Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and has become the main cause threatening women’s health. A case of breast cancer with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was discharged after active treatment...Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and has become the main cause threatening women’s health. A case of breast cancer with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was discharged after active treatment and nursing.展开更多
Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain ...Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain unresolved.We addressed these two questions in three shrub-nesting birds,the Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus,AM),White-collared Blackbird(Turdus albocinctus,WB),and Brown-cheeked Laughingthrush(Trochalopteron henrici,BL).The personality type of an individual was first identified according to its response to a territorial intruder.Then,we compared the fleeing distance,breeding parameters,and differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the brain transcriptome between bold and shy breeders.In the three species,bold breeders exhibited more aggressiveness towards an intruder of their territory than did shy breeders.The reproductive success of bold breeders was significantly higher than that of shy breeders in AM but not in WB and BL.The three species shared one DEG,crabp1,which was up-regulated in bold relative to in shy individuals.By regulating the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone,higher crabp1 gene expression can decrease cellular response to retinoic acid.Therefore,bold individuals are insensitive to external stresses and able to exhibit more aggressiveness to intruders than their shier counterparts.Aggressiveness is beneficial to bold individuals in AM but not in WB and BL because the former could evoke neighbors to make the same response of defending against intruders but the latter could not.Although a personality trait may have the same genetic basis across species,its correlation with reproductive success depends largely on the life history style of a species.展开更多
The attention mechanism can extract salient features in images,which has been proved to be effective in improving the performance of person re-identification(Re-ID).However,most of the existing attention modules have ...The attention mechanism can extract salient features in images,which has been proved to be effective in improving the performance of person re-identification(Re-ID).However,most of the existing attention modules have the following two shortcomings:On the one hand,they mostly use global average pooling to generate context descriptors,without highlighting the guiding role of salient information on descriptor generation,resulting in insufficient ability of the final generated attention mask representation;On the other hand,the design of most attention modules is complicated,which greatly increases the computational cost of the model.To solve these problems,this paper proposes an attention module called self-supervised recalibration(SR)block,which introduces both global and local information through adaptive weighted fusion to generate a more refined attention mask.In particular,a special"Squeeze-Excitation"(SE)unit is designed in the SR block to further process the generated intermediate masks,both for nonlinearizations of the features and for constraint of the resulting computation by controlling the number of channels.Furthermore,we combine the most commonly used Res Net-50 to construct the instantiation model of the SR block,and verify its effectiveness on multiple Re-ID datasets,especially the mean Average Precision(m AP)on the Occluded-Duke dataset exceeds the state-of-the-art(SOTA)algorithm by 4.49%.展开更多
Maintaining thermal comfort within the human body is crucial for optimal health and overall well-being.By merely broadening the setpoint of indoor temperatures,we could significantly slash energy usage in building hea...Maintaining thermal comfort within the human body is crucial for optimal health and overall well-being.By merely broadening the setpoint of indoor temperatures,we could significantly slash energy usage in building heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning systems.In recent years,there has been a surge in advancements in personal thermal management(PTM),aiming to regulate heat and moisture transfer within our immediate surroundings,clothing,and skin.The advent of PTM is driven by the rapid development in nano/micro-materials and energy science and engineering.An emerging research area in PTM is personal radiative thermal management(PRTM),which demonstrates immense potential with its high radiative heat transfer efficiency and ease of regulation.However,it is less taken into account in traditional textiles,and there currently lies a gap in our knowledge and understanding of PRTM.In this review,we aim to present a thorough analysis of advanced textile materials and technologies for PRTM.Specifically,we will introduce and discuss the underlying radiation heat transfer mechanisms,fabrication methods of textiles,and various indoor/outdoor applications in light of their different regulation functionalities,including radiative cooling,radiative heating,and dual-mode thermoregulation.Furthermore,we will shine a light on the current hurdles,propose potential strategies,and delve into future technology trends for PRTM with an emphasis on functionalities and applications.展开更多
Person identification is one of the most vital tasks for network security. People are more concerned about theirsecurity due to traditional passwords becoming weaker or leaking in various attacks. In recent decades, f...Person identification is one of the most vital tasks for network security. People are more concerned about theirsecurity due to traditional passwords becoming weaker or leaking in various attacks. In recent decades, fingerprintsand faces have been widely used for person identification, which has the risk of information leakage as a resultof reproducing fingers or faces by taking a snapshot. Recently, people have focused on creating an identifiablepattern, which will not be reproducible falsely by capturing psychological and behavioral information of a personusing vision and sensor-based techniques. In existing studies, most of the researchers used very complex patternsin this direction, which need special training and attention to remember the patterns and failed to capturethe psychological and behavioral information of a person properly. To overcome these problems, this researchdevised a novel dynamic hand gesture-based person identification system using a Leap Motion sensor. Thisstudy developed two hand gesture-based pattern datasets for performing the experiments, which contained morethan 500 samples, collected from 25 subjects. Various static and dynamic features were extracted from the handgeometry. Randomforest was used to measure feature importance using the Gini Index. Finally, the support vectormachinewas implemented for person identification and evaluate its performance using identification accuracy. Theexperimental results showed that the proposed system produced an identification accuracy of 99.8% for arbitraryhand gesture-based patterns and 99.6% for the same dynamic hand gesture-based patterns. This result indicatedthat the proposed system can be used for person identification in the field of security.展开更多
Personality recognition plays a pivotal role when developing user-centric solutions such as recommender systems or decision support systems across various domains,including education,e-commerce,or human resources.Tra-...Personality recognition plays a pivotal role when developing user-centric solutions such as recommender systems or decision support systems across various domains,including education,e-commerce,or human resources.Tra-ditional machine learning techniques have been broadly employed for personality trait identification;nevertheless,the development of new technologies based on deep learning has led to new opportunities to improve their performance.This study focuses on the capabilities of pre-trained language models such as BERT,RoBERTa,ALBERT,ELECTRA,ERNIE,or XLNet,to deal with the task of personality recognition.These models are able to capture structural features from textual content and comprehend a multitude of language facets and complex features such as hierarchical relationships or long-term dependencies.This makes them suitable to classify multi-label personality traits from reviews while mitigating computational costs.The focus of this approach centers on developing an architecture based on different layers able to capture the semantic context and structural features from texts.Moreover,it is able to fine-tune the previous models using the MyPersonality dataset,which comprises 9,917 status updates contributed by 250 Facebook users.These status updates are categorized according to the well-known Big Five personality model,setting the stage for a comprehensive exploration of personality traits.To test the proposal,a set of experiments have been performed using different metrics such as the exact match ratio,hamming loss,zero-one-loss,precision,recall,F1-score,and weighted averages.The results reveal ERNIE is the top-performing model,achieving an exact match ratio of 72.32%,an accuracy rate of 87.17%,and 84.41%of F1-score.The findings demonstrate that the tested models substantially outperform other state-of-the-art studies,enhancing the accuracy by at least 3%and confirming them as powerful tools for personality recognition.These findings represent substantial advancements in personality recognition,making them appropriate for the development of user-centric applications.展开更多
Investigating the role of Big Five personality traits in relation to various health outcomes has been extensively studied. The impact of “Big Five” on physical health is here explored for older Europeans with a focu...Investigating the role of Big Five personality traits in relation to various health outcomes has been extensively studied. The impact of “Big Five” on physical health is here explored for older Europeans with a focus on examining age groups differences. The study sample included 378,500 respondents derived from the seventh data wave of Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The physical health status of older Europeans was estimated by constructing an index considering the combined effect of well-established health indicators such as the number of chronic diseases, mobility limitations, limitations with basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and self-perceived health. This index was used for an overall physical health assessment, for which the higher the score for an individual, the worst health level. Then, through a dichotomization process applied to the retrieved Principal Component Analysis scores, a two-group discrimination (good or bad health status) of SHARE participants was obtained as regards their physical health condition, allowing for further con-structing logistic regression models to assess the predictive significance of “Big Five” and their protective role for physical health. Results showed that neuroti-cism was the most significant predictor of physical health for all age groups un-der consideration, while extraversion, agreeableness and openness were not found to significantly affect the self-reported physical health levels of midlife adults aged 50 up to 64. Older adults aged 65 up to 79 were more prone to open-ness, whereas the oldest old individuals aged 80 up to 105 were mainly affected by openness and conscientiousness. .展开更多
BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty,characterized by the coexistence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty,represents a multifaceted challenge in the aging population.The role of cardiovascular risk factors in this co...BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty,characterized by the coexistence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty,represents a multifaceted challenge in the aging population.The role of cardiovascular risk factors in this complex interplay is not yet fully understood.AIM To investigate the relationships between cardiovascular risk factors and older persons with cognitive frailty by pooling data from two cohorts of studies in Malaysia.METHODS A comprehensive approach was employed,with a total of 512 communitydwelling older persons aged 60 years and above,involving two cohorts of older persons from previous studies.Datasets related to cardiovascular risks,namely sociodemographic factors,and cardiovascular risk factors,including hypertension,diabetes,hypercholesterolemia,anthropometric characteristics and biochemical profiles,were pooled for analysis.Cognitive frailty was defined based on the Clinical Dementia Rating scale and Fried frailty score.Cardiovascular risk was determined using Framingham risk score.Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 21.RESULTS Of the study participants,46.3%exhibited cognitive frailty.Cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension(OR:1.60;95%CI:1.12-2.30),low fat-free mass(OR:0.96;95%CI:0.94-0.98),high percentage body fat(OR:1.04;95%CI:1.02-1.06),high waist circumference(OR:1.02;95%CI:1.01-1.04),high fasting blood glucose(OR:1.64;95%CI:1.11-2.43),high Framingham risk score(OR:1.65;95%CI:1.17-2.31),together with sociodemographic factors,i.e.,being single(OR 3.38;95%CI:2.26-5.05)and low household income(OR 2.18;95%CI:1.44-3.30)were found to be associated with cognitive frailty.CONCLUSION Cardiovascular-risk specific risk factors and sociodemographic factors were associated with risk of cognitive frailty,a prodromal stage of dementia.Early identification and management of cardiovascular risk factors,particularly among specific group of the population might mitigate the risk of cognitive frailty,hence preventing dementia.展开更多
The exercise recommendation system is emerging as a promising application in online learning scenarios,providing personalized recommendations to assist students with explicit learning directions.Existing solutions gen...The exercise recommendation system is emerging as a promising application in online learning scenarios,providing personalized recommendations to assist students with explicit learning directions.Existing solutions generally follow a collaborative filtering paradigm,while the implicit connections between students(exercises)have been largely ignored.In this study,we aim to propose an exercise recommendation paradigm that can reveal the latent connections between student-student(exercise-exercise).Specifically,a new framework was proposed,namely personalized exercise recommendation with student and exercise portraits(PERP).It consists of three sequential and interdependent modules:Collaborative student exercise graph(CSEG)construction,joint random walk,and recommendation list optimization.Technically,CSEG is created as a unified heterogeneous graph with students’response behaviors and student(exercise)relationships.Then,a joint random walk to take full advantage of the spectral properties of nearly uncoupled Markov chains is performed on CSEG,which allows for full exploration of both similar exercises that students have finished and connections between students(exercises)with similar portraits.Finally,we propose to optimize the recommendation list to obtain different exercise suggestions.After analyses of two public datasets,the results demonstrated that PERP can satisfy novelty,accuracy,and diversity.展开更多
Medical Internet of Things(IoT)devices are becoming more and more common in healthcare.This has created a huge need for advanced predictive health modeling strategies that can make good use of the growing amount of mu...Medical Internet of Things(IoT)devices are becoming more and more common in healthcare.This has created a huge need for advanced predictive health modeling strategies that can make good use of the growing amount of multimodal data to find potential health risks early and help individuals in a personalized way.Existing methods,while useful,have limitations in predictive accuracy,delay,personalization,and user interpretability,requiring a more comprehensive and efficient approach to harness modern medical IoT devices.MAIPFE is a multimodal approach integrating pre-emptive analysis,personalized feature selection,and explainable AI for real-time health monitoring and disease detection.By using AI for early disease detection,personalized health recommendations,and transparency,healthcare will be transformed.The Multimodal Approach Integrating Pre-emptive Analysis,Personalized Feature Selection,and Explainable AI(MAIPFE)framework,which combines Firefly Optimizer,Recurrent Neural Network(RNN),Fuzzy C Means(FCM),and Explainable AI,improves disease detection precision over existing methods.Comprehensive metrics show the model’s superiority in real-time health analysis.The proposed framework outperformed existing models by 8.3%in disease detection classification precision,8.5%in accuracy,5.5%in recall,2.9%in specificity,4.5%in AUC(Area Under the Curve),and 4.9%in delay reduction.Disease prediction precision increased by 4.5%,accuracy by 3.9%,recall by 2.5%,specificity by 3.5%,AUC by 1.9%,and delay levels decreased by 9.4%.MAIPFE can revolutionize healthcare with preemptive analysis,personalized health insights,and actionable recommendations.The research shows that this innovative approach improves patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency in the real world.展开更多
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is among the most common malignancies worldwide.With progress in treatment methods and levels,the overall survival period has been prolonged,and the demand for quality care has increased.AIM T...BACKGROUND Breast cancer is among the most common malignancies worldwide.With progress in treatment methods and levels,the overall survival period has been prolonged,and the demand for quality care has increased.AIM To investigate the effect of individualized and continuous care intervention in patients with breast cancer.METHODS Two hundred patients with breast cancer who received systemic therapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University(January 2021 to July 2023)were retrospectively selected as research participants.Among them,134 received routine care intervention(routing group)and 66 received personalized and continuous care(intervention group).Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast(FACT-B)scores,including limb shoulder joint activity,complication rate,and care satisfaction,were compared between both groups after care.RESULTS SAS and SDS scores were lower in the intervention group than in the routing group at one and three months after care.The total FACT-B scores and five dimensions in the intervention group were higher than those in the routing group at three months of care.The range of motion of shoulder anteflexion,posterior extension,abduction,internal rotation,and external rotation in the intervention group was higher than that in the routing group one month after care.The incidence of postoperative complications was 18.18%lower in the intervention group than in the routing group(34.33%;P<0.05).Satisfaction with care was 90.91% higher in the intervention group than in the routing group(78.36%;P<0.05).CONCLUSION Personalized and continuous care can alleviate negative emotions in patients with breast cancer,quicken rehabilitation of limb function,decrease the incidence of complications,and improve living quality and care satisfaction.展开更多
A diverse array of microbes in and on the human body constitute the microbiota.These micro-residents continuously interact with the human host through the language of metabolites to dictate the host’s physiology in h...A diverse array of microbes in and on the human body constitute the microbiota.These micro-residents continuously interact with the human host through the language of metabolites to dictate the host’s physiology in health and illnesses.Any biotic and abiotic component ensuring a balanced host-microbiota interaction are potential microbiome therapeutic agents to overcome human diseases.Plant metabolites are continually being used to treat various illnesses.These metabolites target the host’s metabolic machinery and host-gut microbiota interactions to overcome human diseases.Despite the paramount therapeutic significance of the factors affecting host-microbiota interactions,a comprehensive overview of the modulatory role of plant-derived metabolites in host-microbiota interactions is lacking.The current review puts an effort into comprehending the role of medicinal plants in gut microbiota modulation to mitigate various human illnesses.It would develop a holistic understanding of hostmicrobiota interactions and the role of effectors in health and diseases.展开更多
The integration of wearable technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized healthcare, enabling advanced personal health monitoring systems. This article explores the transformative impact of wearabl...The integration of wearable technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized healthcare, enabling advanced personal health monitoring systems. This article explores the transformative impact of wearable technologies and AI on healthcare, highlighting the development and theoretical application of the Integrated Personal Health Monitoring System (IPHMS). By integrating data from various wearable devices, such as smartphones, Apple Watches, and Oura Rings, the IPHMS framework aims to revolutionize personal health monitoring through real-time alerts, comprehensive tracking, and personalized insights. Despite its potential, the practical implementation faces challenges, including data privacy, system interoperability, and scalability. The evolution of healthcare technology from traditional methods to AI-enhanced wearables underscores a significant advancement towards personalized care, necessitating further research and innovation to address existing limitations and fully realize the benefits of such integrated health monitoring systems.展开更多
Protection of personal information is a significant issue in the construction of legal systems in various countries in the information age.Introducing a balanced approach for protecting personal information is an impo...Protection of personal information is a significant issue in the construction of legal systems in various countries in the information age.Introducing a balanced approach for protecting personal information is an important goal of basic human rights protection and data legislation.Personal information protection involves comprehensive considerations among various values,and the balanced structure between personal information rights and other rights systems has become the key to legislation on personal information protection.The“news exception”is a prominent example representing the balanced structure of personal information protection.As a societal instrument,news not only pursues commercial value but also advocates freedom of expression and public value.There exists a natural tension between news and personal information protection.The“news exception”of the balanced structure has become a fundamental requirement and important connotation for constructing a system for protecting personal information.The balanced structure of the“news exception”requires a reasonable definition of the concept and purpose of news,and both the self-discipline within the news industry and the judicial intervention are necessary factors.China has preliminarily completed the top-level legislative design of personal information protection through laws such as the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China(PRC)and the Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China.However,the balanced mechanism of the“news exception”has not yet been fully established in China.A“news exception”based on the ideas of balance and the improvement of the institutional system is the fundamental principle for the development of China’s personal information protection system.展开更多
The advent of the big data era has presented unprecedented challenges to remedies for personal information infringement in areas such as damage assessment,proof of causation,determination of illegality,fault assessmen...The advent of the big data era has presented unprecedented challenges to remedies for personal information infringement in areas such as damage assessment,proof of causation,determination of illegality,fault assessment,and liability.Traditional tort law is unable to provide a robust response for these challenges,which severely hinders human rights protection in the digital society.The dynamic system theory represents a third path between fixed constitutive elements and general clauses.It both overcomes the rigidity of the“allor-nothing”legal effect evaluation mechanism of the“element-effect”model and avoids the uncertainty of the general clause model.It can effectively enhance the flexibility of the legal system in responding to social changes.In light of this,it is necessary to construct a dynamic foundational evaluation framework for personal information infringement under the guidance of the dynamic system theory.By relying on the dynamic interplay effect of various foundational evaluation elements,this framework can achieve a flexible evaluation of the constitutive elements of liability and the legal effects of liability for personal information infringement.Through this approach,the crisis of personal information infringement in the era of big data can be mitigated,and the realization of personal information rights as digital human rights can be promoted.展开更多
Objective:To explore the value of receiving personalized comprehensive care for patients with severe pneumonia.Methods:73 patients with severe pneumonia who visited the clinic from February 2020 to February 2023 were ...Objective:To explore the value of receiving personalized comprehensive care for patients with severe pneumonia.Methods:73 patients with severe pneumonia who visited the clinic from February 2020 to February 2023 were included in this study.The patients were randomly grouped into Group A and Group B.Group A received personalized comprehensive care whereas Group B received conventional care.The value of care was compared.Results:The duration of mechanical ventilation time,the time taken for fever and dyspnea relief,and the hospitalization time of Group A were shorter than those in Group B(P<0.05).The blood gas indexes such as PaO_(2),PaCO_(2),and blood pH of Group A were better than those of Group B(P<0.05).The pulmonary function indexes such as peak expiratory flow(PEF),forced vital capacity(FVC),and forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV_(1))of Group A were better than those of Group B,P<0.05.Moreover,the patients in Group A were generally more satisfied with the care given compared to the patients in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Personalized comprehensive care improves blood gas indexes,enhances lung function,accelerates the relief of symptoms,and also enhances patient satisfaction in severe pneumonia patients.展开更多
As an innovative economic model,the sharing economy has seen rapid growth globally in recent years.It has not only brought a profound impact on traditional economies but also injected new vitality and momentum into th...As an innovative economic model,the sharing economy has seen rapid growth globally in recent years.It has not only brought a profound impact on traditional economies but also injected new vitality and momentum into the sustainable development of the social economy.However,for the sharing economy,the process of collecting personal income tax is facing several issues,such as the ambiguity of tax policies regarding personal income,challenges in identifying taxpayers,and difficulties in defining income.To achieve the fairness and efficiency of personal income tax collection in the sharing economy,this study proposes optimized regulatory mechanisms and conducts in-depth discussions on the adjustment of personal income tax policies,innovation in tax management technology,and improvement in the quality of personal income tax services.展开更多
In the inflammatory microenvironment,there are numerous exosomes secreted by immune cells(Macrophages,neutrophils,dendritic cells),mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and platelets as intercellular communicators,which partici...In the inflammatory microenvironment,there are numerous exosomes secreted by immune cells(Macrophages,neutrophils,dendritic cells),mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and platelets as intercellular communicators,which participate in the regulation of inflammation by modulating gene expression and releasing anti-inflammatory factors.Due to their good biocompatibility,accurate targeting,low toxicity and immunogenicity,these exosomes are able to selectively deliver therapeutic drugs to the site of inflammation through interactions between their surface-antibody or modified ligand with cell surface receptors.Therefore,the role of exosome-based biomimetic delivery strategies in inflammatory diseases has attracted increasing attention.Here we review current knowledge and techniques for exosome identification,isolation,modification and drug loading.More importantly,we highlight progress in using exosomes to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis(RA),osteoarthritis(OA),atherosclerosis(AS),and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Finally,we also discuss their potential and challenges as anti-inflammatory drug carriers.展开更多
With the development of ordnance technology,the survival and safety of individual combatants in hightech warfare are under serious threat,and the Personal Protective Equipment(PPE),as an important guarantee to reduce ...With the development of ordnance technology,the survival and safety of individual combatants in hightech warfare are under serious threat,and the Personal Protective Equipment(PPE),as an important guarantee to reduce casualties and maintain military combat effectiveness,is widely developed.This paper systematically reviewed various PPE based on individual combat through literature research and comprehensive discussion,and introduced in detail the latest application progress of PPE in terms of material and technology from three aspects:individual integrated protection system,traditional protection equipment,and intelligent protection equipment,respectively,and discussed in depth the functional improvement and optimization status brought by advanced technology for PPE,focusing on the achievements of individual equipment technology application.Finally,the problems and technical bottlenecks in the development of PPE were analyzed and summarized,and the development trend of PPE were pointed out.The results of the review will provide a forward-looking reference for the current development of individual PPE,and are important guidance for the design and technological innovation of advanced equipment based on the future technological battlefield.展开更多
文摘Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and has become the main cause threatening women’s health. A case of breast cancer with neoadjuvant chemotherapy was discharged after active treatment and nursing.
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 32071491, 31772465, 31672299, 31572271, and 32260128)the Natural Sciences Foundation of the Tibetan (XZ202101ZR0051G)。
文摘Two questions in the research of animal personality—whether there is a correlation between a personality trait and individual reproductive success,and what is the genetic basis underlying a personality trait—remain unresolved.We addressed these two questions in three shrub-nesting birds,the Azure-winged Magpie(Cyanopica cyanus,AM),White-collared Blackbird(Turdus albocinctus,WB),and Brown-cheeked Laughingthrush(Trochalopteron henrici,BL).The personality type of an individual was first identified according to its response to a territorial intruder.Then,we compared the fleeing distance,breeding parameters,and differential expressed genes(DEGs) in the brain transcriptome between bold and shy breeders.In the three species,bold breeders exhibited more aggressiveness towards an intruder of their territory than did shy breeders.The reproductive success of bold breeders was significantly higher than that of shy breeders in AM but not in WB and BL.The three species shared one DEG,crabp1,which was up-regulated in bold relative to in shy individuals.By regulating the expression of corticotropin-releasing hormone,higher crabp1 gene expression can decrease cellular response to retinoic acid.Therefore,bold individuals are insensitive to external stresses and able to exhibit more aggressiveness to intruders than their shier counterparts.Aggressiveness is beneficial to bold individuals in AM but not in WB and BL because the former could evoke neighbors to make the same response of defending against intruders but the latter could not.Although a personality trait may have the same genetic basis across species,its correlation with reproductive success depends largely on the life history style of a species.
基金supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(Grant No.2022D01B186 and No.2022D01B05)。
文摘The attention mechanism can extract salient features in images,which has been proved to be effective in improving the performance of person re-identification(Re-ID).However,most of the existing attention modules have the following two shortcomings:On the one hand,they mostly use global average pooling to generate context descriptors,without highlighting the guiding role of salient information on descriptor generation,resulting in insufficient ability of the final generated attention mask representation;On the other hand,the design of most attention modules is complicated,which greatly increases the computational cost of the model.To solve these problems,this paper proposes an attention module called self-supervised recalibration(SR)block,which introduces both global and local information through adaptive weighted fusion to generate a more refined attention mask.In particular,a special"Squeeze-Excitation"(SE)unit is designed in the SR block to further process the generated intermediate masks,both for nonlinearizations of the features and for constraint of the resulting computation by controlling the number of channels.Furthermore,we combine the most commonly used Res Net-50 to construct the instantiation model of the SR block,and verify its effectiveness on multiple Re-ID datasets,especially the mean Average Precision(m AP)on the Occluded-Duke dataset exceeds the state-of-the-art(SOTA)algorithm by 4.49%.
基金support from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(PolyU152052/21E)Green Tech Fund of Hong Kong(Project No.:GTF202220106)+1 种基金Innovation and Technology Fund of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(ITP/018/21TP)PolyU Endowed Young Scholars Scheme(Project No.:84CC).
文摘Maintaining thermal comfort within the human body is crucial for optimal health and overall well-being.By merely broadening the setpoint of indoor temperatures,we could significantly slash energy usage in building heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning systems.In recent years,there has been a surge in advancements in personal thermal management(PTM),aiming to regulate heat and moisture transfer within our immediate surroundings,clothing,and skin.The advent of PTM is driven by the rapid development in nano/micro-materials and energy science and engineering.An emerging research area in PTM is personal radiative thermal management(PRTM),which demonstrates immense potential with its high radiative heat transfer efficiency and ease of regulation.However,it is less taken into account in traditional textiles,and there currently lies a gap in our knowledge and understanding of PRTM.In this review,we aim to present a thorough analysis of advanced textile materials and technologies for PRTM.Specifically,we will introduce and discuss the underlying radiation heat transfer mechanisms,fabrication methods of textiles,and various indoor/outdoor applications in light of their different regulation functionalities,including radiative cooling,radiative heating,and dual-mode thermoregulation.Furthermore,we will shine a light on the current hurdles,propose potential strategies,and delve into future technology trends for PRTM with an emphasis on functionalities and applications.
基金the Competitive Research Fund of the University of Aizu,Japan.
文摘Person identification is one of the most vital tasks for network security. People are more concerned about theirsecurity due to traditional passwords becoming weaker or leaking in various attacks. In recent decades, fingerprintsand faces have been widely used for person identification, which has the risk of information leakage as a resultof reproducing fingers or faces by taking a snapshot. Recently, people have focused on creating an identifiablepattern, which will not be reproducible falsely by capturing psychological and behavioral information of a personusing vision and sensor-based techniques. In existing studies, most of the researchers used very complex patternsin this direction, which need special training and attention to remember the patterns and failed to capturethe psychological and behavioral information of a person properly. To overcome these problems, this researchdevised a novel dynamic hand gesture-based person identification system using a Leap Motion sensor. Thisstudy developed two hand gesture-based pattern datasets for performing the experiments, which contained morethan 500 samples, collected from 25 subjects. Various static and dynamic features were extracted from the handgeometry. Randomforest was used to measure feature importance using the Gini Index. Finally, the support vectormachinewas implemented for person identification and evaluate its performance using identification accuracy. Theexperimental results showed that the proposed system produced an identification accuracy of 99.8% for arbitraryhand gesture-based patterns and 99.6% for the same dynamic hand gesture-based patterns. This result indicatedthat the proposed system can be used for person identification in the field of security.
基金This work has been partially supported by FEDER and the State Research Agency(AEI)of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competition under Grant SAFER:PID2019-104735RB-C42(AEI/FEDER,UE)the General Subdirection for Gambling Regulation of the Spanish ConsumptionMinistry under the Grant Detec-EMO:SUBV23/00010the Project PLEC2021-007681 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR.
文摘Personality recognition plays a pivotal role when developing user-centric solutions such as recommender systems or decision support systems across various domains,including education,e-commerce,or human resources.Tra-ditional machine learning techniques have been broadly employed for personality trait identification;nevertheless,the development of new technologies based on deep learning has led to new opportunities to improve their performance.This study focuses on the capabilities of pre-trained language models such as BERT,RoBERTa,ALBERT,ELECTRA,ERNIE,or XLNet,to deal with the task of personality recognition.These models are able to capture structural features from textual content and comprehend a multitude of language facets and complex features such as hierarchical relationships or long-term dependencies.This makes them suitable to classify multi-label personality traits from reviews while mitigating computational costs.The focus of this approach centers on developing an architecture based on different layers able to capture the semantic context and structural features from texts.Moreover,it is able to fine-tune the previous models using the MyPersonality dataset,which comprises 9,917 status updates contributed by 250 Facebook users.These status updates are categorized according to the well-known Big Five personality model,setting the stage for a comprehensive exploration of personality traits.To test the proposal,a set of experiments have been performed using different metrics such as the exact match ratio,hamming loss,zero-one-loss,precision,recall,F1-score,and weighted averages.The results reveal ERNIE is the top-performing model,achieving an exact match ratio of 72.32%,an accuracy rate of 87.17%,and 84.41%of F1-score.The findings demonstrate that the tested models substantially outperform other state-of-the-art studies,enhancing the accuracy by at least 3%and confirming them as powerful tools for personality recognition.These findings represent substantial advancements in personality recognition,making them appropriate for the development of user-centric applications.
文摘Investigating the role of Big Five personality traits in relation to various health outcomes has been extensively studied. The impact of “Big Five” on physical health is here explored for older Europeans with a focus on examining age groups differences. The study sample included 378,500 respondents derived from the seventh data wave of Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The physical health status of older Europeans was estimated by constructing an index considering the combined effect of well-established health indicators such as the number of chronic diseases, mobility limitations, limitations with basic and instrumental activities of daily living, and self-perceived health. This index was used for an overall physical health assessment, for which the higher the score for an individual, the worst health level. Then, through a dichotomization process applied to the retrieved Principal Component Analysis scores, a two-group discrimination (good or bad health status) of SHARE participants was obtained as regards their physical health condition, allowing for further con-structing logistic regression models to assess the predictive significance of “Big Five” and their protective role for physical health. Results showed that neuroti-cism was the most significant predictor of physical health for all age groups un-der consideration, while extraversion, agreeableness and openness were not found to significantly affect the self-reported physical health levels of midlife adults aged 50 up to 64. Older adults aged 65 up to 79 were more prone to open-ness, whereas the oldest old individuals aged 80 up to 105 were mainly affected by openness and conscientiousness. .
基金Supported by Long-term Research Grant Scheme provided by Ministry of Education Malaysia,No.LRGS/1/2019/UM-UKM/1/4Grand Challenge Grant Project 1 and Project 2,No.DCP-2017-002/1,No.DCP-2017-002/2.
文摘BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty,characterized by the coexistence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty,represents a multifaceted challenge in the aging population.The role of cardiovascular risk factors in this complex interplay is not yet fully understood.AIM To investigate the relationships between cardiovascular risk factors and older persons with cognitive frailty by pooling data from two cohorts of studies in Malaysia.METHODS A comprehensive approach was employed,with a total of 512 communitydwelling older persons aged 60 years and above,involving two cohorts of older persons from previous studies.Datasets related to cardiovascular risks,namely sociodemographic factors,and cardiovascular risk factors,including hypertension,diabetes,hypercholesterolemia,anthropometric characteristics and biochemical profiles,were pooled for analysis.Cognitive frailty was defined based on the Clinical Dementia Rating scale and Fried frailty score.Cardiovascular risk was determined using Framingham risk score.Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS version 21.RESULTS Of the study participants,46.3%exhibited cognitive frailty.Cardiovascular risk factors including hypertension(OR:1.60;95%CI:1.12-2.30),low fat-free mass(OR:0.96;95%CI:0.94-0.98),high percentage body fat(OR:1.04;95%CI:1.02-1.06),high waist circumference(OR:1.02;95%CI:1.01-1.04),high fasting blood glucose(OR:1.64;95%CI:1.11-2.43),high Framingham risk score(OR:1.65;95%CI:1.17-2.31),together with sociodemographic factors,i.e.,being single(OR 3.38;95%CI:2.26-5.05)and low household income(OR 2.18;95%CI:1.44-3.30)were found to be associated with cognitive frailty.CONCLUSION Cardiovascular-risk specific risk factors and sociodemographic factors were associated with risk of cognitive frailty,a prodromal stage of dementia.Early identification and management of cardiovascular risk factors,particularly among specific group of the population might mitigate the risk of cognitive frailty,hence preventing dementia.
基金supported by the Industrial Support Project of Gansu Colleges under Grant No.2022CYZC-11Gansu Natural Science Foundation Project under Grant No.21JR7RA114+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.622760736,No.1762078,and No.61363058Northwest Normal University Teachers Research Capacity Promotion Plan under Grant No.NWNU-LKQN2019-2.
文摘The exercise recommendation system is emerging as a promising application in online learning scenarios,providing personalized recommendations to assist students with explicit learning directions.Existing solutions generally follow a collaborative filtering paradigm,while the implicit connections between students(exercises)have been largely ignored.In this study,we aim to propose an exercise recommendation paradigm that can reveal the latent connections between student-student(exercise-exercise).Specifically,a new framework was proposed,namely personalized exercise recommendation with student and exercise portraits(PERP).It consists of three sequential and interdependent modules:Collaborative student exercise graph(CSEG)construction,joint random walk,and recommendation list optimization.Technically,CSEG is created as a unified heterogeneous graph with students’response behaviors and student(exercise)relationships.Then,a joint random walk to take full advantage of the spectral properties of nearly uncoupled Markov chains is performed on CSEG,which allows for full exploration of both similar exercises that students have finished and connections between students(exercises)with similar portraits.Finally,we propose to optimize the recommendation list to obtain different exercise suggestions.After analyses of two public datasets,the results demonstrated that PERP can satisfy novelty,accuracy,and diversity.
文摘Medical Internet of Things(IoT)devices are becoming more and more common in healthcare.This has created a huge need for advanced predictive health modeling strategies that can make good use of the growing amount of multimodal data to find potential health risks early and help individuals in a personalized way.Existing methods,while useful,have limitations in predictive accuracy,delay,personalization,and user interpretability,requiring a more comprehensive and efficient approach to harness modern medical IoT devices.MAIPFE is a multimodal approach integrating pre-emptive analysis,personalized feature selection,and explainable AI for real-time health monitoring and disease detection.By using AI for early disease detection,personalized health recommendations,and transparency,healthcare will be transformed.The Multimodal Approach Integrating Pre-emptive Analysis,Personalized Feature Selection,and Explainable AI(MAIPFE)framework,which combines Firefly Optimizer,Recurrent Neural Network(RNN),Fuzzy C Means(FCM),and Explainable AI,improves disease detection precision over existing methods.Comprehensive metrics show the model’s superiority in real-time health analysis.The proposed framework outperformed existing models by 8.3%in disease detection classification precision,8.5%in accuracy,5.5%in recall,2.9%in specificity,4.5%in AUC(Area Under the Curve),and 4.9%in delay reduction.Disease prediction precision increased by 4.5%,accuracy by 3.9%,recall by 2.5%,specificity by 3.5%,AUC by 1.9%,and delay levels decreased by 9.4%.MAIPFE can revolutionize healthcare with preemptive analysis,personalized health insights,and actionable recommendations.The research shows that this innovative approach improves patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency in the real world.
基金Supported by Zhangjiakou Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2322112D.
文摘BACKGROUND Breast cancer is among the most common malignancies worldwide.With progress in treatment methods and levels,the overall survival period has been prolonged,and the demand for quality care has increased.AIM To investigate the effect of individualized and continuous care intervention in patients with breast cancer.METHODS Two hundred patients with breast cancer who received systemic therapy at The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University(January 2021 to July 2023)were retrospectively selected as research participants.Among them,134 received routine care intervention(routing group)and 66 received personalized and continuous care(intervention group).Self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast(FACT-B)scores,including limb shoulder joint activity,complication rate,and care satisfaction,were compared between both groups after care.RESULTS SAS and SDS scores were lower in the intervention group than in the routing group at one and three months after care.The total FACT-B scores and five dimensions in the intervention group were higher than those in the routing group at three months of care.The range of motion of shoulder anteflexion,posterior extension,abduction,internal rotation,and external rotation in the intervention group was higher than that in the routing group one month after care.The incidence of postoperative complications was 18.18%lower in the intervention group than in the routing group(34.33%;P<0.05).Satisfaction with care was 90.91% higher in the intervention group than in the routing group(78.36%;P<0.05).CONCLUSION Personalized and continuous care can alleviate negative emotions in patients with breast cancer,quicken rehabilitation of limb function,decrease the incidence of complications,and improve living quality and care satisfaction.
基金financial support under Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak for a Post-Seed Research Grant(DRD/23/75)sanctioned to Dr.NS Chauhan.
文摘A diverse array of microbes in and on the human body constitute the microbiota.These micro-residents continuously interact with the human host through the language of metabolites to dictate the host’s physiology in health and illnesses.Any biotic and abiotic component ensuring a balanced host-microbiota interaction are potential microbiome therapeutic agents to overcome human diseases.Plant metabolites are continually being used to treat various illnesses.These metabolites target the host’s metabolic machinery and host-gut microbiota interactions to overcome human diseases.Despite the paramount therapeutic significance of the factors affecting host-microbiota interactions,a comprehensive overview of the modulatory role of plant-derived metabolites in host-microbiota interactions is lacking.The current review puts an effort into comprehending the role of medicinal plants in gut microbiota modulation to mitigate various human illnesses.It would develop a holistic understanding of hostmicrobiota interactions and the role of effectors in health and diseases.
文摘The integration of wearable technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized healthcare, enabling advanced personal health monitoring systems. This article explores the transformative impact of wearable technologies and AI on healthcare, highlighting the development and theoretical application of the Integrated Personal Health Monitoring System (IPHMS). By integrating data from various wearable devices, such as smartphones, Apple Watches, and Oura Rings, the IPHMS framework aims to revolutionize personal health monitoring through real-time alerts, comprehensive tracking, and personalized insights. Despite its potential, the practical implementation faces challenges, including data privacy, system interoperability, and scalability. The evolution of healthcare technology from traditional methods to AI-enhanced wearables underscores a significant advancement towards personalized care, necessitating further research and innovation to address existing limitations and fully realize the benefits of such integrated health monitoring systems.
文摘Protection of personal information is a significant issue in the construction of legal systems in various countries in the information age.Introducing a balanced approach for protecting personal information is an important goal of basic human rights protection and data legislation.Personal information protection involves comprehensive considerations among various values,and the balanced structure between personal information rights and other rights systems has become the key to legislation on personal information protection.The“news exception”is a prominent example representing the balanced structure of personal information protection.As a societal instrument,news not only pursues commercial value but also advocates freedom of expression and public value.There exists a natural tension between news and personal information protection.The“news exception”of the balanced structure has become a fundamental requirement and important connotation for constructing a system for protecting personal information.The balanced structure of the“news exception”requires a reasonable definition of the concept and purpose of news,and both the self-discipline within the news industry and the judicial intervention are necessary factors.China has preliminarily completed the top-level legislative design of personal information protection through laws such as the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China(PRC)and the Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China.However,the balanced mechanism of the“news exception”has not yet been fully established in China.A“news exception”based on the ideas of balance and the improvement of the institutional system is the fundamental principle for the development of China’s personal information protection system.
基金the“Application of the Dynamic System Theory in the Determination of Infringement Liability for Immaterial Personality Rights in the Civil Code”(Project Approval Number 2022MFXH006)a project of the young scholar research program of the Civil Law Society of CLS in 2022。
文摘The advent of the big data era has presented unprecedented challenges to remedies for personal information infringement in areas such as damage assessment,proof of causation,determination of illegality,fault assessment,and liability.Traditional tort law is unable to provide a robust response for these challenges,which severely hinders human rights protection in the digital society.The dynamic system theory represents a third path between fixed constitutive elements and general clauses.It both overcomes the rigidity of the“allor-nothing”legal effect evaluation mechanism of the“element-effect”model and avoids the uncertainty of the general clause model.It can effectively enhance the flexibility of the legal system in responding to social changes.In light of this,it is necessary to construct a dynamic foundational evaluation framework for personal information infringement under the guidance of the dynamic system theory.By relying on the dynamic interplay effect of various foundational evaluation elements,this framework can achieve a flexible evaluation of the constitutive elements of liability and the legal effects of liability for personal information infringement.Through this approach,the crisis of personal information infringement in the era of big data can be mitigated,and the realization of personal information rights as digital human rights can be promoted.
文摘Objective:To explore the value of receiving personalized comprehensive care for patients with severe pneumonia.Methods:73 patients with severe pneumonia who visited the clinic from February 2020 to February 2023 were included in this study.The patients were randomly grouped into Group A and Group B.Group A received personalized comprehensive care whereas Group B received conventional care.The value of care was compared.Results:The duration of mechanical ventilation time,the time taken for fever and dyspnea relief,and the hospitalization time of Group A were shorter than those in Group B(P<0.05).The blood gas indexes such as PaO_(2),PaCO_(2),and blood pH of Group A were better than those of Group B(P<0.05).The pulmonary function indexes such as peak expiratory flow(PEF),forced vital capacity(FVC),and forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV_(1))of Group A were better than those of Group B,P<0.05.Moreover,the patients in Group A were generally more satisfied with the care given compared to the patients in Group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Personalized comprehensive care improves blood gas indexes,enhances lung function,accelerates the relief of symptoms,and also enhances patient satisfaction in severe pneumonia patients.
文摘As an innovative economic model,the sharing economy has seen rapid growth globally in recent years.It has not only brought a profound impact on traditional economies but also injected new vitality and momentum into the sustainable development of the social economy.However,for the sharing economy,the process of collecting personal income tax is facing several issues,such as the ambiguity of tax policies regarding personal income,challenges in identifying taxpayers,and difficulties in defining income.To achieve the fairness and efficiency of personal income tax collection in the sharing economy,this study proposes optimized regulatory mechanisms and conducts in-depth discussions on the adjustment of personal income tax policies,innovation in tax management technology,and improvement in the quality of personal income tax services.
基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 82170459,2021]Sichuan Science and Technology Program[grant numbers 2022YFH0007,2022]+2 种基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program[grant numbers 23NSFSC1345,2022]the Key Project of Application and Basic Research of Southwest Medical University[grant numbers 2021ZKZD016,2021]the Special Support Project for Young Talents of Southwest Medical University[grant numbers 2020-2022].
文摘In the inflammatory microenvironment,there are numerous exosomes secreted by immune cells(Macrophages,neutrophils,dendritic cells),mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)and platelets as intercellular communicators,which participate in the regulation of inflammation by modulating gene expression and releasing anti-inflammatory factors.Due to their good biocompatibility,accurate targeting,low toxicity and immunogenicity,these exosomes are able to selectively deliver therapeutic drugs to the site of inflammation through interactions between their surface-antibody or modified ligand with cell surface receptors.Therefore,the role of exosome-based biomimetic delivery strategies in inflammatory diseases has attracted increasing attention.Here we review current knowledge and techniques for exosome identification,isolation,modification and drug loading.More importantly,we highlight progress in using exosomes to treat chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis(RA),osteoarthritis(OA),atherosclerosis(AS),and inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Finally,we also discuss their potential and challenges as anti-inflammatory drug carriers.
基金supported by the National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Projects No.52202012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Projects No.51834007)。
文摘With the development of ordnance technology,the survival and safety of individual combatants in hightech warfare are under serious threat,and the Personal Protective Equipment(PPE),as an important guarantee to reduce casualties and maintain military combat effectiveness,is widely developed.This paper systematically reviewed various PPE based on individual combat through literature research and comprehensive discussion,and introduced in detail the latest application progress of PPE in terms of material and technology from three aspects:individual integrated protection system,traditional protection equipment,and intelligent protection equipment,respectively,and discussed in depth the functional improvement and optimization status brought by advanced technology for PPE,focusing on the achievements of individual equipment technology application.Finally,the problems and technical bottlenecks in the development of PPE were analyzed and summarized,and the development trend of PPE were pointed out.The results of the review will provide a forward-looking reference for the current development of individual PPE,and are important guidance for the design and technological innovation of advanced equipment based on the future technological battlefield.