Drug Sensitive Test on Main Pathogenic Bacteria of Cow Recessiveness Mastitis Using Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparation “Zengrujianniusan”

According to the theory of Chinese veterinary medicine and characteristics of Chinese herbal medicine, four different preparations of compound Chinese medicine ＂Zengrujianniusan＂ were composed, and the prepared water decoction was used to carry on the bacteriostatic test on main pathogens of cow recessiveness mastitis. The results showed that the four different prescriptions of water decoction all had antibacterial effects. The prescription 3 was sensitive to Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae, while the other three prescriptions showed high sensitivity, and the prescription 3 had the strongest bacteriostatic effects.

Study on the functional liquid of Chinese traditional medicine in anti-anoxic effect

A kind of functional liquid was extracted from compound Chinese traditional medicine over 20 different varieties such as ginseng, danggui and so on. The anti-anoxic effects were observed by the ways of oxygen lack in normal atmosphere of mice, decapitation and erythrocyte count and hemoglobin in the mice. Experiments done in this study included observing the best dose and the best time of appearing anti-anoxic effects in mice. Results were found that the functional liquid could prolong not only the survival time and the brain survival time of the mouse, but also increasing the number of erythrocytes (RBC) and the content of hemoglobin (Hb); and the functional liquid has markedly protecting cardio-cerebral function; If the dosage of the functional liquid control on the 0.3ml/day for each mouse, the best effects should appear after four hour. And the functional liquid had no obvious effect on the weight of the mice within thirty days.

Clinical research progress of oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of dry eyes

Dry eye is a common and frequently occurring ophthalmology disease with complex etiology and easy recurrence.Oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristicsof high curative effect and little toxic and side effect in the treatment of dry eye.This paper collates the domestic reported clinical studies on the oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of dry eye,which are discussed from four aspects:special prescription for specific disease,addition and subtraction of main prescription,treatment based on syndrome differentiation and proprietary Chinese medicine.The curative effect and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of dry eye are demonstrated,providing a reference for the treatment of dry eye in the future.

Screening and Efficacy Observation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Against Chicken Pathogenic Escherichia coli

[ Objective] The aim of this study was to lay a foundation for obtaining effective traditional Chinese medicine preparations controlling chicken colibacillosis. [ Method] With the western medicine Lomeflbxacin Hydrochloride and Sodium Chloride Injection as the control, drug sensitivity tests of 15 single traditional Chinese herbs and seven self-made Chinese herbal compounds were conducted. Subsequently, the single traditional Chinese herbs presenting good in vitro antibacterial effects against Escherichia coli and all the seven compounds were given to the chicks artificially infected with E. coil to observe their efficacies. [ Result] The results of drug sensitivity tests showed that all the 15 traditional Chinese herbs had certain antibacterial effect against E. coli, among which aloe, pomegranate rind and radix sanguisorbae were the best. Compound 1, 2 and 5 had good antibacterial effects in vitro. By in vivo test, traditional Chinese medicines showed superior efficacies on infected chicks than western medicine, and compound 1 and 2 performed well. [ConclusiOn] Traditional Chinese medicine preparations are good at controlling Chicken colibacillosis, but their bacteriostasis mechanism in vivo was different with that in vitro.

Discussion on the Quality Evaluation Method of Traditional Chinese Medicine Compound Preparations

As an important representative of the modernization of the Chinese medicine industry,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)compound preparations are an indispensable part of the development of TCM.The complex ingredients and unclear action mechanism of TCM compound preparations restrict the development of TCM.In line with this problem,the modern TCM research has made extensive remarkable achievements.From the single indicator in the past to multiple indicator,the research on the combination of TCM fingerprints and pharmacodynamics also has made great progress.The introduction of quality evaluation methods such as the"quantitative analysis of multi-components by a single marker","dose-effect"indicator,"Bioactive Equivalent Combinatorial Components"(BECCs)and TCM quality markers have brought new ideas for quality control of TCM compound preparations.

Study on the Flow Injection Micro-Column Pre-Separation System Coupled With High Performance Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Ecdysterone in Traditional Chinese Medicine

A flow injection (FI) micro-column system coupled with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was proposed for the pre-separation and determination of active organic component (ecdysterone) in traditional Chinese medicine, Loulu. The factors influencing separation performance were investigated and optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the contents of ecdysterone in Loulu were determined by HPLC system using MeOH-H_2O (40: 60,V/V) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1. 0 mL/min. The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0. 5~ 100 mg/L of ecdysterone concentrations. The detection limit of the analyte was 0. 11mol/L(3) with a precision of 0. 38% RSD (n=7 f c= 10. 0 mg/L). The average recovery of the method was 98. 7%. The proposed method has been applied to determine ecdysterone in practical samples, and the determined values by both external standard method and standard addition method were in good agreement. Compared to the traditional solid extraction method, the system proposed has the advantages of simple procedure, good reproducibility, minimum volume requirement, reduction of matrix interference and low contamination risk.

Application and Practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine Characteristic Technology Inheritance in Research and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine Preparations in Medical Institutions

Medical institution preparations play an important role in the development of hospitals,being one of the main forms of traditional Chinese medicine clinical characteristic medication,as well as an important carrier for the inheritance and innovation of traditional Chinese medicine.In recent years,the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine preparations has become a hot spot in the research and development of preparations by medical institutions.Traditional Chinese medicine preparations prepared by traditional processes and their entrusted preparation matters have changed from the current licensing management to filing management.The registration model of traditional Chinese medicine preparations has undergone significant changes,emphasizing more on real data and evaluation results from the objective world,respecting traditional medication experience,and emphasizing the inheritance and innovative development of traditional technological experience.In the process of following teachers in the inheritance project of traditional Chinese medicine,we combined the inheritance of traditional Chinese medicine characteristic technology with the research and development practice of traditional Chinese medicine preparations in medical institutions,and focused on the analysis and discussion of technical problems such as prescription screening,dosage form selection,process route design and clinical observation of traditional Chinese medicine preparations,hoping to provide reference for scholars in the same field of traditional Chinese medicine.

Therapeutic Effect of Oral Administration and External Therapy of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Cervical Tuberculous Lymphadenopathy

Objective:To analyze the clinical effect and value of oral administration and external therapy of traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy.Methods:A total of 56 patients with cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy admitted to our hospital from January 1 to January 2018 were recruited.By using double-blind method,the patients were divided into control group(n=28)and experimental group(n=28).Control group comprised of patients with conventional anti-tuberculosis treatment,while the experimental group comprised of patients treated with oral administration and external therapy of traditional Chinese medicine.Total effective rate,incidence of complication and level of T lymphocyte subsets were compared between the two groups of cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy patients.Results:Post-treatment data of total effective rate,complication rate,CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+of the experimental group were compared with the control group.P<0.05;statistical analysis showed statistical significance.Post-treatment data of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+of both control and experimental groups were compared with pre-treatment data.P<0.05;statistical analysis showed statistical significance.Conclusion:Oral administration and external therapy of traditional Chinese medicine possesses significant effect in treatment of cervical tuberculous lymphadenopathy.

Comparative efficacy and safety of Chinese patent medicines of iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy:A network meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia(IDA)is a prevalent nutritional disorder during pregnancy.Clinical studies indicate that incorporating Chinese patent medicines(CPMs)with oral iron(OI)in treating IDA in pregnancy can reduce adverse effects and improve clinical outcomes.Nonetheless,the comparative efficacy of different CPMs remains unclear.AIM To assess the safety and effectiveness of different CPMs for treating IDA during pregnancy using network meta-analysis.METHODS We conducted a search for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)that combined CPM and OI for IDA treatment in pregnancy,spanning from 2013 to the present.Data analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.3 and Stata 14.0 on literature that satisfied the quality criteria.RESULTS The analysis included 45 RCTs,encompassing 4422 pregnant patients with IDA.Six CPMs were examined,including Shengxuebao Mixture,Shengxuening Tablets(SXN),Yiqi Weixue CPMs(YQWX),Jianpi Shengxue CPMs(JPSX),Yiqi Buxue Tablets,and Compound Hongyi Buxue Oral Liquid(FFHY).Findings indicated that FFHY+OI significantly improved the clinical effective rate.SXN+OI was most effective in boosting red blood cells counts and hemoglobin levels.YQWX+OI showed superior results in improving serum ferritin,and SXN+OI was most effective in increasing serum iron levels.JPSX+OI was optimal in reducing adverse pregnancy outcomes,while YQBX+OI effectively minimized adverse events.A cluster analysis suggested that SXN+OI could be the potentially optimal therapeutic regimen for IDA in pregnancy.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the combination of OI with CPMs offers better outcomes than OI alone.Based on clinical efficacy and other measured outcomes,SXN+OI emerges as the most effective treatment modality for improving the health of pregnant patients with IDA.

Screening potential mitochondria-targeting compounds from traditional Chinese medicines using a mitochondria-based centrifugal ultrafiltration/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method

Mitochondria regulate numerous crucial cell processes, including energy production, apoptotic cell death, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Here, we applied an efficient mitochondria-based centrifugal ultrafiltration/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry（LC/MS） method,also known as screening method for mitochondria-targeted bioactive constituents（SM-MBC）. This method allowed searching natural mitochondria-targeting compounds from traditional Chinese medicines（TCMs）, including Puerariae Radix（PR） and Chuanxiong Radix（CR）. A total of 23 active compounds were successfully discovered from the two TCMs extracts. Among these 23 hit compounds, 17 were identified by LC/MS, 12 of which were novel mitochondria-targeting compounds. Among these, 6 active compounds were analyzed in vitro for pharmacological tests and found able to affect mitochondrial functions. We also investigated the effects of the hit compounds on Hep G2 cell proliferation and on loss of cardiomyocyte viability induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. The results obtained are useful for in-depth understanding of mechanisms underlying TCMs therapeutic effects at mitochondria level and for developing novel potential drugs using TCMs as lead compounds. Finally, we showed that SM-MBC was an efficient protocol for the rapid screening of mitochondria-targeting constituents from complex samples such as PR and CR extracts.

Varieties of Chinese Traditional Medicines Protected by the State (Part One)

Approved by the Ministry of Public Health,the following Medicines,producedby the named enterprises,are listed as varieties of Chinese traditionalmedicines that are protected by the state.

Efficacy and safety of Shen Zhi Ling oral liquid(a Chinese patent)for Alzheimer's disease:A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shen Zhi Ling oral liquid(SZL)alone or combined with basic treatment in treating Alzheimer's Disease(AD).Methods:Databases including PubMed,the Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Database and the Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP)were searched from inception to September 20,2020 to collect relevant randomized controlled trials(RCTs)comparing SZL with other nootropic drugs for AD.The primary clinical outcomes were scores of the Mini Mental State Examination(MMSE)and the Activities of Daily Living(ADL)during treatment.The secondary outcomes of our study included other neuropsychological scale scores including Rapid Verbal Retrieve(RVR),Digit Span(DS),Fuld Object-Memory Evaluation(FOM)and adverse events or reactions.Two authors searched and screened the literature independently,then extracted the data and evaluated the methodological quality by using the handbook of Cochrane Collaboration,and analyzed the data via the Review Manager 5.3 software.Results:In total,we included four studies,covering 217 participants.All studies were in a low methodological quality.The result of MMSE score,ADL score,RVR score,DS score and FOM score in the meta-analysis showed that no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)between the treatment groups and control groups,and the statistical heterogeneity of all meta-analyses was small(I2<50%).SZL was indicated no better than other nootropic drugs.Among the included studies,no study described adverse events.Conclusions:Considering the low quality of the included trials and the different levels of AD patients,we are unable to come to any conclusion about the efficacy and safety of SZL compared with other nootropic drugs.Moreover,we still need rigorously designed,multi-center,large-scale trials to further confirm the efficacy and safety of SZL.

Application of LC-MS based glutathione-trapped reactive metabolites in the discovery of toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine

We summarized the discovery of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry （LC-MS） based glutathione （GSH） capture of reactive metabolites in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, which provides scientific basis for further research and clinical application of Chinese medicine toxicity discovery. This dissertation overviews relevant literatures of GSH capture of reactive metabolites in recent years. And then we review the principles and methods of LC-MS based GSH capture of reactive metabolites, as well as the research progress in the discovery of toxicity of TCM including pyrrolizidine alkaloids, furans and quinoid species. The review shows that the representative compounds of TCM includes adonifoline, lasiocarpine, diosbulbin B and safrol are well dctected by LC-MS based GSH capture technique. And the main analytic systems of LC-MS are triple quadrupole and Q-Trap mass spectrometer. Constant neutral loss scan （CNLS）, precursor ion scan （PIS） and multiple reaction monitor （MRM） are main detection methods to monitor the characteristic GSH conjugate fragmentations. The approach of LC-MS based GSH-trapped metabolites has a good application prospect in the discovery of toxic components of TCM.

A meta-analysis of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine alone in the treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease

Background:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux.Methods:PubMed,The Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Database,China Science and Technology Journal Database and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database were searched for randomized controlled trials of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux from database establishment time to December 2020.After two researchers independently screened the literature,extracted data and evaluated the bias risk included in the study,RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.Results:A total of 12 randomized controlled trials,were included,including 893 patients.The results of meta-analysis showed that the total effective rate of the treatment group(relative risk=1.28,95%confidence interval(CI)(1.19,1.38),P<0.00001),RGERDQ(refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease)score(mean difference(MD)=−3.35,95%CI(−4.13,−2.57),P<0.00001],acid reflux(acid in the stomach comes out of the mouth)[MD=−0.30,95%CI(−0.45,−0.15),P<0.00001],heartburn(the feeling that the heart is burned)(MD=−0.44,95%CI(−0.60,−0.29),P<0.00001,and retrosternal pain(MD=−0.27,95%CI(−0.44,−0.10),P<0.00001,belching(MD=−0.40,95%CI(−0.57,−0.24),P<0.00001],endoscopic mucosal score(MD=−0.62,95%CI(−0.78,−0.46),P<0.00001],the differences were statistically significant,and the effective rate of mucosal improvement under endoscopy was P=0.93>0.05,with no statistically significant difference.Conclusion:The current evidence shows that traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease is better than that of western medicine in the total effective rate,relieving acid reflux,heartburn,retrosternal pain and belching symptoms,but it is impossible to judge the improvement of mucosa under endoscope.Due to the limitations of the quality and quantity of included studies,more high-quality studies are needed to confirm the above conclusions.

Deeper Chemical Perceptions for Better Traditional Chinese Medicine Standards

Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), a complex system of natural resources with many diverse components, are widely used as approved medicinal agents in China. Quality control of TCMs is a huge challenge for the government and for testing institutes and is associated with numerous scientific issues. Among these considerations include the following questions: How many components are in TCMs? How can the multiple components in TCMs be comprehensively delineated and subsequently characterized? What is the level and range of these (active) metabolites within these multiple-component TCMs, in order to recommend standards? and What are the qualities required for a marker constituent to be selected, and from a practical perspective, how can these components be assessed with low cost and in a short time? All of these factors require significant and deep thinking in order to understand the individualistic chemistry of TCM in order to develop enhanced TCM quality standards for improved and consistent patient care. In this review, the latest exploratory research in TCM chemistry analytical techniques and methods is summarized in order to begin to develop responses to these scientific issues. Advances in these methods have included multidimensional separation for liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS), smart triggering data-dependent acquisition of LC–HRMS, target analysis with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS), supercritical fluid chromatography, and data mining of large mass spectrometry (MS) datasets. In addition, two quality strategies have been introduced in order to save reference standards and the analysis time for a TCM quality standard, including the application of the single standard to determine multi-components (SSDMC) and monomethodheterotrait matrix methods. Finally, a series of future improvements for analytical methods for TCMs are proposed.

Overview on metabolomics in traditional Chinese medicine

Metabolomics has been widely used in the modern research of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. At the same time, the world is increasingly concerned about TCM, and many studies have been conducted to investigate different aspects of TCM. Among these studies, metabolomic approach has been implemented to facilitate TCM development. The current methods for TCM research are diverse, including nuclear magnetic resonance, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatographymass spectrometry. Using these techniques, some advantageous results have been obtained in the studies of TCM, such as diagnosis and treatment, quality control, and mechanisms of action. It is believed that the further development of metabo-lomic analytical techniques is benefcial to the modernization of TCM. This review summarizes potential applications of metabolomics in the area of TCM. Guidelines for good practice for the application of metabolomics in TCM research are also proposed, and the special role of metabolomics in TCM is highlighted.

Prescription and treatment rules for the prescriptions containing Poria cocos and Atractylodes macrocephala couplet medicine based on traditional Chinese Medicine inheritance support platform

Objectives:To provide a theoretical basis for the development of the new products of Poria cocos-Atractylodes macrocephala couplet medicine.Methods:All prescription preparations containing Poria cocos and Atractylodes macrocephala were collected from the Drug Standards of the Ministry of Public Health Drug Standard·Traditional Chinese Medicine Set Prescription Preparation(called Traditional Chinese Medicine Set Prescription Preparation for short).After standardization,the information of each prescription preparation was input into the Chinese Traditional Medicine Inheritance Support Platform(V2.5),and the relevant rules of the software were adopted.Data mining methods were used to analyze the frequency of drugs,main symptoms and diseases in prescriptions,and to analyze the regularity of prescriptions.The prescription rules of top 2 high frequency attending syndromes and diseases were analyzed.Results:There were total of 337 prescription preparations containing couplet medicine of Poria cocos and Atractylodes macrocephala,107 kinds of main symptoms and 66 kinds of diseases.The high frequency syndromes were deficiency of Qi and blood and weakness of spleen and stomach,and the high frequency syndromes were anorexia and irregular menstruation.Conclusion:The couplet medicine of Poria cocos-atractylodes macrocephala prescription is mainly used to treat digestive tract diseases and gynecological diseases;it mostly takes tonifying deficiency efficat.It can treat different diseases being compatible with different medicinal materials.The study can provide theoretical basis for clinical application and new drug development of the couplet medicine of Poria cocos-atractylodes macrocephala.

Research of Quality Standards for Stachydrine Hydrochloride in Chinese Medicine TJF Granule

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was applied to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride concentration in TJF granule (Chinese name: Tiao-Jing-Fang), using a mobile phase of methanol-acetonitrile (50:50, v/v) by the Agilent Kromasi NH2 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm, S/N: 22N25110). Detection wavelength was 201 nm. The result revealed good linearity of stachydrine hydrochloride and was obtained within the range of 0.20 - 1.98 μg/mL (R = 0.9995). The average recovery was 97.01%;the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.19%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report dedicated to the determination of stachydrine hydrochloride by the evaporative light scattering detector-high-performance liquid chromatographic (ELSD-HPLC) method.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid(血府逐瘀口服液)in the Treatment of Migraine

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid(血府逐瘀口服液)in the treatment of migraine.Methods:All randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on the treatment of migraine with Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid were screened out by systematically searching Cochrane Library,Pub Med,Embase,Web of Science,VIP,Wanfang,CNKI and CBM database from database establishment to March 2023.Literature screening was conducted strictly according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and the quality of the finally included RCTs was evaluated according to the Cochrane Handbook.All data analyses were completed using Rev Man 5.4 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration.Results:A total of 8 RCTs involving 706 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid alone(RR=1.22,95%CI[1.11,1.33],P<0.0001)or combined with conventional treatment(RR=1.19,95%CI[1.11,1.28],P<0.0001)was superior to conventional treatment alone in improving the severity of headache attacks and reducing recurrence.Three studies mentioned mild adverse reactions in individual patients during the treatment process,such as transient diarrhea,lethargy,etc.,which were not directly related to Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid.Conclusion:Based on the existing data and meta-analysis results,Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid alone or combined with conventional treatment can improve the total effective rate of migraine treatment,alleviate headache symptoms,reduce recurrence and adverse events.In the future,large-scale and high-quality original studies are needed to further verify the efficacy and safety of Xuefu Zhuyu Oral Liquid in the treatment of migraine,and provide a reference for the clinical medication of migraine.

Evaluation of Antitumor,Immunomodulatory and Free Radical Scavenging Effects of A New Herbal Prescription Seaweed Complex Preparation

Seaweed Complex Preparation （SCP） is a clinical traditional Chinese medicine preparation which is composed of seven traditional Chinese herbs, and it has been used for treatment of lung cancer, liver cancer and digestive cancer. However, little infor- mation is available about the pharmacodynamic basis. The antitumor, immunomodulatory and free radical scavenging effects of SCP were evaluated in this study. Transplanted tumor in vivo method was used to determine the antitumor effect. The effects on spleno- cyte proliferation and phagocytosis of macrophages in tumor-bearing mice were measured by the MTT method and the phagocytizing cock red blood cell （CRBC） method respectively. The scavenging activities of SCP on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals in vitro were investigated. It was found that the medium-dose and high-dose of SCP could significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted hepatic tumor of murine hepatocarcinoma cell line H22, and promote proliferation of splenocytes and phagocytosis of macrophages. SCP possessed noticeable scavenging activities on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. The antiturnor effects of SCP might be achieved by im- proving immune system and scavenging free radicals, which is in accordance with the viewpoint of traditional Chinese medicine in promoting the body resistance and eliminating pathogenic factors for cancer treatment.