AIM： To detect the common intestinal pathogenic bacteria quickly and accurately.METHODS： A rapid （〈3 h） experimental procedure was set up based upon the gene chip technology, Target genes were amplified and hybri...AIM： To detect the common intestinal pathogenic bacteria quickly and accurately.METHODS： A rapid （〈3 h） experimental procedure was set up based upon the gene chip technology, Target genes were amplified and hybridized by oligonucleotide microarrays.RESULTS： One hundred and seventy strains of bacteria in pure culture belonging to 11 genera were successfully discriminated under comparatively same conditions, and a series of specific hybridization maps corresponding to each kind of bacteria were obtained. When this method was applied to 26 divided cultures, 25 （96.2%） were identified.CONCLUSION： Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus , Proteus sp., Bacillus cereus, Vibrio cholerae, Enterococcus faecalis, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Campylobacter jejuni can be detected and identified by our microarrays. The accuracy, range, and discrimination power of this assay can be continually improved by adding further oligonudeotides to the arrays without any significant increase of complexity or cost.展开更多
The wealth of DNA data generated by the human genome project coupling with recently invented high-throughput gene expression profiling techniques has dramatically sped up the process for biomedical researchers on eluc...The wealth of DNA data generated by the human genome project coupling with recently invented high-throughput gene expression profiling techniques has dramatically sped up the process for biomedical researchers on elucidating the role of genes in human diseases. One powerful method to reveal insight into gene functions is the systematic analysis of gene expression. Two popular high-throughput gene expression technologies, microarray and Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) are capable of producing large amounts of gene expression data with the potential of providing novel insights into fundamental disease processes, especially complex syndromes such as cardiovascular disease, whose etiologies are due to multiple genetic factors and their interplay with the environment. Microarray and SAGE have already been used to examine gene expression patterns of cell-culture, animal and human tissues models of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we will first give a brief introduction of microarray and SAGE technologies and point out their limitations. We will then discuss the major discoveries and the new biological insightsthat have emerged from their applications to cardiovascular diseases. Finally we will touch upon potential challenges and future developments in this area.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of the ethanol metabolizing enzymes and the occurrence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). METHODS: Sixty-five healthy male controls and 165 alcoholis...OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of the ethanol metabolizing enzymes and the occurrence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). METHODS: Sixty-five healthy male controls and 165 alcoholisms (including 122 ALD patients and 43 male alcohol abusers without liver complications defined as alcohol-dependent) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and hybridized with oligonucleotide microarray to detect the polymorphisms of the ethanol metabolizing enzymes genes. RESULTS: The frequencies of alcohol dehydrogenase gene 2 * 1 ( ADH2 * 1 ) allele were shown as 37.69%, 46.51% and 59.02% in control, alcohol-dependent and ALD groups respectively; while those of ADH2 * 2 allele were shown as 62.31 %, 53.49% and 40.98% respectively. No ADH2 * 3 was detected in any of the subjects. The frequency of ADH2 * 1 was significantly higher in alcoholisms (ALD group and alcohol-dependent group) than in healthy controls ( P展开更多
Background Extracellular matrix (ECM) orchestrates cell behaviour including growth, death, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and invasion by activating several signalling pathways Certain components of ECM, such as ...Background Extracellular matrix (ECM) orchestrates cell behaviour including growth, death, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and invasion by activating several signalling pathways Certain components of ECM, such as integrins, may act as receptors or co-receptors of enterovirus ECM-activated gene expressions in myocardium of viral heart disease including myocarditis and partial cardiomyopathy remain elusive This study was to investigate the expression of ECM-activated genes in myocardium of mouse with viral myocarditis Methods BALB/c mice were infected with Coxsackie virus B 3 (CVB 3) to establish an animal model of myocarditis Uninfected mice were also prepared and served as controls Specific mRNA expression pattern in myocarditic mouse heart was analysed by an in-house cDNA microarray containing 8192 genes Overexpressed ECM genes were selected and subsequently confirmed by Northern blot analysis Results Nine ECM genes were isolated, from the array of 8192 genes, as overexpressed genes in hearts of myocarditic mice in comparison with controls Subsequent Northern blot analysis confirmed that four of the nine genes were highly expressed Expression of these four genes, Fin15, ILk, Lamr1 and ADAMTS-1, has not been reported previously to be induced by Coxsackie virus Conclusion CVB 3-induced myocarditis is associated with gene expression profiles of certain ECM components展开更多
Objective ：To study the differences of gene expression between earlier gestational skin and later gestational skin of rats with the aids of single primer amplification （SPA） and high-density oligonucleotide DNA arr...Objective ：To study the differences of gene expression between earlier gestational skin and later gestational skin of rats with the aids of single primer amplification （SPA） and high-density oligonucleotide DNA array to understand the molecular mechanism of scarless healing. Methods： Total RNAs were isolated from fetal rat skin of the scarless（E15） and scar-forming （ E18 ） periods of gestation （term = 21.5 days）. The RNAs from earlier gestational skin （ EGS ） and later gestational skin （ LGS ） were both reversely transcribed to cDNAs, then labeled with the incorporation of fluorescent dCTP for preparing the hybridization probes by SPA method. The mixed probes were then hybridized to the oligonucleotide DNA arrays which contained 5 705 probes representing 5 705 rat genes. After highly stringent washing, these DNA arrays were scanned for fluorescent signals to display the differentially expressed genes between the 2 groups of skin. Results. Among 5 705 rat genes, there were 53 genes （0.93%） with differentially expressed levels between EGS and LGS groups, 27 genes, including fibroblast growth factor 2 （ FGF2 ） and follistatin were up-regulated （0.47%） and 26 genes were down-regulated （0.46%） in fetal skin during scarless period versus scar-forming period. Higher expressions of FGF2 and follistatin in EGS than those in LGS were also revealed by RT-PCR method. Conclusions： High-density oligonucleotide DNA array provided a powerful tool for investigating differential gene expression in earlier and later gestational fetal skins. This technology validates that the mechanism of fetal scarless healing is very complicate and the change of many gene expressions is associated with fetal scarless healing.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical differentiation of spleen-deficiency pattern(SDP), a group of symptoms and signs defined in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for its clinical practice.METHODS: Peripheral ve...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical differentiation of spleen-deficiency pattern(SDP), a group of symptoms and signs defined in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for its clinical practice.METHODS: Peripheral venous blood(> 3 m L) was collected from each of six type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)-SDP patients and six healthy volunteers. After the isolation of peripheral white blood cells(PWBCs), total RNA was extracted, and quality control was performed on all RNA samples. Microarray experiments were conducted using the Agilent human whole genome gene chip, and genes demonstrating differential expression were screened. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted on these genes using several online databases.RESULTS: We screened a total of 175 differentially expressed genes(DEGs), of which 111(63%) were down-regulated and 64(37%) were up-regulated in T2DM-SDP patients compared with healthy controls. Among the 175 genes, 158 had biological function annotations: 46(29%) were directly related to an individual's immune regulation or response, 25(16%) were associated with substance and energy metabolism of PWBCs which could also indirectly influence immunity, and the remaining87(55%) were involved in a variety of PWBC biological processes that might eventually influence the immune function. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were predominantly enriched in seven immune-related pathways. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified gene expression patterns that were distinguishable between the two study groups.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that T2DM-SDP patients experience significant hypoimmunity and/or immune dysfunctions, and possess a specific gene expression profile. These findings offer new insights into SDP and the clinical pattern differentiation of T2DM-SDP.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in gene expression profiles in the hypothalamus related to the effects of acupuncture at the Renying(ST 9) acupoint in spontaneously hypertensive(SH) rats.METHODS: We randomly divided...OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in gene expression profiles in the hypothalamus related to the effects of acupuncture at the Renying(ST 9) acupoint in spontaneously hypertensive(SH) rats.METHODS: We randomly divided 18 SH rats into Renying(ST 9) group and model control group, 9 body weight-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as blank controls. Acupuncture was performed manually for 20-min daily over 28 d in the Renying(ST 9) group. Rat Gene 2.0 array technology was used for the determination of gene expression profiles and the screened key genes were verified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) analyses.RESULTS: The different groups exhibited differential gene expression: compared with the blank control group, 48 genes were up-regulated and 91 genes were down-regulated in the model group;compared with the model group, 79 genes were up-regulated and 80 genes were down-regulated in Renying(ST 9) group. The RT-PCR results of the key genes including Chi3 l1, Ephx2, Klk1, 5-HT1 A and Cbs were consistent with that of gene chip analysis.CONCLUTION: Acupuncture at Renying(ST 9)could significantly lower the blood pressure of SH rats and affect their hypothalamic gene expression profile. Genes associated with the contraction of vascular smooth muscle and the regulation of inflammation, neurotransmitters may be involved in acupuncture's antihypertensive mechanism.展开更多
Pallister-Killian syndrome （PKS） is a rare and sporadic genetic disorder due to tissue-limited mosaicism for supernumerary isochromosome 12p（i（12p））, which is usually absent or at low-level mosaicism in cultured...Pallister-Killian syndrome （PKS） is a rare and sporadic genetic disorder due to tissue-limited mosaicism for supernumerary isochromosome 12p（i（12p））, which is usually absent or at low-level mosaicism in cultured lymphocytes but present in fibroblasts. PKS was first described in adults by Pallister in 19771 and later in children by Killian and Teschler-Nicola in 1981.2 An accurate incidence is unknown. It is clinically characterized by profound mental retardation, seizures,hypotonia, supernumerary nipples, pigmentary dysplasia,diaphragmatic hernia, ＂coarse＂ face, including prominent forehead with sparse anterior scalp hair, hypertelorism,short nose with anteverted nares, flat nasal bridge, long philtrum, cleft palate and short neck. Here we report a patient with PKS, who is the first confirmed case with PKS in China's Mainland. Molecular analysis was performed to explore the formation mechanism of i（12p）.The results suggest that the maternal meiosis Ⅱ sister chromatid non-disjunction was likely the first step in the formation of i（12p）, followed by postzygotic mitotic centromeric misdivision.展开更多
Background Variation in prostate cancer incidence between different racial groups has been well documented, for which genetic polymorphisms are hypothesized to be an explanation. We evaluated the association between p...Background Variation in prostate cancer incidence between different racial groups has been well documented, for which genetic polymorphisms are hypothesized to be an explanation. We evaluated the association between polymorphisms in the cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 （CYP1A1） and glutathione S-transferase M1 （GSTM1） genes and genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer in Chinese men.Methods TWO hundred and eight prostate cancer patients and 230 age matched controls were enrolled in this study. All DNA samples from peripheral blood lymphocytes were genotyped for common genetic polymorphisms of the CYP1A1 and GSTM1 genes using the oligonucleotide microarray （DNA chip） technique and the polymorphism results confirmed by sequencing. The different polymorphisms in prostate cancer patients were also analyzed according to age at diagnosis, prostate specific antigen level, cancer stage and grade （Gleason score）.Results The prevalence of the GSTM1 （0/0） genotype was significantly higher in prostate cancer patients （58.2%） than in controls （41.7%, P〈0.05）. Further analysis demonstrated that the prostate cancer patients with a GSTM1 （0/0） genotype were younger than those with the GSTM1 （＋/＋） genotype （P=-0.024）. No significant differences in the frequency distributions of CYP1A1 polymorphisms were observed between prostate cancer patients and controls.Conclusion GSTM1 （0/0）-gene polymorphism may be linked to prostate cancer risk and early age of Onset in Chinese.展开更多
Objective： To discovery the central mechanism of acupuncture Heart Meridian precondition myocardial ischemia in gene expression pattern, the authors applied gene chip tech to filter variably expressed genes in hypoth...Objective： To discovery the central mechanism of acupuncture Heart Meridian precondition myocardial ischemia in gene expression pattern, the authors applied gene chip tech to filter variably expressed genes in hypothalamus. Methods： Rats were seperated into normal, model, acupuncture Heart Meridian group and acup Lung Meridian group randomly. Acute myocardial ischemia rat model was made with ligation left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. After model succeed, select hypothalamus seperately and mixed the same group together of 3 rats. Then applied Rats U230A genechip refered by Affymetrix Co. to compare the variations between these groups. Results： To compare with normal group, differential expression genes and expression sequence tags （ESTs） in model group were 73 with signal log ratio ≥ 1 and 92 with signal log ratio ≤-1 , mainly included ion channel, calcium/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ inhibitor, antigen and so on. Similarly, compared with model group, differential expression genes and expression sequence tags （ESTs） were 190 with signal log ratio ≥ 1 and 34 with signal log ratio ≤-1 in acupuncture Heart Meridian group, mainly included 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, cellular metabolism, fatty, immuno reaction, G-protein coupled receptors, ion transport, signal transductions and so on, while in acupucnturc Lung Meridian, the number is 57 and 26 correspondly. Conclusion： There were exactly variations in hypothalamus mechanism that relate to acupuncture Heart and Lung Meridians.展开更多
基金Supported by the National High Technology ResearchDevelopment Program of China (863 Program), No.2002AA2Z2011
文摘AIM： To detect the common intestinal pathogenic bacteria quickly and accurately.METHODS： A rapid （〈3 h） experimental procedure was set up based upon the gene chip technology, Target genes were amplified and hybridized by oligonucleotide microarrays.RESULTS： One hundred and seventy strains of bacteria in pure culture belonging to 11 genera were successfully discriminated under comparatively same conditions, and a series of specific hybridization maps corresponding to each kind of bacteria were obtained. When this method was applied to 26 divided cultures, 25 （96.2%） were identified.CONCLUSION： Salmonella sp., Escherichia coli, Shigella sp., Listeria monocytogenes, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Staphylococcus aureus , Proteus sp., Bacillus cereus, Vibrio cholerae, Enterococcus faecalis, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Campylobacter jejuni can be detected and identified by our microarrays. The accuracy, range, and discrimination power of this assay can be continually improved by adding further oligonudeotides to the arrays without any significant increase of complexity or cost.
基金Part of studies cited in this review was in partsupported by Johns Hopkins Institutional ResearchGrant(Ye,SQ),a pilot project(Ye,SQ)in The Hop-kins DK Center for the Analysis of Gene Expres-sion(R24DK58757-01,NIDDK)and Dorothy WallisWagner Charitable Tru
文摘The wealth of DNA data generated by the human genome project coupling with recently invented high-throughput gene expression profiling techniques has dramatically sped up the process for biomedical researchers on elucidating the role of genes in human diseases. One powerful method to reveal insight into gene functions is the systematic analysis of gene expression. Two popular high-throughput gene expression technologies, microarray and Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) are capable of producing large amounts of gene expression data with the potential of providing novel insights into fundamental disease processes, especially complex syndromes such as cardiovascular disease, whose etiologies are due to multiple genetic factors and their interplay with the environment. Microarray and SAGE have already been used to examine gene expression patterns of cell-culture, animal and human tissues models of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we will first give a brief introduction of microarray and SAGE technologies and point out their limitations. We will then discuss the major discoveries and the new biological insightsthat have emerged from their applications to cardiovascular diseases. Finally we will touch upon potential challenges and future developments in this area.
文摘OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of the ethanol metabolizing enzymes and the occurrence of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). METHODS: Sixty-five healthy male controls and 165 alcoholisms (including 122 ALD patients and 43 male alcohol abusers without liver complications defined as alcohol-dependent) were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and hybridized with oligonucleotide microarray to detect the polymorphisms of the ethanol metabolizing enzymes genes. RESULTS: The frequencies of alcohol dehydrogenase gene 2 * 1 ( ADH2 * 1 ) allele were shown as 37.69%, 46.51% and 59.02% in control, alcohol-dependent and ALD groups respectively; while those of ADH2 * 2 allele were shown as 62.31 %, 53.49% and 40.98% respectively. No ADH2 * 3 was detected in any of the subjects. The frequency of ADH2 * 1 was significantly higher in alcoholisms (ALD group and alcohol-dependent group) than in healthy controls ( P
基金ThisworkwassupportedbytheNationalNatureScienceFoundationofChina (No 3 0 2 71665 )
文摘Background Extracellular matrix (ECM) orchestrates cell behaviour including growth, death, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and invasion by activating several signalling pathways Certain components of ECM, such as integrins, may act as receptors or co-receptors of enterovirus ECM-activated gene expressions in myocardium of viral heart disease including myocarditis and partial cardiomyopathy remain elusive This study was to investigate the expression of ECM-activated genes in myocardium of mouse with viral myocarditis Methods BALB/c mice were infected with Coxsackie virus B 3 (CVB 3) to establish an animal model of myocarditis Uninfected mice were also prepared and served as controls Specific mRNA expression pattern in myocarditic mouse heart was analysed by an in-house cDNA microarray containing 8192 genes Overexpressed ECM genes were selected and subsequently confirmed by Northern blot analysis Results Nine ECM genes were isolated, from the array of 8192 genes, as overexpressed genes in hearts of myocarditic mice in comparison with controls Subsequent Northern blot analysis confirmed that four of the nine genes were highly expressed Expression of these four genes, Fin15, ILk, Lamr1 and ADAMTS-1, has not been reported previously to be induced by Coxsackie virus Conclusion CVB 3-induced myocarditis is associated with gene expression profiles of certain ECM components
基金This work was supported in part by National Basic Science and Development Program (973 Program, 2005CB52203 )National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 30230370,30400172)
文摘Objective ：To study the differences of gene expression between earlier gestational skin and later gestational skin of rats with the aids of single primer amplification （SPA） and high-density oligonucleotide DNA array to understand the molecular mechanism of scarless healing. Methods： Total RNAs were isolated from fetal rat skin of the scarless（E15） and scar-forming （ E18 ） periods of gestation （term = 21.5 days）. The RNAs from earlier gestational skin （ EGS ） and later gestational skin （ LGS ） were both reversely transcribed to cDNAs, then labeled with the incorporation of fluorescent dCTP for preparing the hybridization probes by SPA method. The mixed probes were then hybridized to the oligonucleotide DNA arrays which contained 5 705 probes representing 5 705 rat genes. After highly stringent washing, these DNA arrays were scanned for fluorescent signals to display the differentially expressed genes between the 2 groups of skin. Results. Among 5 705 rat genes, there were 53 genes （0.93%） with differentially expressed levels between EGS and LGS groups, 27 genes, including fibroblast growth factor 2 （ FGF2 ） and follistatin were up-regulated （0.47%） and 26 genes were down-regulated （0.46%） in fetal skin during scarless period versus scar-forming period. Higher expressions of FGF2 and follistatin in EGS than those in LGS were also revealed by RT-PCR method. Conclusions： High-density oligonucleotide DNA array provided a powerful tool for investigating differential gene expression in earlier and later gestational fetal skins. This technology validates that the mechanism of fetal scarless healing is very complicate and the change of many gene expressions is associated with fetal scarless healing.
基金Supported by the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province of China(Study on the Relevance Between the Pi-Deficiency Syndrome and Gene Differential Expression Profile of Immunity and Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetic MellitusNo.20123001)+8 种基金Special Funds from the Central Finance of China in Support of the Development of Local Colleges and Universities[Collaborative Innovation Platform for the Prevention and Treatment of Significant and Refractory Pi-Wei DiseasesEducational Finance Grant No.338(2013)]the National Natural Science Foundation of China(the Mechanism Study of Salivary Alpha Amylase Activity Change in Pi-Deficiency Syndrome Patients Based on the AMY1 Copy Number VariationN-Glycosylated Protein Level and β-Adrenergic Receptor ActivationNo.81102703)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China (miRNA as Material Basis for the New Hypothesis"Pi-Metabolism Relevance"and Study on the Molecular Mechanisms of Treating Metabolic Disorders Through PiNo.2013A032500005)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical differentiation of spleen-deficiency pattern(SDP), a group of symptoms and signs defined in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine for its clinical practice.METHODS: Peripheral venous blood(> 3 m L) was collected from each of six type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)-SDP patients and six healthy volunteers. After the isolation of peripheral white blood cells(PWBCs), total RNA was extracted, and quality control was performed on all RNA samples. Microarray experiments were conducted using the Agilent human whole genome gene chip, and genes demonstrating differential expression were screened. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted on these genes using several online databases.RESULTS: We screened a total of 175 differentially expressed genes(DEGs), of which 111(63%) were down-regulated and 64(37%) were up-regulated in T2DM-SDP patients compared with healthy controls. Among the 175 genes, 158 had biological function annotations: 46(29%) were directly related to an individual's immune regulation or response, 25(16%) were associated with substance and energy metabolism of PWBCs which could also indirectly influence immunity, and the remaining87(55%) were involved in a variety of PWBC biological processes that might eventually influence the immune function. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were predominantly enriched in seven immune-related pathways. Hierarchical cluster analysis identified gene expression patterns that were distinguishable between the two study groups.CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that T2DM-SDP patients experience significant hypoimmunity and/or immune dysfunctions, and possess a specific gene expression profile. These findings offer new insights into SDP and the clinical pattern differentiation of T2DM-SDP.
基金Supported by a Grant from the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry Subject:the Study and Application of Acupuncture in the Prevention and Treatment of Stroke of the Primary Hypertension(No.201507001-08)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in gene expression profiles in the hypothalamus related to the effects of acupuncture at the Renying(ST 9) acupoint in spontaneously hypertensive(SH) rats.METHODS: We randomly divided 18 SH rats into Renying(ST 9) group and model control group, 9 body weight-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as blank controls. Acupuncture was performed manually for 20-min daily over 28 d in the Renying(ST 9) group. Rat Gene 2.0 array technology was used for the determination of gene expression profiles and the screened key genes were verified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) analyses.RESULTS: The different groups exhibited differential gene expression: compared with the blank control group, 48 genes were up-regulated and 91 genes were down-regulated in the model group;compared with the model group, 79 genes were up-regulated and 80 genes were down-regulated in Renying(ST 9) group. The RT-PCR results of the key genes including Chi3 l1, Ephx2, Klk1, 5-HT1 A and Cbs were consistent with that of gene chip analysis.CONCLUTION: Acupuncture at Renying(ST 9)could significantly lower the blood pressure of SH rats and affect their hypothalamic gene expression profile. Genes associated with the contraction of vascular smooth muscle and the regulation of inflammation, neurotransmitters may be involved in acupuncture's antihypertensive mechanism.
基金This study was supported by the National Key Technology R＆D Program of China （No. 2006BAI05A08） and National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30571021）.
文摘Pallister-Killian syndrome （PKS） is a rare and sporadic genetic disorder due to tissue-limited mosaicism for supernumerary isochromosome 12p（i（12p））, which is usually absent or at low-level mosaicism in cultured lymphocytes but present in fibroblasts. PKS was first described in adults by Pallister in 19771 and later in children by Killian and Teschler-Nicola in 1981.2 An accurate incidence is unknown. It is clinically characterized by profound mental retardation, seizures,hypotonia, supernumerary nipples, pigmentary dysplasia,diaphragmatic hernia, ＂coarse＂ face, including prominent forehead with sparse anterior scalp hair, hypertelorism,short nose with anteverted nares, flat nasal bridge, long philtrum, cleft palate and short neck. Here we report a patient with PKS, who is the first confirmed case with PKS in China's Mainland. Molecular analysis was performed to explore the formation mechanism of i（12p）.The results suggest that the maternal meiosis Ⅱ sister chromatid non-disjunction was likely the first step in the formation of i（12p）, followed by postzygotic mitotic centromeric misdivision.
文摘Background Variation in prostate cancer incidence between different racial groups has been well documented, for which genetic polymorphisms are hypothesized to be an explanation. We evaluated the association between polymorphisms in the cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 （CYP1A1） and glutathione S-transferase M1 （GSTM1） genes and genetic susceptibility to prostate cancer in Chinese men.Methods TWO hundred and eight prostate cancer patients and 230 age matched controls were enrolled in this study. All DNA samples from peripheral blood lymphocytes were genotyped for common genetic polymorphisms of the CYP1A1 and GSTM1 genes using the oligonucleotide microarray （DNA chip） technique and the polymorphism results confirmed by sequencing. The different polymorphisms in prostate cancer patients were also analyzed according to age at diagnosis, prostate specific antigen level, cancer stage and grade （Gleason score）.Results The prevalence of the GSTM1 （0/0） genotype was significantly higher in prostate cancer patients （58.2%） than in controls （41.7%, P〈0.05）. Further analysis demonstrated that the prostate cancer patients with a GSTM1 （0/0） genotype were younger than those with the GSTM1 （＋/＋） genotype （P=-0.024）. No significant differences in the frequency distributions of CYP1A1 polymorphisms were observed between prostate cancer patients and controls.Conclusion GSTM1 （0/0）-gene polymorphism may be linked to prostate cancer risk and early age of Onset in Chinese.
文摘Objective： To discovery the central mechanism of acupuncture Heart Meridian precondition myocardial ischemia in gene expression pattern, the authors applied gene chip tech to filter variably expressed genes in hypothalamus. Methods： Rats were seperated into normal, model, acupuncture Heart Meridian group and acup Lung Meridian group randomly. Acute myocardial ischemia rat model was made with ligation left anterior descending branch of the coronary artery. After model succeed, select hypothalamus seperately and mixed the same group together of 3 rats. Then applied Rats U230A genechip refered by Affymetrix Co. to compare the variations between these groups. Results： To compare with normal group, differential expression genes and expression sequence tags （ESTs） in model group were 73 with signal log ratio ≥ 1 and 92 with signal log ratio ≤-1 , mainly included ion channel, calcium/ calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ inhibitor, antigen and so on. Similarly, compared with model group, differential expression genes and expression sequence tags （ESTs） were 190 with signal log ratio ≥ 1 and 34 with signal log ratio ≤-1 in acupuncture Heart Meridian group, mainly included 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, cellular metabolism, fatty, immuno reaction, G-protein coupled receptors, ion transport, signal transductions and so on, while in acupucnturc Lung Meridian, the number is 57 and 26 correspondly. Conclusion： There were exactly variations in hypothalamus mechanism that relate to acupuncture Heart and Lung Meridians.
