基于上下结合法的战场态势信息本体构建

由于战场态势信息的来源复杂、数据结构和表达方式存在较大差异,建立统一的知识表达模型具有一定的挑战。本体作为语义化的概念模型,常被用于描述知识领域中的概念、关系和属性。提出了一种基于上下结合法的战场态势信息领域本体构建方法。采用自顶向下法构建上层本体,通过定义概念、关系和属性,设计上下位结构明确的概念层次结构模型,建立概念类之间的层级关系和语义关联。采用自底向上法构建底层本体,提出了一种基于双重聚合算法的本体抽取方法。TF-IDF获得实体的特征表示,利用K-means++初步抽象归纳出本体,利用凝聚式层次聚类算法进一步细分本体概念,定义本体之间的关系。使用描述语言OWL和编辑工具Protégé管理本体,最终构建了对战场态势信息进行一致性管理的知识本体模型BattleOnto,在指挥员做出决策时提供支持和帮助。

Transcriptomic and bioinformatics analysis of the mechanism by which erythropoietin promotes recovery from traumatic brain injury in mice

Recent studies have found that erythropoietin promotes the recovery of neurological function after traumatic brain injury.However,the precise mechanism of action remains unclea r.In this study,we induced moderate traumatic brain injury in mice by intrape ritoneal injection of erythro poietin for 3 consecutive days.RNA sequencing detected a total of 4065 differentially expressed RNAs,including 1059 mRNAs,92 microRNAs,799 long non-coding RNAs,and 2115circular RNAs.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology analyses revealed that the coding and non-coding RNAs that were differentially expressed after traumatic brain injury and treatment with erythropoietin play roles in the axon guidance pathway,Wnt pathway,and MAPK pathway.Constructing competing endogenous RNA networks showed that regulatory relationship between the differentially expressed non-coding RNAs and mRNAs.Because the axon guidance pathway was repeatedly enriched,the expression of Wnt5a and Ephb6,key factors in the axonal guidance pathway,was assessed.Ephb6 expression decreased and Wnt5a expression increased after traumatic brain injury,and these effects were reversed by treatment with erythro poietin.These findings suggest that erythro poietin can promote recove ry of nerve function after traumatic brain injury through the axon guidance pathway.

RNA sequencing of exosomes secreted by fibroblast and Schwann cells elucidates mechanisms underlying peripheral nerve regeneration

Exosomes exhibit complex biological functions and mediate a variety of biological processes,such as promoting axonal regeneration and functional recove ry after injury.Long non-coding RNAs(IncRNAs)have been reported to play a crucial role in axonal regeneration.Howeve r,the role of the IncRNA-microRNAmessenger RNA(mRNA)-competitive endogenous RNA(ceRNA)network in exosome-mediated axonal regeneration remains unclear.In this study,we performed RNA transcriptome sequencing analysis to assess mRNA expression patterns in exosomes produced by cultured fibroblasts(FC-EXOs)and Schwann cells(SCEXOs).Diffe rential gene expression analysis,Gene Ontology analysis,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis,and protein-protein intera ction network analysis were used to explo re the functions and related pathways of RNAs isolated from FC-EXOs and SC-EXOs.We found that the ribosome-related central gene Rps5 was enriched in FC-EXOs and SC-EXOs,which suggests that it may promote axonal regeneration.In addition,using the miRWalk and Starbase prediction databases,we constructed a regulatory network of ceRNAs targeting Rps5,including 27 microRNAs and five IncRNAs.The ceRNA regulatory network,which included Ftx and Miat,revealed that exsosome-derived Rps5 inhibits scar formation and promotes axonal regeneration and functional recovery after nerve injury.Our findings suggest that exosomes derived from fibro blast and Schwann cells could be used to treat injuries of peripheral nervous system.

Anatomical Retrofitting:Pi(脾)as Spleen and the Persistence of Ontological Ambivalence

Over the past decade,medical researchers in China have debated whether the Pi(脾)corresponds to the biomedical spleen or pancreas.This debate exemplifies a broader phenomenon of“anatomical retrofitting”,or the anachronistic imposition of contemporary categories onto living historical objects.“Anatomical retrofitting”as a means of rectifying cases of mistranslation further positions the biomedical spleen and pancreas as representing ahistorical,universal truths.This framework gives rise to a conceptual binary:while the biomedical spleen is universalized as what philosophers may describe as“logical”ontology,the Pi connects to a different nature of reality,or“metaphysical”ontology.Far from being an object of imprecision,the Pi was a dynamic vessel that also shared characteristics with the humoral spleen.Given that scholars in China have already subjected Pi to historical scrutiny,this paper urges scholars to do the same with biomedical anatomy.For instance,historically situating the humoral spleen demonstrates that it became less known and less articulated as it transformed into the biomedical spleen.Meanwhile,the pancreas remained an unstable epistemic object that took on the dynamic functions of the humoral spleen in nineteenth-century organotherapy.Through primary source analysis and literature review,this paper contends that the apparent ontological incommensurability between Pi and spleen is neither mutually exclusive nor irreconcilable.Instead,the dynamic nature of internal viscera,their many functions,and their participation in epistemic practices contribute to an ongoing ontological ambivalence that persists despite the forced certainty of anatomical retrofitting.

Using ontology and rules to retrieve the semantics of disaster remote sensing data

Remote sensing data plays an important role in natural disaster management.However,with the increase of the variety and quantity of remote sensors,the problem of“knowledge barriers”arises when data users in disaster field retrieve remote sensing data.To improve this problem,this paper proposes an ontology and rule based retrieval(ORR)method to retrieve disaster remote sensing data,and this method introduces ontology technology to express earthquake disaster and remote sensing knowledge,on this basis,and realizes the task suitability reasoning of earthquake disaster remote sensing data,mining the semantic relationship between remote sensing metadata and disasters.The prototype system is built according to the ORR method,which is compared with the traditional method,using the ORR method to retrieve disaster remote sensing data can reduce the knowledge requirements of data users in the retrieval process and improve data retrieval efficiency.

International Healthcare Terminologies for Morbidity New Era: SNOMED and ICD11

The Information Technology (IT) developments have changed the use of Healthcare terminologies from paper-based mortality statistics with the WHO international classifications of diseases (ICD) to the IT-based morbidity implementations for instance for Casemix-based healthcare funding and managing systems. This higher level of granularity is worldwide spread under the umbrella of several national modifications named ICD10 XM. These developments have met the increased use of the International Clinical Reference Terminology named SNOMED. When the updating of WHO ICD10 to WHO ICD11 was decided a merging was envisaged and a WHO SNOMED CT common work proposed a methodology to create a common formal ontology between the 11th version of the WHO International Classification of Diseases and Health Problems (ICD) and the most used in the world clinical terminology named Systematized Nomenclature of Human and Veterinary Medicine - Clinical Terms (SCT). The present work follows this unachieved work and aims to develop a SNOMED-based formal ontology for ICD11 chapter 1 using the textual definitions of ICD11 codes which is a completely new character of ICD and the ontology tools provided by SCT in the publicly available SNOMED Browser. There are two key results: the lexical alignment is complete and the ontology alignment is incomplete with the validated SNOMED concept model can be completed with not yet validated attributes and values of the SNOMED Compositional Grammar. The work opens a new era for the seamless use of both international terminologies for morbidity for instance for DRG/Casemix and clinical management use. The main limitation is that it is restricted to 1 out of 26 chapters of ICD11.

From In-Out Duality to the Foundation of Social Quantum Mechanics

This paper introduces a framework of in-out duality, merging insights from quantum mechanics with social sciences to illuminate the complex interplay between internal potentialities and external manifestations. It articulates foundational, mathematical axioms (Entanglement, Homogeneity, Emergence, and Measurement) that underpin the dynamics of systems, emphasizing the interconnectedness and emergent behaviors resulting from internal and external interactions. By exploring quantum concepts like coherence, entanglement, and superposition, the paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach termed Quantum Social Mechanics. This approach challenges classical paradigms, advocating for a reevaluation of conventional notions through the lens of quantum principles. The paper argues that understanding the universe’s complexities requires a synthesis of motion states and potential states, suggesting a paradigm shift towards integrating quantum mechanics into the philosophical foundation of social theory. Through this comprehensive framework, the paper aims to foster a deeper understanding of the universe’s interconnected nature and the dynamic processes that govern the emergence of complex systems and behaviors.

The Origin of Quarks in Quantum Gravity

A theory of quantum gravity has recently been developed by the author based on the concept that all forces converge to one at the moment of Creation. This primordial field can only interact with itself, as no other field exists, contrasting with the Standard Model of Particle Physics in which each elementary particle is an excitation in its own quantum field. The primordial field theory of quantum gravity has produced a model of a fermion with a mass gap, ½-integral spin, discrete charge, and magnetic moment. The mass gap is based on an existence theorem that is anchored in Yang-Mills, while Calabi-Yau anchors ½-integral spin, with charge and magnetic moment based on duality. Based on N-windings, this work is here extended to encompass fractional charge, with the result applied to quarks, yielding fermion mass and charge in agreement with experiment and novel size correlations and a unique quantum gravity-based ontological understanding of quarks.

Ontology研究综述

Ontology是描述概念及概念之间关系的概念模型 ,通过概念之间的关系来描述概念的语义。作为一种有效表现概念层次结构和语义的模型 ,Ontology被广泛地应用到计算机科学的众多领域。本文作者对目前Ontology的研究与应用现状进行了综述性地介绍 ,从Ontology的定义、Ontol ogy理论研究、Ontology在信息系统中的应用以及在语义Web中的地位等方面加以了系统阐述。

一个语义Web构架及其实现

语义Web是国际互联网组织W3C制定的关于未来Web的一个长远蓝图,近两年发展异常迅猛,并显示出诱人的应用前景。该文在概述语义Web基本技术的基础上,设计了一个面向企业门户网站的语义Web体系结构;提出了页面代理的概念及其作用与功能结构;设计了语义Web查询语言CDQL,该语言在跨信息源查询、约束表示等方面扩充了DQL查询语言。

应急事件Ontology语义模型及其应用

应急联动系统IERS是综合各种应急服务资源,采用统一号码,用于公众报告紧急事件,统一接警与指挥,联合行动,为市民提供应急服务的大型时空信息应用动态集成系统。IERS面临多领域集成的挑战,基于应急事件Ontology语义模型E2M集成是有效的手段。E2M有事件、过程、动作3个层次。E2M提供信息交换的通用模型和词汇表,是各业务达成一致的关键基础和共同理解。

一种新的基于Ontology的信息抽取方法

把语法分析和Ontology结合起来 ,先利用领域Ontology里的概念、关系、关键字自动生成标注规则(Rule) ,然后对文章、句子的语法结构进行分析 ,再利用语法分析的结果和先前生成的标注规则一起对文档进行信息标注与抽取 。

基于Ontology的Web内容二阶段半自动提取方法

目前Web中的海量信息已经成为人们重要的信息来源 ,如何从大量半结构化或无结构的HTML网页中提取信息已成为目前的研究热点 .但是Web页面的初始设计目的是为了方便用户浏览 ,而不是便于应用程序自动处理 ,如何实现一个精确的、应用广泛的提取系统面临很多困难 .传统的方法可以粗略划分为基于交互产生的包装程序和自动生成的包装程序 ,但是基于交互产生的包装程序不具备普遍的应用性 ,基于自动生成的包装程序准确性不高 .该文提出了一种新的二阶段基于语义的半自动提取方法 ,在保证提取准确性的前提下 ,尽可能减少交互操作 ,同时随着参与网站的增加 ,逐步提高包装程序生成的自动化 .相对于目前的方法 ,该文方法同时考虑了包装程序提取结果的准确性和提取过程的应用普遍性 .其有效性在原型系统中得到验证 .应用该方法 ,已经成功提取了12 0万HTML页面 .

安佳欣胶囊对抑郁症模型大鼠基因功能类表达影响的初步研究

目的研究安佳欣胶囊对抑郁症模型大鼠基因功能类表达的影响。方法分析抑郁症大鼠模型组和安佳欣胶囊组各8例样本的基因表达谱数据,筛选差异表达基因。利用基因功能分类体系Gene Ontology中的生物学过程子树和细胞组分子树,寻找和分析显著聚集差异表达基因的复合功能类,从分子水平和基因功能模块水平探索安佳欣胶囊对抑郁症模型大鼠基因表达谱的影响。结果筛选出330个差异表达基因,并进一步识别了8个差异表达基因功能模块,主要涉及糖代谢、蛋白转运、谷氨酰胺代谢、凋亡诱导和神经发生。通过文献证实进一步发现了差异功能模块中7个可能与抑郁症发病相关的基因(Pfkm、Gpx1、Stx1a、Ninj2、Plp、Evl、Nrn1)在两组动物中差异表达。结论安佳欣胶囊可能增加抑郁症模型大鼠的单胺递质合成和释放,改善神经保护和神经发生功能,这些改变可能与安佳欣胶囊的抗抑郁作用有关。

基于Ontology的网络地理服务描述与发现

针对目前Web服务的行业标准中服务描述和发现方法的不足 ,提出了一种基于Ontology的网络地理信息服务描述和发现方法。其核心思想是采用“概念层 应用层”两个层次来描述地理信息服务 ,将服务发布后 ,通过对服务描述中输入输出等参数和用户需求中功能描述的测度来判断服务与用户需求的匹配程度 ,从而进行服务发现。

基于Ontology的语义检索研究

本文从语义检索和概念空间的内涵入手,分析了现有的两种概念空间形式,重点分析了基于Ontology的概念空间的构建方法、描述语言及其编辑工具Protégé.在此基础上,分析了基于Ontology的语义检索系统的构建步骤及其关键技术.最后利用Protégé实现了简单的语义检索.

Using ontology semantics to improve text documents clustering

In order to improve the clustering results and select in the results, the ontology semantic is combined with document clustering. A new document clustering algorithm based WordNet in the phrase of document processing is proposed. First, every word vector by new entities is extended after the documents are represented by tf-idf. Then the feature extracting algorithm is applied for the documents. Finally, the algorithm of ontology aggregation clustering （OAC） is proposed to improve the result of document clustering. Experiments are based on the data set of Reuters 20 News Group, and experimental results are compared with the results obtained by mutual information（MI）. The conclusion draws that the proposed algorithm of document clustering based on ontology is better than the other existed clustering algorithms such as MNB, CLUTO, co-clustering, etc.

基于ontology抽取优化初始选择的检索结果聚类

本文针对互联网的数据量的不断增加,准确搜索引擎的作用日益困难的问题,为了提高搜索引擎返回结果结构化聚类的效果,让信息的定位更迅速,本文采用基于标签的聚类算法,并使用自然语言处理技术中的依存句法分析和词典资源,深度挖掘语义结构,提出基于优化初始选择的K均值聚类方法.本文深入分析K均值聚类算法特点,并利用类别标签技术对该算法进行有效改进.实验证明该算法不仅在效果上优于一般聚类算法,对结果描述也有很大帮助,在效率上也得到很大提高.

基于Ontology与Jena的研究综述

Ontology是共享概念模型明确的形式化的规范说明.它是实现语义Web的关键技术之一.Ontology的目标是捕获相关领域的知识,提供对该领域知识的共同理解,确定该领域内共同认可的词汇,并从不同层次的形式化模式上给出这些词汇(术语)和词汇之间相互关系的明确定义.文章首先对Ontology在语义Web中地位、Ontology的定义、相关理论、构建方法以及构建工具等方面加以系统阐述,然后介绍了构造语义Web应用程序Java框架的工具Jena.最后对目前基于Ontology与Jena的应用现状进行综述性介绍.

典型标签本体模型的比较分析研究

本体与大众分类中标签的结合研究是目前相关领域的研究热点,国内外众多学者针对标签的多样性、模糊性等缺陷,构建了多种标签本体模型,其中,Tag Ontology、SCOT和MOAT是最具典型性的三种标签本体模型。本文首先分析了这三种典型标签本体模型的构建原理,然后以资源、标签、标引者、标签集和含义等元素为比较标准,分别从基本信息、类和属性等方面对三个标签本体模型的适用性和完备性进行了详细的比较研究,最后分析和总结了三者各自的功能特点和不足,并提出了标签本体未来研究的几点思路,即整合三种典型模型、构建基于多语种的标签本体模型和构建与更新多领域的在线本体库。