TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in most cancer types and has been extensively studied in cancer research.p53 plays a critical role in regulating the expression of target genes and is involved in key pr...TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in most cancer types and has been extensively studied in cancer research.p53 plays a critical role in regulating the expression of target genes and is involved in key processes such as apoptosis,cell cycle regulation,and genomic stability,earning it the title“guardian of the genome.”Numerous studies have demonstrated p53’s influence on and regulation of autophagy,ferroptosis,the tumor microenvironment,and cell metabolism,all of which contribute to tumor suppression.Alterations in p53,specifically mutant p53(mutp53),not only impair its tumor-suppressing functions but also enhance oncogenic characteristics.Recent data indicate that mutp53 is strongly associated with poor prognosis and advanced cancers,making it an ideal target for the development of novel cancer therapies.This review summarizes the post-translational modifications of p53,the mechanisms of mutp53 accumulation,and its gain-of-function,based on previous findings.Additionally,this review discusses its impact on metabolic homeostasis,ferroptosis,genomic instability,the tumor microenvironment,and cancer stem cells,and highlights recent advancements in mutp53 research.展开更多
p53蛋白是人体内十分重要的肿瘤抑制因子,通过调节细胞周期阻滞、诱导细胞凋亡等作用发挥肿瘤抑制功能。突变后的p53蛋白不仅具有显性负性效应(dominant negative effect,DN)抑制野生型p53蛋白功能,而且还通过功能获得性效应(gain of fu...p53蛋白是人体内十分重要的肿瘤抑制因子,通过调节细胞周期阻滞、诱导细胞凋亡等作用发挥肿瘤抑制功能。突变后的p53蛋白不仅具有显性负性效应(dominant negative effect,DN)抑制野生型p53蛋白功能,而且还通过功能获得性效应(gain of function,GOF)调节细胞代谢、侵袭、迁移等方式促进肿瘤的发生。p53蛋白在超过50%的肿瘤组织中发生突变,是肿瘤细胞区别于正常细胞的一个特异性药物靶点。因此,针对突变p53蛋白开发新型抗癌药物一直是研究的热点。长期以来,由于突变p53蛋白表面较为光滑,缺乏药物结合口袋,使其被认为是一个不可成药的靶点。随着高通量筛选技术的发展以及对突变p53蛋白结构的深入了解,许多靶向突变p53蛋白的小分子化合物被报道并在体外展现出较好的抗肿瘤活性,多款基于突变p53蛋白研发的化合物已经进入临床试验阶段。本文就靶向p53蛋白治疗肿瘤的直接和间接策略进行综述,重点针对突变p53蛋白重激活剂与降解突变p53蛋白的小分子化合物作用机制进行梳理,以期为后续开发靶向突变p53蛋白药物的创新提供帮助。展开更多
AIM:To investigate the role of FAT10 and mutant p53 in the pathogenesis,severity and prognosis of gastric cancer.METHODS:FAT10,mutant p53 mRNA and protein levels were measured by reverse transcription(RT)-PCR and immu...AIM:To investigate the role of FAT10 and mutant p53 in the pathogenesis,severity and prognosis of gastric cancer.METHODS:FAT10,mutant p53 mRNA and protein levels were measured by reverse transcription(RT)-PCR and immunohistochemistry in gastric cancer tissue(n = 62),tumoradjacent tissue(n = 62) and normal gastric tissue(n = 62).Relation of FAT10 and mutant p53 expression with clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients were analyzed.RESULTS:The FAT10,mutant p53 mRNA and protein levels were signif icantly higher in gastric cancer than in its adjacent and normal tissue.The FAT10 and mutant p53 levels in gastric cancer tissue were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and tumor,nodes,metastasis(TNM) staging.Moreover,the high FAT10 level was associated with the overall survival rate of patients.Multivariate Cox-proportional hazards model analysis showed that mRNA and protein levels of FAT10 and mutant p53,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis and TNM stage were the independent prognostic factors for gastric cancer.CONCLUSION:FAT10 may be involved in gastric carcinogenesis,and is a potential marker for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.FAT10 and mutant p53 may play a common role in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer.展开更多
文摘TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in most cancer types and has been extensively studied in cancer research.p53 plays a critical role in regulating the expression of target genes and is involved in key processes such as apoptosis,cell cycle regulation,and genomic stability,earning it the title“guardian of the genome.”Numerous studies have demonstrated p53’s influence on and regulation of autophagy,ferroptosis,the tumor microenvironment,and cell metabolism,all of which contribute to tumor suppression.Alterations in p53,specifically mutant p53(mutp53),not only impair its tumor-suppressing functions but also enhance oncogenic characteristics.Recent data indicate that mutp53 is strongly associated with poor prognosis and advanced cancers,making it an ideal target for the development of novel cancer therapies.This review summarizes the post-translational modifications of p53,the mechanisms of mutp53 accumulation,and its gain-of-function,based on previous findings.Additionally,this review discusses its impact on metabolic homeostasis,ferroptosis,genomic instability,the tumor microenvironment,and cancer stem cells,and highlights recent advancements in mutp53 research.
文摘p53蛋白是人体内十分重要的肿瘤抑制因子,通过调节细胞周期阻滞、诱导细胞凋亡等作用发挥肿瘤抑制功能。突变后的p53蛋白不仅具有显性负性效应(dominant negative effect,DN)抑制野生型p53蛋白功能,而且还通过功能获得性效应(gain of function,GOF)调节细胞代谢、侵袭、迁移等方式促进肿瘤的发生。p53蛋白在超过50%的肿瘤组织中发生突变,是肿瘤细胞区别于正常细胞的一个特异性药物靶点。因此,针对突变p53蛋白开发新型抗癌药物一直是研究的热点。长期以来,由于突变p53蛋白表面较为光滑,缺乏药物结合口袋,使其被认为是一个不可成药的靶点。随着高通量筛选技术的发展以及对突变p53蛋白结构的深入了解,许多靶向突变p53蛋白的小分子化合物被报道并在体外展现出较好的抗肿瘤活性,多款基于突变p53蛋白研发的化合物已经进入临床试验阶段。本文就靶向p53蛋白治疗肿瘤的直接和间接策略进行综述,重点针对突变p53蛋白重激活剂与降解突变p53蛋白的小分子化合物作用机制进行梳理,以期为后续开发靶向突变p53蛋白药物的创新提供帮助。
文摘AIM:To investigate the role of FAT10 and mutant p53 in the pathogenesis,severity and prognosis of gastric cancer.METHODS:FAT10,mutant p53 mRNA and protein levels were measured by reverse transcription(RT)-PCR and immunohistochemistry in gastric cancer tissue(n = 62),tumoradjacent tissue(n = 62) and normal gastric tissue(n = 62).Relation of FAT10 and mutant p53 expression with clinicopathological features and clinical outcomes of gastric cancer patients were analyzed.RESULTS:The FAT10,mutant p53 mRNA and protein levels were signif icantly higher in gastric cancer than in its adjacent and normal tissue.The FAT10 and mutant p53 levels in gastric cancer tissue were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and tumor,nodes,metastasis(TNM) staging.Moreover,the high FAT10 level was associated with the overall survival rate of patients.Multivariate Cox-proportional hazards model analysis showed that mRNA and protein levels of FAT10 and mutant p53,lymph node metastasis,distant metastasis and TNM stage were the independent prognostic factors for gastric cancer.CONCLUSION:FAT10 may be involved in gastric carcinogenesis,and is a potential marker for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.FAT10 and mutant p53 may play a common role in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81001186)the Tianjin MunicipaNatural Science Foundation(Grant No.10JCYBJC14100)