Integrating Geochemical and Geophysical Method in Coexistence of Oil and Potassium to Identify K-rich Brine:Research and Application in Southwestern Sichuan

Lithology of Triassic in southwestern Sichuan is consistent with the whole basin,and there is no discussion about stratum division,the difference is stratum denudation which is made by the uplifting of Luzhou uplift,especially

INVESTIGATION OF THE PALEOGEOTHERMAL TECTONIC HISTORY ON DONGPU DEPRESSION AND OIL/GAS FORMATION BY FISSION-TRACK METHOD

Dongpu depression is a fault basin at residual-mobility period of Diwa stage, it developed on the strata of the Mesozoie and Pre-Mesozoie. It is one of the important oil/gas- bearing basin during Cenozoie era along the East China. The strueture in Dongpu geodepression is very complex. There exists a strueture pattern with east- and west-depression belts and one central swell belt, it is divided into the southern- and northern-division by Gaopingji (orMeng Ju ) -Xieheng fault.

Prediction of the Mooring Force of a 2-D Floating Oil Storage Tank

A Constrained Interpolation Profile （CIP）-based model is developed to predict the mooring force of a two-dimensional floating oil storage tank under wave conditions, which is validated against to a newly performed experiment. In the experiment, a box-shaped floating oil storage apparatus is used. Computations are performed by an improved CIP-based Cartesian grid model, in which the THINC/SW scheme （THINC： tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing; SW： Slope Weighting）, is used for interface capturing. A multiphase flow solver is adopted to treat the water-air-body interactions. The Immersed Boundary Method （IBM） is implemented to treat the body surface. Main attention is paid to the sum force of mooring line and velocity field around the body. It is found that the sum force of the mooring line increases with increasing wave amplitude. The body suffers from water wave impact and large body motions occur near the free surface. The vortex occurs near the sharp edge, i.e., the sharp bottom comers of the float- ing oil storage tank and the vortex shedding can be captured by the present numerical model. The present model could be further improved by including turbulence model which is currently under development. Comparison between the computational mooring forces and the measured mooring forces is presented with a reasonable agreement. The developed numerical model can predict the mooring line forces very well.

Chemical component analysis of volatile oil in drug pair Herba Ephedrae-Ramulus Cinnamomi by GC-MS and CRM

Active volatile components in drug pair(DP)Herba Ephedrae-Ramulus Cinnamomi(HE-RC),single drug HE and RC were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC/MS),chemometric resolution method(CRM)and overall volume integration.By means of CRM,the two-dimensional data obtained from GC-MS instruments were resolved into a pure chromatogram and a mass spectrum of each chemical compound.In total,97,62,and 78 volatile chemical components in volatile oil of HE,RC,and DP HE-RC,were respectively determined qualitatively and quantitatively,accounting for 90.08%,91.62%,and 89.76% total contents of volatile oil of HE,RC,and DP HE-RC respectively.It is further demonstrated that the numbers of volatile components of DP HE-RC are almost the sum of those of two single drugs,but some relative contents of them are changed.Some new components,such as 1,6-dimethylhepta-1,3,5-triene,tetracyclo[4.2.1.1(2,5).0(9,10)]deca-3,7-diene,globulol and(E,E)-6,10,14-trimethyl-5,9,13-pentadecatrien-2-one are found in DP HE-RC because of chemical reactions and physical changes during decoction.

Design and operation problems related to water curtain system forunderground water-sealed oil storage caverns

The underground water-sealed storage technique is critically important and generally accepted for the national energy strategy in China. Although several small underground water-sealed oil storage caverns have been built in China since the 1970s, there is still a lack of experience for large-volume underground storage in complicated geological conditions. The current design concept of water curtain system and the technical instruction for system operation have limitations in maintaining the stability of surrounding rock mass during the construction of the main storage caverns, as well as the long-term stability. Although several large-scale underground oil storage projects are under construction at present in China, the design concepts and construction methods, especially for the water curtain system, are mainly based on the ideal porosity medium flow theory and the experiences gained from the similar projects overseas. The storage projects currently constructed in China have the specific features such as huge scale, large depth, multiple-level arrangement, high seepage pressure, complicated geological conditions, and high in situ stresses, which are the challenging issues for the stability of the storage caverns. Based on years’ experiences obtained from the first large-scale （millions of cubic meters） underground water-sealed oil storage project in China, some design and operation problems related to water curtain system during project construction are discussed. The drawbacks and merits of the water curtain system are also presented. As an example, the conventional concept of “filling joints with water” is widely used in many cases, as a basic concept for the design of the water curtain system, but it is immature. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the conventional concept are pointed out, with respect to the long-term stability as well as the safety of construction of storage caverns. Finally, new concepts and principles for design and construction of the underground water-sealed oil storage caverns are proposed.

Sustained release of isoniazid from polylactide microspheres prepared using solid/oil drug loading method for tuberculosis treatment

Polylactide(PLA) microspheres were prepared using the solid-in-oil(S/O) spray-drying method to achieve the sustained release of a hydrophilic drug for the treatment of tuberculosis, via intratracheal instillation. Isoniazid(IN), a low-molecular-weight hydrophilic drug, was used as a model drug. The effects of various sizes of micronized IN powder, different drug/polymer ratios, spray-drying process parameters, and drug-release characteristics were studied to optimize the manufacturing parameters. A high entrapment efficiency(87.3%) was obtained using this method; furthermore, the microspheres were spherical and smooth. They were individually and homogenously distributed, with a mean diameter of 5.6 μm; furthermore, they showed a satisfactory extended sustained-release phase. After administration of the microspheres to rats, pulmonary drug concentrations were maintained at a relatively stable level for up to 4 weeks.

A novel infrared spectrophotometric method for the rapid determination of petroleum hydrocarbons,and animal and vegetable oils in water

To determine the concentrations of total oils,petroleum hydrocarbons,and animal and vegetable oils in water,the conventional analytical methods involve two scans as well as a step of magnesium silicate adsorption to remove the animal and vegetable oils in water samples.In this study,a novel analytical method was developed to determine the above oils in wastewater samples through just one scan—the concentration of animal and vegetable oils,and that of total oils were determined by measuring the absorbance of the 〉C=O bond in the peak area between 1750 cm and 1735 cm^（-1）,and of the C-H bond at 2930 cm^（-1）,2960 cm,and 3030 cm^（-1）,respectively.The concentration of petroleum hydrocarbons was then calculated by subtracting the concentration of animal and vegetable oils from that of total oils.Compared with the well-known analytical method GB/T 16488-1996,the novel approach displayed similar accuracy in the quantitative determination of oils in wastewater samples,but significantly reduced material cost and operation time.

Optimization of hot air drying process for tiger nut and analysis of fatty acid composition of tiger nut oil

Hot air temperature,hot air humidity,and hot wind speed were selected as independent variables of quadratic orthogonal rotation combination test design through single factor test.Drying time,energy consumption,chromatism value,luminosity value,hardness,rehydration ratio,and other indexes of the product were used as the response value of the test.Response surface methodology(RSM)was used to analyze the effects of independent variables on the quality of tiger nut(Cyperus esculentus L.),and the process parameters were combined and optimized.The results show that the suitable technological conditions for hot air drying of tiger nut are as follows:hot air temperature of 63.15°C,hot air humidity of 44.92%,hot air wind speed of 2.48 m/s.Under these conditions,the product has the advantages of the short drying cycle,low energy consumption,good color and luster,low hardness and good rehydration performance.The fatty acid composition and content of tiger nut oil were determined by gas chromatography.The fatty acid composition and content of tiger nut oil were compared with those of soybean oil,olive oil,rapeseed oil and sesame oil,the results show that among the saturated fatty acids in tiger nut oil,palm oil had the highest content of 11.172%,which was between soybean oil and olive oil.The main composition of unsaturated fatty acids in tiger nut oil is oleic acid,with a content of 77.605%,which is 3.6 times higher than that of soybean oil,and even higher than that of olive oil.