Objective: This study was to investigate the role of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p as biomarkers and regulators of biological behavior in Systemic Sclerosis. Methods: A total of 10 SSc patients and 10 healthy cont...Objective: This study was to investigate the role of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p as biomarkers and regulators of biological behavior in Systemic Sclerosis. Methods: A total of 10 SSc patients and 10 healthy controls were selected for the study. The expression levels of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of SSc patients and healthy controls were measured using RT-qPCR. The diagnostic value of these miRNAs was explored using Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlation between miRNAs and clinical indicators in SSc patients. Potential target genes of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p were predicted using miRDB, Targetscan, and miRDIP databases. GO functional annotation, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction network construction, and selection of central genes were conducted. Results: The expression levels of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa- miR-155-5p were significantly higher in PBMCs of SSc patients compared to healthy controls (P<0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p had a high diagnostic value for SSc (AUC=1, P<0.001). Correlation analysis revealed that hsa- miR-155-3p, hsa-miR-155-5p, and clinical indicators such as high-resolution CT, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, and albumin to globulin ratio were correlated (P<0.05). The signaling pathways enriched with target genes of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155- 5p were closely associated with the occurrence and development of SSc fibrosis, immunity, and inflammation. Conclusions: hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p may be involved in regulating the occurrence and development of SSc fibrosis, immunity, and inflammation. They have the potential to serve as biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and treatment of SSc.展开更多
Brain–computer interface (BCI) systems, such as the P300 speller, enable patients to express intentions withoutnecessitating extensive training.However, the complexity of operational instructions and the slow pace of...Brain–computer interface (BCI) systems, such as the P300 speller, enable patients to express intentions withoutnecessitating extensive training.However, the complexity of operational instructions and the slow pace of characterspelling pose challenges for some patients. In this paper, an image segmentation P300 selector based on YOLOv7-mask and DeepSORT is proposed. The proposed system utilizes a camera to capture real-world objects forclassification and tracking. By applying predefined stimulation rules and object-specificmasks, the proposed systemtriggers stimuli associated with the objects displayed on the screen, inducing the generation of P300 signals in thepatient’s brain. Its video processing mechanism enables the system to identify the target the patient is focusing oneven if the object is partially obscured, overlapped, moving, or changing in number. The system alters the target’scolor display, thereby conveying the patient’s intentions to caregivers. The data analysis revealed that the selfrecognitionaccuracy of the subjects using this method was between 92% and 100%, and the cross-subject P300recognition precision was 81.9%–92.1%. This means that simple instructions such as “Do not worry, just focuson what you desire” effectively discerned the patient’s intentions using the Image Segmentation-P300 selector. Thisapproach provides cost-effective support and allows patients with communication difficulties to easily express theirneeds.展开更多
Fufang E’jiao Jiang(FEJ)as a healthy food consisting of medicine food homology materials approved by China’s Ministry of Health has been extensively applied to replenish qi and nourish blood,and it has a positive im...Fufang E’jiao Jiang(FEJ)as a healthy food consisting of medicine food homology materials approved by China’s Ministry of Health has been extensively applied to replenish qi and nourish blood,and it has a positive impact on women’s health.To find out the material basis and mechanism of FEJ,a systematic“compoundeffect-target”analysis including chemical composition resolution,zebrafish,network pharmacology,molecular docking,transcriptome,and bibliometric analysis was adopted.124 chemical components including ginsenosides,and phenylethanoid glycosides in FEJ were discovered,and effects of FEJ on promoting the generation of immune cells,erythropoiesis and angiogenesis in zebrafish were exhibited.Based on network pharmacology,molecular docking and in vivo activity assay,6 compounds including jionoside A1,isoacteoside,echinacoside,acteoside,lobetyolin,and rehmannioside D were identified as active components of FEJ.Transcriptome data showed that several pathways such as complement and coagulation cascades,ECM-receptor interaction,and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were associated with proangiogenic effect of FEJ.19 common targets were obtained through combined analysis of network pharmacology and transcriptomics,and 5 targets of them were verified by PCR.The bibliometric analysis of these common targets revealed that FEJ was related to energy metabolism,pathway in cancer,etc.,which was consistent with the results of network pharmacology and transcriptome.The studies suggested that FEJ could replenish qi and nourish blood through multi-compound and multi-targets.展开更多
Background:Nitrogen(N)deposition affects forest stoichiometric flexibility through changing soil nutrient availability to influence plant uptake.However,the effect of N deposition on the flexibility of carbon(C),N,and...Background:Nitrogen(N)deposition affects forest stoichiometric flexibility through changing soil nutrient availability to influence plant uptake.However,the effect of N deposition on the flexibility of carbon(C),N,and phosphorus(P)in forest plant-soil-microbe systems remains unclear.Methods:We conducted a meta-analysis based on 751 pairs of observations to evaluate the responses of plant,soil and microbial biomass C,N and P nutrients and stoichiometry to N addition in different N intensity(050,50–100,>100 kg·ha^(-1)·year^(-1)of N),duration(0–5,>5 year),method(understory,canopy),and matter(ammonium N,nitrate N,organic N,mixed N).Results:N addition significantly increased plant N:P(leaf:14.98%,root:13.29%),plant C:P(leaf:6.8%,root:25.44%),soil N:P(13.94%),soil C:P(10.86%),microbial biomass N:P(23.58%),microbial biomass C:P(12.62%),but reduced plant C:N(leaf:6.49%,root:9.02%).Furthermore,plant C:N:P stoichiometry changed significantly under short-term N inputs,while soil and microorganisms changed drastically under high N addition.Canopy N addition primarily affected plant C:N:P stoichiometry through altering plant N content,while understory N inputs altered more by influencing soil C and P content.Organic N significantly influenced plant and soil C:N and C:P,while ammonia N changed plant N:P.Plant C:P and soil C:N were strongly correlated with mean annual precipitation(MAT),and the C:N:P stoichiometric flexibility in soil and plant under N addition connected with soil depth.Besides,N addition decoupled the correlations between soil microorganisms and the plant.Conclusions:N addition significantly increased the C:P and N:P in soil,plant,and microbial biomass,reducing plant C:N,and aggravated forest P limitations.Significantly,these impacts were contingent on climate types,soil layers,and N input forms.The findings enhance our comprehension of the plant-soil system nutrient cycling mechanisms in forest ecosystems and plant strategy responses to N deposition.展开更多
Objective: Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) have identified over 150 risk loci linked to colorectal cancer(CRC), including the 17p13.3 locus with the tag single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) rs12603526 in the Asia...Objective: Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) have identified over 150 risk loci linked to colorectal cancer(CRC), including the 17p13.3 locus with the tag single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) rs12603526 in the Asian population. However, the specific causal gene and the functional regulatory mechanisms in this region remain unresolved, necessitating further investigation to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of CRC.Methods: We employed an RNA interference-based functional approach to identify genes critical for CRC cell proliferation at the GWAS locus 17p13.3. Bioinformatic fine-mapping analysis was conducted to prioritize causal variants. A large-scale study involving 7,013 cases and 7,329 controls from a Chinese population, along with another cohort of 5,158 cases and 20,632 controls from the UK Biobank, was performed to validate the association between the candidate variant and the gene. A series of biological experiments was conducted to explore the function of the candidate gene and its regulatory mechanisms.Results: We identified FAM57A as a key oncogene that promotes CRC cell proliferation, and confirmed its carcinogenic role through in vitro proliferation assays. The variant rs526835 was prioritized as a causal candidate for CRC risk, located in a functional region with enhancer properties, and showed a significant quantitative association with FAM57A expression. The rs526835 [T] variant was associated with a 1.17-fold increase in CRC risk [95%confidence interval(95% CI): 1.11-1.23, P=1.23×10^(−9)] in the large-scale Chinese cohort, which was further corroborated in the UK Biobank cohort. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that rs526835 enhances a promoterenhancer interaction mediated by the transcription factor JUN, leading to increased expression of FAM57A.Conclusions: We reveal the underlying mechanisms of CRC predisposition at the GWAS locus 17p13.3.Additionally, our findings highlight the critical role of FAM57A in CRC pathogenesis and introduce a novel enhancer-promoter interaction between FAM57A and rs526835, which could inform future precision prevention and personalized cancer therapies.展开更多
In the digital age,non-touch communication technologies are reshaping human-device interactions and raising security concerns.A major challenge in current technology is the misinterpretation of gestures by sensors and...In the digital age,non-touch communication technologies are reshaping human-device interactions and raising security concerns.A major challenge in current technology is the misinterpretation of gestures by sensors and cameras,often caused by environmental factors.This issue has spurred the need for advanced data processing methods to achieve more accurate gesture recognition and predictions.Our study presents a novel virtual keyboard allowing character input via distinct hand gestures,focusing on two key aspects:hand gesture recognition and character input mechanisms.We developed a novel model with LSTM and fully connected layers for enhanced sequential data processing and hand gesture recognition.We also integrated CNN,max-pooling,and dropout layers for improved spatial feature extraction.This model architecture processes both temporal and spatial aspects of hand gestures,using LSTM to extract complex patterns from frame sequences for a comprehensive understanding of input data.Our unique dataset,essential for training the model,includes 1,662 landmarks from dynamic hand gestures,33 postures,and 468 face landmarks,all captured in real-time using advanced pose estimation.The model demonstrated high accuracy,achieving 98.52%in hand gesture recognition and over 97%in character input across different scenarios.Its excellent performance in real-time testing underlines its practicality and effectiveness,marking a significant advancement in enhancing human-device interactions in the digital age.展开更多
Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li is a widely used medicinal herb in treating pulmonary diseases.In recent years,its wild resources have become scarce,and the demand for efficient artificial cultivation has significantly...Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li is a widely used medicinal herb in treating pulmonary diseases.In recent years,its wild resources have become scarce,and the demand for efficient artificial cultivation has significantly increased.This article is the first to apply phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soil of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li to the cultivation process of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li.The aim is to identify suitable reference strains for the artificial cultivation and industrial development of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li by examining the effects of various phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their combinations on photosynthesis,physiological and biochemical properties,and gene expression related to the protective enzyme system in F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li.The experiment,conducted in pots at room temperature,included a control group(CK)and groups inoculated with inorganic phosphorussolubilizing bacteria:W1(Bacillus cereus),W2(Serratia plymuthica),W12(Bacillus cereus and Serratia plymuthica),and groups inoculated with organophosphorus-solubilizing bacteria:Y1(Bacillus cereus),Y2(Bacillus cereus),Y12(Bacillus cereus and Bacillus cereus),totaling seven groups.Compared to CK,most growth indices in the bacterial addition groups showed significant differences,with W12 achieving the highest values in all indices except the leaf area index.The content of photosynthetic pigments,photosynthetic parameters,and osmoregulatory substances increased variably in each bacterial treatment group.W12 exhibited the highest content of chlorophyll a and soluble protein,while W1 had the highest free proline content.The activities of peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and catalase(CAT)in all inoculated groups were higher than in CK,with significant changes in SOD and CAT activities.The malondialdehyde(MDA)content in all inoculated groups was lower than in CK,with Y12 being the lowest,at approximately 30%of CK.Gene expression corresponding to these three enzymes also increased variably,with POD expression in Y2 being the highest at 2.73 times that of CK.SOD and CAT expression in Y12 were the highest,at 1.84 and 4.39 times that of CK,respectively.These results indicate that inoculating phosphate solubilizing bacteria can enhance the growth of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li,with the mixed inoculation groups W12 and Y12 demonstrating superior effects.This lays a theoretical foundation for selecting bacterial fertilizers in the cultivation process of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li.展开更多
Smoking has a complex impact on the immune system, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. It can exacerbate pathogenic immune responses and attenuate defensive immunity, leading to a higher susceptibility to inf...Smoking has a complex impact on the immune system, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. It can exacerbate pathogenic immune responses and attenuate defensive immunity, leading to a higher susceptibility to infections and certain diseases. The chemicals in cigarette smoke, such as nicotine and carbon monoxide, can alter immune cell functions and inflammatory responses. Smoking can also have long-term effects on the immune system, with some changes persisting even after quitting [1]. According to a Penn Medicine Physician, the Medical Oncologist Dr. David Porter, “People who are smokers tend to get sicker from infections”, “It may be that smoking impacts the immune system’s ability to respond appropriately”. Thus, such individuals within smoking exposure history might be considered as immunocompromised due to the altered and weakened immune system. Cigarette smoking is a prevalent habit with far-reaching health implications. Among its many adverse effects, smoking significantly alters the immune system’s functionality [1].展开更多
A variety of test methodologies are commonly used to assess if a photovoltaic system can perform in line with expectations generated by a computer simulation. One of the commonly used methodologies across the PV indus...A variety of test methodologies are commonly used to assess if a photovoltaic system can perform in line with expectations generated by a computer simulation. One of the commonly used methodologies across the PV industry is an ASTM E2848. ASTM E2848-13, 2023 test method provides measurement and analysis procedures for determining the capacity of a specific photovoltaic system built in a particular place and in operation under natural sunlight. This test method is mainly used for acceptance testing of newly installed photovoltaic systems, reporting of DC or AC system performance, and monitoring of photovoltaic system performance. The purpose of the PV Capacity Test and modeled energy test is to verify that the integrated system formed from all components of the PV Project has a production capacity that achieves the Guaranteed Capacity and the Guaranteed modeled AEP under measured weather conditions that occur when each PV Capacity Test is conducted. In this paper, we will be discussing ASTM E2848 PV Capacity test plan purpose and scope, methodology, Selection of reporting conditions (RC), data requirements, calculation of results, reporting, challenges, acceptance criteria on pass/fail test results, Cure period, and Sole remedy for EPC contractors for bifacial irradiance.展开更多
The value of system assimilation is to improve working relationships between tutors and learners while increasing workflow efficiency among tertiary institutions with low operational costs. E-skills could be described...The value of system assimilation is to improve working relationships between tutors and learners while increasing workflow efficiency among tertiary institutions with low operational costs. E-skills could be described as electronic education development, to assist ICT professionals to reach their future career goals and aim to help users boost their ICT skills. In a society that is expanding, it is also a crucial issue to take into account. Researchers have turned their attention to this topic because of its significance and contribution to the empowerment of graduates in digital education. Many scholars have proposed many methods for integrating e-skills into society with impressive results, but the rising rate of graduate unemployment in South Africa is gradually becoming a big worry in our society. A model based on Activity Theory (AT) and e-skills will be developed in our tertiary institution to equip graduates with skills that will increase their employability and provide more individualized work opportunities as part of this study’s effort to solve this issue. With the use of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Cronbach’s Alpha for validity and reliability testing, the study will create an experimental performance to assess the approach taken to measure e-skills in tertiary institutions to empower graduates in South Africa. The study established that system development and e-skilled models for tertiary institutions are growing gradually, especially in South African institutions, that empower graduates with profitable employability with experiences to improve work operation in the industries. In conclusion, system development and e-skills are very demanding but important to empower graduate employability to determine competency in the professional workforce.展开更多
Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tasks, becoming an integral part of various applications in society, including text generation, translation, summarization, a...Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tasks, becoming an integral part of various applications in society, including text generation, translation, summarization, and more. However, their widespread usage emphasizes the critical need to enhance their security posture to ensure the integrity and reliability of their outputs and minimize harmful effects. Prompt injections and training data poisoning attacks are two of the most prominent vulnerabilities in LLMs, which could potentially lead to unpredictable and undesirable behaviors, such as biased outputs, misinformation propagation, and even malicious content generation. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) framework provides a standardized approach to capturing the principal characteristics of vulnerabilities, facilitating a deeper understanding of their severity within the security and AI communities. By extending the current CVSS framework, we generate scores for these vulnerabilities such that organizations can prioritize mitigation efforts, allocate resources effectively, and implement targeted security measures to defend against potential risks.展开更多
In this paper, the physical education information teaching design system is researched and developed based on VB6.0 optimization platform. According to the national physical education and health course standards and t...In this paper, the physical education information teaching design system is researched and developed based on VB6.0 optimization platform. According to the national physical education and health course standards and the fundamental theories of the constructivisrn, the author adopts the modular-design development method to design two functional areas which are the displaying of the teaching design contents and the online information database (nine modules in total) on the basis of the P.E. teaching design flow. Importantly, this system features the compatibility, scalability and practical applicability, and can effectively improve the ability of P.E. teachers to design their teaching, and hence provides a guarantee for the improvement of teaching quality and efficiency.展开更多
随着分布式清洁能源发电技术的发展,传统电力用户逐渐转变为电能产消者,并可采用合作联盟形式参与电力P2P(peer to peer)交易,促进分布式清洁能源就地消纳。该文通过从源端和传输端分别核算碳减排量的方法,构建一类考虑经济效益和环境...随着分布式清洁能源发电技术的发展,传统电力用户逐渐转变为电能产消者,并可采用合作联盟形式参与电力P2P(peer to peer)交易,促进分布式清洁能源就地消纳。该文通过从源端和传输端分别核算碳减排量的方法,构建一类考虑经济效益和环境效益的社会福利函数,研究分布式电能产消者通过合作联盟形式实现社会福利最大化的途径。设计一种依据产消者对联盟社会福利贡献值分配合作剩余的机制,激励产消者合作的积极性以维持联盟的稳定。算例分析表明:相较于P2G(peer-to-grid)交易和非合作P2P交易,产消者以合作联盟方式参与电力P2P交易的社会福利分别提升了62.62%、33.79%。因此,以市场化的方式组建合作联盟参与电力P2P交易并合理分配利益,可挖掘分布式清洁能源就地消纳的潜力,促进能源消费的绿色低碳转型。展开更多
Deep learning(DL)is a subdivision of machine learning(ML)that employs numerous algorithms,each of which provides various explanations of the data it consumes;mobile ad-hoc networks(MANET)are growing in promi-nence.For...Deep learning(DL)is a subdivision of machine learning(ML)that employs numerous algorithms,each of which provides various explanations of the data it consumes;mobile ad-hoc networks(MANET)are growing in promi-nence.For reasons including node mobility,due to MANET’s potential to provide small-cost solutions for real-world contact challenges,decentralized management,and restricted bandwidth,MANETs are more vulnerable to security threats.When protecting MANETs from attack,encryption and authentication schemes have their limits.However,deep learning(DL)approaches in intrusion detection sys-tems(IDS)can adapt to the changing environment of MANETs and allow a sys-tem to make intrusion decisions while learning about its mobility in the environment.IDSs are a secondary defiance system for mobile ad-hoc networks vs.attacks since they monitor network traffic and report anything unusual.Recently,many scientists have employed deep neural networks(DNNs)to address intrusion detection concerns.This paper used MANET to recognize com-plex patterns by focusing on security standards through efficiency determination and identifying malicious nodes,and mitigating network attacks using the three algorithms presented Cascading Back Propagation Neural Network(CBPNN),Feedforward-Neural-Network(FNN),and Cascading-Back-Propagation-Neural-Network(CBPNN)(FFNN).In addition to Convolutional-Neural-Network(CNN),these primary forms of deep neural network(DNN)building designs are widely used to improve the performance of intrusion detection systems(IDS)and the use of IDS in conjunction with machine learning(ML).Further-more,machine learning(ML)techniques than their statistical and logical methods provide MANET network learning capabilities and encourage adaptation to differ-ent environments.Compared with another current model,The proposed model has better average receiving packet(ARP)and end-to-end(E2E)performance.The results have been obtained from CBP,FFNN and CNN 74%,82%and 85%,respectively,by the time(27,18,and 17 s).展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.8186029481860295)Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(No.2019MS080552021MS08045)Science and Technology Plan Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(No.2018020892019GG052)。
文摘Objective: This study was to investigate the role of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p as biomarkers and regulators of biological behavior in Systemic Sclerosis. Methods: A total of 10 SSc patients and 10 healthy controls were selected for the study. The expression levels of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of SSc patients and healthy controls were measured using RT-qPCR. The diagnostic value of these miRNAs was explored using Receiver Operating Characteristic curve analysis. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the correlation between miRNAs and clinical indicators in SSc patients. Potential target genes of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p were predicted using miRDB, Targetscan, and miRDIP databases. GO functional annotation, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction network construction, and selection of central genes were conducted. Results: The expression levels of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa- miR-155-5p were significantly higher in PBMCs of SSc patients compared to healthy controls (P<0.001). The ROC curve analysis showed that hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p had a high diagnostic value for SSc (AUC=1, P<0.001). Correlation analysis revealed that hsa- miR-155-3p, hsa-miR-155-5p, and clinical indicators such as high-resolution CT, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, and albumin to globulin ratio were correlated (P<0.05). The signaling pathways enriched with target genes of hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155- 5p were closely associated with the occurrence and development of SSc fibrosis, immunity, and inflammation. Conclusions: hsa-miR-155-3p and hsa-miR-155-5p may be involved in regulating the occurrence and development of SSc fibrosis, immunity, and inflammation. They have the potential to serve as biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and treatment of SSc.
文摘Brain–computer interface (BCI) systems, such as the P300 speller, enable patients to express intentions withoutnecessitating extensive training.However, the complexity of operational instructions and the slow pace of characterspelling pose challenges for some patients. In this paper, an image segmentation P300 selector based on YOLOv7-mask and DeepSORT is proposed. The proposed system utilizes a camera to capture real-world objects forclassification and tracking. By applying predefined stimulation rules and object-specificmasks, the proposed systemtriggers stimuli associated with the objects displayed on the screen, inducing the generation of P300 signals in thepatient’s brain. Its video processing mechanism enables the system to identify the target the patient is focusing oneven if the object is partially obscured, overlapped, moving, or changing in number. The system alters the target’scolor display, thereby conveying the patient’s intentions to caregivers. The data analysis revealed that the selfrecognitionaccuracy of the subjects using this method was between 92% and 100%, and the cross-subject P300recognition precision was 81.9%–92.1%. This means that simple instructions such as “Do not worry, just focuson what you desire” effectively discerned the patient’s intentions using the Image Segmentation-P300 selector. Thisapproach provides cost-effective support and allows patients with communication difficulties to easily express theirneeds.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1707300)the Taishan Industrial Experts Program(tscx202211148).
文摘Fufang E’jiao Jiang(FEJ)as a healthy food consisting of medicine food homology materials approved by China’s Ministry of Health has been extensively applied to replenish qi and nourish blood,and it has a positive impact on women’s health.To find out the material basis and mechanism of FEJ,a systematic“compoundeffect-target”analysis including chemical composition resolution,zebrafish,network pharmacology,molecular docking,transcriptome,and bibliometric analysis was adopted.124 chemical components including ginsenosides,and phenylethanoid glycosides in FEJ were discovered,and effects of FEJ on promoting the generation of immune cells,erythropoiesis and angiogenesis in zebrafish were exhibited.Based on network pharmacology,molecular docking and in vivo activity assay,6 compounds including jionoside A1,isoacteoside,echinacoside,acteoside,lobetyolin,and rehmannioside D were identified as active components of FEJ.Transcriptome data showed that several pathways such as complement and coagulation cascades,ECM-receptor interaction,and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were associated with proangiogenic effect of FEJ.19 common targets were obtained through combined analysis of network pharmacology and transcriptomics,and 5 targets of them were verified by PCR.The bibliometric analysis of these common targets revealed that FEJ was related to energy metabolism,pathway in cancer,etc.,which was consistent with the results of network pharmacology and transcriptome.The studies suggested that FEJ could replenish qi and nourish blood through multi-compound and multi-targets.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31800369,32271686,U1904204)the State Scholarship Fund of Chinathe Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Construction Projects of Henan Province(No.182101510005)。
文摘Background:Nitrogen(N)deposition affects forest stoichiometric flexibility through changing soil nutrient availability to influence plant uptake.However,the effect of N deposition on the flexibility of carbon(C),N,and phosphorus(P)in forest plant-soil-microbe systems remains unclear.Methods:We conducted a meta-analysis based on 751 pairs of observations to evaluate the responses of plant,soil and microbial biomass C,N and P nutrients and stoichiometry to N addition in different N intensity(050,50–100,>100 kg·ha^(-1)·year^(-1)of N),duration(0–5,>5 year),method(understory,canopy),and matter(ammonium N,nitrate N,organic N,mixed N).Results:N addition significantly increased plant N:P(leaf:14.98%,root:13.29%),plant C:P(leaf:6.8%,root:25.44%),soil N:P(13.94%),soil C:P(10.86%),microbial biomass N:P(23.58%),microbial biomass C:P(12.62%),but reduced plant C:N(leaf:6.49%,root:9.02%).Furthermore,plant C:N:P stoichiometry changed significantly under short-term N inputs,while soil and microorganisms changed drastically under high N addition.Canopy N addition primarily affected plant C:N:P stoichiometry through altering plant N content,while understory N inputs altered more by influencing soil C and P content.Organic N significantly influenced plant and soil C:N and C:P,while ammonia N changed plant N:P.Plant C:P and soil C:N were strongly correlated with mean annual precipitation(MAT),and the C:N:P stoichiometric flexibility in soil and plant under N addition connected with soil depth.Besides,N addition decoupled the correlations between soil microorganisms and the plant.Conclusions:N addition significantly increased the C:P and N:P in soil,plant,and microbial biomass,reducing plant C:N,and aggravated forest P limitations.Significantly,these impacts were contingent on climate types,soil layers,and N input forms.The findings enhance our comprehension of the plant-soil system nutrient cycling mechanisms in forest ecosystems and plant strategy responses to N deposition.
基金supported by the Program of National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(No.81925032)Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82130098)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82304232)。
文摘Objective: Genome-wide association studies(GWAS) have identified over 150 risk loci linked to colorectal cancer(CRC), including the 17p13.3 locus with the tag single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) rs12603526 in the Asian population. However, the specific causal gene and the functional regulatory mechanisms in this region remain unresolved, necessitating further investigation to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of CRC.Methods: We employed an RNA interference-based functional approach to identify genes critical for CRC cell proliferation at the GWAS locus 17p13.3. Bioinformatic fine-mapping analysis was conducted to prioritize causal variants. A large-scale study involving 7,013 cases and 7,329 controls from a Chinese population, along with another cohort of 5,158 cases and 20,632 controls from the UK Biobank, was performed to validate the association between the candidate variant and the gene. A series of biological experiments was conducted to explore the function of the candidate gene and its regulatory mechanisms.Results: We identified FAM57A as a key oncogene that promotes CRC cell proliferation, and confirmed its carcinogenic role through in vitro proliferation assays. The variant rs526835 was prioritized as a causal candidate for CRC risk, located in a functional region with enhancer properties, and showed a significant quantitative association with FAM57A expression. The rs526835 [T] variant was associated with a 1.17-fold increase in CRC risk [95%confidence interval(95% CI): 1.11-1.23, P=1.23×10^(−9)] in the large-scale Chinese cohort, which was further corroborated in the UK Biobank cohort. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that rs526835 enhances a promoterenhancer interaction mediated by the transcription factor JUN, leading to increased expression of FAM57A.Conclusions: We reveal the underlying mechanisms of CRC predisposition at the GWAS locus 17p13.3.Additionally, our findings highlight the critical role of FAM57A in CRC pathogenesis and introduce a novel enhancer-promoter interaction between FAM57A and rs526835, which could inform future precision prevention and personalized cancer therapies.
文摘In the digital age,non-touch communication technologies are reshaping human-device interactions and raising security concerns.A major challenge in current technology is the misinterpretation of gestures by sensors and cameras,often caused by environmental factors.This issue has spurred the need for advanced data processing methods to achieve more accurate gesture recognition and predictions.Our study presents a novel virtual keyboard allowing character input via distinct hand gestures,focusing on two key aspects:hand gesture recognition and character input mechanisms.We developed a novel model with LSTM and fully connected layers for enhanced sequential data processing and hand gesture recognition.We also integrated CNN,max-pooling,and dropout layers for improved spatial feature extraction.This model architecture processes both temporal and spatial aspects of hand gestures,using LSTM to extract complex patterns from frame sequences for a comprehensive understanding of input data.Our unique dataset,essential for training the model,includes 1,662 landmarks from dynamic hand gestures,33 postures,and 468 face landmarks,all captured in real-time using advanced pose estimation.The model demonstrated high accuracy,achieving 98.52%in hand gesture recognition and over 97%in character input across different scenarios.Its excellent performance in real-time testing underlines its practicality and effectiveness,marking a significant advancement in enhancing human-device interactions in the digital age.
基金This work was funded by Chongqing Municipal Technology Innovation and Application Development Program(cstc2020jscx-gksb0001)Yunnan Academician(Expert)Workstation Project(202105AF150073).
文摘Fritillaria taipaiensis P.Y.Li is a widely used medicinal herb in treating pulmonary diseases.In recent years,its wild resources have become scarce,and the demand for efficient artificial cultivation has significantly increased.This article is the first to apply phosphate solubilizing bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soil of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li to the cultivation process of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li.The aim is to identify suitable reference strains for the artificial cultivation and industrial development of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li by examining the effects of various phosphate solubilizing bacteria and their combinations on photosynthesis,physiological and biochemical properties,and gene expression related to the protective enzyme system in F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li.The experiment,conducted in pots at room temperature,included a control group(CK)and groups inoculated with inorganic phosphorussolubilizing bacteria:W1(Bacillus cereus),W2(Serratia plymuthica),W12(Bacillus cereus and Serratia plymuthica),and groups inoculated with organophosphorus-solubilizing bacteria:Y1(Bacillus cereus),Y2(Bacillus cereus),Y12(Bacillus cereus and Bacillus cereus),totaling seven groups.Compared to CK,most growth indices in the bacterial addition groups showed significant differences,with W12 achieving the highest values in all indices except the leaf area index.The content of photosynthetic pigments,photosynthetic parameters,and osmoregulatory substances increased variably in each bacterial treatment group.W12 exhibited the highest content of chlorophyll a and soluble protein,while W1 had the highest free proline content.The activities of peroxidase(POD),superoxide dismutase(SOD),and catalase(CAT)in all inoculated groups were higher than in CK,with significant changes in SOD and CAT activities.The malondialdehyde(MDA)content in all inoculated groups was lower than in CK,with Y12 being the lowest,at approximately 30%of CK.Gene expression corresponding to these three enzymes also increased variably,with POD expression in Y2 being the highest at 2.73 times that of CK.SOD and CAT expression in Y12 were the highest,at 1.84 and 4.39 times that of CK,respectively.These results indicate that inoculating phosphate solubilizing bacteria can enhance the growth of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li,with the mixed inoculation groups W12 and Y12 demonstrating superior effects.This lays a theoretical foundation for selecting bacterial fertilizers in the cultivation process of F.taipaiensis P.Y.Li.
文摘Smoking has a complex impact on the immune system, affecting both innate and adaptive immunity. It can exacerbate pathogenic immune responses and attenuate defensive immunity, leading to a higher susceptibility to infections and certain diseases. The chemicals in cigarette smoke, such as nicotine and carbon monoxide, can alter immune cell functions and inflammatory responses. Smoking can also have long-term effects on the immune system, with some changes persisting even after quitting [1]. According to a Penn Medicine Physician, the Medical Oncologist Dr. David Porter, “People who are smokers tend to get sicker from infections”, “It may be that smoking impacts the immune system’s ability to respond appropriately”. Thus, such individuals within smoking exposure history might be considered as immunocompromised due to the altered and weakened immune system. Cigarette smoking is a prevalent habit with far-reaching health implications. Among its many adverse effects, smoking significantly alters the immune system’s functionality [1].
文摘A variety of test methodologies are commonly used to assess if a photovoltaic system can perform in line with expectations generated by a computer simulation. One of the commonly used methodologies across the PV industry is an ASTM E2848. ASTM E2848-13, 2023 test method provides measurement and analysis procedures for determining the capacity of a specific photovoltaic system built in a particular place and in operation under natural sunlight. This test method is mainly used for acceptance testing of newly installed photovoltaic systems, reporting of DC or AC system performance, and monitoring of photovoltaic system performance. The purpose of the PV Capacity Test and modeled energy test is to verify that the integrated system formed from all components of the PV Project has a production capacity that achieves the Guaranteed Capacity and the Guaranteed modeled AEP under measured weather conditions that occur when each PV Capacity Test is conducted. In this paper, we will be discussing ASTM E2848 PV Capacity test plan purpose and scope, methodology, Selection of reporting conditions (RC), data requirements, calculation of results, reporting, challenges, acceptance criteria on pass/fail test results, Cure period, and Sole remedy for EPC contractors for bifacial irradiance.
文摘The value of system assimilation is to improve working relationships between tutors and learners while increasing workflow efficiency among tertiary institutions with low operational costs. E-skills could be described as electronic education development, to assist ICT professionals to reach their future career goals and aim to help users boost their ICT skills. In a society that is expanding, it is also a crucial issue to take into account. Researchers have turned their attention to this topic because of its significance and contribution to the empowerment of graduates in digital education. Many scholars have proposed many methods for integrating e-skills into society with impressive results, but the rising rate of graduate unemployment in South Africa is gradually becoming a big worry in our society. A model based on Activity Theory (AT) and e-skills will be developed in our tertiary institution to equip graduates with skills that will increase their employability and provide more individualized work opportunities as part of this study’s effort to solve this issue. With the use of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Cronbach’s Alpha for validity and reliability testing, the study will create an experimental performance to assess the approach taken to measure e-skills in tertiary institutions to empower graduates in South Africa. The study established that system development and e-skilled models for tertiary institutions are growing gradually, especially in South African institutions, that empower graduates with profitable employability with experiences to improve work operation in the industries. In conclusion, system development and e-skills are very demanding but important to empower graduate employability to determine competency in the professional workforce.
文摘Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tasks, becoming an integral part of various applications in society, including text generation, translation, summarization, and more. However, their widespread usage emphasizes the critical need to enhance their security posture to ensure the integrity and reliability of their outputs and minimize harmful effects. Prompt injections and training data poisoning attacks are two of the most prominent vulnerabilities in LLMs, which could potentially lead to unpredictable and undesirable behaviors, such as biased outputs, misinformation propagation, and even malicious content generation. The Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) framework provides a standardized approach to capturing the principal characteristics of vulnerabilities, facilitating a deeper understanding of their severity within the security and AI communities. By extending the current CVSS framework, we generate scores for these vulnerabilities such that organizations can prioritize mitigation efforts, allocate resources effectively, and implement targeted security measures to defend against potential risks.
文摘In this paper, the physical education information teaching design system is researched and developed based on VB6.0 optimization platform. According to the national physical education and health course standards and the fundamental theories of the constructivisrn, the author adopts the modular-design development method to design two functional areas which are the displaying of the teaching design contents and the online information database (nine modules in total) on the basis of the P.E. teaching design flow. Importantly, this system features the compatibility, scalability and practical applicability, and can effectively improve the ability of P.E. teachers to design their teaching, and hence provides a guarantee for the improvement of teaching quality and efficiency.
文摘随着分布式清洁能源发电技术的发展,传统电力用户逐渐转变为电能产消者,并可采用合作联盟形式参与电力P2P(peer to peer)交易,促进分布式清洁能源就地消纳。该文通过从源端和传输端分别核算碳减排量的方法,构建一类考虑经济效益和环境效益的社会福利函数,研究分布式电能产消者通过合作联盟形式实现社会福利最大化的途径。设计一种依据产消者对联盟社会福利贡献值分配合作剩余的机制,激励产消者合作的积极性以维持联盟的稳定。算例分析表明:相较于P2G(peer-to-grid)交易和非合作P2P交易,产消者以合作联盟方式参与电力P2P交易的社会福利分别提升了62.62%、33.79%。因此,以市场化的方式组建合作联盟参与电力P2P交易并合理分配利益,可挖掘分布式清洁能源就地消纳的潜力,促进能源消费的绿色低碳转型。
文摘Deep learning(DL)is a subdivision of machine learning(ML)that employs numerous algorithms,each of which provides various explanations of the data it consumes;mobile ad-hoc networks(MANET)are growing in promi-nence.For reasons including node mobility,due to MANET’s potential to provide small-cost solutions for real-world contact challenges,decentralized management,and restricted bandwidth,MANETs are more vulnerable to security threats.When protecting MANETs from attack,encryption and authentication schemes have their limits.However,deep learning(DL)approaches in intrusion detection sys-tems(IDS)can adapt to the changing environment of MANETs and allow a sys-tem to make intrusion decisions while learning about its mobility in the environment.IDSs are a secondary defiance system for mobile ad-hoc networks vs.attacks since they monitor network traffic and report anything unusual.Recently,many scientists have employed deep neural networks(DNNs)to address intrusion detection concerns.This paper used MANET to recognize com-plex patterns by focusing on security standards through efficiency determination and identifying malicious nodes,and mitigating network attacks using the three algorithms presented Cascading Back Propagation Neural Network(CBPNN),Feedforward-Neural-Network(FNN),and Cascading-Back-Propagation-Neural-Network(CBPNN)(FFNN).In addition to Convolutional-Neural-Network(CNN),these primary forms of deep neural network(DNN)building designs are widely used to improve the performance of intrusion detection systems(IDS)and the use of IDS in conjunction with machine learning(ML).Further-more,machine learning(ML)techniques than their statistical and logical methods provide MANET network learning capabilities and encourage adaptation to differ-ent environments.Compared with another current model,The proposed model has better average receiving packet(ARP)and end-to-end(E2E)performance.The results have been obtained from CBP,FFNN and CNN 74%,82%and 85%,respectively,by the time(27,18,and 17 s).