Diffraction of plane SV waves by a cavity in poroelastic half-space

This paper presents an indirect boundary integration equation method for diffraction of plane SV waves by a 2-D cavity in a poroelastic half-space.The Green＇s functions of compressive and shear wave sources are derived based on Biot＇s theory. The scattered waves are constructed using fictitious wave sources close to the boundary of the cavity, and their magnitudes are determined by the boundary conditions. Verification of the accuracy is performed by： （1） checking the satisfaction extent of the boundary conditions, （2） comparing the degenerated solutions of a single-phased case with well- known solutions, and （3） examining the numerical stability of the solutions. The nature of diffraction of plane SV waves around a cavity in a poroelastic half-space is investigated by numerical examples.

Effect of seawater on incident plane P and SV waves at ocean bottom and engineering characteristics of offshore ground motion records off the coast of southern California, USA

The effect of seawater on vertical ground motions is studied via a theoretical method and then actual offshore ground motion records are analyzed using a statistical method. A theoretical analysis of the effect of seawater on incident plane P and SV waves at ocean bottom indicate that on one hand, the affected frequency range of vertical ground motions is prominent due to P wave resonance in the water layer if the impedance ratio between the seawater and the underlying medium is large, but it is greatly suppressed if the impedance ratio is small; on the other hand, for the ocean bottom interface model selected herein, vertical ground motions consisting of mostly P waves are more easily affected by seawater than those dominated by SV waves. The statistical analysis of engineering parameters of offshore ground motion records indicate that:(1) Under the infl uence of softer surface soil at the seafl oor, both horizontal and vertical spectral accelerations of offshore motions are exaggerated at long period components, which leads to the peak spectral values moving to a longer period.(2) The spectral ratios(V/H) of offshore ground motions are much smaller than onshore ground motions near the P wave resonant frequencies in the water layer; and as the period becomes larger, the effect of seawater becomes smaller, which leads to a similar V/H at intermediate periods(near 2 s). These results are consistent with the conclusions of Boore and Smith(1999), but the V/H of offshore motion may be smaller than the onshore ground motions at longer periods(more than 5 s).

2.5D scattering of incident plane SV waves by a canyon in layered half-space

This paper presents a 2.5D scattering of incident plane SV waves by a canyon in a layered half-space by using the indirect boundary element method （IBEM）. A free field response analysis is performed to provide the displacements and stresses on the boundary of the canyon where fictitious uniform moving loads are applied to calculate the Green＇s fi.mctions for the displacements and stresses. The amplitudes of the loads are determined by the boundary conditions. The free field displacements are added to the fictitious uniform moving loads induced displacements and the total response is obtained. Numerical calculations are performed for a canyon with homogenous and in one layer over bedrock. The effects of the thickness and stiffness of the layer on the amplification are studied and discussed.

Surface motion of a semi-cylindrical hill for incident plane SV waves: Analytical solution

An analytical solution for surface motion of a semi-cylindrical hill for incident plane SV waves was derived by using the wave function expansion method and the auxiliary function technique, and convergence of the solution and accuracy of truncation were verified. The effect of incident frequency and angle as well as hill width on the surface motion of the hill was discussed by numerical examples. It was shown that, a hill greatly amplifies incident plane SV waves, and the maximal amplification may reach 4 times of that for free-field response; and for incident waves of low frequency, the maximal displacement amplitudes emerge mostly at the half-space, however, for incident waves of high frequency, the maximal displacement amplitudes appear mostly at the hill.

Effects of a covering layer in a circular-arc canyon on incident plane SV waves

An analytical solution for scattering of incident plane SV waves by a circular-arc canyon with a covering layer was derived by Fourier-Bessel series expansion technique, and the solution was utilized to analyze the effects of the covering layer on incident plane SV waves. It was shown that the covering layer in a canyon, even if it is very thin, amplifies incident plane SV waves tremendously, and the amplification can be two and half times more than that for a simple canyon; the stiffness and thickness of the covering layer also have great effects on incident plane SV waves.

Broadband Analytical Solution to the Scattering of Plane SV Waves by Circular Cylindrical Canyons

Based on Fourier-Bessel series expansion of wave functions,an analytical solution to 2-D scattering ofincident plane SV waves by circular cylindrical canyons with variable depthto-width ratios is deduced in this paper. Unlike other analytical solutions,this paper uses the asymptotic behavior of the cylindrical function to directly define the undetermined coefficients of scattered waves,thus,avoiding solving linear equation systems and the related numerical computation problems under high-frequency incident waves,thereby broadening the applicable frequency range of analytical solutions. Through comparison with existing analytical solutions,the correctness of this solution is demonstrated. Finally, the incident plane SV wave scattering effect under circular cylindrical canyons in wider frequency bands is explored.

A series solution for surface motion amplification due to underground twin tunnels:incident SV waves

A series solution of displacement response of the ground surface in the presence of underground twin tunnels subjected to excitation of incident plane SV waves is derived by using Fourier-Bessel series expansion method.The numerical parametric study shows that underground twin tunnels significantly amplify the nearby surface ground motion.It is suggested that the effect of subways on ground motion should be considered when the subways are planned and designed.

TI介质中P-SV波传播的SBP-SAT模拟

基于速度-应力形式的弹性波动方程,采用分部求和和同时逼近项技术建立的SBP-SAT方法,推导了横向各向同性(transversely isotropy,TI)介质的矩阵对称型(symmetric matrix form,SMF)弹性波动方程离散形式,并通过能量法进行了稳定性分析。将该方法应用于倾斜横向各向同性(tilted transverse isotropic,TTI)介质模型、垂直横向各向同性(transverse isotropy with a vertical axis of symmetry,VTI)介质和含裂缝及曲线域的复杂介质模型,对所得的速度幅值和单炮记录分析并总结规律;对不同时间步长、单元网格数的结果进行对比,得出计算效率并验证该方法在求解P-SV波传播问题上的正确性。数值模拟结果表明,该方法模拟精度高,适用性好,在地震数值模拟领域有很好的应用价值和前景。

Reflection coefficients of P-SV waves in weak anisotropic media

We introduce the Thomsen anisotropic parameters into the approximate linear reflection coefficient equation for P-SV wave in weakly anisotropic HTI media. From this we get a new, more effective, and practical reflection coefficient equation. We performed forward modeling to AVO attributes, obtaining excellent results. The combined AVO attribute analysis of PP and PS reflection data can greatly reduce ambiguity, obtain better petrophysical parameters, and improve parameter accuracy.

S1P/S2P波分离及SVP横波分裂校正

对于横波源地震勘探,从资料中提取裂缝信息并进行快、慢横波分离和横波分裂校正,对于方位各向异性横波地震数据成像具有十分重要的意义。横波源勘探数据中的SP转换波(横波转换的纵波)与纵波源勘探数据中的PS转换波(纵波转换的横波),二者之间的差异只是横波分裂发生在下行波或上行波传播过程中。因此,SP波横波分裂特征与PS波类似。本文将PS波的切向能量最小化方法应用到SP横波分裂分析,以求取地下裂缝方向。在三维九分量(3D9C)实际数据应用时,形成了在横波源SP波地震数据CCP(共转换点)道集抽取及动校正等预处理的基础上进行分方位叠加并求取CCP对应的裂缝方向,再进行快、慢转换纵(S1P、S2P)波分离的技术流程。同时,还提出了在快、慢波叠加剖面上拾取层位获取时差的策略,应用该时差进行横波分裂校正后,得到去除了横波分裂效应的转换纵(SVP)波,剖面成像质量得到了进一步的改善。合成数据及实际数据应用结果均表明,S1P和S2P波成像剖面较分离前有明显改善,横波分裂校正后SVP反射能量得到进一步增强,验证了本文方法在实际SP波地震数据进行快、慢波分离和横波分裂校正的可行性。

多空沟对弹性波的散射及隔振性能分析:平面P-SV波入射

在地基振动控制中,较浅的单空沟由于散射效率低,隔振效果并不理想,而多空沟可以通过提高散射效率而达到理想的隔振效果。根据弹性动力学基本理论,在复数域上进行波函数展开,由空沟周边应力自由边界条件,并借助保角映射理论和多极坐标变换技术建立了问题的控制方程,给出了多空沟对平面P‑SV波散射的解析解答。以双空沟为例,参数分析了激励频率、空沟长度和空沟间距等因素对隔振效果的影响规律。结果表明:双空沟的隔振效果明显优于单空沟,并且随着空沟长度增加,隔振效果越好;存在一定的空沟间距使双空沟能发挥出更好的隔振效果。

Characteristics and mechanisms of strain waves generated in rock by cylindrical explosive charges

A superposing principle, by suitably adding the strain waves from a number of concentrated explosive charges to approximate the waves generated by a cylindrical charge based on the strain wave of a point or small spherical explosive charge generated in rock, is used to further study the triggering time of strain gauges installed in radial direction at same distances but different positions surrounding a cylindrical explosive charge in rock. The duration of the first compression phase and peak value of strain wave, and furthermore, their differences are analyzed and some explanations are given. Besides that, the gauge orientation in which the maximum peak value occurs is also discussed. At last, the effect of velocity of detonation(V.O.D.) of a cylindrical explosive charge on the strain waves generated in the surrounding rock is taken as key research and the pattern of peak amplitude of a strain wave varies with the V.O.D. is likely to have been found.

The Magnetic Longitudinal (P-) Wave’s Propagation and Energy Models Underlying the Mechanisms of Its Capacity to Absorb Free Energy

The longitudinal wave term within Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction (Faraday’s law) underwent recovery to ensure its suitability for theoretical derivation of the equation governing longitudinal electromagnetic (LEM) waves. The revised Maxwell’s equations include the crucial parameters being the attenuation time constants of magnetic vortex potential and electric vortex potential generated by external electromagnetic field within the propagation medium. Specific expressions for them are obtained through theoretical analysis. Subsequently, a model for propagating magnetic P-wave generated by the superposition of a left-handed photo and a right-handed photon in a vacuum is formulated based on reevaluated total current law and revised Faraday’s law, covering wave equations, energy equation, as well as propagation mode involving mutual induction and conversion between scalar magnetic field and vortex electric field. Furthermore, through theoretical derivations centered around magnetic P-wave, evidence was presented regarding its ability to absorb huge free energy through the entangled interaction between zero-point vacuum energy field and the torsion field produced by the vortex electric field.

利用近震Sp转换波到时和远震接收函数P波峰值延迟研究华北盆地浅部结构

收集2017—2020年中国地震科学探测台阵在华北地区布设观测宽频带流动地震观测台采集的高信噪比近震远震地震波形,采用远震接收函数P波峰值延迟和近震Sp转换波到时对华北沉积层厚度进行了估算.由远震接收函数P波峰值延迟,近震Sp转换波和S波到时差方法推断的华北地区沉积层厚度在6~7 km,燕山造山带区域沉积层厚度较小,结晶基底埋深一般小于1 km,华北盆地中部和东南部盆地结晶基底埋深较厚,厚度普遍大于3 km,局部厚度可达7 km.盆地内地垒式隆起区邢衡隆起有3 km厚度的沉积层,冀中坳陷、黄骅坳陷厚度6~7 km;沉积层厚度与地质构造相对应,坳陷区沉积层厚度较大,隆起区沉积层厚度较小,体现了沉积盆地内部不同二级块体的沉降差异.震相拾取误差、震源方位角和震中距对沉积厚度计算结果影响不明显;进行时深转换采用的一维速度模型准确性对计算结果存在一定影响.总体来说,远震接收函数P波峰值延迟和近震Sp转换波到时可以研究沉积层厚度,能够可靠、有效地确定沉积层厚度结构的特征,为地震风险评估提供基础信息.

Dynamic soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space for incident P-and SV-waves

The dynamic soil-tunnel interaction is studied by the model of a rigid tunnel embedded in layered half-space, which is simplified as a single soil layer on elastic bedrock to the excitation of P- and SV-waves. The indirect boundary element method is used, combined with the Green＇ s function of distributed loads acting on inclined lines. It is shown that the dynamic characteristics of soil-tunnel interaction in layered half-space are different much from that in homoge- neous half-space, and that the mechanism of soil-tunnel interaction is also different much from that of soil-founda- tion-superstructure interaction. For oblique incidence, the tunnel response for in-plane incident SV-waves is com- pletely different from that for incident SH-waves, while the tunnel response for vertically incident SV-wave is very similar to that of vertically incident SH-wave.

基于P波斜入射海相软土区螺旋桩动力响应分析

在地震频发地区,越来越多建筑使用螺旋桩作为基础,此桩型具有良好的抗震能力。通过建立三维有限元模型,基于黏弹性人工边界,把地震作用等效为边界结点上的作用力。该研究考虑动静边界转换的影响,最后建立了具有黏弹性边界的螺旋桩-土体三维模型。探讨了处于海相软土场地下,不同种类地震波、地震强度、入射角度和螺旋叶片个数对螺旋桩轴力、弯矩和动力p-y曲线的影响。结果表明,相比较于弯矩,入射角度对轴力和动力p-y曲线的影响较大。除此之外,地震强度对弯矩的影响较大,而地震波频率和螺旋叶片个数对其影响较小。不同地面峰值加速度(0.05g,0.10g,0.30g)时,随着入射角度的改变,螺旋桩受到最大和最小弯矩的差值从144.1 N·m增加到了891 N·m。通过该研究结论,不仅可以得出软土场地下螺旋桩-土体的相互作用关系,也能为螺旋桩抗震设计提供依据。

基于土耳其7.8级地震序列对我国高铁P波预警算法的性能改进研究

基于2023年2月6日土耳其7.8级地震及其余震作为测试数据集,通过测试不同震中距和震级下基于STA/LTA和滑动窗AIC法组合的高铁P波地震预警算法的触发率和识别准确率,发现在200 km范围内该算法能够有效识别地震P波并捡拾到P波初至。此外,研究了最大预警时间和P波判别计算时间随震中距和震级的变化,发现最大预警时间和P波判别计算时间与震中距变化有密切关联,但与震级变化无明显关联。

心电图P波参数联合体质量指数在阵发性房颤患者消融术后复发预测中的应用价值

目的探讨心电图P波参数联合体质量指数(BMI)在阵发性房颤(PAF)患者射频消融术后复发预测中的应用价值。方法回顾性选取2021年3月—2022年12月新疆医科大学第一附属医院心脏中心收治PAF消融术后患者109例为研究对象,根据术后1年内复发情况分为复发组(n=24)和未复发组(n=85)。109例PAF患者均于术前及术后24 h内行12导联心电图检测。收集患者术前BMI、左心房内径(LAD)等临床资料并采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析PAF患者术后复发的影响因素;采用ROC曲线分析P波参数联合BMI对PAF患者术后复发的预测价值。结果109例PAF患者中术后1年内复发24例,复发率22.02%。复发组房颤病程、高血压占比、LAD、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞计数比值(NLR)以及BMI均高于未复发组(t/χ^(2)/P=2.559/0.012、5.827/0.016、4.557/<0.001、5.254/<0.001、4.436/<0.001)。复发组术前P波时限(PWD)、最大PWD(Pmax)及P波离散度(Pd)均较未复发组显著升高(t=5.617、4.005、9.078,P均<0.001)。多因素Logistic分析显示,BMI、LAD、NLR、高血压、PWD、Pmax及Pd均为PAF患者术后复发的危险因素[OR(95%CI)=1.163(1.008~1.342)、1.256(1.024~1.540)、1.458(1.106~1.922)、1.435(1.045~1.971)、1.509(1.136~2.005)、1.157(1.005~1.332)、1.714(1.308~2.246)]。四者联合预测PAF患者术后复发的AUC优于PWD、Pmax、BMI各自单独预测效能(Z/P=2.017/0.044、2.476/0.013、2.788/0.005),而与Pd单独预测的AUC比较,差异无统计学意义(Z/P=1.946/0.052)。结论BMI、LAD、NLR、高血压、PWD、Pmax及Pd是PAF患者术后复发的影响因素,术前PWD、Pmax和Pd联合BMI对PAF患者术后复发具有较高预测价值。

基于分形维数的高速铁路地震预警系统地震P波震相识别方法

为更好保障高速铁路的运营安全,高速铁路地震预警系统的实施十分必要。5级以下的小震事件占据地震事件的95%以上,提高高速铁路预警系统在小震震相识别的速度与精度能有效保障高铁安全运营。提出一种基于分形维数的地震震相识别算法,优化传统分形维数的计算方法,提高分形维数的计算速度。引入分形斜率曲线并划分为4个阶段,分析临界点的分形斜率特征,通过识别分形斜率极值时刻判断地震波精准到达时刻。提出的算法平均误差达到0.006 3 s,标准差达到0.043 8 s,满足高速铁路地震预警系统的时效性和准确度要求。

心电图MVP积分在阵发性心房颤动射频导管消融术后随访中的临床价值

目的探讨心电图P波形态、电压及时间(MVP)积分在阵发性心房颤动(下称房颤)射频导管消融术(下称消融)后随访中的临床价值。方法选择2018年2月至2022年1月嘉兴市第一医院(嘉兴大学附属医院)收治的心房颤动消融患者84例,随访1年,依据房颤是否复发分为未复发组60例、复发组24例。比较两组患者消融前、消融后1年心电图P波参数(MVP)积分、超声心动图检查指标。结果未复发组消融前患者P波时间、MVP积分小于复发组,P波面积大于复发组,未复发组消融后1年患者P波时间、V_(1)P波负向部分振幅和时间的乘积(PtfV_(1))、P波面积、MVP积分小于复发组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。复发组消融后1年PtfV_(1)大于消融前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。心电图P波时间、P波面积、MVP积分是房颤消融后房颤复发的影响因素(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析发现,MVP积分诊断房颤复发的AUC较大(P=0.001)。未复发组消融前后左心房前后径(LAD)小于复发组,消融后左心室短轴缩短率、左心室射血分数大于复发组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。复发组消融前后MVP积分与LAD均呈正相关(r=0.312、0.381,均P<0.05)。结论心电图MVP积分有助于预测房颤消融后复发。