基于PCMS系统的企鹅FPSO浮体专业项目管理应用与研究

随着海洋石油公司承揽国外项目的增多,引进国际先进的工程项目管理软件PCMS系统。PCMS系统是以工单为载体,融合设计、计划、物资和生产等各要素,结合公司自身业务特点,在数据标准化和规范化的基础上,用于提高施工效率的工程项目管理系统。本文以企鹅FPSO项目为依托,介绍了PCMS系统在浮体专业的应用和实施策略,包括加工设计数据模板定制、物料编码数据导入与校验、原材料入库、工单类型划分、计划数据与工单关联、半成品管理和以工单为基础进行施工管理等。本文阐述的研究成果不仅可在企鹅FPSO浮体专业进行应用,也可供其他浮体类项目参考借鉴。

聚焦PCMS系统的家具设计方法

我国家具行业经过几十年的快速发展,学术界与企业界创新不断。本研究通过查阅大量文献资料,将家具产品本身在市场中所最终呈现的状态拆解和归纳为六个范畴,即价格、色彩、造型、尺寸、材料、风格,并将其视为一个整体,简称"PCMS系统";同时,对PCMS系统各个范畴的含义、相互关系以及PCMS系统的现实意义、适用范围和局限性进行了系统阐述。

基于PCMS系统结构专业材料预测的应用研究

随着海洋石油工程(青岛)有限公司在生产项目管理精细化方面不断提高,项目管理团队对PCMS系统在结构专业材料预测提出更高的管理需求。本文以原材料供货紧缺的MDS(Multiple Discipline Support)下料和预制阶段为应用场景,阐述通过应用PCMS系统现有功能辅以软件定制开发实现材料精准预测,提供施工决策,优化施工路径,并在企鹅FPSO项目上成功应用。

基于PCMS系统结构专业材料管理的应用研究

随着海洋石油工程(青岛)有限公司国际市场的不断开拓,承揽了多项海外项目,如Ichthys LNG、Yamal LNG、企鹅FPSO,发现国外业主都有一套成熟的系统用于支撑工程项目管理,如Aker公司的MIPS,不仅工作效率高,而且在计划、生产、物资等方面的管理提升成就显著。PCMS系统在严峻的工程信息化道路上应运而生,材料作为整个项目的施工前提,材料管理是系统应用的首要环节,PCMS系统内有对材料管理的模块SPM。本文主要阐述了PCMS系统如何通过SPM对结构专业材料的编码、收货、发放等进行线上管理。

耻骨直肠肌综合征(PCMS)强力挂线快速松解术

目的 寻求一种治疗耻骨直肠肌综合征（PCMS）引起的出口梗阻性便秘的简单安全中西医结合外科手术方法。方法 随机将PCMS便秘患者56例分成治疗组43例,采用后方强力挂线快速松解术;对照组13例,采用经典的后方单侧切断术。结果 两组分别对比观察术前、术后、2年后追访,三阶段的排粪造影等多项临床指标及排便情况,经X2检验,P<0.05及P<0.01,有显著性差异,无一例发生不全失禁或肛管畸形等后遗症。结论 本术式避免了常规经典手术易于出血、水肿、感染、坏死,最后使耻骨直肠肌严重疤痕化所致的便秘复发。

PCMS结构型钢数据提取

PCMS系统需要导入型钢排版图内杆件的信息,建造事业部传统的方法需要从AutoCAD排版图中逐条录入数据,并从MTO中查找每个杆件的信息,写入到PCMS管理员所提供的模板中。由于排版图数量较多,数据来源复杂,非常耗费人力,且容易出现错误。本文阐述了采用CSharp编程来实现对杆件信息的提取。

基于PCMS和Oracle数据库项目图表开发

对PCMS系统用户项目建造进度报表和图表的开发需求进行了研究,使用Oracle数据库函数和视图开发技术,以及报表与图表网站配置技术,形成进度报表与图表敏捷开发解决方案,并在多个项目中进行应用。

基于PCMS的FRIPC产品开发项目过程管理

Program Central Management System(以下简称PCMS)项目管理系统是以项目管理理论为指导,并结合企业自身实际的项目管理体系来制定项目过程管理的标准,从而实现项目过程管理的跟踪和监控的准确性和效率性,确保企业项目管理的KPI指标。

A Study for the Influence of the Location of PCMs Assembly System on Improving Thermal Environment inside Disaster-Relief Temporary Houses

Currently,people pay more and more attention to the transitional resettlement of victims after various natural disasters.There is an urgent need for a large number of temporary houses to resettle the victims after natural disasters.Disaster-relief temporary houses(DTHs)played an important role in the post-disaster resettlement in the past,which can not only be produced on a large scale,but also can be quickly and conveniently erected,which were the main means to solve the problem of transitional resettlement.However,due to their temporary nature,there was no extra energy consuming system installed in the DTHs generally.Hence the indoor thermal environment inside the DTHs was severe in summer.In this study,combined with the field experimental tests of the DTHs in Wenchuan Earthquake and Lushan Earthquake and the experimental study of the full-size DTH,it found that the thermal environment inside the DTH was intolerably high in summer.It had negative impact on victims.In order to improve the thermal environment inside DTHs during post-disaster period which lacked of extra energy resources,this study used the method of combining phase change materials(PCMs)with walls of the DTH to explore its feasibility and effectiveness.The results showed that PCMs could effectively improve the thermal environment inside the DTH in summer.Furthermore,the difference of the composite positions between PCMs and the wall affected the improvement effect.The energy release rate of the PCMs assembly system(PAS)varied according to the positions of the PCMs.

Innovative Production of PCMs （Phase Change Materials） Preparation by Vacuum Impregnation： Thermal Insulation Efficiency

Energy is essential for every human activity for more comfortable life, but it also consumes more natural resources. Fossil fuel is the major energy source for energy consumption, and it also emits a lot of air pollution during usage to atmosphere and not reproductively. Electrical energy is the secondary energy sources from fossil fuel which is used to operate air conditioning system. In order to control human comfort temperature, it is usually required when the temperature differences swing between indoor and outdoor temperatures. PCMs （phase change materials） are the high latent heat materials which can be used in building materials for energy conservation purpose. PCMs can store thermal energy and prevent heat to pass through temperature control areas. Paraffin has been used as PCMs which is absorbed into the pore of fly ash as paraffin/fly-ash composite and mixed into the buildings materials. Paraffin is an organic material with high melting point （-59 ~C） and nonflammable material, therefore, it can be used as the building materials for the function of PCMs for energy saving purposes. Composite PCMs can be prepared by vacuum impregnation process. Paraffin in liquid form will be impregnated into the pore of fly ash by vacuum capillary force to form paraffin/fly ash composite PCMs. Vacuum impregnation pressures, vacuum times, impregnation times of liquid paraffin in fly ash pores and temperatures for melting the solid paraffin into the liquid form are all affect on the thermal properties of paraffin/fly ash composite PCMs. Composite PCMs will be selected by the optimum thermal properties with optimum of the production conditions for replace the cement powder in the mortar plate compositions. Cement mortar plate with and without composite PCMs will be tested for the thermal insulation properties by comparison as the real day and night time for 8 h period from spot light turn on and off. Temperature detection on the surface and inside the model building under mortar plate with and without composite PCMs is detected every 1 min. Temperature differences between surface of mortar plate over the model building and inside temperature of model building under mortar plates increase with more composite PCMs contents in mortar plates. Thermal insulation efficiency in the building can be enhanced by the composite PCMs utilization as the composition of the building materials.

Innovative Production of PCMs （Phase Change Materials） Preparation by Vacuum Impregnation： Mechanical Strength of Mortars Cement with Composite PCMs Content

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the efficiency of thermal insulation of composite PCMs （phase change materials） produced by vacuum impregnation process between paraffin （PCMs） and fly ash particles. DSC （differential scanning calorimeter） has been used to determine the thermal properties of latent heat of melting and heat capacity for composite PCMs. Vacuum impregnation pressure of 40 in.Hg, paraffin melting temperature of 90℃, vacuum time and impregnation time of paraffin of 30 min are the optimum condition of composite PCMs productions. The values of latent heat of melting and heat capacity are 74.00 J/g and 15.726 J/g.℃ for composite PCMs that produces by the optimum condition in vacuum impregnation process. Increasing the amount of composite PCMs replacing for cement in mortars causes the compressive strength, flexural strength and tensile strength reduction. Compressive strength, flexural strength and tensile strength of mortar with and without composite PCMs can be increased by the longer time of water curing for mortar specimens. Thermal conductivity （k） of mortar cement is reduced by increasing the amount of composite PCMs which replaced for cement in mortar plate compositions. Composite PCMs have the efficiency for thermal energy insulation when incorporated into the buildings. Therefore, this property of paraffin/fly ash composites PCMs can reduce the energy consumption for temperature control in the buildings.

Innovative Production of PCMs （Phase Change Materials） Preparation by Vacuum Impregnation： Thermal and Physical Properties

Energy is essential for every human activity for more comfortable life but also consumes more natural resources. In order to control human comfort, temperature usually required when the differences in temperature swing between indoor and outdoor temperatures. PCMs （phase change materials） are the high latent heat materials which can be used in building materials for energy conservation purpose. PCMs can store thermal energy and also can prevent heat to pass through temperature control areas. Paraffin has been used as PCMs are absorbed into the pore of fly ash as paraffin/fly-ash composite and mixed into the buildings materials. Paraffin is an organic material with high melting point （-59℃）, and nonflammable materials therefore paraffin can be used as the building materials for the function of PCMs for energy saving purposes. Composite PCMs can be prepared by vacuum impregnation process. Paraffin in liquid form will be impregnated into the pore of fly ash by vacuum capillary force to form paraffin/fly ash composite PCMs. Vacuum impregnation pressures, vacuum times, impregnation times of liquid paraffin in fly ash pores and temperatures for melting the solid paraffin into the liquid form are all affect on the thermal properties of paraffin/fly ash composite PCMs. Paraffin or PCMs impregnation are also relate to the physical property including the fractal dimensions of the pores of the fly ash particles and paraffin/fly ash composite PCMs. The fractal dimensions of the pore of fly ash and paraffin/fiy ash composites PCMs are between the values of 1.0 and 2.0. Fractal dimensions of paraffin/fly-ash composite PCMs have the same trend as the thermal properties for heat capacity and latent heat of melting. These fractal dimensions technique is a novel method to measure physical property of building material related to latent heat and heat capacity.

基于PCMS系统的海洋工程浮体专业半成品管理功能的研究与应用

在海上油气田模块化工厂中,浮体专业是其中重要的一部分,由于浮体专业建造工序众多,因此半成品是建造过程中的管理难点。基于海洋石油工程股份有限公司建造事业部现有用于生产项目管理的PCMS系统,使用Python语言和Django开发框架研发的半成品管理功能,阐述其配合PCMS系统在浮体专业建造的管理过程中所发挥的作用,同时为现场施工管理提供强有力的数据支持。

Leakage Proof,Flame-Retardant,and Electromagnetic Shield Wood Morphology Genetic Composite Phase Change Materials for Solar Thermal Energy Harvesting

Phase change materials(PCMs)offer a promising solution to address the challenges posed by intermittency and fluctuations in solar thermal utilization.However,for organic solid-liquid PCMs,issues such as leakage,low thermal conductivity,lack of efficient solar-thermal media,and flamma-bility have constrained their broad applications.Herein,we present an innova-tive class of versatile composite phase change materials(CPCMs)developed through a facile and environmentally friendly synthesis approach,leveraging the inherent anisotropy and unidirectional porosity of wood aerogel(nanowood)to support polyethylene glycol(PEG).The wood modification process involves the incorporation of phytic acid(PA)and MXene hybrid structure through an evaporation-induced assembly method,which could impart non-leaking PEG filling while concurrently facilitating thermal conduction,light absorption,and flame-retardant.Consequently,the as-prepared wood-based CPCMs showcase enhanced thermal conductivity(0.82 W m^(-1)K^(-1),about 4.6 times than PEG)as well as high latent heat of 135.5 kJ kg^(-1)(91.5%encapsula-tion)with thermal durability and stability throughout at least 200 heating and cooling cycles,featuring dramatic solar-thermal conversion efficiency up to 98.58%.In addition,with the synergistic effect of phytic acid and MXene,the flame-retardant performance of the CPCMs has been significantly enhanced,showing a self-extinguishing behavior.Moreover,the excellent electromagnetic shielding of 44.45 dB was endowed to the CPCMs,relieving contemporary health hazards associated with electromagnetic waves.Overall,we capitalize on the exquisite wood cell structure with unidirectional transport inherent in the development of multifunctional CPCMs,showcasing the operational principle through a proof-of-concept prototype system.

相变材料在降低光伏组件温度系数影响的应用及实测分析

本文探讨了使用相变材料(Phase Change Material, PCM)来降低光伏组件温升,克服光伏组件温度系数负影响,从而提高其发电量的方法,定制开发了被动控温装置,并通过实测验证了技术路线的可行性。光伏组件在发电过程中会吸收太阳辐射引起本体温度的升高,导致光电转化效率会显著下降,这个系数为光伏组件的温度系数。为了克服这一问题,本文提出在光伏组件中引入相变材料,利用其储热和释热特性,实现对光伏组件温度的有效控制。通过方案分析和实测验证,本文明确了光伏组件使用相变材料控温的关键边界条件,研发了一种控温装置,开展了典型项目的实测验证,证明了相变材料在降低光伏组件温升、提高发电效率方面的显著效果。

相变路面抑制降温效果研究

本文以混凝土路面为研究对象,向路面主体材料中添加PEG300和PEG400作为相变材料,膨胀石墨为封装材料制备相变储能路面,利用COMSOL Multiphysics多物理仿真软件对路面模型进行模拟研究,探究复合相变材料(PCMs)不同掺量下的路面抑制降温能力的变化规律。结果表明:对4种不同PCMs掺量的相变储能路面传热3 h后6.76 cm深度的温度进行对比分析,发现掺量为4%,8%,12%的相变路面温度分别比水泥路面温度高1℃,1.4℃,1.6℃,掺量为4%时温度增加量最大。相变储能路面在深度为4 cm时降为0℃需要的时间均大于水泥混凝土路面需要的时间,水泥混凝土路面在4 cm时达到0℃需要的时间为3 h,PCMs掺量为4%的相变储能路面需要4.4 h,延缓了1.4 h;掺量为8%的相变储能路面需要5.6 h,延缓了1.2 h;掺量为12%的相变储能路面需要6.6 h,延缓了1 h。PCMs掺量每增加4%,其增加的延缓时间在降低,从0%掺量增加到4%时,增加的延缓时间最长。综上两种分析,最优的PCMs掺量为4%。相变储能路面抑制降温的能力可延缓路面温度降为0℃的时间,从而抑制结冰,减少路面损伤。

基于纳米复合PCM集蓄热构件的建筑太阳能供暖特性研究

设计一种基于吸光型纳米复合相变材料(PCM)模块化集蓄热构件,将其应用于建筑太阳能采暖,以降低能耗和碳排放。开展石墨烯-石蜡复合相变材料的制备和物性测试,建立PCM集蓄热数学模型,并结合典型气候工况进行供热特性的数值模拟,研究定风量情况下蓄热层厚度和空气流道宽度对供暖特性的影响,分析通风速度对送风温度、日供热量以及太阳能供暖保证率的影响。研究结果表明:添加石墨烯后的纳米复合PCM相对于纯石蜡的集热效率约提升了60%;对于具有18 m^(2)采光面积的集蓄热构件,当通风速度为1.0 m/s时,太阳能集蓄热墙具有较为优异的供暖性能,此时供给室内的日供热量、日平均热效率和供暖保证率分别为112.5 MJ、67.6%和90.0%,室内能够达到20℃的设定温度的时间为13 h。

面向脱轨后被动安全防护的转向架结构优化

为了验证和优化列车转向架部件的脱轨后被动安全防护效果,提出基于多边形接触模型的列车脱轨后接触建模方法,并建立列车脱轨后动力学模型,模拟不同结构参数组合下的列车脱轨后运行行为。将所得横移量和结构参数组合作为反向传播神经网络模型的训练样本,拟合两者之间的非线性关系,采用基于锦标赛选择的自适应遗传算法搜索横移量最小解及其对应的参数组合。以拖车制动盘优化问题为例,运用该优化模型进行结构参数优化。研究结果表明:在100 km/h脱轨速度下,制动盘的最优结构参数组合的半径为335 mm、厚度为80 mm、安装位置为320 mm;与原设计相比,车辆脱轨后横移量减少80.2%,大幅度提高了制动盘被动安全防护能力。本文所提出的建模方法和优化模型可推广应用于其他列车结构的脱轨后被动安全防护能力优化和验证,具有较大的工程实用价值。

用于通用存储和神经形态计算的相变存储器的研究进展

存算一体技术目前被认为是一种可以消除冯·诺依曼计算架构瓶颈的可行性技术。在众多的存算一体器件中,相变存储器(PCM)因其具有非易失性、可微缩性、高开关速度、低操作电压、循环寿命长以及与现有半导体工艺相兼容等优点,被认为是未来通用存储和神经形态计算器件中最具竞争力的候选者之一。首先介绍了PCM的工作原理和器件材料结构,并详细讨论了PCM在通用存储和神经形态计算领域的应用。PCM具有高集成度和低功耗的共性需求,但这两个应用领域对材料性能有不同的侧重点。详细分析了PCM目前存在的优缺点,如高编程电流导致的功耗问题,以及商业化应用面临的主要挑战。最后,针对PCM的研究现状提出了一系列改进措施,包括材料选择、器件结构设计、预操作、热损耗降低、3D架构,以及解决阻态漂移等问题,以推动其进一步发展和应用。

基于物联网的激光侦听装置

硬件设计采用ESP32单片机为核心,采用IV变换电路、高增益放大电路、噪声滤除电路以及PCM编码电路,实现了激光信号的接收、放大、去噪和解调等功能,恢复出原始的语音信号。通过PCM语音编码技术,利用ESP32单片机控制编码器对恢复出的语音信号进行模数变换,采用MQTT协议上传至云服务器进行处理。软件部分以MQTT云服务器为核心,采用Python语言编程。接收数字音频信息后,实现语音的播放。并配合自制的GUI界面,利用语音识别技术和关键字摘要提取技术,实现了语音信号转文本以及生成摘要报告等功能。经过实践测试表明,该设备数据传输便捷、装置灵活小巧、非接触、无痕迹、且可以系统部署到更广泛的区域和环境中,非常适合于行动人员对于重点场所的侦听需求。