed or sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed cake on the growth of cucumber seedlings under a continuous cropping system were conducted in a greenhouse environment. The results indicated that two applications of sesame seed cake (0.1 and 0.5 %, w/w) increased the growth of cucumber, but the rape oil cake showed a negative effect at a rate of 1.5% (w/w). The sesame seed cake was separated into four fractions (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ) according to the polarity, and all four fractions had a positive effect on the growth of cucumbers under a continuous cropping system. Fraction number Ⅲ was isolated into 25 proportions by silicon column, and only oleic acid, palmitic acid and octadecanoic acid were identified in proportion 10 by GC-MS in which 93.3% was oleic acid and palmitic acid. The oleic acid had a significant and positive effect on cucumber growth under salt stress at the level 30 mmol and showed slight resistance to several pathogenic fungi.展开更多
油料作物由于含油量高、基质复杂,导致其弱极性多环芳烃类化合物提取率低,成为准确检测高油样品中多环芳烃的瓶颈。本文对比了16种多环芳烃的GC-MS/MS检测条件SIM(Single Ion Monitoring)模式和SRM(Selective Reaction Monitoring)模式...油料作物由于含油量高、基质复杂,导致其弱极性多环芳烃类化合物提取率低,成为准确检测高油样品中多环芳烃的瓶颈。本文对比了16种多环芳烃的GC-MS/MS检测条件SIM(Single Ion Monitoring)模式和SRM(Selective Reaction Monitoring)模式质谱信号响应,SRM模式干扰峰更少,检出限更低;对比了QuEChERS和超声辅助提取方法对大豆、油菜籽、花生三种油料中16种多环芳烃的提取效果,超声辅助提取的基质效应很高,部分多环芳烃基质减弱80%以上,且油菜籽的提取稳定性差,部分相对标准偏差达到32%~45%。并比较了乙腈和丙酮作为QuCEhERS方法提取溶剂的提取效果。结果表明,QuCEhERS方法中乙腈作为提取溶剂,在极性最弱的多环芳烃回收率低,如苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽等,回收率甚至小于10%。而丙酮作为QuCEhERS方法提取溶剂,而在极性弱的多环芳烃中,回收率提高了3~5倍,适合提取高油样品中多环芳烃。三种油料基质匹配标准曲线的相关系数均在0.99以上。16种多环芳烃均能获得较好的回收率(58%~100%),相对标准偏差为0.4%~10.6%,方法稳定性好。展开更多
Ricinus communis or castor bean is a non-edible oilseed plant widely cultivated worldwide for the high content of castor oil in its seeds and the different uses the oil has in the industry. An increase in its oil cont...Ricinus communis or castor bean is a non-edible oilseed plant widely cultivated worldwide for the high content of castor oil in its seeds and the different uses the oil has in the industry. An increase in its oil content and production efficiency is difficult, making understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the synthesis of oils in the seed necessary. Here, a combined analysis of protein-protein interaction networks was performed using public data on differential gene expression in castor bean seeds at different stages of development. From this analysis, four key enzymes were selected and analyzed in the polyunsaturated fatty acids pathways, whose gene expression was subsequently quantified during the development of the seeds in a Colombian cultivar that produces high amounts of oils and contrasted with a lower producing cultivar. The gene coding FAH12 was differentially expressed in the early stages of seed development in the high oil-producing cultivar and has differences in amino acids A242V and Q319H. The analysis presents this gene as one of those responsible for early ricinoleic acid synthesis, making it a candidate for use in crop genetic improvement programs to increase the oil content in castor bean.展开更多
Crop production models are highly developed to account for different nitrogen, light, temperature and water availability conditions and, in some species, disease or air pollutant effects. There is very limited knowled...Crop production models are highly developed to account for different nitrogen, light, temperature and water availability conditions and, in some species, disease or air pollutant effects. There is very limited knowledge on responses of many tropical crops, such as oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), to air pollutants although predictions of these effects are essential for industrial planning in several countries. In the absence of limitations due to water supply, the effects of leaf area loss due to necrosis and chlorosis are much more important to canopy photosynthesis than are changes in the physiological attributes that influence the efficiency of light use. Therefore, potential losses of crop production due to air pollutants such as fluoride can be inferred usefully from the extent of visible injury to foliage that may be associated with different levels of pollutant exposure.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072098)。
文摘Oil crops,mainly comprised of soybean,rapeseed,groundnut,sunflower and etc.,have provided substantial edible oil and other tremendous nutrients for human beings,as well as valuable biofuels for associated industries.The genetic improvement of significant oil crops and/or domesticating novel high-yielding oil crops are in urgent need to cope with the ever-increasing demand for various oil crop products.CRISPR(Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)-based genome editing technology,born a few years ago,edits stretches of DNA in a targeted and RNA-dependent fashion.The Characteristics of targeted mutagenesis and easy manipulation owned by the technology make it have been applied to many plants and exhibited great potential in the genetic improvement of many important oil crops.In the face of growing need for oil crop products and the rapid developments in CRISPR-based genome editing technology,a critical review regarding the technology and its application in oil crops is badly required to provide references for the better use of this technology to modify the oil crops for higher yield.In this review paper,we briefly described the CRISPR-based genome editing technology and summarized its applications and future prospects in oil crops.
基金the National Famous and Old Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine([2019]No.41)The key research and development projects of Sichuan Science and Technology Plan(2020YFN0152,2021YFYZ0012-5)+1 种基金Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine"Xinglin Scholars"Discipline Talents Research Promotion Program(CXTD2018003,QJRC2022025)Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(ZYYCXTD-D-202209).
文摘Safflower is widely cultivated and used as a dual-purpose medicinal oil worldwide.This research used the incoPat patent database to search the global safflower patents for nearly 20 years,aiming to reveal the development process and current situation of the safflower industry in China and around the world by analyzing patent application trends,patent technology characteristics,advantageous industries and regions,patent quality,etc.The analysis shows that safflower patent applications are generally increasing,and the period 2010-2016 is characterized by the rapid development of patent applications.The technical features of global patents are mainly concentrated in pharmaceutical preparations,cosmetics,food and health care,various beverages,animal feed,safflower cultivation and harvesting equipment,and safflower seed oil.During the rapid development of patent applications,safflower was further developed in cosmetics,edible oil,and harvesting equipment.In addition,patent applications in rheumatism and bone diseases have increased,with the potential for development.China is the leading region for researching and developing medicinal safflower patents,especially Shandong and Henan provinces.Foreign patents are more focused on the value development of safflower seed oil in food and chemicals.Compared to the major countries and organizations that apply for safflower patents on a global scale,the quality of Chinese safflower patents is medium,and more awareness of patent protection is required.This paper provides suggestions for the subsequent development of the safflower industry,summarizes and analyzes the development trend of safflower patents,and provides new ideas to obtain innovative patent results.
文摘Fxperiments on the effect of soil amendment with rape (Brassica chinensis L.) seed cake, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed or sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seed cake on the growth of cucumber seedlings under a continuous cropping system were conducted in a greenhouse environment. The results indicated that two applications of sesame seed cake (0.1 and 0.5 %, w/w) increased the growth of cucumber, but the rape oil cake showed a negative effect at a rate of 1.5% (w/w). The sesame seed cake was separated into four fractions (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ) according to the polarity, and all four fractions had a positive effect on the growth of cucumbers under a continuous cropping system. Fraction number Ⅲ was isolated into 25 proportions by silicon column, and only oleic acid, palmitic acid and octadecanoic acid were identified in proportion 10 by GC-MS in which 93.3% was oleic acid and palmitic acid. The oleic acid had a significant and positive effect on cucumber growth under salt stress at the level 30 mmol and showed slight resistance to several pathogenic fungi.
文摘油料作物由于含油量高、基质复杂,导致其弱极性多环芳烃类化合物提取率低,成为准确检测高油样品中多环芳烃的瓶颈。本文对比了16种多环芳烃的GC-MS/MS检测条件SIM(Single Ion Monitoring)模式和SRM(Selective Reaction Monitoring)模式质谱信号响应,SRM模式干扰峰更少,检出限更低;对比了QuEChERS和超声辅助提取方法对大豆、油菜籽、花生三种油料中16种多环芳烃的提取效果,超声辅助提取的基质效应很高,部分多环芳烃基质减弱80%以上,且油菜籽的提取稳定性差,部分相对标准偏差达到32%~45%。并比较了乙腈和丙酮作为QuCEhERS方法提取溶剂的提取效果。结果表明,QuCEhERS方法中乙腈作为提取溶剂,在极性最弱的多环芳烃回收率低,如苯并[b]荧蒽、苯并[k]荧蒽等,回收率甚至小于10%。而丙酮作为QuCEhERS方法提取溶剂,而在极性弱的多环芳烃中,回收率提高了3~5倍,适合提取高油样品中多环芳烃。三种油料基质匹配标准曲线的相关系数均在0.99以上。16种多环芳烃均能获得较好的回收率(58%~100%),相对标准偏差为0.4%~10.6%,方法稳定性好。
文摘Ricinus communis or castor bean is a non-edible oilseed plant widely cultivated worldwide for the high content of castor oil in its seeds and the different uses the oil has in the industry. An increase in its oil content and production efficiency is difficult, making understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the synthesis of oils in the seed necessary. Here, a combined analysis of protein-protein interaction networks was performed using public data on differential gene expression in castor bean seeds at different stages of development. From this analysis, four key enzymes were selected and analyzed in the polyunsaturated fatty acids pathways, whose gene expression was subsequently quantified during the development of the seeds in a Colombian cultivar that produces high amounts of oils and contrasted with a lower producing cultivar. The gene coding FAH12 was differentially expressed in the early stages of seed development in the high oil-producing cultivar and has differences in amino acids A242V and Q319H. The analysis presents this gene as one of those responsible for early ricinoleic acid synthesis, making it a candidate for use in crop genetic improvement programs to increase the oil content in castor bean.
文摘Crop production models are highly developed to account for different nitrogen, light, temperature and water availability conditions and, in some species, disease or air pollutant effects. There is very limited knowledge on responses of many tropical crops, such as oil palm (Elaeis guineensis), to air pollutants although predictions of these effects are essential for industrial planning in several countries. In the absence of limitations due to water supply, the effects of leaf area loss due to necrosis and chlorosis are much more important to canopy photosynthesis than are changes in the physiological attributes that influence the efficiency of light use. Therefore, potential losses of crop production due to air pollutants such as fluoride can be inferred usefully from the extent of visible injury to foliage that may be associated with different levels of pollutant exposure.
