The mucosal immune system defends against a vast array of pathogens, yet it exhibits limited responses to commensal microorganisms under healthy conditions. The oral-pharyngeal cavity, the gateway for both the gastroi...The mucosal immune system defends against a vast array of pathogens, yet it exhibits limited responses to commensal microorganisms under healthy conditions. The oral-pharyngeal cavity, the gateway for both the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, is composed of complex anatomical structures and is constantly challenged by antigens from air and food. The mucosal immune system of the oral-pharyngeal cavity must prevent pathogen entry while maintaining immune homeostasis, which is achieved via a range of mechanisms that are similar or different to those utilized by the gastrointestinal immune system. In this review, we summarize the features of the mucosal immune system,focusing on T cell subsets and their functions. We also discuss our current understanding of the oral-pharyngeal mucosal immune system.展开更多
By means of the enzyme linked affinity histothemical method, 45 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the oral mucosa and 15 cases of the approximately normal oral mucosal tissue were detected for estrogen receptor...By means of the enzyme linked affinity histothemical method, 45 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the oral mucosa and 15 cases of the approximately normal oral mucosal tissue were detected for estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor(PR). The results indicated that In the SCC tissue of the oral mucosa there were 5 cases of ER+ and PR- and 32 cases of both ER+ and PR+. Thirty-seven cases, the summation of the above two items, were considered as receptor(+),therefore the rate of the receptor(+) being 82.22%. ER+ and PR+ were cd related to the sex and age of patients, the neck lymph nodes' metastasizing or not and affected parts of the tumor, while they were related to the differentiation degree of the tumor. The rate of receptor(+) decreased with the decrease of the differentiation degree of the tumor. By X2 test a remarkable difference between grade Ⅰand grade Ⅲ of SCC of the oral mucosa was shown. It is suggested that SCC of the oral mucosa may probobly be hormone dependent tumor. The authors consider that the SCC detection for ER and PR could not only be one of the indices of biologic characteristics for that tumor but also as bases of anti-hormone treatment.展开更多
背景:前期研究中三维细胞重建组织工程化口腔黏膜等效物结构类似于正常口腔黏膜,即存在类上皮样结构、类固有层样结构、类血管腔样结构,并已初步实现了等效物的血管化建立,但其血管化特征尚不十分明确。目的:采用血管内皮细胞特异性标...背景:前期研究中三维细胞重建组织工程化口腔黏膜等效物结构类似于正常口腔黏膜,即存在类上皮样结构、类固有层样结构、类血管腔样结构,并已初步实现了等效物的血管化建立,但其血管化特征尚不十分明确。目的:采用血管内皮细胞特异性标志物表达谱关联激光捕获显微切割系统靶向获取血管化口腔黏膜等效物的血管样结构,评价其成血管能力,揭示其血管化特征。方法:分别从人牙龈上皮组织和固有层组织原代培养人牙龈上皮细胞、人牙龈成纤维细胞、人牙龈间充质干细胞,人牙龈间充质干细胞经单克隆扩增培养后诱导分化形成血管内皮样细胞。将人牙龈上皮细胞、人牙龈成纤维细胞、血管内皮样细胞分层负载于脱细胞血管基质-0.25%类人Ⅰ型胶原支架上,构建血管化口腔黏膜等效物。将血管化口腔黏膜等效物(实验组)与脱细胞血管基质-0.25%类人Ⅰ型胶原支架(对照组)分别植入裸鼠背部皮下,14 d后两组切口表面涂布生物胶,实验组生物胶表面接种人牙龈上皮细胞,对照组不接种细胞,继续饲养14 d后取材,利用形态学观察口腔黏膜等效物分层结构;采用较为全面的血管内皮细胞特异性标志物表达谱对口腔黏膜等效物中的新生血管样结构进行免疫组化、免疫荧光标记,进行血管化特征分析;采用激光捕获显微切割系统靶向捕获免疫组化特异性标记的口腔黏膜等效物中新生血管样结构,靶向分析其血管化特征。结果与结论:(1)形态学观察显示口腔黏膜等效物细胞层次清晰,结构类似于正常口腔黏膜,即存在类上皮样结构、类固有层样结构、类血管腔样结构,类血管腔样结构内存在散在红细胞;(2)口腔黏膜等效物组中EdU Apollo示踪种子细胞结果显示:EdU Apollo 488标记的人牙龈上皮细胞呈绿色荧光表达;DAPI标记的人牙龈成纤维细胞呈蓝色荧光表达,体内形成类固有层样结构;Ed U Apollo 567标记的血管内皮样细胞呈红色荧光表达,体内形成类血管样结构;(3)血管内皮细胞特异性标志物表达谱免疫荧光标记血管结构显示,与正常口腔黏膜相比,口腔黏膜等效物中CD31、CD51、CD54、CD105、Tie-2、VWF、血管内皮生长因子受体1、血管内皮生长因子受体2表达升高(P<0.0001),CD34表达无明显变化(P>0.05);(4)与特异性标记的口腔黏膜血管结构相比,激光捕获显微切割系统靶向捕获的口腔黏膜等效物血管样结构中CD51、CD54、CD105、Tie-2、VWF、血管内皮生长因子受体1、血管内皮生长因子受体2表达升高(P<0.0001),CD31、CD34表达无明显变化(P>0.05);(5)结果表明,通过三维细胞分层重建的口腔黏膜等效物能够实现良好的血管化,其血管化特征符合新生血管生成的免疫学功能及特点;血管化助力三维细胞分层重建的口腔黏膜等效物再生。展开更多
Regenerative muscles are required for swallowing and mastication, and are important for functional recovery from diseases involving oral muscular defects. Therefore, we generated three-layer hybrid sheets, similar to ...Regenerative muscles are required for swallowing and mastication, and are important for functional recovery from diseases involving oral muscular defects. Therefore, we generated three-layer hybrid sheets, similar to oral mucosal structures containing submucosal muscles, using rabbit oral mucosa epithelial, mesenchymal, and myoblastic progenitor cells, and examined the structural proteins. Each cell type was obtained from rabbit oral mucosa using enzymatic digestion. Isolated mesenchymal and myoblastic cells were multi-differentiated into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes or myotubes. Isolated epithelial cells were cultured on collagen gels containing isolated mesenchymal cells for 2 weeks, and these epithelial-mesenchymal cell sheets were laminated onto myoblastic cell sheets. The engineered hybrid sheets were multi-stratified in the epithelial and myoblastic layers in a time-dependent manner, expressing intermediate cytoskeletal filament proteins of epithelium and muscle. Hybrid sheets also expressed extracellular matrix basement membrane proteins. Immature cell markers for epithelial and myoblastic cells were observed continuously in hybrid sheet cultures. We established engineered three-dimensional rabbit oral mucosa hybrid sheets containing each immature cell type in vitro.展开更多
The morphometric analysis of the spinous cell in 16 specimens of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) was made by using interactive image analysis system (IBAS-II). 19 parameters of the size and shape were chosen, and compar...The morphometric analysis of the spinous cell in 16 specimens of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) was made by using interactive image analysis system (IBAS-II). 19 parameters of the size and shape were chosen, and compared with normal mucosa, leukoplakia, dysplasia and carcinoma. The results indicated that the cell dimensions (area, perimeter, all kinds of diameter) and nuclear cytoplasmic ratio in OSF were between normal mucosa and dysplasia as well as carcinoma. The former showed a progressive decrease (P<0.01), and the latter showed a progressive increase (P<0.01). The dimensions of the nuclei did not show considerable differences among the groups (P>0.05). A series of discriminant functions had been developed with stepwise discriminant analysis, the agreement ratio for OSF was 93.75%. The decrease of cell area and the increase of nuclear cytoplasmic ratio could reflect a malignant progress. The cell morphometric model could discriminate OSF well from other groups, suggesting that the change of the epith展开更多
基金supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of HealthNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, USA+1 种基金supported by grant 2012DFA31370 from the International S&T Cooperation Program of Chinathe National Nature Science Foundation of China (81321002)
文摘The mucosal immune system defends against a vast array of pathogens, yet it exhibits limited responses to commensal microorganisms under healthy conditions. The oral-pharyngeal cavity, the gateway for both the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts, is composed of complex anatomical structures and is constantly challenged by antigens from air and food. The mucosal immune system of the oral-pharyngeal cavity must prevent pathogen entry while maintaining immune homeostasis, which is achieved via a range of mechanisms that are similar or different to those utilized by the gastrointestinal immune system. In this review, we summarize the features of the mucosal immune system,focusing on T cell subsets and their functions. We also discuss our current understanding of the oral-pharyngeal mucosal immune system.
文摘By means of the enzyme linked affinity histothemical method, 45 cases of squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) of the oral mucosa and 15 cases of the approximately normal oral mucosal tissue were detected for estrogen receptor(ER) and progesterone receptor(PR). The results indicated that In the SCC tissue of the oral mucosa there were 5 cases of ER+ and PR- and 32 cases of both ER+ and PR+. Thirty-seven cases, the summation of the above two items, were considered as receptor(+),therefore the rate of the receptor(+) being 82.22%. ER+ and PR+ were cd related to the sex and age of patients, the neck lymph nodes' metastasizing or not and affected parts of the tumor, while they were related to the differentiation degree of the tumor. The rate of receptor(+) decreased with the decrease of the differentiation degree of the tumor. By X2 test a remarkable difference between grade Ⅰand grade Ⅲ of SCC of the oral mucosa was shown. It is suggested that SCC of the oral mucosa may probobly be hormone dependent tumor. The authors consider that the SCC detection for ER and PR could not only be one of the indices of biologic characteristics for that tumor but also as bases of anti-hormone treatment.
文摘背景:前期研究中三维细胞重建组织工程化口腔黏膜等效物结构类似于正常口腔黏膜,即存在类上皮样结构、类固有层样结构、类血管腔样结构,并已初步实现了等效物的血管化建立,但其血管化特征尚不十分明确。目的:采用血管内皮细胞特异性标志物表达谱关联激光捕获显微切割系统靶向获取血管化口腔黏膜等效物的血管样结构,评价其成血管能力,揭示其血管化特征。方法:分别从人牙龈上皮组织和固有层组织原代培养人牙龈上皮细胞、人牙龈成纤维细胞、人牙龈间充质干细胞,人牙龈间充质干细胞经单克隆扩增培养后诱导分化形成血管内皮样细胞。将人牙龈上皮细胞、人牙龈成纤维细胞、血管内皮样细胞分层负载于脱细胞血管基质-0.25%类人Ⅰ型胶原支架上,构建血管化口腔黏膜等效物。将血管化口腔黏膜等效物(实验组)与脱细胞血管基质-0.25%类人Ⅰ型胶原支架(对照组)分别植入裸鼠背部皮下,14 d后两组切口表面涂布生物胶,实验组生物胶表面接种人牙龈上皮细胞,对照组不接种细胞,继续饲养14 d后取材,利用形态学观察口腔黏膜等效物分层结构;采用较为全面的血管内皮细胞特异性标志物表达谱对口腔黏膜等效物中的新生血管样结构进行免疫组化、免疫荧光标记,进行血管化特征分析;采用激光捕获显微切割系统靶向捕获免疫组化特异性标记的口腔黏膜等效物中新生血管样结构,靶向分析其血管化特征。结果与结论:(1)形态学观察显示口腔黏膜等效物细胞层次清晰,结构类似于正常口腔黏膜,即存在类上皮样结构、类固有层样结构、类血管腔样结构,类血管腔样结构内存在散在红细胞;(2)口腔黏膜等效物组中EdU Apollo示踪种子细胞结果显示:EdU Apollo 488标记的人牙龈上皮细胞呈绿色荧光表达;DAPI标记的人牙龈成纤维细胞呈蓝色荧光表达,体内形成类固有层样结构;Ed U Apollo 567标记的血管内皮样细胞呈红色荧光表达,体内形成类血管样结构;(3)血管内皮细胞特异性标志物表达谱免疫荧光标记血管结构显示,与正常口腔黏膜相比,口腔黏膜等效物中CD31、CD51、CD54、CD105、Tie-2、VWF、血管内皮生长因子受体1、血管内皮生长因子受体2表达升高(P<0.0001),CD34表达无明显变化(P>0.05);(4)与特异性标记的口腔黏膜血管结构相比,激光捕获显微切割系统靶向捕获的口腔黏膜等效物血管样结构中CD51、CD54、CD105、Tie-2、VWF、血管内皮生长因子受体1、血管内皮生长因子受体2表达升高(P<0.0001),CD31、CD34表达无明显变化(P>0.05);(5)结果表明,通过三维细胞分层重建的口腔黏膜等效物能够实现良好的血管化,其血管化特征符合新生血管生成的免疫学功能及特点;血管化助力三维细胞分层重建的口腔黏膜等效物再生。
基金partly supported by an Assistance for Joint Research grant with the Community Program in Life Sciences from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology of Japan
文摘Regenerative muscles are required for swallowing and mastication, and are important for functional recovery from diseases involving oral muscular defects. Therefore, we generated three-layer hybrid sheets, similar to oral mucosal structures containing submucosal muscles, using rabbit oral mucosa epithelial, mesenchymal, and myoblastic progenitor cells, and examined the structural proteins. Each cell type was obtained from rabbit oral mucosa using enzymatic digestion. Isolated mesenchymal and myoblastic cells were multi-differentiated into osteoblasts, adipocytes, and chondrocytes or myotubes. Isolated epithelial cells were cultured on collagen gels containing isolated mesenchymal cells for 2 weeks, and these epithelial-mesenchymal cell sheets were laminated onto myoblastic cell sheets. The engineered hybrid sheets were multi-stratified in the epithelial and myoblastic layers in a time-dependent manner, expressing intermediate cytoskeletal filament proteins of epithelium and muscle. Hybrid sheets also expressed extracellular matrix basement membrane proteins. Immature cell markers for epithelial and myoblastic cells were observed continuously in hybrid sheet cultures. We established engineered three-dimensional rabbit oral mucosa hybrid sheets containing each immature cell type in vitro.
文摘The morphometric analysis of the spinous cell in 16 specimens of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) was made by using interactive image analysis system (IBAS-II). 19 parameters of the size and shape were chosen, and compared with normal mucosa, leukoplakia, dysplasia and carcinoma. The results indicated that the cell dimensions (area, perimeter, all kinds of diameter) and nuclear cytoplasmic ratio in OSF were between normal mucosa and dysplasia as well as carcinoma. The former showed a progressive decrease (P<0.01), and the latter showed a progressive increase (P<0.01). The dimensions of the nuclei did not show considerable differences among the groups (P>0.05). A series of discriminant functions had been developed with stepwise discriminant analysis, the agreement ratio for OSF was 93.75%. The decrease of cell area and the increase of nuclear cytoplasmic ratio could reflect a malignant progress. The cell morphometric model could discriminate OSF well from other groups, suggesting that the change of the epith
