In this paper we investigate the Gazeau–Klauder coherent states using a newly introduced diagonal ordering operation technique, in order to examine some of the properties of these coherent states. The results coincid...In this paper we investigate the Gazeau–Klauder coherent states using a newly introduced diagonal ordering operation technique, in order to examine some of the properties of these coherent states. The results coincide with those obtained from other purely algebraic methods, but the calculations are greatly simplified. We apply the general theory to two cases of Gazeau–Klauder coherent states: pseudoharmonic as well as the Morse oscillators.展开更多
In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechani...In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechanical operators corresponding to the generation of fractional Fourier transform.The core function of the coordinate-momentum exchange operators in the addition law of fractional Fourier transform was analyzed too.In this paper,the bivariate operator Hermite polynomial theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)are used to establish the entanglement fractional Fourier transform theory to the extent of quantum.A new function generating formula and an operator for generating quantum entangled fractional Fourier transform are obtained using the fractional Fourier transform relationship in a pair of conjugated entangled state representations.展开更多
Heavily calcified coronary lesions continue to represent a challenge for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),as they are difficult to dilate,and it is difficult to deliver and implant drug-eluting stents(DES)prope...Heavily calcified coronary lesions continue to represent a challenge for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),as they are difficult to dilate,and it is difficult to deliver and implant drug-eluting stents(DES)properly.Poor stent deployment is associated with high rates of periprocedural complications and suboptimal long-term clinical outcomes.[1]Thanks to the introduction of several adjunctive PCI tools,like cutting and scoring balloons,and to the novel intravascular lithotripsy technology,the treatment of such lesions has become increasingly feasible,predictable and safe.展开更多
BACKGROUND : Experimental animal models of intracerebral hemorrhag (ICH) are greatly needed, so the process of establishment should be ideal in hematoma formation and easy to operate. OBJECTIVE : To construct mode...BACKGROUND : Experimental animal models of intracerebral hemorrhag (ICH) are greatly needed, so the process of establishment should be ideal in hematoma formation and easy to operate. OBJECTIVE : To construct model of ICH in rats with double injection of autologous blood taken from the cut tail cut and double withdrawal of the needle (shortened as two-step injection model), and compare with those induced by single and double injections. DESIGN : A randomized controlled tria SETTING: Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS: Thirty male Wistar rats of 10 to 12 months, weighing (400±25) g, provided by the Experimental Center of Medical Animals, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, were divided randomly into 3 groups with 10 rats in each group: two-step injection group, single injection group, double injection group. METHODS : The experiment was carried out in the Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from March to June in 2004. Autologous blood ICH model in rats were established as follows: In the two-step injection group, 50 μL unclotted autologous blood was taken from the rat tail cut, then injected with microsyringe into the caudate nucleus, 10 μL injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, and then the rest 40 μL injected slowly and continuously within 2 minutes. After the injection, the needle was kept immovable for about 4 minutes, withdrawn 2.0 mm, again kept immovable for about 4 minute, and then removed wholly at a slow speed. In the single injection group, 50 μL unclotted tail blood was injected slowly and continuously all within 2 minutes and the needle was slowly removed;(4) In the double injection group, 10 mL blood was injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, the rest 40 μL injected evenly within 2 minutes, and then the needle was withdrawn slowly and uninterruptedly. Neurologic findings were scored in accordance with Longa's five-point scale (0-4 scores, the higher the score, the severer the neurological dysfunction). The rats were killed to remove and sections were prepared, the morphological features of hematomas were grossly observed, the maximal diameter and size of hematomas in each slice were measured with the imaging analytical system, and the volume was calculated. Meanwhile, the conveniences of the techniques were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The morphological features and volume of hematomas, neurologic deficit score (NDS), and the convenience of the techniques were compared. RESULTS: All the 30 rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. (1) Results of the morphological observation of volume of hematoma: In the two-step injection group, hematomas located in the right caudate nucleus area regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice. The formation rate of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were lower than those in the two-step injection group [60% (6/10), 80% (8/10), 100% (10/10), P〈 0.01, 0.05]. The volume of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than those in the two-step injection group [(28.5±14.8), (33.4±7.4), (41.6±3.9) mm3, P〈 0.01, 0.05]. (2) NDS results: The NDS scores in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than that in the two-step injection group (0.90±0.83, 1.30±0.78, 1.90±0.57, P〈 0.05). (3)Comparison of the convenience of the techniques: The double injection method allowed generating reproducible hematomas in rats with shortcomings that it needed autologous arterial blood from femoral artery, and precision instruments such as microinfusion pump. The two-step injection injected fresh unclotting blood taken directly from the tail cut with microsyringe into the rat brain, and it has the advantages of easy operation, no influence on the activity of thrombase, shorter duration for model establishment, and higher rate of hematoma formation, which could generate ideal and economical models of ICH. The two-step injection induced hemotoma regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice, but those induced by single and double injections were mostly in strip or fusiform shapes and extending along the needle tracks or into the ventricle or subarachnoid space. CONCLUSION : The autologous blood ICH model induced by the two-step injection method is a reproducible and reliable one in regular shape, which is better than those induced by double and single injections.展开更多
The Jaynes-Cummings model is solved with the raising and lowering(shift) operators using the matrix-diagonalizing technique. Bell nonlocality is also found to be present ubiquitously in the excitation states of the ...The Jaynes-Cummings model is solved with the raising and lowering(shift) operators using the matrix-diagonalizing technique. Bell nonlocality is also found to be present ubiquitously in the excitation states of the model.展开更多
BACKGROUND Based on the location and size of the fracture block,open reduction and internal fixation can be employed or assisted for shoulder arthroscopy in the treatment of glenoid fractures.However,the treatment of ...BACKGROUND Based on the location and size of the fracture block,open reduction and internal fixation can be employed or assisted for shoulder arthroscopy in the treatment of glenoid fractures.However,the treatment of lower part of glenoid fractures through a novel axillary approach has not been reported so far.CASE SUMMARY A 22-year-old right-handed man was transferred to our outpatient clinic because of right shoulder injury during a traffic accident.X-ray examination after admission suggested the fracture of the lower part of the right glenoid and an ipiselial proximal humeral fracture.Three-dimensional(3D)computed tomography(CT)further suggested that the size of the fracture block of the lower part of the right glenoid was 3.4 mm×16.2 mm.The patient was diagnosed as the fracture of the lower part of the glenoid,also known as bony Bankart lesion without shoulder dislocation.After general anesthesia,the patient was surgically treated with the open reduction internal fixation through a novel axillary approach.3D CT and shoulder joint function were reexamined at 12 mo of followup,showing acceptable recovery.CONCLUSION This case report describes a novel axillary approach adopted in an open reduction with cannulated screw and wire anchor internal fixation.After a follow-up for more than 12 mo,3D CT and shoulder joint function examinations display a good recovery.展开更多
We present a non-Markovian master equation for a qubit interacting with a general reservoir, which is derived according to the Nakajima-Zwanzig and the time convolutionless projection operator technique. The non-Marko...We present a non-Markovian master equation for a qubit interacting with a general reservoir, which is derived according to the Nakajima-Zwanzig and the time convolutionless projection operator technique. The non-Markovian solutions and Markovian solution of dynamical decay of a qubit are compared. The results indicate the validity of non-Markovian approach in different coupling regimes and also show that the Markovian master equation may not precisely describe the dynamics of an open quantum system in some situation. The non-Markovian solutions may be effective for many qubits independently interacting with the heated reservoirs.展开更多
For the first time,we derive the compact forms of normalization factors for photon-added(-subtracted) two-mode squeezed thermal states by using the P-representation and the integration within an ordered product of o...For the first time,we derive the compact forms of normalization factors for photon-added(-subtracted) two-mode squeezed thermal states by using the P-representation and the integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP) technique.It is found that these two factors are related to the Jacobi polynomials.In addition,some new relationships for Jacobi polynomials are presented.展开更多
Spinal cord injury(SCI)can permanently impair motor and sensory function and has a devastating cost to patients and the United States healthcare system.Stem cell transplantation for treatment of SCI is a new technique...Spinal cord injury(SCI)can permanently impair motor and sensory function and has a devastating cost to patients and the United States healthcare system.Stem cell transplantation for treatment of SCI is a new technique aimed at creating biological functional recovery.Operative techniques in stem cell transplantation for SCI are varied.We review various clinical treatment paradigms,surgical techniques and technical considerations important in SCI treatment.The NCBI PubMed database was queried for“SCI”and“stem cell”with a filter placed for“clinical trials”.Thirty-nine articles resulted from the search and 29 were included and evaluated by study authors.A total of 10 articles were excluded(9 not SCI focused or transplantation focused,1 canine model).Key considerations for stem cell transplantation include method of delivery(intravenous,intrathecal,intramedullary,or excision and engraftment),time course of treatment,number of treatments and time from injury until treatment.There are no phase III clinical trials yet,but decreased time from injury to treatment and a greater number of stem cell injections both seem to increase the chance of functional recovery.展开更多
This study concerns a Ka-band solid-state transmitter cloud radar, made in China, which can operate in three different work modes, with different pulse widths, and coherent and incoherent integration numbers, to meet ...This study concerns a Ka-band solid-state transmitter cloud radar, made in China, which can operate in three different work modes, with different pulse widths, and coherent and incoherent integration numbers, to meet the requirements for cloud remote sensing over the Tibetan Plateau. Specifically, the design of the three operational modes of the radar(i.e., boundary mode M1, cirrus mode M2, and precipitation mode M3) is introduced. Also, a cloud radar data merging algorithm for the three modes is proposed. Using one month's continuous measurements during summertime at Naqu on the Tibetan Plateau,we analyzed the consistency between the cloud radar measurements of the three modes. The number of occurrences of radar detections of hydrometeors and the percentage contributions of the different modes' data to the merged data were estimated.The performance of the merging algorithm was evaluated. The results indicated that the minimum detectable reflectivity for each mode was consistent with theoretical results. Merged data provided measurements with a minimum reflectivity of -35 dBZ at the height of 5 km, and obtained information above the height of 0.2 km. Measurements of radial velocity by the three operational modes agreed very well, and systematic errors in measurements of reflectivity were less than 2 dB. However,large discrepancies existed in the measurements of the linear depolarization ratio taken from the different operational modes.The percentage of radar detections of hydrometeors in mid- and high-level clouds increased by 60% through application of pulse compression techniques. In conclusion, the merged data are appropriate for cloud and precipitation studies over the Tibetan Plateau.展开更多
By introducing the s-parameterized generalized Wigner operator into phase-space quantum mechanics we invent the technique of integration within s-ordered product of operators (which considers normally ordered, antino...By introducing the s-parameterized generalized Wigner operator into phase-space quantum mechanics we invent the technique of integration within s-ordered product of operators (which considers normally ordered, antinormally ordered and Weyl ordered product of operators as its special cases). The s-ordered operator expansion (denoted by s…s ) formula of density operators is derived, which isρ=2/1-s∫d^2β/π〈-β|ρ|β〉sexp{2/s-1(s|β|^2-β*α+βa-αα)}s The s-parameterized quantization scheme is thus completely established.展开更多
We derive some new generating function formulae of the two-variable Hermite polynomials, such as ∞∑n=0tm/m!Hn,2m(x),∞∑n=0sntm/n!m!H2n,2m(x,y),and ∞∑n=0sntm/n!m!H2n+l,2m+k(x,y).We employ the operator Herm...We derive some new generating function formulae of the two-variable Hermite polynomials, such as ∞∑n=0tm/m!Hn,2m(x),∞∑n=0sntm/n!m!H2n,2m(x,y),and ∞∑n=0sntm/n!m!H2n+l,2m+k(x,y).We employ the operator Hermite polynomial method and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators to solve these problems, which will be useful in constructing new optical field states.展开更多
We newly construct two mutually-conjugate tripartite entangled state representations, based on which we propose the formulation of three-mode entangled fractional Fourier transformation (EFFT) and derive the transfo...We newly construct two mutually-conjugate tripartite entangled state representations, based on which we propose the formulation of three-mode entangled fractional Fourier transformation (EFFT) and derive the transformation kernel. The EFFT's additivity property is proved and the eigenmode of EFFT is derived. As an application, we calculate the EFFT of the three-mode squeezed vacuum state.展开更多
A new system of the set-valued mixed quasi-variational-like inclusions (SSMQVLI) involving H-η-monotone operators is studied in general Banach spaces without uniform smoothness. By using the resolvent operator tech...A new system of the set-valued mixed quasi-variational-like inclusions (SSMQVLI) involving H-η-monotone operators is studied in general Banach spaces without uniform smoothness. By using the resolvent operator technique of H-η-monotone operators, a new iterative algorithm for finding approximate solutions to SSMQVLI is proposed. It is shown that the iterative sequences generated by the algorithm converge strongly to the exact solution of SSMQVLI under appropriate assumptions. These obtained new results have extended and improved previous results.展开更多
Based on the theory of integration within s-ordering of operators and the bipartite entangled state representation we introduce s-parameterized Weyl-Wigner correspondence in the entangled form. Some of its application...Based on the theory of integration within s-ordering of operators and the bipartite entangled state representation we introduce s-parameterized Weyl-Wigner correspondence in the entangled form. Some of its applications in quantum optics theory are presented as well.展开更多
This paper is devoted to study the convergence of a new class of generalized system for variational inequalities.The results presented in this paper modify and improve the recent result announced by Chang.[S.S.Chang,H...This paper is devoted to study the convergence of a new class of generalized system for variational inequalities.The results presented in this paper modify and improve the recent result announced by Chang.[S.S.Chang,H.W.Joseph Lee,Generalzed system for relaxed cocoercive variational inequalities in Hilerbert space,doi:10.1016/j.aml.2006.04.017].展开更多
Objective To study the advantage of modified methods involving incision,repairation of the sella floor etc.in transsphenoidal approach for pituitury tumor removal.Methods The transsphenoidal approach with one endonasa...Objective To study the advantage of modified methods involving incision,repairation of the sella floor etc.in transsphenoidal approach for pituitury tumor removal.Methods The transsphenoidal approach with one endonasal incision of mucosa was performed for resecting pituitary tumor in 86 patients,of which total resection of the tumor in 67 cases and subtotal in 19 cases.Results There was no case with postoperative meningitis and rhinoseptal perforation.Tachocombs were used for repairation of the tumor resection cavection cavity and the sella floor,of which there was no case with postoperative CSF leakage happened.Conclusion These modified methods simplified operative procedurej Areduced damage and prevented postoperative complications of CSF leakage and rhinoseptal perforation etc.展开更多
This paper proposes a 12-bit,40-Ms/s pipelined analog-to-digital converter(ADC) with an improved high-gain and wide-bandwidth operational amplifier(opamp).Based on the architecture of the proposed ADC,the non-idea...This paper proposes a 12-bit,40-Ms/s pipelined analog-to-digital converter(ADC) with an improved high-gain and wide-bandwidth operational amplifier(opamp).Based on the architecture of the proposed ADC,the non-ideal factors of opamps are first analyzed,which have the significant impact on the ADC's resolution.Then,the compensation techniques of the ADC's opamp are presented to restrain the negative effect introduced by the gainboosting technique and switched-capacitor common-mode-feedback structure.After analysis and optimization,the ADC implemented in a 0.35μm standard CMOS process shows a maximum signal-to-noise distortion ratio of 60.5 dB and a spurious-free dynamic range of 74.5 dB,respectively,at a 40 MHz sample clock with over 2 Vpp input range.展开更多
The decay dynamic of an excited quantum emitter(QE)is one of the most important contents in quantum optics.It has been widely applied in the field of quantum computing and quantum state manipulation.When the electroma...The decay dynamic of an excited quantum emitter(QE)is one of the most important contents in quantum optics.It has been widely applied in the field of quantum computing and quantum state manipulation.When the electromagnetic environment is described by several pseudomodes,the effective Hamiltonian method based on the multi-mode Jaynes-Cummings model provides a clear physical picture and a simple and convenient way to solve the decay dynamics.However,in previous studies,only the resonant modes are taken into account,while the non-resonant contributions are ignored.In this work,we study the applicability and accuracy of the effective Hamiltonian method for the decay dynamics.We consider different coupling strengths between a two-level QE and a gold nanosphere.The results for dynamics by the resolvent operator technique are used as a reference.Numerical results show that the effective Hamiltonian method provides accurate results when the two-level QE is resonant with the plasmon.However,when the detuning is large,the effective Hamiltonian method is not accurate.In addition,the effective Hamiltonian method cannot be applied when there is a bound state between the QE and the plasmon.These results are of great significance to the study of the decay dynamics in micro-nano structures described by quasi-normal modes.展开更多
文摘In this paper we investigate the Gazeau–Klauder coherent states using a newly introduced diagonal ordering operation technique, in order to examine some of the properties of these coherent states. The results coincide with those obtained from other purely algebraic methods, but the calculations are greatly simplified. We apply the general theory to two cases of Gazeau–Klauder coherent states: pseudoharmonic as well as the Morse oscillators.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11775208)the Foundation for Young Talents at the College of Anhui Province,China(Grant Nos.gxyq2021210 and gxyq2019077)the Natural Science Foundation of the Anhui Higher Education Institutions of China(Grant Nos.KJ2020A0638 and 2022AH051586)。
文摘In our previous papers,the classical fractional Fourier transform theory was incorporated into the quantum theoretical system using the theoretical method of quantum optics,and the calculation produced quantum mechanical operators corresponding to the generation of fractional Fourier transform.The core function of the coordinate-momentum exchange operators in the addition law of fractional Fourier transform was analyzed too.In this paper,the bivariate operator Hermite polynomial theory and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP)are used to establish the entanglement fractional Fourier transform theory to the extent of quantum.A new function generating formula and an operator for generating quantum entangled fractional Fourier transform are obtained using the fractional Fourier transform relationship in a pair of conjugated entangled state representations.
文摘Heavily calcified coronary lesions continue to represent a challenge for percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),as they are difficult to dilate,and it is difficult to deliver and implant drug-eluting stents(DES)properly.Poor stent deployment is associated with high rates of periprocedural complications and suboptimal long-term clinical outcomes.[1]Thanks to the introduction of several adjunctive PCI tools,like cutting and scoring balloons,and to the novel intravascular lithotripsy technology,the treatment of such lesions has become increasingly feasible,predictable and safe.
文摘BACKGROUND : Experimental animal models of intracerebral hemorrhag (ICH) are greatly needed, so the process of establishment should be ideal in hematoma formation and easy to operate. OBJECTIVE : To construct model of ICH in rats with double injection of autologous blood taken from the cut tail cut and double withdrawal of the needle (shortened as two-step injection model), and compare with those induced by single and double injections. DESIGN : A randomized controlled tria SETTING: Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA. MATERIALS: Thirty male Wistar rats of 10 to 12 months, weighing (400±25) g, provided by the Experimental Center of Medical Animals, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, were divided randomly into 3 groups with 10 rats in each group: two-step injection group, single injection group, double injection group. METHODS : The experiment was carried out in the Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from March to June in 2004. Autologous blood ICH model in rats were established as follows: In the two-step injection group, 50 μL unclotted autologous blood was taken from the rat tail cut, then injected with microsyringe into the caudate nucleus, 10 μL injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, and then the rest 40 μL injected slowly and continuously within 2 minutes. After the injection, the needle was kept immovable for about 4 minutes, withdrawn 2.0 mm, again kept immovable for about 4 minute, and then removed wholly at a slow speed. In the single injection group, 50 μL unclotted tail blood was injected slowly and continuously all within 2 minutes and the needle was slowly removed;(4) In the double injection group, 10 mL blood was injected at first, paused for 2 minutes, the rest 40 μL injected evenly within 2 minutes, and then the needle was withdrawn slowly and uninterruptedly. Neurologic findings were scored in accordance with Longa's five-point scale (0-4 scores, the higher the score, the severer the neurological dysfunction). The rats were killed to remove and sections were prepared, the morphological features of hematomas were grossly observed, the maximal diameter and size of hematomas in each slice were measured with the imaging analytical system, and the volume was calculated. Meanwhile, the conveniences of the techniques were compared. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The morphological features and volume of hematomas, neurologic deficit score (NDS), and the convenience of the techniques were compared. RESULTS: All the 30 rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. (1) Results of the morphological observation of volume of hematoma: In the two-step injection group, hematomas located in the right caudate nucleus area regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice. The formation rate of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were lower than those in the two-step injection group [60% (6/10), 80% (8/10), 100% (10/10), P〈 0.01, 0.05]. The volume of hematomas in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than those in the two-step injection group [(28.5±14.8), (33.4±7.4), (41.6±3.9) mm3, P〈 0.01, 0.05]. (2) NDS results: The NDS scores in the single injection group and double injection group were smaller than that in the two-step injection group (0.90±0.83, 1.30±0.78, 1.90±0.57, P〈 0.05). (3)Comparison of the convenience of the techniques: The double injection method allowed generating reproducible hematomas in rats with shortcomings that it needed autologous arterial blood from femoral artery, and precision instruments such as microinfusion pump. The two-step injection injected fresh unclotting blood taken directly from the tail cut with microsyringe into the rat brain, and it has the advantages of easy operation, no influence on the activity of thrombase, shorter duration for model establishment, and higher rate of hematoma formation, which could generate ideal and economical models of ICH. The two-step injection induced hemotoma regularly in circular or analogously circular shape in each slice, but those induced by single and double injections were mostly in strip or fusiform shapes and extending along the needle tracks or into the ventricle or subarachnoid space. CONCLUSION : The autologous blood ICH model induced by the two-step injection method is a reproducible and reliable one in regular shape, which is better than those induced by double and single injections.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China under Grant Nos 11475089,11675119 and 11575125
文摘The Jaynes-Cummings model is solved with the raising and lowering(shift) operators using the matrix-diagonalizing technique. Bell nonlocality is also found to be present ubiquitously in the excitation states of the model.
文摘BACKGROUND Based on the location and size of the fracture block,open reduction and internal fixation can be employed or assisted for shoulder arthroscopy in the treatment of glenoid fractures.However,the treatment of lower part of glenoid fractures through a novel axillary approach has not been reported so far.CASE SUMMARY A 22-year-old right-handed man was transferred to our outpatient clinic because of right shoulder injury during a traffic accident.X-ray examination after admission suggested the fracture of the lower part of the right glenoid and an ipiselial proximal humeral fracture.Three-dimensional(3D)computed tomography(CT)further suggested that the size of the fracture block of the lower part of the right glenoid was 3.4 mm×16.2 mm.The patient was diagnosed as the fracture of the lower part of the glenoid,also known as bony Bankart lesion without shoulder dislocation.After general anesthesia,the patient was surgically treated with the open reduction internal fixation through a novel axillary approach.3D CT and shoulder joint function were reexamined at 12 mo of followup,showing acceptable recovery.CONCLUSION This case report describes a novel axillary approach adopted in an open reduction with cannulated screw and wire anchor internal fixation.After a follow-up for more than 12 mo,3D CT and shoulder joint function examinations display a good recovery.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China (Grant No. 09JJ6011)the Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Hunan Province of China (Grant Nos. 06C652 and 07C528)
文摘We present a non-Markovian master equation for a qubit interacting with a general reservoir, which is derived according to the Nakajima-Zwanzig and the time convolutionless projection operator technique. The non-Markovian solutions and Markovian solution of dynamical decay of a qubit are compared. The results indicate the validity of non-Markovian approach in different coupling regimes and also show that the Markovian master equation may not precisely describe the dynamics of an open quantum system in some situation. The non-Markovian solutions may be effective for many qubits independently interacting with the heated reservoirs.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11264018 and 60978009)the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91121023)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Project of China (Grant No. 2011CBA00200)the Young Talents Foundation of Jiangxi Normal University,China
文摘For the first time,we derive the compact forms of normalization factors for photon-added(-subtracted) two-mode squeezed thermal states by using the P-representation and the integration within an ordered product of operators(IWOP) technique.It is found that these two factors are related to the Jacobi polynomials.In addition,some new relationships for Jacobi polynomials are presented.
文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI)can permanently impair motor and sensory function and has a devastating cost to patients and the United States healthcare system.Stem cell transplantation for treatment of SCI is a new technique aimed at creating biological functional recovery.Operative techniques in stem cell transplantation for SCI are varied.We review various clinical treatment paradigms,surgical techniques and technical considerations important in SCI treatment.The NCBI PubMed database was queried for“SCI”and“stem cell”with a filter placed for“clinical trials”.Thirty-nine articles resulted from the search and 29 were included and evaluated by study authors.A total of 10 articles were excluded(9 not SCI focused or transplantation focused,1 canine model).Key considerations for stem cell transplantation include method of delivery(intravenous,intrathecal,intramedullary,or excision and engraftment),time course of treatment,number of treatments and time from injury until treatment.There are no phase III clinical trials yet,but decreased time from injury to treatment and a greater number of stem cell injections both seem to increase the chance of functional recovery.
基金funded by the National Sciences Foundation of China(Grant No.91337103)the China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(Grant No.GYHY201406001)
文摘This study concerns a Ka-band solid-state transmitter cloud radar, made in China, which can operate in three different work modes, with different pulse widths, and coherent and incoherent integration numbers, to meet the requirements for cloud remote sensing over the Tibetan Plateau. Specifically, the design of the three operational modes of the radar(i.e., boundary mode M1, cirrus mode M2, and precipitation mode M3) is introduced. Also, a cloud radar data merging algorithm for the three modes is proposed. Using one month's continuous measurements during summertime at Naqu on the Tibetan Plateau,we analyzed the consistency between the cloud radar measurements of the three modes. The number of occurrences of radar detections of hydrometeors and the percentage contributions of the different modes' data to the merged data were estimated.The performance of the merging algorithm was evaluated. The results indicated that the minimum detectable reflectivity for each mode was consistent with theoretical results. Merged data provided measurements with a minimum reflectivity of -35 dBZ at the height of 5 km, and obtained information above the height of 0.2 km. Measurements of radial velocity by the three operational modes agreed very well, and systematic errors in measurements of reflectivity were less than 2 dB. However,large discrepancies existed in the measurements of the linear depolarization ratio taken from the different operational modes.The percentage of radar detections of hydrometeors in mid- and high-level clouds increased by 60% through application of pulse compression techniques. In conclusion, the merged data are appropriate for cloud and precipitation studies over the Tibetan Plateau.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10775097 and 10874174)
文摘By introducing the s-parameterized generalized Wigner operator into phase-space quantum mechanics we invent the technique of integration within s-ordered product of operators (which considers normally ordered, antinormally ordered and Weyl ordered product of operators as its special cases). The s-ordered operator expansion (denoted by s…s ) formula of density operators is derived, which isρ=2/1-s∫d^2β/π〈-β|ρ|β〉sexp{2/s-1(s|β|^2-β*α+βa-αα)}s The s-parameterized quantization scheme is thus completely established.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grnat No.11175113)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.WK2060140013)
文摘We derive some new generating function formulae of the two-variable Hermite polynomials, such as ∞∑n=0tm/m!Hn,2m(x),∞∑n=0sntm/n!m!H2n,2m(x,y),and ∞∑n=0sntm/n!m!H2n+l,2m+k(x,y).We employ the operator Hermite polynomial method and the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators to solve these problems, which will be useful in constructing new optical field states.
基金Project supported by the Specialized Research Fund for Doctoral Program of High Education of Chinathe National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10874174 and 10947017/A05)
文摘We newly construct two mutually-conjugate tripartite entangled state representations, based on which we propose the formulation of three-mode entangled fractional Fourier transformation (EFFT) and derive the transformation kernel. The EFFT's additivity property is proved and the eigenmode of EFFT is derived. As an application, we calculate the EFFT of the three-mode squeezed vacuum state.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Education Department of Sichuan Province ofChina (No. 07ZA092)the Sichuan Province Leading Academic Discipline Project (No. SZD0406)
文摘A new system of the set-valued mixed quasi-variational-like inclusions (SSMQVLI) involving H-η-monotone operators is studied in general Banach spaces without uniform smoothness. By using the resolvent operator technique of H-η-monotone operators, a new iterative algorithm for finding approximate solutions to SSMQVLI is proposed. It is shown that the iterative sequences generated by the algorithm converge strongly to the exact solution of SSMQVLI under appropriate assumptions. These obtained new results have extended and improved previous results.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.10775097 and 10874174)the President Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Based on the theory of integration within s-ordering of operators and the bipartite entangled state representation we introduce s-parameterized Weyl-Wigner correspondence in the entangled form. Some of its applications in quantum optics theory are presented as well.
基金This research is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(10871226)
文摘This paper is devoted to study the convergence of a new class of generalized system for variational inequalities.The results presented in this paper modify and improve the recent result announced by Chang.[S.S.Chang,H.W.Joseph Lee,Generalzed system for relaxed cocoercive variational inequalities in Hilerbert space,doi:10.1016/j.aml.2006.04.017].
文摘Objective To study the advantage of modified methods involving incision,repairation of the sella floor etc.in transsphenoidal approach for pituitury tumor removal.Methods The transsphenoidal approach with one endonasal incision of mucosa was performed for resecting pituitary tumor in 86 patients,of which total resection of the tumor in 67 cases and subtotal in 19 cases.Results There was no case with postoperative meningitis and rhinoseptal perforation.Tachocombs were used for repairation of the tumor resection cavection cavity and the sella floor,of which there was no case with postoperative CSF leakage happened.Conclusion These modified methods simplified operative procedurej Areduced damage and prevented postoperative complications of CSF leakage and rhinoseptal perforation etc.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61106025)
文摘This paper proposes a 12-bit,40-Ms/s pipelined analog-to-digital converter(ADC) with an improved high-gain and wide-bandwidth operational amplifier(opamp).Based on the architecture of the proposed ADC,the non-ideal factors of opamps are first analyzed,which have the significant impact on the ADC's resolution.Then,the compensation techniques of the ADC's opamp are presented to restrain the negative effect introduced by the gainboosting technique and switched-capacitor common-mode-feedback structure.After analysis and optimization,the ADC implemented in a 0.35μm standard CMOS process shows a maximum signal-to-noise distortion ratio of 60.5 dB and a spurious-free dynamic range of 74.5 dB,respectively,at a 40 MHz sample clock with over 2 Vpp input range.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11964010,11564013 and 11464014)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2020JJ4495)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(22A0377 and 21A0333)the Jishou University Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate(Jdy20038)。
文摘The decay dynamic of an excited quantum emitter(QE)is one of the most important contents in quantum optics.It has been widely applied in the field of quantum computing and quantum state manipulation.When the electromagnetic environment is described by several pseudomodes,the effective Hamiltonian method based on the multi-mode Jaynes-Cummings model provides a clear physical picture and a simple and convenient way to solve the decay dynamics.However,in previous studies,only the resonant modes are taken into account,while the non-resonant contributions are ignored.In this work,we study the applicability and accuracy of the effective Hamiltonian method for the decay dynamics.We consider different coupling strengths between a two-level QE and a gold nanosphere.The results for dynamics by the resolvent operator technique are used as a reference.Numerical results show that the effective Hamiltonian method provides accurate results when the two-level QE is resonant with the plasmon.However,when the detuning is large,the effective Hamiltonian method is not accurate.In addition,the effective Hamiltonian method cannot be applied when there is a bound state between the QE and the plasmon.These results are of great significance to the study of the decay dynamics in micro-nano structures described by quasi-normal modes.