师范类专业认证背景下民族地区高校英语专业学生PCK培养体系建构研究

民族地区高校英语专业学生语言基础薄弱,学科教学知识(PCK)掌握不牢。根据师范类专业认证标准和相关理念,文章以学科教学知识(PCK)为理论基础,从学生、教师、机制三个层面找寻当前民族地区高校英语专业师范人才培养体系存在的问题,并分析原因,探究构建以“培养目标——毕业要求——课程结构——实践训练——课堂效率”为一体,聚焦学科教学知识(PCK)培养的合理体系,以此促进师范类专业认证工作,提升民族地区高校英语专业师范人才培养质量,提高民族地区基础教育英语师资水平。

课程思政背景下高职教师PCK结构研究

要将高职人才的培养从知识技能的教育上升到关注人的发展高度,首要的是研究高职教师以育人为宗旨的专业教学素养,即完善高职教师PCK结构,突出PCK的价值引领。将课程思政融入PCK,构建认知、情感、道德维度融合的PCK结构,基于该结构采用问卷调查的方法,收集高职教师知识素养、能力素养和品性素养相关数据,通过量化和描述性统计分析数据,提出相应的对策建议,旨在为高职教师的专业发展和教学改进提供有力的参考,进而促进课程思政与专业教育的有机融合。

“PCK”视域下高职学前教育专业混合式教学模式探索与实践

近年来,高职院校学前教育专业混合式教学模式创新受到教育界的广泛关注“,PCK”视域下的混合式教学模式探索与实践取得了一定的成效,但存在“教学策略知识”的教学水平较低、“教学内容”脱离实际、“教学方式”过于传统、“教学考核方式”单一等问题。为了将PCK教育理念融入常态化的课程教学中,本研究从教学设计、实践样式、线上线下混合式教学以及建立协同培养机制四个方面进行深入探索,以期达到更好的教学效果。

Multi-omics analyses provide insights into the evolutionary history and the synthesis of medicinal components of the Chinese wingnut

Chinese wingnut(Pterocarya stenoptera)is a medicinally and economically important tree species within the family Juglandaceae.However,the lack of high-quality reference genome has hindered its in-depth research.In this study,we successfully assembled its chromosome-level genome and performed multiomics analyses to address its evolutionary history and synthesis of medicinal components.A thorough examination of genomes has uncovered a significant expansion in the Lateral Organ Boundaries Domain gene family among the winged group in Juglandaceae.This notable increase may be attributed to their frequent exposure to flood-prone environments.After further differentiation between Chinese wingnut and Cyclocarya paliurus,significant positive selection occurred on the genes of NADH dehydrogenase related to mitochondrial aerobic respiration in Chinese wingnut,enhancing its ability to cope with waterlogging stress.Comparative genomic analysis revealed Chinese wingnut evolved more unique genes related to arginine synthesis,potentially endowing it with a higher capacity to purify nutrient-rich water bodies.Expansion of terpene synthase families enables the production of increased quantities of terpenoid volatiles,potentially serving as an evolved defense mechanism against herbivorous insects.Through combined transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis,we identified the candidate genes involved in the synthesis of terpenoid volatiles.Our study offers essential genetic resources for Chinese wingnut,unveiling its evolutionary history and identifying key genes linked to the production of terpenoid volatiles.

Effect of Planting Date on Yield and Yield Components of Grain Sorghum Hybrids

In Kansas, productivity of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is affected by weather conditions at planting and during pollination. Planting date management and selection of hybrid maturity group can help to avoid severe environmental stresses during these sensitive stages. The hypothesis of the study was that late May planting improves grain sorghum yield and yield components compared with late June planting. The objectives of this research were to investigate the influence of planting dates yield and yield components of different grain sorghum hybrids, and to determine the optimal planting date and hybrid combination for maximum biomass and grains production. Three sorghum hybrids (early, medium, and late maturing) were planted in late May and late June without irrigation in Kansas at Manhattan/Ashland Bottom Research Station, and Hutchinson in 2010;and at Manhattan/North Farm and Hutchinson in 2011. Data on dry matter production, yield and yield components were collected. Grain yield and yield components were influenced by planting date depending on environmental conditions. At Manhattan (2010), greater grain yield, number of heads per plant, were obtained with late-June planting compared with late May planting, while at Hutchinson (2010) greater yield was obtained with late May planting for all hybrids. The yield component most affected at Hutchinson was the number of kernels∙panicle−1 and plant density. Late-May planting was favorable for late maturing hybrid (P84G62) in all locations. However, the yield of early maturing hybrid (DKS 28-05) and medium maturing hybrid (DKS 37-07) was less affected by delayed planting. The effects of planting dates on yield and yield components of grain sorghum hybrids were found to be variable among hybrid maturity groups and locations.

Simultaneous purification of minor components in natural products using twin-column recycling chromatography with a step solvent gradient

The isolation of minor components from complex natural product matrices presents a significant challenge in the field of purification science due to their low concentrations and the presence of structurally similar compounds.This study introduces an optimized twin-column recycling chromatography method for the efficient and simultaneous purification of these elusive constituents.By introducing water at a small flowing rate between the twin columns,a step solvent gradient is created,by which the leading edge of concentration band would migrate at a slower rate than the trailing edge as it flowing from the upstream to downstream column.Hence,the band broadening is counterbalanced,resulting in an enrichment effect for those minor components in separation process.Herein,two target substances,which showed similar peak position in high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and did not exceed 1.8%in crude paclitaxel were selected as target compounds for separation.By using the twin-column recycling chromatography with a step solvent gradient,a successful purification was achieved in getting the two with the purity almost 100%.We suggest this method is suitable for the separation of most components in natural produces,which shows higher precision and recovery rate compared with the common lab-operated separation ways for natural products(thin-layer chromatography and prep-HPLC).

Nontraditional energy-assisted mechanical machining of difficult-to-cut materials and components in aerospace community:a comparative analysis

The aerospace community widely uses difficult-to-cut materials,such as titanium alloys,high-temperature alloys,metal/ceramic/polymer matrix composites,hard and brittle materials,and geometrically complex components,such as thin-walled structures,microchannels,and complex surfaces.Mechanical machining is the main material removal process for the vast majority of aerospace components.However,many problems exist,including severe and rapid tool wear,low machining efficiency,and poor surface integrity.Nontraditional energy-assisted mechanical machining is a hybrid process that uses nontraditional energies(vibration,laser,electricity,etc)to improve the machinability of local materials and decrease the burden of mechanical machining.This provides a feasible and promising method to improve the material removal rate and surface quality,reduce process forces,and prolong tool life.However,systematic reviews of this technology are lacking with respect to the current research status and development direction.This paper reviews the recent progress in the nontraditional energy-assisted mechanical machining of difficult-to-cut materials and components in the aerospace community.In addition,this paper focuses on the processing principles,material responses under nontraditional energy,resultant forces and temperatures,material removal mechanisms,and applications of these processes,including vibration-,laser-,electric-,magnetic-,chemical-,advanced coolant-,and hybrid nontraditional energy-assisted mechanical machining.Finally,a comprehensive summary of the principles,advantages,and limitations of each hybrid process is provided,and future perspectives on forward design,device development,and sustainability of nontraditional energy-assisted mechanical machining processes are discussed.

Transcriptomic analysis of Andrias davidianus meat and experimental validation for exploring its bioactive components as functional foods

Andrias davidianus(Chinese giant salamander,CGS)is the largest and oldest extant amphibian species in the world and is a source of prospective functional food in China.However,the progress of functional peptides mining was slow due to lack of reference genome and protein sequence data.In this study,we illustrated full-length transcriptome sequencing to interpret the proteome of CGS meat and obtain 10703 coding DNA sequences.By functional annotation and amino acid composition analysis,we have discovered various genes related to signal transduction,and 16 genes related to longevity.We have also found vast variety of functional peptides through protein coding sequence(CDS)analysis by comparing the data obtained with the functional peptide database.Val-Pro-Ile predicted by the CDS analysis was released from the CGS meat through enzymatic hydrolysis,suggesting that our approach is reliable.This study suggested that transcriptomic analysis can be used as a reference to guide polypeptide mining in CGS meat,thereby providing a powerful mining strategy for the bioresources with unknown genomic and proteomic sequences.

基于Visual Components的套筒类零件柔性制造单元的应用研究

为实现多品种中、小批量零件的智能化加工,以套筒类零件加工为研究对象,通过对零件工艺的分析,为满足单元加工、搬运、翻转等功能需求,对数控机床和工业机器人进行选型,实现柔性制造单元的设计。利用Visual Components软件进行单元搭建、仿真优化反馈以提高真实产线运行效率。利用Profinet实现制造单元真实搭建,完成单元安装调试。套筒类零件柔性制造单元的设计为生产线设计提供了新思路。

Umami taste components in chicken-spices blends and potential effect of aroma on umami taste intensity

In this study,umami taste intensity(UTI)and umami taste components in chicken breast(CB)and chickenspices blends were characterized using sensory and instrumental analysis.Our main objective was to assess the aroma-umami taste interactions in different food matrices and reconcile the aroma-taste perception to assist future product development.The impact of key aroma,including vegetable-note"2-pentylfuran",meaty"methional",green"hexanal",and spicy-note-estragole and caryophyllene"on UTI was evaluated in monosodium glutamate and chicken extract.We found that spices significantly decreased UTI and umami taste components in CB.Interestingly,the perceptually similar odorants and tastants exhibited the potential to enhance UTI in food matrices.Methional was able to increase the UTI,whereas spicy and green-note components could reduce the UTI significantly.This information would be valuable to food engineers and formulators in aroma selection to control the UTI perceived by consumers,thus,improving the quality and acceptability of the chicken products.

Association of complement components with risk of colorectal cancer:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Complement components could contribute to the tumor microenvironment and the systemic immune response.Nevertheless,their role in colorectal cancer(CRC)remains a contentious subject.AIM To elucidate the relationship between complement components and CRC risk and clinical characteristics.METHODS Searches were conducted in PubMed,the Cochrane Library,and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database until June 1,2023.We included cohort studies encompassing participants aged≥18 years,investigating the association between complement components and CRC.The studies were of moderate quality or above,as determined by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality.The meta-analysis employed fixed-effects or random-effects models based on the I^(2)test,utilizing risk ratio(RR)and their corresponding 95%confidence interval(CI)for outcomes.Sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to validate the robustness of the collective estimates and identify the source of heterogeneity.RESULTS Data from 15 studies,comprising 1631 participants that met the inclusion criteria,were included in the meta-analysis.Our findings indicated that protein levels of cluster of differentiation 46(CD46)(RR=3.66,95%CI:1.75-7.64,P<0.001),CD59(RR=2.86,95%CI:1.36-6.01,P=0.005),and component 1(C1)(RR=5.88,95%CI:1.75-19.73,P=0.004)and serum levels of C3(standardized mean difference=1.82,95%CI:0.06-3.58,P=0.040)were significantly elevated in patients with CRC compared to healthy controls.Strong expression of CD55 or CD59 was associated with a higher incidence of lymph node metastasis,whereas strong CD46 expression correlated with a higher incidence of tumor differentiation compared to low CD46 expression(P<0.05 for all).Although specific pooled results demonstrated notable heterogeneity,subgroup analyses pointed to regional differences as the primary source of inconsistency among the studies.CONCLUSION Our analysis underscores that increased levels of specific complement components are associated with a heightened risk of CRC,emphasizing the potential significance of monitoring elevated complement component levels.

A novel approach of jet polishing for interior surface of small-grooved components using three developed setups

It is a challenge to polish the interior surface of an additively manufactured component with complex structures and groove sizes less than 1 mm.Traditional polishing methods are disabled to polish the component,meanwhile keeping the structure intact.To overcome this challenge,small-grooved components made of aluminum alloy with sizes less than 1 mm were fabricated by a custom-made printer.A novel approach to multi-phase jet(MPJ)polishing is proposed,utilizing a self-developed polisher that incorporates solid,liquid,and gas phases.In contrast,abrasive air jet(AAJ)polishing is recommended,employing a customized polisher that combines solid and gas phases.After jet polishing,surface roughness(Sa)on the interior surface of grooves decreases from pristine 8.596μm to 0.701μm and 0.336μm via AAJ polishing and MPJ polishing,respectively,and Sa reduces 92%and 96%,correspondingly.Furthermore,a formula defining the relationship between linear energy density and unit defect volume has been developed.The optimized parameters in additive manufacturing are that linear energy density varies from 0.135 J mm^(-1)to 0.22 J mm^(-1).The unit area defect volume achieved via the optimized parameters decreases to 1/12 of that achieved via non-optimized ones.Computational fluid dynamics simulation results reveal that material is removed by shear stress,and the alumina abrasives experience multiple collisions with the defects on the heat pipe groove,resulting in uniform material removal.This is in good agreement with the experimental results.The novel proposed setups,approach,and findings provide new insights into manufacturing complex-structured components,polishing the small-grooved structure,and keeping it unbroken.

The bio-active components of the Mongolian medicine Horcha-6 and therapeutic mechanism in the rat migraine model

Background:The active components of Horcha-6 were identified using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.Also,we investigated the potential mechanisms that explain why Horcha-6 may be effective in treating migraines through the use of network pharmacology and a rat migraine model.Methods:After identifying the active components of Horcha-6,the corresponding genes of the active components’target were obtained from the Universal Protein database,and a“compound-target-disease”network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.0 software.For the in vivo experiments,nitroglycerin was injected intraperitoneally into rats to create a migraine model.Pre-treatment with Horcha-6 was administered orally for 14 days,and rats were subjected to migraine-related behavior tests.RNA sequencing was performed to identify the gene expression regulated by Horcha-6 in the trigeminal nerve.Results:A total of 903 chemical components of Horcha-6 have been collected in the liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.We discovered 55 of the Horcha-6 bio-active components that were evaluated based on their Percent Human Oral Absorption(≥30%)and DL values(≥0.185)on the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database.The“compound-target-disease”network contained 163 intersection targets with the migraine state.Gene Ontology analysis indicated that these components significantly regulated the immune response,vascular function,oxidative stress,etc.When Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis was performed,we observed that most of the target genes were significantly enriched in the inflammation and neuro-related signaling pathway,toll-like receptor signaling pathway,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,etc.These predictions were further demonstrated via in vivo animal model experiments.The RNA sequencing results showed that 41 genes were down-regulated(P<0.05)and 86 genes were up-regulated(P<0.05)in the Horcha-6 treated group compared with the untreated group.Those genes were mainly involved in neuromodulation,vascular function,and hormone metabolism.Conclusion:The 55 bio-active components in Horcha-6 regulate inflammation,hormone metabolism,and neurotransmitters and have potential as a therapy to treat migraines.

Professional Development of Rural PE Teachers from the Perspective of PCK:A Case Study of Huaiji County

Based on the four dimensions of PCK,this paper investigates the professional development of rural PE teachers in Huaiji County by using the research methods of literature,questionnaire,interview and mathematical statistics.Based on PCK related theories,this paper analyzes the current situation of professional development of rural PE teachers in Huaiji County,explores the problems existing in the process of professional development,and provides an optimal path for the professional development of rural PE teachers,so as to improve the teaching ability and classroom quality of rural PE teachers,and promote the further development of rural PE education under the background of new curriculum reform.Through the research,it is found that the shortcomings of rural PE teachers are:lack of situational knowledge;lack of understanding of the course content;not flexible use of teaching representation;low ability to identify the differences of students learning styles;lack of understanding of social environment,etc.

基于PCK理论的“浮力产生的原因”教学案例

从PCK的4个维度出发,对“浮力产生的原因”进行解析,并给出相应的教学案例,突破学生学习该内容的困难.

基于PCK理念的生命教育——以心理课“解锁我的生命意义”为例

生命是教育的起点、基点,也是教育的重点、归宿。生命教育有利于唤醒学生的生命意识,优化学生的生命结构,提升学生的生命境界。基于PCK理念,结合学生的实际学情,设计了一堂关于生命意义的课,通过案例探讨、小组合作、自我探索等方式让学生梳理其认可的生命意义,增强对自我意识的认同和积极期待,探讨生命的意义和本质。

PCK视域下的中小学教师分层培训探索

PCK即学科教学知识,主要由学科知识、教学知识、情境知识、学生知识、技术知识等要素构成。不同层次的教师在各个要素的掌握上不尽相同,且在学生知识、情境知识的积累上都存在着一定程度的缺陷。根据当前中小学教师PCK的实际情况,基于教师培训的基本逻辑,宁海县教师培训机构通过将培训对象分层、培训课程分层、培训机制分层,生成行之有效的培训策略,有效促进了教师PCK的形成与发展,进而促进了教师的专业发展。

Leveraging React Components in Business Process Management (BPM) Applications

As organizations increasingly embrace digital transformation, the integration of modern web technologies like React.js with Business Process Management (BPM) applications has become essential. React components offer flexibility, reusability, and scalability, making them ideal for enhancing user interfaces and driving user engagement within BPM environments. This article explores the benefits, challenges, and best practices of leveraging React components in BPM applications, along with real-world examples of successful implementations.

猪PCK1基因SNPs检测及其与生长育肥性状的关联分析

本实验旨在研究猪磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧激酶1(Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase 1,PCK1)基因SNPs及其与生长育肥性状之间的关系,为猪育种提供新的标记资源。本研究以美系大白猪为研究对象,采用直接测序的方法检测PCK1基因内部的多态性位点,并与生长育肥性状进行关联分析。结果发现在美系大白猪中共检测到PCK1基因11个SNPs,关联分析结果显示,PCK1基因多态性位点rs713611695与初生重、达100 kg体重日龄极显著相关,与眼肌面积显著相关;多态性位点rs324442589与达100 kg体重日龄和体长性状显著相关、与眼肌面积极显著关联;多态性位点rs699149356与活体背膘厚极显著相关;多态性位点rs321585061与初生重极显著关联;多态性位点rs331839879与初生重极显著关联、与左乳头数显著关联;多态性位点rs335103760与初生重和眼肌面积极显著关联;多态性位点rs341303544与初生重极显著关联、与体长显著关联。连锁不平衡分析结果显示,多态性位点rs321585061与rs702046790、rs321585061与rs335103760、rs702046790与rs335103760、rs331839879与rs323291342、rs713611695与rs323291342、rs713611695与rs331839879处于强连锁不平衡(D’>0.8,r^(2)>0.33)。单倍型组合分析发现,单倍型组合H2-H5、H3-H3达100kg体重日龄极显著高于H1-H1、H1-H2、H1-H3、H2-H4;单倍型组合H1-H3、H1-H4、H3-H3活体背膘厚性状极显著高于H3-H4;单倍型组合H2-H5初生重极显著高于H2-H2;单倍型组合H1-H2、H1-H3、H2-H3眼肌面积极显著高于H2-H5;单倍型组合H1-H3体长极显著高于H3-H3,H1-H3是改良猪眼肌面积和体长性状的优势单倍型组合。以上结果表明PCK1基因可以作为猪遗传改良的候选基因,也为深入研究该基因功能提供了一定的参考。

高校体育教师PCK现状及发展策略研究

随着高校教师学历教育的推进,当前我国高校体育教师的PCK(学科教学知识)结构在知识和专项体育运动能力上均得到大幅提升,但在学科知识内化、整合能力和教学拓展、教学方法、教学手段的创新能力,以及人才培养策略的实践探索能力等方面仍存在短板,将会影响我国高校体育教学成效和育人成效。该文以山西省30所高校体育教师的PCK知识结构和能力结构为研究对象,根据舒尔曼PCK教育理念及其构成,探索山西省高校体育教师PCK发展策略,并提出发展建议。