[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmiodes Oliver leaves （AEO） on liver mitochondrial injury induced by free radicals. [Method] MDA content was determi...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmiodes Oliver leaves （AEO） on liver mitochondrial injury induced by free radicals. [Method] MDA content was determined by thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method; mitochondrial swelling degree was determined by spectrophotometry; the superoxide anion radical scavenging ability was determined using reduced coenzyme I-tetrazolium-phenazine methosulfate as the superoxide anion generation system. Mice were hypodermically injected in the back and neck with D- galactose, after 50 d, the effects of AEO on the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and anti-hydroxyl radicals in mouse liver were determined using kits. [Result] AEO can efficiently reduce the liver injury and inhibit mitochondrial swelling induced by Fe2＋-L-Cys, which can also scavenge superoxide anion and improve the activities of antioxidant enzymes. [Conclusion] This study provided scientific basis for the development and application of AEO resources.展开更多
As a master of language, Charles Dickens was good at creating a kind of humorous or ironic atmosphere by using the same word. This paper focuses on the word "board" used as a pun in Chapter Ⅱ in Oliver Twis...As a master of language, Charles Dickens was good at creating a kind of humorous or ironic atmosphere by using the same word. This paper focuses on the word "board" used as a pun in Chapter Ⅱ in Oliver Twist to analyze its features and functions.展开更多
The chemical components of the essential oils in the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver were analyzed and compared by chromatograms and mass spectra technique, heuristic evolving latent projections (HELP), a...The chemical components of the essential oils in the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver were analyzed and compared by chromatograms and mass spectra technique, heuristic evolving latent projections (HELP), alternative moving window factor analysis (AMWFA) algorithms and normalization method based on the peak areas; the flavones in the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver were separated on an ODS column by gradient elution carried out with the flow phase consisting of water, methanol and phosphoric acid (0.1%), and their contents were quantitatively determined by standard curve method and diode array detection (DAD) at 362 nm. The results show that 68 and 73 compounds respectively from essential oils of the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver are identified, and there are 33 mutual compounds among 108 compounds determined. The total contents of these volatile components of the two samples possess 92.9% and 97.75% of the gross of the relevant essential oils, respectively; the contents of the rutin, quercetin and kaempferol in the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver are 0.016 9, 0.003 6, 0.002 1 and 0.064 4, 0.030 2, 0.010 0 mg/g, respectively, and the determination recoveries are 95.2%-106.2%. The comparative analysis shows that for the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, there are significant differences in their components of the relevant essential oils and flavones.展开更多
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver is a native plant and valuable tonic Chinese medicine in China with a long history,great economic value and comprehensive development potential.Traditionally,the comprehensive utilization rate...Eucommia ulmoides Oliver is a native plant and valuable tonic Chinese medicine in China with a long history,great economic value and comprehensive development potential.Traditionally,the comprehensive utilization rate of E.ulmoides Oliv.is still very low,only bark has been used as medicine and other parts of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.cannot be fully utilized,even the leaves have been well utilized in food products in Japan in the past decades.In order to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of E.ulmoides Oliv.,in this review,we summarized the varieties and contents of main active compounds,biological functions and pharmacological effects in different parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.The findings suggest that other parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.could replace the bark of E.ulmoides Oliv.to some extent besides of their respective applications.The unique and extensive physiological functions between different parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.indicate that the comprehensive utilization of E.ulmoides Oliv.has a wide space to develop,which is also an effective way to protect E.ulmoides Oliv.resources and improve its the utilization rate.展开更多
The theory of foregrounding is a theory of crucial and critical importance in Stylistics.In stylistic analysis,foregrounding refers to the work with literary and artistic importance,especially the deviation of languag...The theory of foregrounding is a theory of crucial and critical importance in Stylistics.In stylistic analysis,foregrounding refers to the work with literary and artistic importance,especially the deviation of language,prominent in the background which belongs to the normal conventions of language.Charles Dickens is one of the greatest and critical realist writers of the Victorian Age in British.In his representative work Oliver Twist,by the bitter exposure of the terrible conditions in the English workhouse of the time and the cruel treatment of a poor orphan by all sorts of philanthropist,the author criticizes harshly the dark and criminal underworld life and succeeds in calling forth the reader's sympathy for the down-trodden people of the lower classes,especially the children.Through his master skill of the use of foregrounding,Dickens constructs various kinds of background introductions where is full of suspense and symbol,and it seems that all the backgrounds are inseparably closed to the fate of the protagonist,leaving a clue for the reader to pick out the main idea of the total work.This thesis firstly reviews the theory of foregrounding and then analyses the foregrounding using in the background introductions in Oliver Twist,presenting a holistic overview the aim of the author and what he aims at expressing through the intended background description.展开更多
Dickens, a great realist novelist in his time, captured the popularity as no other novelist had done. And Oliver Twist,one of his successful works, greatly displays his genius in the novel. Oliver is a perfect figure ...Dickens, a great realist novelist in his time, captured the popularity as no other novelist had done. And Oliver Twist,one of his successful works, greatly displays his genius in the novel. Oliver is a perfect figure created by Dickens. In this paper, we will discuss the humanities by analyzing Oliver's personality and thus build a better understanding of the novel and the great writer Dickens.展开更多
As the most popular English novelist Charles Dickens' s early literary works, the English works Oliver Twist, or The Parish Boy's Progress, showed people the different characters. It mainly described an unmarr...As the most popular English novelist Charles Dickens' s early literary works, the English works Oliver Twist, or The Parish Boy's Progress, showed people the different characters. It mainly described an unmarried woman without a wedding ring in a public buildings in a certain town died after giving birth to an orphan. The author through the orphan Oliver Twist's sufferings, described a child not changed his good nature no matter how bad the environment was, not dyed by the surrounding environment, finally adopted by a gentleman to live a happy life. At the same time, the works also described some ugly social phenomenon, as represented by the Jews Fagin and Bill Sikes used children to steal, and guided them for error education, made the children went to a circuit. The author depicted some distinctive characters, but also had its limitations. The author was too idealistic in depicting the bourgeois virtues, but in depicting the social crime phenomenon reflected his prejudice against the Jews.展开更多
Charles Dickens （1812-1870） is a 19th century British writer, and he is the main representative of realism. Oliver Twist is the first social novel that discloses a variety of evils under the world of money. In this ...Charles Dickens （1812-1870） is a 19th century British writer, and he is the main representative of realism. Oliver Twist is the first social novel that discloses a variety of evils under the world of money. In this novel, his childhood＇s experiences supply Dickens a large quantity of writing materials. The author holds a decent moral code and encourages government to reform. It is of profound meaning for constructing harmonious and modem society.展开更多
Gibberellic acid controlled the key developmental processes of the life cycle of landing plants,and regulated the growth and development of plants.In this study,a novel gibberellin receptor gene EuGID1 was obtained fr...Gibberellic acid controlled the key developmental processes of the life cycle of landing plants,and regulated the growth and development of plants.In this study,a novel gibberellin receptor gene EuGID1 was obtained from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver.The cDNA of EuGID1 was 1556 bp,and the open reading frame was 1029 bp,which encoded 343 amino acids.EuGID1 had the homology sequence with the hormone-sensitive lipase family.Amino acid sequence alignment confirmed EuGID1 protein had the highest homology with the GID1 protein of Manihot esculenta.EuGID1 was located in the nucleus and cell membrane and had expression in four plant organs.Overexpression of EuGID1 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants promoted plant elongation and increased siliques yield.展开更多
Oliver Twist, one of the masterpieces of Charles Dickens, published in 1838, is a famous novel reflecting the miserablelife of the laboring people and the poor people in Britain in the 18 th century. From the novel, t...Oliver Twist, one of the masterpieces of Charles Dickens, published in 1838, is a famous novel reflecting the miserablelife of the laboring people and the poor people in Britain in the 18 th century. From the novel, the author revealed the hideous masksof the merciless criminals. In addition, it exposed the terror and violence hidden in the narrow and dirty streets in London. As thehero of the novel, Oliver Twist, an orphan, who was grown up in a world full of crime and indifference. Both his body and mind suf-fered great pains, such as constant hunger, thirst, even beating and abuse. But fortunately, he met many kind people, such as Mr.Brownlow, Nancy, Rose Maylie, who helped him a lot. With their help, it is clear that the devil was conquered by the goodness even-tually. To our relief, Oliver lived a happy life in the end. The thesis mainly analyzes the social background in Victorian era, thepure nature of Oliver and Nancy in this novel, and the social significance of Oliver Twist.展开更多
基金Supported by Fund for Scientific Research of Shaanxi Xueqian Normal University (2013KJ033)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of aqueous extract of Eucommia ulmiodes Oliver leaves （AEO） on liver mitochondrial injury induced by free radicals. [Method] MDA content was determined by thiobarbituric acid colorimetric method; mitochondrial swelling degree was determined by spectrophotometry; the superoxide anion radical scavenging ability was determined using reduced coenzyme I-tetrazolium-phenazine methosulfate as the superoxide anion generation system. Mice were hypodermically injected in the back and neck with D- galactose, after 50 d, the effects of AEO on the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and anti-hydroxyl radicals in mouse liver were determined using kits. [Result] AEO can efficiently reduce the liver injury and inhibit mitochondrial swelling induced by Fe2＋-L-Cys, which can also scavenge superoxide anion and improve the activities of antioxidant enzymes. [Conclusion] This study provided scientific basis for the development and application of AEO resources.
文摘As a master of language, Charles Dickens was good at creating a kind of humorous or ironic atmosphere by using the same word. This paper focuses on the word "board" used as a pun in Chapter Ⅱ in Oliver Twist to analyze its features and functions.
基金Project(20235020) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The chemical components of the essential oils in the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver were analyzed and compared by chromatograms and mass spectra technique, heuristic evolving latent projections (HELP), alternative moving window factor analysis (AMWFA) algorithms and normalization method based on the peak areas; the flavones in the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver were separated on an ODS column by gradient elution carried out with the flow phase consisting of water, methanol and phosphoric acid (0.1%), and their contents were quantitatively determined by standard curve method and diode array detection (DAD) at 362 nm. The results show that 68 and 73 compounds respectively from essential oils of the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver are identified, and there are 33 mutual compounds among 108 compounds determined. The total contents of these volatile components of the two samples possess 92.9% and 97.75% of the gross of the relevant essential oils, respectively; the contents of the rutin, quercetin and kaempferol in the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver are 0.016 9, 0.003 6, 0.002 1 and 0.064 4, 0.030 2, 0.010 0 mg/g, respectively, and the determination recoveries are 95.2%-106.2%. The comparative analysis shows that for the barks and leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, there are significant differences in their components of the relevant essential oils and flavones.
基金the National Key Research and Development Plan,China(2016YFD0400203-4).
文摘Eucommia ulmoides Oliver is a native plant and valuable tonic Chinese medicine in China with a long history,great economic value and comprehensive development potential.Traditionally,the comprehensive utilization rate of E.ulmoides Oliv.is still very low,only bark has been used as medicine and other parts of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.cannot be fully utilized,even the leaves have been well utilized in food products in Japan in the past decades.In order to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of E.ulmoides Oliv.,in this review,we summarized the varieties and contents of main active compounds,biological functions and pharmacological effects in different parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.The findings suggest that other parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.could replace the bark of E.ulmoides Oliv.to some extent besides of their respective applications.The unique and extensive physiological functions between different parts of E.ulmoides Oliv.indicate that the comprehensive utilization of E.ulmoides Oliv.has a wide space to develop,which is also an effective way to protect E.ulmoides Oliv.resources and improve its the utilization rate.
文摘The theory of foregrounding is a theory of crucial and critical importance in Stylistics.In stylistic analysis,foregrounding refers to the work with literary and artistic importance,especially the deviation of language,prominent in the background which belongs to the normal conventions of language.Charles Dickens is one of the greatest and critical realist writers of the Victorian Age in British.In his representative work Oliver Twist,by the bitter exposure of the terrible conditions in the English workhouse of the time and the cruel treatment of a poor orphan by all sorts of philanthropist,the author criticizes harshly the dark and criminal underworld life and succeeds in calling forth the reader's sympathy for the down-trodden people of the lower classes,especially the children.Through his master skill of the use of foregrounding,Dickens constructs various kinds of background introductions where is full of suspense and symbol,and it seems that all the backgrounds are inseparably closed to the fate of the protagonist,leaving a clue for the reader to pick out the main idea of the total work.This thesis firstly reviews the theory of foregrounding and then analyses the foregrounding using in the background introductions in Oliver Twist,presenting a holistic overview the aim of the author and what he aims at expressing through the intended background description.
文摘Dickens, a great realist novelist in his time, captured the popularity as no other novelist had done. And Oliver Twist,one of his successful works, greatly displays his genius in the novel. Oliver is a perfect figure created by Dickens. In this paper, we will discuss the humanities by analyzing Oliver's personality and thus build a better understanding of the novel and the great writer Dickens.
文摘As the most popular English novelist Charles Dickens' s early literary works, the English works Oliver Twist, or The Parish Boy's Progress, showed people the different characters. It mainly described an unmarried woman without a wedding ring in a public buildings in a certain town died after giving birth to an orphan. The author through the orphan Oliver Twist's sufferings, described a child not changed his good nature no matter how bad the environment was, not dyed by the surrounding environment, finally adopted by a gentleman to live a happy life. At the same time, the works also described some ugly social phenomenon, as represented by the Jews Fagin and Bill Sikes used children to steal, and guided them for error education, made the children went to a circuit. The author depicted some distinctive characters, but also had its limitations. The author was too idealistic in depicting the bourgeois virtues, but in depicting the social crime phenomenon reflected his prejudice against the Jews.
文摘Charles Dickens （1812-1870） is a 19th century British writer, and he is the main representative of realism. Oliver Twist is the first social novel that discloses a variety of evils under the world of money. In this novel, his childhood＇s experiences supply Dickens a large quantity of writing materials. The author holds a decent moral code and encourages government to reform. It is of profound meaning for constructing harmonious and modem society.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region(Ministry of Education)(MOELP-201801)the Young Scholars and Technology Talents Development Project of Guizhou Education Department KY([2018]124)the Introduction of Talent Project of Guizhou University([2017]56).
文摘Gibberellic acid controlled the key developmental processes of the life cycle of landing plants,and regulated the growth and development of plants.In this study,a novel gibberellin receptor gene EuGID1 was obtained from Eucommia ulmoides Oliver.The cDNA of EuGID1 was 1556 bp,and the open reading frame was 1029 bp,which encoded 343 amino acids.EuGID1 had the homology sequence with the hormone-sensitive lipase family.Amino acid sequence alignment confirmed EuGID1 protein had the highest homology with the GID1 protein of Manihot esculenta.EuGID1 was located in the nucleus and cell membrane and had expression in four plant organs.Overexpression of EuGID1 in transgenic Arabidopsis plants promoted plant elongation and increased siliques yield.
文摘Oliver Twist, one of the masterpieces of Charles Dickens, published in 1838, is a famous novel reflecting the miserablelife of the laboring people and the poor people in Britain in the 18 th century. From the novel, the author revealed the hideous masksof the merciless criminals. In addition, it exposed the terror and violence hidden in the narrow and dirty streets in London. As thehero of the novel, Oliver Twist, an orphan, who was grown up in a world full of crime and indifference. Both his body and mind suf-fered great pains, such as constant hunger, thirst, even beating and abuse. But fortunately, he met many kind people, such as Mr.Brownlow, Nancy, Rose Maylie, who helped him a lot. With their help, it is clear that the devil was conquered by the goodness even-tually. To our relief, Oliver lived a happy life in the end. The thesis mainly analyzes the social background in Victorian era, thepure nature of Oliver and Nancy in this novel, and the social significance of Oliver Twist.
