Different people,different wild:Comparing and mapping wilderness representation in Wuyishan National Park,China

It is essential to better integrate wilderness representations of different stakeholders into wilderness conservation.The way in which local residents and other stakeholders frame the construction of wilderness of protected areas in developing countries are poorly understood.In these areas,land use policy and decision may lead to conflicts.This study aims to explore existing public wilderness representations using a questionnaire survey(n=514)administered amongst tourists and other stakeholders in the Wuyishan National Park,in southeast China.The spatial differences in public representations of wilderness across different stakeholder groups were compared against expert knowledge.We found that integrated wilderness representation maps of different stakeholder groups were consistent,namely'area where wild animals live','area with no human influence','a barren and lonely area'.However,three sub-representations of the individual stakeholders varied significantly.Moreover,expert-based wilderness mapping did not reflect public representations accurately,and an integrated wilder-ness quality map considering wilderness representations across both stakeholders and experts can better identify detailed wilderness areas.Our study provides new insights and technical support for future exploration of wilder-ness conservation and mapping in China and other countries with insufficient awareness of wilderness values and investigations in a regional scale.

Innovation and Practice of the Cultivation Mode of Application-Oriented Undergraduate Talents in Agricultural and Forestry Colleges under the Guidance of the Spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness

Heilongjiang reclamation area has made great progress since its development and construction, among which the agricultural and forestry colleges in China have played a key role in the input of talents for the production of reclamation area, and the spirit of the Great Wilderness has important strategic significance for the cultivation of agricultural and forestry talents. Taking Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University as an example, this paper analyzes the ways of the Great Northern Wilderness Spirit for cultivating application-oriented undergraduate talents in agricultural and forestry colleges, improving the curriculum system of undergraduate talents through innovation, strengthening the cultivation of students’ innovative ability, leading students’ scientific research and academic level, and enhancing students’ practical ability. To innovate the cultivation mode of application-oriented undergraduate talents in agricultural and forestry colleges under the guidance of the spirit of the Great Northern Wilderness, and to provide a reference mode for the cultivation of undergraduate talents in agricultural and forestry colleges in China.

Chan Buddhism in Wilderness and the Buddhist Tourism

The culture of landscape constitutes one of the vital characteristics of Chinese culture,in which,Chan Buddhism is a typical kind of Buddhist culture expressed by the natural objects.Chinese Buddhism,represented by Chan School,is interpreted by the beautiful natural scenery,therefore it is closely related to the tourism from the ancient time.However,this link is to defend Buddhist tourism,which is inevitably criticized,since the secularization of sacred Buddhism,though Buddhist tourism is beneficial for life,society,economy,and Buddhism itself.But this sort of criticism is a misunderstanding of Chinese Buddhism since that Chinese Buddhism absorbs Zhuang Zi’s thought that“the ultimate truth(道)is in shit(屎尿)”1,so that it purports to the sacred dimension which is overlapped by the secular aspect.For example,the short poems composed by masters in Chan School“The Buddhist dharma is in this world,so that the enlightenment could not be realized outside of the human world”,“where there is bamboo and flower,there is dharma and prajna”,are the best way to express this kind of divine concept,moreover,Buddhist tourism is an effective practice to allocate this divine connotation.

‘Happy Chinese New Year'Concert China National Opera House Performs in Latvia,Uzbekistan and Austria During 2024 Chinese New Year

At the beginning of 2024,Liu Yunzhi,President of China National Opera House,and nearly 50 artists from the Opera troupe,Choir and Symphony of the Opera House held"Happy Chinese New Year"concerts in Latvia,Uzbekistan and Austria,in"the simplest and most friendly way to convey the sound of cultural exchanges",which added impetus to the cultural exchanges between China and the world.

Mask changing of Sichuan Opera

Activity 1.Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.If you were to introduce Sichuan Opera facechanging to people from other countries,what key points would you emphasize?2.If you had the opportunity to learn the art of facechanging in Sichuan Opera,what difficulties do you think you might encounter?

A Refreshing Fusion A new style of musical show presents the charm of Chinese opera to younger audiences

The premiere of the Chinese opera-style musical Snow Embracing the Blue Pass on 21 June was a spectacle of excitement and cultural richness.On stage at Beijing’s Tianqiao Theater,music players,Chinese opera performers,and drama actors performed in perfect harmony,showcasing their extraordinary talents in one show.

A Study of the Effect of Sichuan Opera Singing on the Vocal Skills of Music Students

The purpose of the article is to explore the effects of Sichuan opera singing on music majors’vocal skills,focusing on three key aspects:pitch test,assessment of rhythmic perception,and emotional expression.Through a quasi-experimental design,100 music majors were selected as research subjects and divided into an experimental group that received Sichuan opera singing instruction and a control group that received traditional vocal instruction.The results showed that compared with the control group,the experimental group receiving Sichuan opera singing teaching showed significant improvement in pitch mastery,rhythm perception,and emotional expression.

The Relations of Civilization to Wilderness in Wuthering Heights

This paper aims at the relations of civilization to wilderness in Wuthering Heights.By centering around the unity of Hareton and young Cathy,we shall argue that civilization is a process of negating wilderness and reconcilement with wildness.This paper is largely a rudimentary step to conclude that wilderness can be tamed,and love can overcome all obstacles and civilization will win at last.

“OperaPMS”在酒店管理与数字化运营专业教学应用的途径与方法

为提升客人入住体验,酒店专业人才不仅需要熟练操作智能化系统,还需要基于客人实际需求灵活应用智能化功能与服务,体现个性化服务与细微服务。基于“Opera PMS”在酒店管理与数字化运营专业教学应用中的重要性,以浙江旅游职业学院、唐山工业职业技术学院、湖南工程职业技术学院3所高职院校的“Opera PMS”课程为研究对象,实际调研并对比分析教学实施情况,剖析教学过程中存在的问题及原因,就如何将“Opera PMS”技术与专业课程教学有机融合的问题,分别从重构专业核心能力课程体系,推进线上线下相结合的理实一体项目化教学,完善与落实机房管理制度以及持续性优化教师专业综合能力等方面提出“Opera PMS”教学应用的途径与方法。

The effect of wilderness and medical training on injury and altitude preparedness among backcountry hikers in Rocky Mountain National Park

BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to document the correlation between medical and wilderness training with levels of preparedness for acute mountain sickness(AMS),illness,and injury among backcountry hikers.METHODS:We conducted a cross-sectional,convenience survey in Rocky Mountain National Park in July and August 2015.The study group consisted of 380 hikers who completed a written survey that collected information about demographics,wilderness experience,altitude experience,hiking equipment,communications devices,and trip planning.RESULTS:Factors such as wilderness training(wilderness first aid[WFA],wilderness first responder[WFR],or wilderness emergency medical technician[WEMT]),wilderness experience,and altitude experience all affected hikers’emergency preparedness.Respondents with medical training were more prepared to avoid or respond to AMS(62.3%vs.34.3%[P<0.001]).They were also more prepared to avoid or manage injury/illness than hikers without medical training(37.7%vs.20.7%[P=0.003]).Participants with wilderness training were more likely to be prepared to avoid or respond to AMS(52.3%vs.36.8%[P=0.025])but not significantly more likely to be prepared to manage illness/injury(31.8%vs.22.0%[P<0.11]).Adjusting for experience,wilderness training,age,and gender,we found that medical training was associated with increased preparedness for AMS(OR2.72;95%CI 1.51–4.91)and injury/illness(OR 2.71;95%CI 1.5–4.89).CONCLUSION:Medically trained hikers were more likely to be prepared to avoid or manage AMS,medical emergencies,and injuries than their non-medically trained counterparts.Wilderness training increased hikers’preparedness for AMS but did not significantly alter preparedness for illness/injury.

Wilderness medicine

BACKGROUND: Human activity in wilderness areas has increased globally in recent decades, leading to increased risk of injury and illness. Wilderness medicine has developed in response to both need and interest.METHODS: The field of wilderness medicine encompasses many areas of interest. Some focus on special circumstances(such as avalanches) while others have a broader scope(such as trauma care). Several core areas of key interest within wilderness medicine are discussed in this study.RESULTS: Wilderness medicine is characterized by remote and improvised care of patients with routine or exotic illnesses or trauma, limited resources and manpower, and delayed evacuation to definitive care. Wilderness medicine is developing rapidly and draws from the breadth of medical and surgical subspecialties as well as the technical fields of mountaineering, climbing, and diving. Research, epidemiology, and evidence-based guidelines are evolving. A hallmark of this field is injury prevention and risk mitigation. The range of topics encompasses high-altitude cerebral edema, decompression sickness, snake envenomation, lightning injury, extremity trauma, and gastroenteritis. Several professional societies, academic fellowships, and training organizations offer education and resources for laypeople and health care professionals.CONCLUSIONS: The future of wilderness medicine is unfolding on multiple fronts: education, research, training, technology, communications, and environment. Although wilderness medicine research is technically difficult to perform, it is essential to deepening our understanding of the contribution of specific techniques in achieving improvements in clinical outcomes.

理解美国“荒野”——论"wilderness"(“荒野”)的实质与翻译

"wilderness"既是美国生态思想的一个关键词,也是美国生态批评的重要概念。国内生态文学研究普遍使用“荒野”这个译法,该译法可能源于杰克·伦敦小说的中文译本《荒野的呼唤》。但是,“荒野”的含义根植于中国传统农业文明、实用理性、人文情怀与正统意识,"wilderness"的观念根植于西方蛮族狩猎文化、宗教信仰、海洋文化与边缘意识,二者差异显著。因此,在尊重历史的基础上,因地制宜采用各种译法翻译"wilderness",体现后者复杂的内涵,并符合中美文化传统在生态观念与审美意识方面的深刻差异,是更好的选择。

Spatial Analysis of Livestock Grazing and Forest Service Management in the High Uintas Wilderness, Utah

This case study addresses the Forest Service reauthorization for grazing of domestic sheep in Utah’s High Uintas Wilderness, USA. It provides an approach using spatial analysis and aerial imagery to evaluate the lands capable of being grazed based on Forest Service criteria and field surveys. The resulting model and analysis demonstrated that the Forest Service has not applied its own criteria. This has led to the Forest Service overestimating the amount of land and numbers of sheep that can be supported in the study area. Past field studies show this has resulted in environmental damage by grazing sheep. Our analysis concludes that the numbers of domestic sheep should be greatly reduced to protect these lands and wilderness values. Limitations of the study include the lack of a suitably detailed soil survey to determine erosion susceptibility, a lack of ground cover data, a lack of Forest Service data for the level of grazing use, or utilization, and the lack of a Forest Service quantitative measurement of vegetation production in each plant community and soil type. In the end, our use of aerial imagery, GIS determinations of areas of steep slopes and dense forests, and our measurement of vegetation production in the dominant soil types showed most of the land is not capable for grazing domestic sheep even in the absence of this other data.

Reality of the Remote Wilderness―Krakauer’s Into the Wild and the Inner Desert

In Jon Krakauer’s nonfiction writing,Into the Wild(1996),away from the early 1990s’American society filled with products and information,young McCandless headed for the Alaskan Wilderness which was believed as the last frontier.This remote wilderness far beyond several designated wilderness areas in the American West was a destination of his spiritual journey.The image of the wilderness overlaps with the desert in the fourth-century hagiographic literature in terms of solitude,pure and sacred.Although the image of the wilderness is an illusion,harsh experience quite different from daily routine give McCandless a sense of reality.If his purpose of going to wildernesses was searching for“authentic self”through“bodily feelings”(Wang,361),the remote wilderness would be reckoned to have“existential authenticity”(Wang,358)which makes him feel reality.However,when the wilderness experience inspired McCandless to go back home,a sense of reality shifted from the remote wilderness to society.Into the Wild is probably not literature to praise desert solitude,rather,Krakauer focuses on the relative self among people.

The Spiritual Evolution and Integration of the Archetype ＂the Fictitious Land of Peace and Happiness＂ in Chinese Literature and the Archetype ＂the Wilderness＂ in American Literature

The fictitious land of peace and happiness in Chinese literature and the wilderness in American literature are a pair of archetypes which are typical and crystallize collective unconsciousness.Seeming quite different each other,the two archetypes in fact have similar spiritual implication and develop into the exploration of ecological consciousness in the present cultural dilemma and the ecological literature bearing the global literary characteristics which emphasize both aesthetics and ecological consciousness.It shows that cultures of different nations have similarities and can communicate with each other.Only through cultural communication and abandoning the binary opposition of self and non-self can the glorious vision of multi- culture of human beings be formed.

Opera PMS系统应用于中职前厅服务课程教学的探索与效果

中职学校作为培养专业酒店管理人才的重要储备基地,在酒店管理专业的核心课程——前厅服务课程的教学过程中引入Opera PMS系统有3个方面的必要性:第一,符合酒店管理行业对人才的技能要求;第二,有利于提升核心课程的实践教学效果,同时快速提升学生对专业课理论知识的掌握和实践操作能力;第三,有利于学生未来就业以及职业生涯长期发展。

The Modernization of Traditional Chinese Opera and a Local Perspective of Local Operas:A Case Study of the Research on the Yisu Art Troupe by Li Youjun and Guo Hongjun

From both historical and artistic points of view,Qinqiang Opera can be considered a significant genre outside the realms of Peking Opera and Kunqu Opera.The research on Qinqiang Opera has long been a focal point in the research on local operas with particular emphasis from a local perspective of the Yisu Art Troupe,a key and hot topic in the studies of Qinqiang Opera.Taking the Yisu Art Troupe as a case study to scrutinize and address the intricacies within the process of modernization of traditional Chinese opera proved to be beneficial.Since the 20th century,studies on the Yisu Art Troupe have evolved from scattered and impressionistic self-narratives into systematic and theoretical academic research.In the new century,scholars,such as Xin Xuefeng,Li Youjun,and Guo Hongjun,have been especially diligent with studies in this field.As Xin Xuefeng is relatively unknown due to his emphasis on traditional opera music,Li Youjun and Guo Hongjun have gradually emerged as important contemporary scholars in the study of the Yisu Art Troupe.Guo and Li not only further theorize the study of the Yisu Art Troupe but also conduct in-depth and meticulous studies on the nature of the Yisu Art Troupe,the establishment of the director-centered mode in Qinqiang Opera,the social function,and the playwriting of the Yisu Art Troupe by examining and reflecting it within the broader context of the modernization of traditional Chinese opera in the 20th century.

Inheritance and Development of Guangxi Minority Musical Instruments and Their Integration With Operas

The traditional musical instrument of minorities converges the evolution of ethnic group culture and history,and ethnic musical instruments are a core component of minority culture.The traditional instruments of Guangxi minorities are rich and varied,and an all-round cultural inheritance and protection mechanism should be used for ethnic musical instruments,so that the performance form of classical musical instruments of minorities can be more widely understood and mastered.Therefore,in this paper,we discuss the specific practice idea of the inheritance and development of classical musical instruments of Guangxi minorities,and facilitate the innovation of development path of ethnic musical instruments by taking the inheritance form of integrating musical instruments with operas.

Old Opera in a New Bottle

A five-member women’s singing group is trying to revive flagging interest in Peking Opera by combining opera with pop elements.THEY come from different places and have different backgrounds, but they have one thing in common-the number 416. That was the number of the dormitory room assigned to them when they enrolled at the Shanghai Theater Academy as young aspiring singers, and today, it’s also the name of their band-the 416 Girls Group, that has become a singing sensation.

Opera PMS系统在中职《前厅服务》教学的SWOT分析——以海南省三亚技师学院为例

OPERA,美国MICROS公司产品,是针对一系列接待业服务形态的软件集合,其中Opera PMS是其核心部分,由于酒店前台是酒店业最早实现信息化的部分,所以Opera PMS也特指酒店的前台操作系统。目前国际国内高星级酒店广泛使用Opera PMS系统,中职院校是为企业输送技能型人才的基地,为了能够提供高质量、符合市场需求的学生,引进了Opera PMS系统,融入到《前厅服务》课程的教学。本文运用SWOT分析方法剖析Opera PMS在中职《前厅服务》教学的现状,存在的优势与劣势,面临的机遇与威胁,为努力提升Opera PMS在中职《前厅服务》教学贡献绵薄之力。