Impact of School Canteens on School Retention and Academic Performance in the Atlantic Department (Benin)

In Benin, obstacles to universal access to primary education persist. In rural areas, enrolment and attendance rates remain low due to several factors. Families living in poverty may not be able to afford to send their children to school;although the government has eliminated primary school fees, parents still have to buy school uniforms and supplies. There is also an opportunity cost associated with sending girls to school, rather than keeping them at home where they can help their mothers with household chores and look after their younger siblings (School canteens in Benin to improve student enrolment and retention in partnership with parents’ associations, 2008). Prior to 2016, the school feeding system was in its infancy, with canteens operated for only three months of the year. However, thanks to determined government reforms, the school canteen system has undergone a profound transformation. The implementation of a USD 79 million has not only not only increased coverage from coverage from 30% to 75% today, but also set the ambitious target ambitious goal of achieving 100% coverage by the end of 2023 [1]. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of canteens on school retention and children’s academic performance. We conducted a descriptive and analytical diagnostic survey using a questionnaire designed for parents of schoolchildren. Canteens increase and maintain the number of children in our schools, especially when the providers start their activities, in this case those traveling long distances. Almost all the parents surveyed believe that the school canteen has had an impact on their children’s motivation to attend school and class, and consequently on their performance. For example, for all parents surveyed, the school canteen has reduced the risk of children dropping out of school, especially girls (97%), although the difference with boys (95%) remains small and is not statistically significant. What’s more, since the advent of the PNASI, in the Atlantic department, the CEP pass rate in schools with canteens far exceeds that of schools without canteens. This shows that canteens play a major and positive role in the retention and success of the schoolchildren who benefit from them.

Relative peripheral refraction in school children with different refractive errors using a novel multispectral refraction topographer

AIM:To compare relative peripheral refraction(RPR)in Chinese school children with different refractive errors using multispectral refraction topography(MRT).METHODS:A total of 713 eyes of primary school children[172 emmetropia(E),429 low myopia(LM),80 moderate myopia(MM),and 32 low hypermetropia(LH)]aged 10 to 13y were analyzed.RPRs were measured using MRT without mydriasis.MRT results showed RPR at 0-15°(RPR 0-15),15°-30°(RPR 15-30),and 30°-45°(RPR 30-45)annular in the inferior(RPR-I),superior(RPR-S),nasal(RPR-N),and temporal(RPR-T)quadrants.Spherical equivalent(SE)was detected and calculated using an autorefractor.RESULTS:There were significant differences of RPR 15-30 between groups MM[0.02(-0.12;0.18)]and LH[-0.13(-0.36;0.12)](P<0.05),MM and E[-0.06(-0.20;0.10)](P<0.05),and LM[-0.02(-0.15;0.15)]and E(P<0.05).There were also significant differences of RPR 30-45 between groups MM[0.45(0.18;0.74)]and E[0.29(-0.09;0.67)](P<0.05),and LM[0.44(0.14;0.76)]and E(P<0.001).RPR values increased from the hyperopic to medium myopic group in each annular.There were significant differences of RPR-S between groups MM[-0.02(-0.60;0.30)]and E[-0.44(-0.89;-0.04)](P<0.001),and LM[-0.28(-0.71;0.12)]and E(P<0.05).There were also significant differences of RPR-T between groups MM[0.37(0.21;0.78)]and LH[0.14(-0.52;0.50)](P<0.05),LM[0.41(0.06;0.84)]and LH(P<0.05),and LM and E[0.29(-0.10;0.68),P<0.05].A Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a negative correlation between RPR and SE in the 15°-30°(P=0.005),30°-45°(P<0.05)annular(P=0.002),superior(P<0.001),and temporal(P=0.001)quadrants.CONCLUSION:Without pupil dilation,values for RPR 15-30,30-45,RPR-S,and T shows significant differences between myopic eyes and emmetropia,and the differences are negatively correlated with SE.

Do Victims Defend Victims?The Mediating Role of Empathy between Victimization Experience and Public-Defending Tendency in School Bullying Situations

Objectives:This study investigates the association between victimization experience and the tendency to defend on behalf of victims during school bullying incidents in public settings,with a focus on the mediating effect of empathy and the moderating role of school level among Chinese children and adolescents.Methods:Data were collected by a cross-sectional survey.A total of 1491 students in Grades 4–11 participated(Boys=52.8%;Mean_(age)=13.00 years,Standard Deviation_(age)=2.31).Structural equation modeling is employed to test the hypotheses.Results:The results indicate that empathy measures partially mediate the relationship between victimization experience and defending tendency in public in-school bullying situations.In particular,individuals with a history of victimization typically demonstrate lower levels of empathy.They are less likely to protect victims in school bullying situations in the presence of others,which suggests that empathy plays a significant mediating role in this relationship.Group differences were found between primary and secondary school students,which indicates that the hypothesized model should be considered through a developmental perspective.Conclusions:The findings of this study emphasize the importance of children’s benign peer relationships,and practitioners are encouraged to prevent victimization in schools and care for students who have been victimized;specific measures include cultivating empathy,teaching defending skills that have been found to help reduce the adverse effects of victimization,and encouraging prosocial behavior during children's socialization development.

Exploring the Path of Implementing the Home-School Co-education Model from the Perspective of Moral Education Field

As a social psychological field derived from the concept of physical field,the moral education field plays a very important role in guiding the construction of a home-school co-education model.In this paper,by analyzing the internal power system of the moral education field,with a policy oriented approach and combined with contemporary factors,it aims to empower the traditional home-school co-education model.Only by combining home education and school education,supplemented by social policy guidance,strengthening the construction of the"trinity"community,creating a harmonious and stable ecological interactive moral education field,expanding the path of home-school cooperation,strengthening the boundary of home and school responsibility,and innovating the form of home-school co-education,can it support the bright future of education.

Video Games and School Performances of Dakar High School Students

The triptych (Smartphones, Video games, adolescents) has imposed itself on the collective consciousness in the form of questioning to the point of becoming a social phenomenon. It thus raises concerns about the uses that adolescents make of it and the effects on their academic performance, which we proposed to study among middle school students from the Dakar academy inspection. Where appropriate, we used mixed methods with the collection techniques of questionnaire survey, semi-structured interviews respectively with middle school students, adults (parents, supervisors, teachers, etc.), participant observation and literature review. Concretely, before accessibility to video games, the middle school students were more idle and well-behaved, watched a lot of TV, played with their brothers and sisters or did household chores. The majority of young people had good, very good or excellent conduct and their averages were fair, fairly good or good. With access to a diverse digital environment, middle school students have passionately turned to video games. As a result, their learning time, concentration and submission to parental injunctions have declined significantly. This situation negatively affected their academic performance and encouraged bad behavior.

Research on the Change Path of Ordinary High School From the Perspective of Transformational Leadership——Take the No.4 High School of Xi’an High-tech Zone as an Example

The Guiding Opinions of The General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Reform of ordinary high school education Mode in the New Era directly refers to the reform of ordinary high school education mode,making it a new era mission of ordinary high school education development.The reform of ordinary high school is a complex and purposeful event,and the process of reform needs to go through several stages,each stage is faced with unique tasks,contradictions and corresponding strategies of change.As a principal,he must be clear about the goal of the school towards the future,the specific problems he needs to face and the corresponding strategies,and how to promote the overall reform of the school.What is the path of change?The proposal of transformational leadership theory provides a new way of thinking for opening the new situation of school reform.How to learn from the transformational leadership theory to seek an endogenous road for the reform of ordinary high school in our country in the complex contemporary educational environment is an important issue worth educators to study.

Strategies for Boxing Teaching in Competitive Sports Schools

To improve the quality of boxing teaching in competitive sports schools,it is necessary to first analyze the strengths and weaknesses of boxing teaching in competitive sports schools,and then optimize the teaching strategy.The strategies include innovating the boxing curriculum system and content,building learning communities inside and outside the classroom,personalizing the teaching forms and methods,using multimedia to broaden the teaching path,focusing on the integration of boxing teaching leagues,and diversifying the teaching incentives and evaluations.

Uncovering the Challenges Faced by Primary School Science Teachers in Implementing Experimental Teaching:A Data Analysis Based on a Questionnaire Survey Conducted in Western China

Primary school science is a discipline grounded in experiments,and experimental teaching holds paramount significance in primary school science education in China.Nevertheless,the implementation problems of experimental teaching are frequently disregarded.This research endeavors to disclose the concrete challenges encountered by primary school science teachers in the western region of China during the implementation of experimental teaching,analyze their implications,and put forward corresponding mitigatory measures.Based on a questionnaire survey regarding the current state of primary school science experimental teaching in 21 areas of western China,it is unveiled that primary school science teachers in the western region of China confront deficiencies in scientific professional attainment,the necessity to enhance the attitude towards experimental teaching,and a partial shortage of experimental teaching resources.These hardships result in the deterioration of the quality of experimental teaching,the attenuation of students’learning interests,and the exacerbation of teachers’job burnout.Hence,measures should be initiated in aspects such as teacher training,resource development,and enhanced emphasis to assist primary school science teachers in the western region of China in implementing experimental teaching more effectively and elevating the quality of primary school science experimental teaching.

Constructing Online Open Courses in Geriatric Nursing for Secondary Vocational Schools Using the OBE Framework

Based on the Outcome-Based Education(OBE)concept,the design of the secondary vocational online open course“Geriatric Nursing”plays a crucial role in enabling students to effectively acquire relevant knowledge and skills in geriatric nursing.First,an integrated design of learning outcomes should be established in line with the OBE framework,clearly outlining the competency levels students must achieve in geriatric nursing.Second,a structured curriculum must be developed to address the practical needs of geriatric nursing roles,ensuring course content aligns with real-world applications.Lastly,it is essential to implement a student-centered approach that combines online and offline teaching,prioritizing the learning experience and personalized needs of students.Adhering to the principles of“integrated design,structured curriculum,and blended teaching,”the development of the“Geriatric Nursing”online open course facilitates the transition from discipline-oriented to goal-oriented instruction and shifts the focus from teacher-centered to student-centered learning,ultimately advancing the training of geriatric nursing professionals.

An Investigation on the Influence of Middle School Students'Grammar Learning Self-efficacy on Their Learning Performance

In middleschool English teaching,grammar instruction has always been an important and challenging aspect.Due to the strong influence of grammar explanation in Chinese,learning English grammar may be affected by negative transfer from their native language,which could pose certain obstacles to English acquisition.Self-efficacy,as a major emotional factor influencing learners'internal regulation strategies,has attracted wide attention from researchers both domestically and internationally for its impact on learning performance.High self-efficacy helps learners develop a more positive mindset towards learning,thereby contributing to improved learning performance.Therefore,this study focuses on investigating the relationship between grammatical self-efficacy and learning performance of English grammar among middle school students.This research contributes to a complementary understanding of grammatical self-efficacy among educators,enhancing their teaching skills,and effectively guiding students to learn English grammar with a more positive and healthy mindset,presenting a future grammar instruction in middle school English teaching.

磁记忆PE全包覆抽油杆SVM应力预测研究

为探测PE全包覆防腐层抽油杆的应力区域,解决抽油杆状态评估中的技术难点。采集预制点腐蚀、面腐蚀和沟槽腐蚀的PE全包覆防腐层抽油杆的磁记忆信号,并用支持向量机(SVM)研究信号特征值与缺陷应力值,以及应力状态之间的关系,建立应力状态预测模型,引入粒子群优化算法优化SVM模型参数。通过优化,用该模型预测抽油杆应力状态的平均误差仅为3.638%。结果表明:基于粒子群优化算法和7种磁记忆信号特征量建立的支持向量机模型准确率较高,适用于PE全包覆防腐层抽油杆的应力状态预测。

Research on the Integrated Teaching Design of Junior High School English Units Based on the Key Competencies of English Subjects

The overall teaching design for the junior middle school English unit aims to maximize the use of teaching resources by using the unit as the central theme,integrating it throughout all sections and related activities.This approach continually reinforces students’understanding and retention of individual lesson content while fostering their core literacy and skills.It promotes a comprehensive development of students’listening,speaking,reading,and writing skills,allowing them to engage repeatedly with the language materials until they internalize them as part of their language proficiency.

Integration of Mathematics History into Junior Middle School Education: A Pedagogical Approach to Enhance Mathematical Literacy

The integration of the history of mathematics into junior middle school mathematics education represents a significant focus of international research in mathematics and education.The mathematics curriculum standards for compulsory education have emphasized the importance of incorporating the history of mathematics,aiming to gradually integrate it into the mathematics classroom.However,in the practical implementation of junior middle school mathematics education,the effective combination of the history of mathematics with teaching methodologies remains largely unexplored.This article explores the integration of junior middle school mathematics education and the history of mathematics,aiming to provide classroom teaching recommendations for teachers and promote the formation of students’mathematical literacy.

焊接参数和环境温度对聚乙烯(PE)燃气管电熔焊温度场的影响

电熔焊是连接聚乙烯(PE)燃气管的常用方法。采用SYSWELD软件建立PE100圆管电熔焊的1/4轴对称有限元模型,考虑了电热丝产生的电阻热作为体积热源,并通过空气对流和散热面散热的方式模拟焊接过程中的热交换。通过DSC+TG联用测试PE100材料的熔化温度和分解温度,获得特征温度数据。试验测得PE100材料的熔化起始温度和峰值温度分别为118℃和138℃,分解起始温度为272℃,5%质量损失标定的分解温度为350℃。熔化区宽度的预测值与测量值吻合较好,误差在5%以内,验证了所采用的计算方法的有效性和准确性。模拟结果表明,焊接电压对熔化区宽度有显著影响,较大的焊接电压产生足够的热输入,进而扩大了熔化区宽度。但过高的热输入会导致塑料的过热分解,形成孔洞,降低有效连接面积,可能会影响到接头的力学性能。环境温度通过改变焊接结构的初始温度和对流散热强度,显著影响熔化区的形成过程和最终宽度。实际生产时,有必要依据具体的环境因素对电熔套筒的预设参数进行优化和调整,以保证电熔焊的质量。

Associations between Rejective Parenting Style and Academic Anxiety among Chinese High School Students:The Chain Mediation Effect of Self-Concept and Positive Coping Style

Background:The phenomenon of academic anxiety has been demonstrated to exert a considerable influence on students’academic engagement,leading to the emergence of a phenomenon known as“learned helplessness”and undermining the selfconfidence and motivation of high school students.Using acceptance-rejection theory,this study elucidated how a rejective parenting style affects Chinese high school students’academic anxiety and explored the urban-rural heterogeneity of this relationship.Methods:Data were analyzed using a stratified whole-cluster random sampling method.There are a total of 30,000 high school students in the three regions of northern and central China(from Shanxi,Hebei and Henan).A sample of 2286 high school students aged 14–19 years was ultimately selected from 2760 respondents for this investigation,which was conducted at the beginning of the 2023 school year.Pearson correlation,ordinary least squares(OLS)regression analysis,path analysis,and Fisher’s permutation test(FPT)were used to examine the effects of rejective parenting style on high school students’academic anxiety.Results:Results indicated a significant positive predictive effect between rejective parenting style and academic anxiety among high school students(β=0.815,t=116.211,p<0.001).Students’self-concept was significantly positively related to positive coping style(β=0.424,t=21.208,p<0.001)and chain-mediated this relationship.Therefore,this parenting style may indirectly mitigate academic anxiety through these mediators.The study also found that the effect of rejective parenting style on academic anxiety varied by students’residential background and was more pronounced in urban areas(0.226)than in rural areas(0.130).Conclusion:The research underscores the imperative for Chinese families to reexamine their utilization of rejection parenting and to prioritize the cultivation of students’intrinsic attributes.These findings offer a theoretical framework and practical evidence for policymakers and educators to develop efficacious and targeted interventions.In particular,greater attention should be directed towards the discrepancies in the manifestation of emotional and academic anxiety between urban and rural students,and prompt guidance should be furnished.

基本内涵、主要特征和实践路径:基于“生活·实践”教育理念的“Co-school”办学模式研究

面向时代变革、开放视野站位,梅园实验学校遵循“生活·实践”教育理念,研究实践以“循理顺性,协同共生”为核心理念的“Co-school”协同型办学模式,即彰显“协同性、开放性、实践性”重要内在特征,以“构建协同型管理(Co-management)、打造协同型环境(Co-environment)和建立协同型生态(Co-ecology)”为实践路径,致力于在生活导向与实践精神引领下建设一种适应未来人才需求培育的学校治理逻辑,构建开放、包容、共享的协同共生教育生态,形成面向新时代教育治理方式变革的深圳探索,为基础教育改革创新贡献新思路。

PE纤维与细橡胶颗粒对泡沫混凝土弯曲韧性的影响

研究了聚乙烯(PE)纤维及其与细橡胶颗粒复掺对泡沫混凝土弯曲破坏模式、峰值强度、能量吸收特性和弯曲韧性的影响,并结合孔结构分析和微观形貌观察探究了其作用机理.结果表明:PE纤维使泡沫混凝土出现多缝开裂模式,显著提升了其峰值强度、能量吸收能力和弯曲韧性;复掺细橡胶颗粒可以进一步提升泡沫混凝土试件的比能量吸收和弯曲韧性;掺入PE纤维可以降低泡沫混凝土的平均孔径;复掺细橡胶颗粒导致泡沫混凝土试件的平均孔径增大,联通孔增多,对其峰值强度有不利影响;PE纤维及细橡胶颗粒提升泡沫混凝土弯曲韧性的主要原因在于其削弱了裂纹尖端的应力集中,同时增强了能量耗散作用.

Research on Landscape Design in Middle School

To the middle school environment,combining education with scenery and environment is particularly important.The study described that during the landscape design of middle school,the planners should grasp the characteristics of school culture.To arrange the layout of school reasonably,designers should be familiar with the psychological and behavioral characteristics of middle school students with considering of the natural elements around the school.Landscape design needs to respect natural environment,taking cost savings,and the features of the school traffic into account.With the pursuit of natural,fresh,simple,and bright color style,landscape design in middle school should retain the feature of school history and the unique humanity environment.The whole planning is best to meet the public aesthetic,avoiding of blind pursuit of the novel,unique,and particular design style.Designers should also work hard at the design conception.With the help of modern language and materials,positive elements should be added into the school environment with the enlightenment of education,which highlight the appeal of school environment and the sense of the times.

PE管道的爆破振动响应规律及灰色关联度分析

为了降低隧道爆破施工对既有埋地PE管道造成的振动危害,有必要在施工前了解影响管道振动效应的各种因素。根据现场实测数据,采用MIDAS GTS NX软件建立岩土体-隧道-PE管道三维数值模型,并将现场监测结果和数值模拟结果进行对比分析,验证数值模型的可靠性。分析得出:爆破振动作用下土体弹性模量、泊松比和管径的增加会使管道的最大振速增大;因为地表自由面叠加作用的原因,管道埋深的增加使管道最大振速先减小后增大。运用灰色关联度理论,确定了4种不同因素对管道振动效应的影响程度,主次关系为:土体弹性模量>管道埋深>土体泊松比>管道直径。准确地了解各因素对管道振动的影响程度能够更好的对隧道爆破施工时PE管道的安全性进行评估,为工程实际施工提供参考。

横向滑坡载荷作用下埋地PE管道的损伤数值模拟

埋地燃气输送管道服役环境复杂,其中滑坡地质灾害严重威胁管道的服役安全。以埋地聚乙烯(polyethylene,PE)管道为研究对象,利用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟了横向滑坡载荷作用下的管道损伤行为,探讨了滑坡参数(滑坡体位移量)、管道埋深以及内压对PE管力学性能的影响。研究结果表明:滑坡作用下埋地PE管最大偏移、最大Mises应力和最大主应变均位于管轴向横截对称面上。管道最大Mises应力随滑坡位移的增大而增大,管底为管道最终屈服点,屈服主要原因为管横截面被压扁变形。管道未屈服时,最大Mises应力随内压的增大呈现先减小后增大的现象,最大主应变随内压的增大而增大。最大Mises应力和最大主应变均随埋深的增大而增大。