BACKGROUND Despite its association with higher postoperative morbidity and mortality,the use of extended criteria donor(ECD)livers for transplantation has increased globally due to the high demand for the procedure.AI...BACKGROUND Despite its association with higher postoperative morbidity and mortality,the use of extended criteria donor(ECD)livers for transplantation has increased globally due to the high demand for the procedure.AIM To investigate the prevalence of ECD in donation after brain death(DBD)and its impact on organ acceptance for transplantation.METHODS Retrospective analysis of DBD organ offers for liver transplantation between 2017 and 2020 in a high-volume transplant centre.The incidence of the Eurotransplant risk factors to define an ECD(ET-ECD)among DBD donors and the likelihood of organ acceptance over the years were analysed.The relationship between organ refusal for transplantation,the occurrence,and the number of ET-ECD was assessed by simple and multiple logistic regression adjustment.RESULTS A total of 1619 organ donors were evaluated.Of these,78.31%(n=1268)had at least one ET-ECD criterion.There was an increase in the acceptance of ECD DBD organs for transplantation(1 criterion:from 23.40%to 31.60%;2 criteria:from 13.10%to 27.70%;3 criteria:From 6.30%to 13.60%).For each addition of one ETECD variable,the estimated chance of organ refusal was 64.4%higher(OR 1.644,95%CI 1.469-1.839,P<0.001).Except for the donor serum sodium>165 mmol/L(P=0.310),all ET-ECD criteria increased the estimated chance of organ refusal for transplantation.CONCLUSION A high prevalence of ECD DBD was observed.Despite the increase in their utilisation,the presence and the number of extended donor criteria were associated with an increased likelihood of their refusal for transplantation.展开更多
BACKGROUND: China has the largest potential market for organ transplants in the world, but it has not yet established brain death and organ transplant laws. We aimed to investigate the attitudes and suggestions of doc...BACKGROUND: China has the largest potential market for organ transplants in the world, but it has not yet established brain death and organ transplant laws. We aimed to investigate the attitudes and suggestions of doctors, pharmacists, and civil servants concerning brain death, organ transplantation, and their respective legislation. METHODS: A questionnaire with 10 sections and 44 questions was designed and distributed. The effective questionnaire data were then recorded and checked for descriptive analysis. RESULTS: In 1400 questionnaires distributed, 1063 were responded and 969 of them were valid and analyzed. The respondents showed an incomplete understanding of brain death and organ transplantation laws. Seventy-four percent of the respondents recognized and accepted the standard of brain death. They agreed that legislation should be involved in the removal of organs for transplantation, the future use of organs, and insurance and compensation for the donor for possible health risks induced by organ removal. Of the 969 respondents, 92% considered it necessary to have legislation in brain death and organ transplantation, and 61% thought that it is time to legislate. CONCLUSIONS: Legislation for brain death and organ transplantation is urgent and timely in China. The laws must include the respective rights and obligations of patients, close relatives, and medical institutions. Educating the public about brain death and organ transplantation should also be encouraged in a variety of ways.展开更多
The procurement process for organ donation begins with the identification of potential organ donors in emergency or critical care units(CCU),followed by their clinical evaluation,diagnostic procedures,and therapeutic ...The procurement process for organ donation begins with the identification of potential organ donors in emergency or critical care units(CCU),followed by their clinical evaluation,diagnostic procedures,and therapeutic interventions,mostly conducted in CCUs.It concludes with the request for organ donation and,if accepted,the retrieval of organs.Despite most interventions occurring in detection units,there has been a neglect of the strategic role played by critical care specialists(CCS)in managing and caring for brain-dead or near-brain-death patients.Questions arise:Are they willing to undertake this responsibility?Do they fully comprehend the nature of organ procurement?Are they aware of the specific interventions required to maintain possible organ donors in optimal physiological condition?Our objective is to examine the role of CCS in organ procurement and propose ways to enhance it,ultimately aiming to increase and enhance organ donation rates.展开更多
Use of animal models in preclinical transplant research is essential to the optimization of human allografts for clinical transplantation.Animal models of organ donation and preservation help to advance and improve te...Use of animal models in preclinical transplant research is essential to the optimization of human allografts for clinical transplantation.Animal models of organ donation and preservation help to advance and improve technical elements of solid organ recovery and facilitate research of ischemia-reperfusion injury,organ preservation strategies,and future donor-based interventions.Important considerations include cost,public opinion regarding the conduct of animal research,translational value,and relevance of the animal model for clinical practice.We present an overview of two porcine models of organ donation:donation following brain death(DBD)and donation following circulatory death(DCD).The cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of pigs closely resembles those of humans,making this species the most appropriate for pre-clinical research.Pigs are also considered a potential source of organs for human heart and kidney xenotransplantation.It is imperative to minimize animal loss during procedures that are surgically complex.We present our experience with these models and describe in detail the use cases,procedural approach,challenges,alternatives,and limitations of each model.展开更多
目的总结73例脑死亡器官捐献供体评估和供心选择的临床经验。方法回顾73对脑死亡器官捐献心脏移植供受者临床资料,评估供体,选择供心,分析心脏移植受者生存情况和边缘供心使用情况。结果发现潜在供体,在判定脑死亡状态后,明确供体家属...目的总结73例脑死亡器官捐献供体评估和供心选择的临床经验。方法回顾73对脑死亡器官捐献心脏移植供受者临床资料,评估供体,选择供心,分析心脏移植受者生存情况和边缘供心使用情况。结果发现潜在供体,在判定脑死亡状态后,明确供体家属同意器官捐献后,评估供体,选择供心,使供受体最大限度匹配。73例心脏移植受者手术成功率为94.5%(69/73),围手术期死亡4例,术后随访1年死亡4例。边缘供心使用情况:供体年龄≥45岁17例,供受体体质量不匹配2例,供体中毒1例,供心冷缺血时间≥4 h 43例,大部分心脏移植受者予主动脉内球囊反搏和(或)体外膜肺氧合辅助,最终顺利出院。结论供受体最大限度匹配可使心脏移植患者获益最大;同时,适当放宽供心选择标准,增加供心数量,将为众多等待心脏移植患者带来希望。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Despite its association with higher postoperative morbidity and mortality,the use of extended criteria donor(ECD)livers for transplantation has increased globally due to the high demand for the procedure.AIM To investigate the prevalence of ECD in donation after brain death(DBD)and its impact on organ acceptance for transplantation.METHODS Retrospective analysis of DBD organ offers for liver transplantation between 2017 and 2020 in a high-volume transplant centre.The incidence of the Eurotransplant risk factors to define an ECD(ET-ECD)among DBD donors and the likelihood of organ acceptance over the years were analysed.The relationship between organ refusal for transplantation,the occurrence,and the number of ET-ECD was assessed by simple and multiple logistic regression adjustment.RESULTS A total of 1619 organ donors were evaluated.Of these,78.31%(n=1268)had at least one ET-ECD criterion.There was an increase in the acceptance of ECD DBD organs for transplantation(1 criterion:from 23.40%to 31.60%;2 criteria:from 13.10%to 27.70%;3 criteria:From 6.30%to 13.60%).For each addition of one ETECD variable,the estimated chance of organ refusal was 64.4%higher(OR 1.644,95%CI 1.469-1.839,P<0.001).Except for the donor serum sodium>165 mmol/L(P=0.310),all ET-ECD criteria increased the estimated chance of organ refusal for transplantation.CONCLUSION A high prevalence of ECD DBD was observed.Despite the increase in their utilisation,the presence and the number of extended donor criteria were associated with an increased likelihood of their refusal for transplantation.
文摘BACKGROUND: China has the largest potential market for organ transplants in the world, but it has not yet established brain death and organ transplant laws. We aimed to investigate the attitudes and suggestions of doctors, pharmacists, and civil servants concerning brain death, organ transplantation, and their respective legislation. METHODS: A questionnaire with 10 sections and 44 questions was designed and distributed. The effective questionnaire data were then recorded and checked for descriptive analysis. RESULTS: In 1400 questionnaires distributed, 1063 were responded and 969 of them were valid and analyzed. The respondents showed an incomplete understanding of brain death and organ transplantation laws. Seventy-four percent of the respondents recognized and accepted the standard of brain death. They agreed that legislation should be involved in the removal of organs for transplantation, the future use of organs, and insurance and compensation for the donor for possible health risks induced by organ removal. Of the 969 respondents, 92% considered it necessary to have legislation in brain death and organ transplantation, and 61% thought that it is time to legislate. CONCLUSIONS: Legislation for brain death and organ transplantation is urgent and timely in China. The laws must include the respective rights and obligations of patients, close relatives, and medical institutions. Educating the public about brain death and organ transplantation should also be encouraged in a variety of ways.
文摘The procurement process for organ donation begins with the identification of potential organ donors in emergency or critical care units(CCU),followed by their clinical evaluation,diagnostic procedures,and therapeutic interventions,mostly conducted in CCUs.It concludes with the request for organ donation and,if accepted,the retrieval of organs.Despite most interventions occurring in detection units,there has been a neglect of the strategic role played by critical care specialists(CCS)in managing and caring for brain-dead or near-brain-death patients.Questions arise:Are they willing to undertake this responsibility?Do they fully comprehend the nature of organ procurement?Are they aware of the specific interventions required to maintain possible organ donors in optimal physiological condition?Our objective is to examine the role of CCS in organ procurement and propose ways to enhance it,ultimately aiming to increase and enhance organ donation rates.
基金University of Nebraska Collaborative Initiative,Grant/Award Number:Team Seed Grant#26685。
文摘Use of animal models in preclinical transplant research is essential to the optimization of human allografts for clinical transplantation.Animal models of organ donation and preservation help to advance and improve technical elements of solid organ recovery and facilitate research of ischemia-reperfusion injury,organ preservation strategies,and future donor-based interventions.Important considerations include cost,public opinion regarding the conduct of animal research,translational value,and relevance of the animal model for clinical practice.We present an overview of two porcine models of organ donation:donation following brain death(DBD)and donation following circulatory death(DCD).The cardiovascular anatomy and physiology of pigs closely resembles those of humans,making this species the most appropriate for pre-clinical research.Pigs are also considered a potential source of organs for human heart and kidney xenotransplantation.It is imperative to minimize animal loss during procedures that are surgically complex.We present our experience with these models and describe in detail the use cases,procedural approach,challenges,alternatives,and limitations of each model.
文摘目的总结73例脑死亡器官捐献供体评估和供心选择的临床经验。方法回顾73对脑死亡器官捐献心脏移植供受者临床资料,评估供体,选择供心,分析心脏移植受者生存情况和边缘供心使用情况。结果发现潜在供体,在判定脑死亡状态后,明确供体家属同意器官捐献后,评估供体,选择供心,使供受体最大限度匹配。73例心脏移植受者手术成功率为94.5%(69/73),围手术期死亡4例,术后随访1年死亡4例。边缘供心使用情况:供体年龄≥45岁17例,供受体体质量不匹配2例,供体中毒1例,供心冷缺血时间≥4 h 43例,大部分心脏移植受者予主动脉内球囊反搏和(或)体外膜肺氧合辅助,最终顺利出院。结论供受体最大限度匹配可使心脏移植患者获益最大;同时,适当放宽供心选择标准,增加供心数量,将为众多等待心脏移植患者带来希望。
