Synthesis of Vanadium Nitride by a One Step Method

Vanadium nitrides were prepared via one step method of carbothermal reduction and nitridation of vanadium trioxide. Thermalgravimetric analysis （TGA） and X-ray diffraction were used to determine the reaction paths of vanadium carbide, namely the following sequential reaction： V2O3→V8C7 in higher temperature stage, the rule of vanadium nitride synthesized was established, and defined conditions of temperature for the production of the carbides and nitrides were determined. Vanadium oxycarbide may consist in the front process of carbothermal reduction of vanadium trioxide. In one step method for vanadium nitride by carbothermal reduction and nitridation of vanadium trioxide, the nitridation process is simultaneous with the carbothermal reduction. A one-step mechanism of the carbothermal reduction with simultaneous nitridation leaded to a lower terminal temperature in nitridation process for vanadium nitride produced, compared with that of carbothermal reduction process without nitridation. The grain size and shape of vanadium nitride were uniform, and had the shape of a cube. The one step method combined vacuum carborization and nitridation （namely two step method） into one process. It simplified the technological process and decreased the costs.

One step to generate quantum controlled phase-shift gate using a trapped ion

This paper presents a very simple scheme for generating quantum controlled phase-shift gate with only one step by using the two vibrational modes of a trapped ion as the two qubits. The scheme couples two vibration degrees of freedom coupled with a suitable chosen laser excitation via the ionic states.

Keep One Step Ahead and Face the Future——Chen Jie,Vice President of ZTE Corporation,Talks About ZTE's NGN Development Strategy

Editor’s Note:In the recent two yearssince ZTE’s NGN prod-uct series were put intomarket,ZTE has maderemarkable achieve-ments in the industry. Al-though a leading vendorin China, ZTE has beencontinuously doing busi- ness in a prudent and practical way,which has been recognized by govern-ment authorities, carriers and customers.In order to learn more about ZTE’s NGNdevelopment strategy,we interviewedChen Jie, ZTE’s vice president and gen-eral manager of Network Division, aboutZTE’s NGN development strategy, R&Dadvantages and progress.

LINGTONG: A road of a thousand miles begins with one step.

18 years ago, when exhibition industry was merely a concept in China, Liu Jianping, President of LINGTONG started to work on exhibition equipment and set up Lingtong Exhibition Products Co., Ltd in Changzhou. The company has become the earliest specialized company involved in development, research and production of exhibition equipment in China.

Beijing Jeep Takes Thirty Years in One Step

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One step hologram calculation for multi-plane objects based on nonuniform sampling(Invited Paper)

The nonuniform sampling method in hologram plane is proposed to reconstruct objects on multi-plane simultaneously. The hologram is nonuniformly sampled by decomposing it into several parts with various sampling rates. The hologram is calculated based on the nonuniform fast Fourier transform （NUFFT） algorithm. In the experiment, we load this nonuniformly sampled hologram on phases-only spatial light modulator （SLM）, and by illumination with collimated light objects with different sampling rates are reconstructed at different distant planes simultaneously. Both of the numerically simulation and optical experiments are performed to demonstrate the feasibility of our method. The experiment also shows that our proposed nonuniform sampled hologram for multi-plane objects is calculated by only one step, better than conventional method that needs several steps of calculation proportional to the numbers of object planes.

Honeycomb-like g-C_(3)N_(4)/CeO_(2)-x nanosheets obtained via one step hydrothermal-roasting for efficient and stable Cr(Ⅵ) photo-reduction

Graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))-based materials are regarded as one of the most potential photocatalysts for utilizing solar energy.In this work,we reported a facile one step in-situ hydrothermal-roasting method for preparing honeycomb-like g-C_(3)N_(4)/CeO_(2) nanosheets with abundant oxygen vacancies(g-C_(3)N_(4)/CeO_(2)-x).The hydrothermal-roasting and incomplete-sealed state can(i)generate an in-situ reducing atmosphere(CO,N2,NH3) to tune the concentration of oxygen vacancies in CeO_(2);(ii) beneficial to prevent continuous growth of g-C_(3)N_(4) and results in honeycomb-like g-C_(3)N_(4)/CeO_(2)-x hybrid nanosheets.What is more,the g-C_(3)N_(4)/CeO_(2)-x photocatalyst exhibited extended photoresponse range,increased specific surface area and obviously enhanced separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.As a proof-of-concept application,the optimized g-C_(3)N_(4)/CeO_(2)-xnanosheets could achieve 98% removal efficiency for Cr(Ⅵ) under visible light irradiation(λ≥420 nm)within 2.5 h,which is significantly better than those of pure g-C_(3)N_(4) and CeO_(2).This work provides a new idea for more rationally designing and constructing g-C_(3)N_(4)-based catalysts for efficient extended photochemical application.

A MEMBRANE ELEMENT MODEL WITH BENDING MODIFICATION FOR ONE STEP INVERSE METHOD

A membrane element model with bending modification based on element moment equilibrium is proposed for the first time by the authors, who apply the element model in one step inverse method and simulate the forming process of a flower-shaped box using the membrane element model with and without this modification. The numerical results are compared with those of the incremental method to verify the validity of the element model developed in this paper.

One Step at a Time

East Asia economic integration should start with free trade among ASEAN, China, Japan and South Korea Should East Asia pursue economic integration through the East Asia Free Trade Area (EAFTA) or the Comprehensive Economic

One Step Closer to Full Pension Coverage

Pension program for unemployed urban residents becomes an indispensable part of the country’s pension system Every citizen is entitled to enjoy equal access to pension programs.It is a basic right endowed by the Constitution.For the Chinese Government,covering every citizen with the pension scheme is a solemn promiset o everyone.On July 1,2011,the pension programf or unemployed urban residents was implemented,which would provide much needed support for urban residents without jobs

One step beyond the Pythagorean theorem

Although the Pythagorean theorem has been around for thousands of years, the varied proofs and ideas that spin-off from it continue to fascinate. There are various ways in which the theorem can be stated. For example-Given a right triangle , the sum of the areas of the legs will equal the square of the hypotenuse.

A New Method for Preparing Ti-Si Mixed Oxides

Ti-Si mixed oxides with different TiO2 content were prepared by sol-gel one step hydrolysis, using TiCl4 as the precursor. The samples were characterized by BET, FT-IR and XRD. The results indicated that titanium is in fourfold coordination with oxygen in the SiO44- in mixed oxides, form the bond of Ti-O-Si, and the low titania materials are mixed on an atomic scale. The phase of anatase appeared when TiO2 content is up to 80%. The mixed oxides had high specific surface areas up to 681.5 m2/g. 10TiSi is a better support than SiO2 in the reaction of CO oxidation.

Performance of Comparative Cervical Tuberculin Test and Serological Methods with Culturing of Nasal Swab in Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis in Cross Breed Cattle Baghdad Iraq: A Comparative Evaluation

This study was designed to assess the diagnostic value of Rapid Antigen bovine TB antibody test kit (RAT) and any association with cervical comparative tuberculin test (CCTT), (iELISA) and nasal swabs culturing, among based detection of M. bovis infection. A herd of 21 animals aged 1 - 8 years cross bread cattle of college of veterinary medicine. 19 (90.47%) animals had good body condition scores, two bulls included, and 2 (9.52%) cows were fair. Serum samples were collected, analyzed for anti-bovine TB antibody using RAT and iELISA. Also the herd was screened by CCTT. The tests were carried out twice, more than ten month interval, and twelve nasal swabs were taken within second survey. The first survey results revealed prevalence rate: 4 (19.04%) animals considered positive results (one positive and 3 suspected results) for CCTT, while the prevalence rate according to RAT was 10 (47.61%). The difference between the two prevalence rate was significant (McNemar chi-statistic = 4.50, p-value = 0.03) Kappa = 0.215 95% confidence interval: from -0.128 to 0.558;the strength of agreement is considered to be “fair”. The study interprets: sensitivity 30%;specificity 99%. The second survey results revealed prevalence rate according to CCTT was 4 (36.36%), while prevalence rate according to RAT was 5 (45.45%). The difference between the two prevalence was not significant (McNemar chi-statistic = 0.33, p-value = 0.56). Kappa = 0.441 95% confidence interval: from -0.087 to 0.968;the strength of agreement is considered to be “moderate”;sensitivity: 60%;specificity: 83%. All serum samples and nasal swabs gave negative results for iELISA and culturing respectively. The study concluded that RAT was highly specific, easy, labor and time saving, suggesting its use as screening test in bovine tuberculosis, and CCTT could be used to confirm positive animals screened by RAT, while there was no association between RAT, CCTT with body condition scores, iELISA and nasal swabs culture results.